A petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, comprising a feed part, a flash separation part and a control part; the heated petroleum hydrocarbon is separated into a light oil component and a heavy oil component in a separation tank, a packing section is arranged in the separation tank, and the separated gas phase light oil contacts with the cold reflux liquid phase flowing from top to bottom in the packing, so as to further improve the separation accuracy. This device is a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, which can achieve the purpose of light and heavy component separation by adopting a simple process flow, and can meet the laboratory's separation requirements for petroleum hydrocarbons in different distillation ranges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device in the field of petrochemical industry, which can separate a petroleum hydrocarbon mixed component into two components. Background Art

[0002] Common petroleum hydrocarbon separation devices in industry include atmospheric distillation devices. The side line is used to take out the logistics from the distillation tower, remove heat, cool it, and then return it to the distillation tower from above. Crude oil can be cut into more than four or five products such as gasoline, kerosene, light diesel, heavy diesel and heavy oil. The separation between each two products requires a certain number of plates. The single-tower multi-side line structure requires a side line heat exchange process and a complex structure. In addition, the existing distillation experimental devices are all under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure conditions and cannot be pressurized for distillation. If the side line heat extraction system is cancelled, simple flash evaporation will have poor separation accuracy and the overlap of the separated components will be greater than 60°C, which is not suitable for laboratory petroleum hydrocarbon separation to obtain raw materials in different distillation ranges.

[0003] The patent related to the petroleum hydrocarbon separation device is CN210384895U, which provides a device for separating light and heavy components, but the device is actually a common "primary distillation tower" solution. If the device is used for obtaining petroleum hydrocarbons in different distillation ranges with a small laboratory processing volume, it has the following defects: 1. The product separated from the top of the tower is cooled into a liquid and refluxed to the fractionation tower, so the top product must be cooled into a liquid and cannot be transported as a gas; 2. Since the reflux medium is the low-boiling point component separated from the top of the tower, it is easy to vaporize after returning to the tower and being heated, and it is difficult to keep the liquid reflux downward in the fractionation tower, and the separation effect on components with higher boiling points is small; 3. After the top product of the device is cooled, a side line must be sent out, and the reflux amount returned to the fractionation tower cannot be measured and controlled; 4. The device cannot be adjusted and accurately controlled under different operating pressure conditions for petroleum hydrocarbon separation; 5. The pressure of the petroleum hydrocarbon feed pipeline is controllable, but the temperature is not controllable, so the separation conditions are not controllable; 6. The pressure of the separation tank is not controllable, and it is even more impossible to transport it with downstream reaction devices, such as the riser reaction device.

[0004] Existing fractionation devices or methods all achieve precise fractionation by using a side-line distillate heat extraction cooling reflux. Firstly, a side-line distillate or product heat exchange system needs to be set up, and secondly, the properties of the reflux raw material cannot be selectively controlled, which limits the separation conditions and effects.

[0005] How to achieve the separation of two components of petroleum hydrocarbons without relying on heat exchange, cooling and reflux in the separation tower or product side line, how to ensure the separation accuracy, how to achieve adjustable and controllable separation conditions and adjustable separation results, how to achieve separation and precise measurement of laboratory kilogram / hour level processing volume, and especially how to achieve direct output of low-boiling point component gas into the reactor are unprecedented. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, which can not only meet the laboratory's demand for petroleum hydrocarbons in different distillation ranges as experimental raw materials, but also can be combined with a downstream riser device to ensure the smooth operation of the reaction device, so as to realize flash separation of the raw oil and directly use it as feed for the catalytic cracking / catalytic cracking reaction device.

[0007] The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device provided by the present invention comprises a feed part, a flash separation part and a control part;

[0008] The petroleum hydrocarbon separation device has a reflux raw material on the top of the separation tank to improve the separation effect; specifically, the reflux raw material is transported from the reflux raw material tank through a pipeline or a portion of the raw oil is directly diverted from the raw oil through a pipeline to the top of the separation tank before the raw oil heating furnace as the reflux raw material, or / and water is injected into the top of the separation tank to achieve separation of low boiling point components;

[0009] The feed portion includes a separated petroleum hydrocarbon or crude oil feed portion, a low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed portion, and / or a water (reflux) feed portion;

[0010] The separated petroleum hydrocarbon or crude oil feed part is provided with a raw material tank, a raw material oil pump and a raw material oil heating furnace, which are connected to the raw material oil inlet through pipelines in sequence. The raw material tank is placed on a raw material oil electronic scale to measure the feed amount, so as to achieve accurate measurement of the raw material oil feed amount;

[0011] Alternatively, a reflux part is separately provided, wherein the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is provided with a reflux raw material tank and a reflux pump, wherein the reflux raw material tank and the reflux pump are sequentially connected to the reflux port through a pipeline, or one end of the reflux raw material tank is connected to the raw material tank, and the other end is sequentially connected to the reflux port through a pipeline with the reflux pump, and the reflux raw material tank is placed on a reflux electronic scale for reflux volume measurement. In specific implementation, the raw material oil enters the raw material oil inlet after heating, or before the raw material oil is heated, a path is separated to pass through the reflux raw material tank and the reflux pump and enter the reflux port; or the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is composed of the raw material tank and the raw material oil pump connected to the reflux port by a pipeline, that is, the raw material oil pump outlet (before the raw material heating furnace) is directly connected to the reflux port by a pipeline, and part of the raw material oil is used as the reflux feed, so that the raw material oil is directly used for the reflux raw material of the separation tank; preferably, water is used for the reflux raw material, and the reflux raw material tank and the reflux pump are sequentially connected to the reflux port of the separation tank through a pipeline, so that the reflux water enters the separation tank;

[0012] In specific implementation, a water (reflux) feed part may also be provided, which is composed of a water storage tank connected to the top of the separation tank or the reflux port through a pipeline. In specific implementation, a corresponding pump may be provided according to the implementation needs;

[0013] The flash separation part includes a separation tank, the crude oil inlet, the steam feed inlet and the reflux port are all arranged on the separation tank; the separation tank is placed vertically; the separation tank is provided with a gas product outlet and a liquid product outlet, and the top of the separation tank or the gas product outlet is provided with a temperature transmitter, a pressure transmitter and a pressure controller; in specific implementation, the steam feed inlet is located below the crude oil inlet, and the stripping steam from the stripping water vaporization heating furnace enters the liquid flow at the lower part of the separation tank, flows upward, and contacts with the heavy petroleum hydrocarbons from the crude oil inlet and the reflux port, further improving the light oil extraction rate;

[0014] The gas components separated by the separation tank flow out of the separation tank through the pipeline from the gas product outlet at the top of the separation tank, and then enter the catalytic cracking experimental device reactor or the gas product collecting part in the gas state, or enter the catalytic cracking experimental device reactor from the gas product collecting part through the pipeline;

[0015] The high boiling point components or heavy oil separated by the separation tank flows out of the separation tank from the liquid product outlet, and then enters the catalytic cracking experimental device reactor or the liquid product collecting part through the pipeline, or enters the catalytic cracking or catalytic cracking experimental device reactor after entering the liquid product collecting part;

[0016] The control part includes raw material tank metering control, reflux raw material tank metering control, raw material oil pump pump control, reflux pump control, separation tank and each connecting pipeline arranged on the heating furnace or thermal compensation belt temperature control, and the above-mentioned heating furnace or thermal compensation belt corresponding to the temperature controller.

[0017] The above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, further, the feed part of the petroleum hydrocarbon separation device also includes a stripping water feed part, the petroleum hydrocarbon separation device adopts water or steam injection into the raw oil, or injects water or steam into the liquid at the bottom of the separation tank to separate the low-boiling point components of petroleum hydrocarbons; the stripping water feed part is provided with a water tank, a water pump and a water vaporization heating furnace, the stripping water passes through the pipeline from the water tank in turn through the water pump and the water vaporization heating furnace to form heated steam, and then enters the separation tank through the steam feed inlet, or / and the heated steam passes through the pipeline in turn through the stripping water pipeline and the raw oil pipeline connecting line to connect the raw oil inlet and the raw oil and enter the separation tank after mixing, so that the stripping water vapor is merged into the heated raw oil pipeline, or the stripping water vapor is simultaneously merged into the heated raw oil feed; or the water pump is connected to the bottom of the separation tank, and water enters the bottom of the separation tank from the water pump outlet; the water tank is placed on a water electronic scale to measure the steam flow or water flow, so as to achieve accurate metering of the stripping water or steam feed. In a specific implementation, the stripping water is heated and enters the steam feed inlet in a water vapor state, and / or is heated and mixed with the heated crude oil liquid in a water vapor state and passes through the crude oil inlet together.

[0018] The above petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device is preferably provided with a gas product collection part and / or a liquid product collection part;

[0019] The gas product collection part includes a light oil or gas product cooler, a light oil component tank, a pipeline, electric heating of the pipeline, a temperature thermocouple outside the pipeline and temperature control. A light oil or gas product cooler is arranged on the pipeline between the gas product outlet and the light oil component tank, or / and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the gas product outlet and the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device, and heat compensation and temperature thermocouples are arranged on the pipeline and the connecting pipeline;

[0020] The liquid product collecting part includes a heavy oil collecting tank, a heavy oil cooler, a pipeline, a pipeline temperature compensation and a temperature thermocouple; a heavy oil cooler is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid product outlet and the heavy oil component tank, or / and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the liquid product outlet and the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device or the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device, and the pipeline and the connecting pipeline are externally provided with thermal compensation and a temperature thermocouple.

[0021] In the above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, preferably, a packing and a demister or a liquid coalescer are provided in the separation tank; the demister or the liquid coalescer is provided above the packing or at the top of the separation tank; the crude oil inlet and the steam feed inlet are located below the packing, and the reflux port is located between the packing and the demister or the liquid coalescer or between two layers of packing. In specific implementation, the reflux port is located above the packing, below the demister or the liquid coalescer, or between the packing layers, and the petroleum hydrocarbons from the reflux port contact the light components rising after separation, the heavy component petroleum hydrocarbons flow downward, and the light petroleum hydrocarbons are in the gas phase and flow upward, realizing the countercurrent flow of the rising gas component and the liquid component, and further separating the heavy components carried by the light petroleum hydrocarbons; preferably, the packing is a structured packing or a bulk packing, and the structured packing is one or more pieces; the bulk packing is a ball ring and / or a Dixon ring.

[0022] In the above petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, preferably, the petroleum hydrocarbon to be separated or the raw oil of the raw oil feed part is crude oil, crude oil after desalting and dehydration, or mixed petroleum hydrocarbons from other sources with a distillation range of 50°C to 500°C; the temperature of the raw oil after heating in the raw oil heating furnace is 120°C to 500°C. More preferably, the temperature of the raw oil after heating is 120°C to 400°C.

[0023] In the above petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, preferably, the reflux raw material of the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is one or more of water, crude oil, desalted and dehydrated crude oil or mixed petroleum hydrocarbons with a distillation range of 200°C to 500°C; the reflux amount of the reflux raw material accounts for 0 to 50% of the raw material feed amount. The reflux raw material is stored in a reflux raw material tank.

[0024] In the above petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, preferably, the pressure of the separation tank is controlled by a pressure controller located on the gas product outlet pipeline or on the top of the separation tank, and the pressure control range is -60Kpa (gauge pressure) ~ 800Kpa (gauge pressure). In specific implementation, if it is to be transported together with the downstream catalytic cracking / catalytic cracking reaction unit, the pressure of the separation tank must be greater than the pressure of the reaction unit to ensure the smooth operation of the reaction unit.

[0025] In the above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, preferably, the amount of stripping steam entering the separation tank from the water tank through the water pump and the water vaporization heater accounts for 0.1% (wt) to 50% (wt) of the amount of flashed raw oil in the flash separation and product collection part, and the temperature of the stripping steam is 100°C to 500°C.

[0026] The above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device is preferably provided with a connecting pipeline between the water pump and the crude oil heating furnace. During specific implementation, the water tank, the water pump and the crude oil heating furnace are sequentially connected to the crude oil inlet through pipelines, so that liquid water is merged into the unheated crude oil pipeline, and after mixing, it is heated in the crude oil heating furnace and then enters the separation tank through the crude oil inlet.

[0027] The above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device preferably has a mixing pipeline between the light oil component tank and the heavy oil component tank, and the mixing pipeline is connected to the raw material tank or the reflux raw material tank; the oil in the light oil component tank and the oil in the heavy oil component tank are mixed at the light and heavy component mixing point on the mixing pipeline, and then enter the raw material tank or the reflux raw material tank. In specific implementation, if it is operated offline, that is, not transported in conjunction with the downstream catalytic cracking / catalytic cracking device, the oil in the light oil component tank and the heavy oil component tank can be discharged from the device or refluxed, and the oil in the light oil component tank and the oil in the heavy oil component tank are mixed at the light and heavy component mixing point on the mixing pipeline, and then enter the raw material tank or the reflux raw material tank; if it is transported in conjunction with the downstream catalytic cracking / catalytic cracking device, before the transport, the light and heavy components need to be mixed at the mixing point before entering the raw material tank or the reflux raw material tank.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The crude oil separation experimental device provided by the present invention realizes the flash separation of crude oil without side-line heat extraction, and solves the problems of low separation rate and poor separation accuracy of the flash tower by means of raw material reflux; the two-component separation by independent raw material reflux avoids the limitation of the separation effect caused by the inability to select the properties of the conventional side-line heat exchange reflux flow; the steam injection method is adopted to significantly improve the separation rate of low-boiling point components and reduce the overlap of components; the separation tank only needs to be provided with a small amount of fillers (or tower plates) to achieve the purpose of crude oil separation; the present invention realizes the gas phase external transmission of the separated low-boiling point components; the operating pressure can be adjusted according to the reaction pressure of the downstream catalytic cracking device, and both the water component carried into the device by the crude oil itself and the water component additionally added by the injection of stripping steam will enter the downstream catalytic cracking reaction device together with the oil and gas at the top of the tower, saving the steam injection pressure of the downstream reactor, and at the same time improving the light oil extraction rate in the separation tank and improving the quality of the separated oil products. The experimental device can be operated offline (i.e. not in conjunction with the downstream riser device) to meet the laboratory's demand for petroleum hydrocarbons in different distillation ranges as experimental raw materials, and can also be operated in conjunction with the downstream riser reaction device to achieve flash separation of the raw oil and directly use it as feed for the reaction device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the third implementation scheme of the petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device of the present invention.

[0033] Numbers in the figure:

[0034] 01 Raw material tank, 02 Raw oil pump, 03 Raw oil heating furnace, 04 Separation tank, 05 Filler, 06 Defoamer or liquid coalescer, 07 Water pump, 08 Water vaporization heating furnace, 09 Pressure controller, 10 Reflux raw material tank, 11 Reflux pump, 12 Raw oil inlet, 13 Gas product outlet, 14 Liquid product outlet, 15 Reflux port, 16 Temperature transmitter 17 Pressure transmitter, 18 Reflux electronic scale, 19 Raw oil electronic scale, 20 Water electronic scale, 21 Water tank, 22 Thermal compensation belt, 23 Light oil or gas product cooler, 24 Stripping water pipeline and raw oil pipeline connecting line, 25 Heavy oil cooler, 26 Steam feed inlet, 27 Heavy oil component tank, 28 Light oil component tank, 29 Light and heavy component mixing point, 30 Pipeline I, 31 Pipeline II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0036] Implementation method 1:

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device is divided into a feed part, a flash separation and product collection part, and a control part;

[0038] The feed part is divided into three routes, including the separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part, the stripping water feed and the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part. The separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part is placed on the raw oil electronic scale 19 through the raw material tank 01, and is connected to the raw oil pump 02, the raw oil heating furnace 03, and the raw oil inlet 12 through pipelines in sequence; the stripping water feed is placed on the water electronic scale 20 through the water tank 21, and is connected to the water pump 07, the water vaporization heating furnace 08, and the steam feed inlet 26 through pipelines in sequence, or the stripping water of the above pipelines enters the raw oil inlet 12 through the stripping water pipeline and the raw oil pipeline connecting line 24 at the same time; the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is placed on the reflux electronic scale 18 through the reflux raw material tank 10, and is connected to the reflux pump 11 and the reflux port 15 through pipelines in sequence;

[0039] The flash separation and product collection part is composed of a built-in separation tank 04, a filler 05, a demister or a liquid coalescer 06, a heavy oil component tank 27, and a light oil component tank 28. The filler 05 and the demister or the liquid coalescer 06 are placed in the separation tank 04. The separation tank 04 is placed vertically. The filler 05 is located in the middle and upper part of the separation tank 04, and the demister or the liquid coalescer 06 is located at the top of the separation tank 04; the gas product outlet 13 is connected to the light oil component tank 28, and a light oil or gas product cooler 23 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the liquid product outlet 14 is connected to the heavy oil component tank 27, and a heavy oil cooler 25 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the separation tank outlet 04 is provided with a temperature transmitter 16, a pressure transmitter 17, and a pressure controller 09;

[0040] The separation tank 04 has 5 openings, which are, from top to bottom, a gas product outlet 13, a reflux port 15, a crude oil inlet 12, a steam feed inlet 26, and a liquid product outlet 14. The gas product outlet 13 is located at the tank top and above the demister or liquid coalescer 06, the liquid product outlet 14 is located at the tank bottom, the reflux port 15 is located between the packing 05 and the demister or liquid coalescer 06, and the crude oil inlet 12 and the steam feed inlet 26 are both located below the packing 05;

[0041] The control part includes metering control of the raw material tank 01, metering control of the reflux raw material tank 10, pump head control of the raw material oil pump 02 and pump head control of the reflux pump 11. The separation tank 04 and each connecting pipeline are equipped with a thermal compensation belt 22 and a corresponding temperature controller.

[0042] During specific implementation, the reflux raw material from the reflux port 15, the petroleum hydrocarbon raw material from the raw oil inlet 12, and the stripping steam from the steam feed inlet 26 enter the separation tank 04 and are separated into light and heavy petroleum hydrocarbon components. The light component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the light oil component tank 28 through the gas product outlet 13 and the light oil or gas product cooler 23; the heavy component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the heavy oil component tank 27 through the liquid product outlet 14 and the heavy oil cooler 25.

[0043] Implementation method 2:

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device is divided into a feed part, a flash separation and product collection part, and a control part;

[0045] The feed part is divided into three routes, including the separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part, the stripping water feed, and the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part. The separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part is placed on the raw oil electronic scale 19 through the raw material tank 01, and is connected to the raw oil pump 02, the raw oil heating furnace 03, and the raw oil inlet 12 through pipelines in sequence; the stripping water feed is placed on the water electronic scale 20 through the water tank 21, and is connected to the water pump 07, the water vaporization heating furnace 08, the steam feed inlet 26 or enters the raw oil inlet 12 through the stripping water pipeline and the raw oil pipeline connecting line 24, and is connected to the pipeline in sequence; the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is placed on the reflux electronic scale 18 through the reflux raw material tank 10, and is connected to the reflux pump 11 and the reflux port 15 in sequence through pipelines;

[0046] The flash separation and product collection part is composed of a built-in separation tank 04, a filler 05, a defoamer or a liquid coalescer 06, a heavy oil component tank 27, and a light oil component tank 28; the gas product outlet 13 is connected to the light oil component tank 28, and a light oil or gas product cooler 23 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the liquid product outlet 14 is connected to the heavy oil component tank 27, and a heavy oil cooler 25 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the separation tank outlet 04 is provided with a temperature transmitter 16, a pressure transmitter 17, and a pressure controller 09; the medium in the light oil component tank 28 and the heavy oil component tank 27 are mixed at the mixing point of the light and heavy components 29 after being connected in line, and enter the reflux raw material tank 10;

[0047] The separation tank 04 has five openings, which are, from top to bottom, the gas product outlet 13, the reflux port 15, the feed oil inlet 12, the steam feed inlet 26, and the liquid product outlet 14;

[0048] The control part includes metering control of the raw material tank 01, metering control of the reflux raw material tank 10, pump head control of the raw material oil pump 02 and pump head control of the reflux pump 11. The separation tank 04 and each connecting pipeline are provided with a thermal compensation belt 22 and a corresponding temperature controller. The structure of other parts of the device is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0049] During specific implementation, the reflux raw material from the reflux port 15, the petroleum hydrocarbon raw material from the raw oil inlet 12, and the stripping steam from the steam feed inlet 26 enter the separation tank 04, and are separated into light and heavy petroleum hydrocarbon components. The light component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the light oil component tank 28 through the gas product outlet 13 and the light oil or gas product cooler 23; the heavy component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the heavy oil component tank 27 through the liquid product outlet 14 and the heavy oil cooler 25; during specific implementation, after the temperature and pressure of the separation tank 04 are adjusted to the set values, the gas product outlet 13 is switched to the raw material inlet I of the riser reaction device outside the device through the pipeline I 30; the liquid product outlet 14 is switched to the raw material inlet II of the riser reaction device outside the device through the pipeline II 31, so as to realize the joint operation with the downstream catalytic cracking experimental device.

[0050] Implementation method three:

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, a petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device is divided into a feed part, a flash separation and product collection part, and a control part;

[0052] The feed part is divided into three routes, including the separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part, the stripping water feed part, and the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part. The separated petroleum hydrocarbon or raw oil feed part is placed on the raw oil electronic scale 19 through the raw material tank 01, and is connected to the raw oil pump 02, the raw oil heating furnace 03, and the raw oil inlet 12 through pipelines in sequence; the stripping water feed part is placed on the water electronic scale 20 through the water tank 21, and is connected to the water pump 07, the water vaporization heating furnace 08, the steam feed inlet 26 or enters the raw oil inlet 12 through the stripping water pipeline and the raw oil pipeline connecting line 24, and is connected to the pipeline in sequence; the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed part is placed on the reflux electronic scale 18 through the reflux raw material tank 10, and is connected to the reflux pump 11 and the reflux port 15 in sequence through pipelines;

[0053] The flash separation and product collection part is composed of a built-in separation tank 04, a filler 05, a defoamer or a liquid coalescer 06, a heavy oil component tank 27, and a light oil component tank 28; the gas product outlet 13 is connected to the light oil component tank 28, and a light oil or gas product cooler 23 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the liquid product outlet 14 is connected to the heavy oil component tank 27, and a heavy oil cooler 25 is provided on the connecting pipeline; the separation tank outlet 04 is provided with a temperature transmitter 16, a pressure transmitter 17, and a pressure controller 09;

[0054] The separation tank 04 has five openings, which are, from top to bottom, the gas product outlet 13, the reflux port 15, the feed oil inlet 12, the steam feed inlet 26, and the liquid product outlet 14;

[0055] The control part includes metering control of the raw material tank 01, metering control of the reflux raw material tank 10, pump head control of the raw material oil pump 02 and pump head control of the reflux pump 11. The separation tank 04 and each connecting pipeline are provided with a thermal compensation belt 22 and a corresponding temperature controller. The liquid product outlet 14 is connected to the raw material inlet II of the riser reaction device outside the device through the pipeline II 31, and the gas product outlet 13 is connected to the raw material inlet I of the riser reaction device outside the device through the pipeline I 30. The structure of other parts of the device is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0056] During specific implementation, the reflux raw material from the reflux port 15, the petroleum hydrocarbon raw material from the raw oil inlet 12, and the stripping steam from the steam feed inlet 26 enter the separation tank 04 and are separated into light and heavy petroleum hydrocarbon components. The light component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the light oil component tank 28 through the gas product outlet 13 and the light oil or gas product cooler 23; the heavy component petroleum hydrocarbons enter the heavy oil component tank 27 through the liquid product outlet 14 and the heavy oil cooler 25; during specific implementation, after the temperature and pressure of the separation tank 04 are adjusted to the set values, the gas product outlet 13 is switched to the raw material inlet I of the riser reaction device through the pipeline I 30; the liquid product outlet 14 is switched to the raw material inlet II of the riser reaction device through the pipeline II 31, so as to realize the joint operation with the downstream catalytic cracking experimental device.

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] The feed rate of petroleum hydrocarbon is 5kg / h, and the operating pressure of the separation tank (flash tank) is 250kpa (gauge pressure); the feed temperature of petroleum hydrocarbon is 340℃, the feed temperature of stripping water is 350℃, the feed rate of stripping water is 300g / h, the feed temperature of reflux raw material is 130℃, the feed rate of reflux raw material is 100g / h, and the reflux raw material is heavy petroleum hydrocarbon with a distillation range of 350℃-500℃. After flash separation, the medium temperature of the light oil component tank is 35℃, and the medium temperature of the heavy oil component tank is 30℃;

[0059] The packing used in the separation tank is Dixon ring;

[0060] The wall of the separation tank is completely covered with a 10mm thick insulation layer, and the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer material is 0.1; the insulation layer is divided into three sections with external thermoelectric heating furnace wires, and the maximum power of each section is 0.99kw, and the power is adjustable;

[0061] The electric heating furnace wire is powered by 220 volts;

[0062] An 80mm thick insulation layer is installed on the outside of each device or the outside of the electric heating furnace wire;

[0063] In this embodiment, the operating temperature of the reactor is 400° C. and the operating pressure is 150 kPa (gauge pressure).

Claims

1. A petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device, characterized in that: The device includes a feed part, a flash separation part and a control part; A reflux raw material is arranged on the top of the separation tank (04) of the petroleum hydrocarbon separation device; the reflux raw material is transported from the reflux raw material tank (10) via a pipeline or a portion of the raw material is directly diverted from the raw material through a pipeline before the raw material oil heating furnace (03) as the reflux raw material; the reflux raw material is one or more of crude oil, desalted and dehydrated crude oil or mixed petroleum hydrocarbons with a distillation range of 200°C to 500°C; The feed portion includes a separated petroleum hydrocarbon or crude oil feed portion, a low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed portion, and / or a stripping water feed portion; The separated petroleum hydrocarbon or crude oil feed portion is provided with a raw material tank (01), a raw material oil pump (02) and a raw material oil heating furnace (03), which are connected to a raw material oil inlet (12) via pipelines in sequence, and the raw material tank (01) is placed on a raw material oil electronic scale (19) to measure the feed amount; The low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed section is provided with a reflux raw material tank (10) and a reflux pump (11), wherein the reflux raw material tank (10) and the reflux pump (11) are connected to the reflux port (15) in sequence through a pipeline, or one end of the reflux raw material tank (10) is connected to the raw material tank (01), and the other end of the reflux raw material tank (10) is connected to the reflux port (15) in sequence through a pipeline, and the reflux raw material tank (10) is placed on a reflux electronic scale (18) for reflux volume measurement; or the low-temperature petroleum hydrocarbon reflux feed section is composed of the raw material tank (01) and the raw material oil pump (02) connected to the reflux port (15) by a pipeline; The flash separation part comprises a separation tank (04), wherein a crude oil inlet (12), a steam feed inlet (26) and a reflux port (15) are all arranged on the separation tank (04); the separation tank (04) is placed vertically; the separation tank (04) is provided with a gas product outlet (13) and a liquid product outlet (14); and a temperature transmitter (16), a pressure transmitter (17) and a pressure controller (09) are arranged at the top of the separation tank (04) or the gas product outlet (13); The gas components separated by the separation tank (04) flow out of the separation tank (04) through a pipeline from a gas product outlet (13) at the top of the separation tank, and then the gas components enter the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device, or enter the gas product collecting part, or enter the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device from the gas product collecting part through a pipeline; The high boiling point component or heavy oil separated by the separation tank (04) flows out of the separation tank (04) from the liquid product outlet (14), and then enters the catalytic cracking experimental device reactor through a pipeline, or enters the liquid product collection part, or enters the liquid product collection part and then enters the catalytic cracking or catalytic cracking experimental device reactor; The control part includes metering control of the raw material tank (01), metering control of the reflux raw material tank (10), pump control of the raw material oil pump (02), control of the reflux pump (11), a heating furnace or a thermal compensation belt (22) arranged on the separation tank (04) and each connecting pipeline, and a temperature controller corresponding to the above-mentioned heating furnace or thermal compensation belt (22).

2. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed part also includes a stripping water feed part, and the petroleum hydrocarbon separation device separates the low-boiling point components of petroleum hydrocarbons by injecting water or steam into the raw oil, or injecting water or steam into the liquid at the bottom of the separation tank (04); The stripping water feeding part is provided with a water tank (21), a water pump (07) and a water vaporization heating furnace (08); the stripping water from the water tank (21) passes through a pipeline in sequence through the water pump (07) and the water vaporization heating furnace (08) to form heated steam, and then enters the separation tank (04) through a steam feeding inlet (26); or / and the heated steam passes through a pipeline in sequence through a stripping water pipeline and a raw oil pipeline connecting line (24) to connect to a raw oil inlet (12) and then enters the separation tank (04) after mixing with the raw oil; or the water pump (07) and the bottom of the separation tank (04) are connected, and water enters the bottom of the separation tank (04) from the outlet of the water pump (07); the water tank (21) is placed on a water electronic scale (20) to measure the steam flow rate or the water flow rate.

3. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Setting up a gas product collecting section and / or a liquid product collecting section; The gas product collection part includes a light oil or gas product cooler (23), a light oil component tank (28), a pipeline, electrical heating of the pipeline, a temperature thermocouple outside the pipeline, and temperature control. The light oil or gas product cooler (23) is arranged on the pipeline between the gas product outlet (13) and the light oil component tank (28), or / and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the gas product outlet (13) and the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device, and the pipeline and the connecting pipeline are provided with heat compensation and temperature thermocouples; The liquid product collecting part comprises a heavy oil component tank (27), a heavy oil cooler (25), a pipeline, a pipeline temperature compensation and a temperature thermocouple; a heavy oil cooler (25) is arranged on the pipeline between the liquid product outlet (14) and the heavy oil component tank (27), or / and a connecting pipeline is arranged between the liquid product outlet (14) and the reactor of the catalytic cracking experimental device, and the pipeline and the connecting pipeline are externally provided with thermal compensation and a temperature thermocouple.

4. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A packing (05) and a demister or a liquid coalescer (06) are arranged in the separation tank (04); the demister or the liquid coalescer (06) is arranged above the packing (05); and the crude oil inlet (12) and the steam feed inlet (26) are located below the packing (05).

5. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The packing (05) is a structured packing or a bulk packing. The structured packing is one or more pieces; the bulk packing is a ball ring and / or a Dickson ring.

6. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separated petroleum hydrocarbons or the raw oil of the raw oil feed part are crude oil, crude oil after desalting and dehydration, or mixed petroleum hydrocarbons with a distillation range of 50°C to 500°C; the temperature of the raw oil after being heated in the raw oil heating furnace (03) is 120°C to 500°C.

7. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux rate of refluxed raw materials accounts for 0~50% of the raw oil feed rate.

8. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of stripping steam entering the separation tank (04) from the water tank (21) through the water pump (07) and the water vaporization heating furnace (08) accounts for 0.1% (wt) to 50% (wt) of the amount of flashed crude oil in the flash separation and product collection part, and the temperature of the stripping steam is 100°C to 500°C.

9. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting pipeline is provided between the water pump (07) and the crude oil heating furnace (03).

10. The petroleum hydrocarbon separation experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mixing pipeline is provided between the light oil component tank (28) and the heavy oil component tank (27), and the mixing pipeline is connected to the raw material tank (01) or the reflux raw material tank (10); the oil product in the light oil component tank (28) and the oil product in the heavy oil component tank (27) are mixed at the light and heavy component mixing point (29) on the mixing pipeline, and then enter the raw material tank (01) or the reflux raw material tank (10).

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