Retractable arch support device and arch support

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of highway engineering tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a collapsible arch frame device, which includes two arch frames arranged circumferentially along the tunnel. Steel plates are provided on both sides of the connection between the two arch frames. Mounting holes are provided on the steel plates, and bolts are inserted through the mounting holes. Elastic members and nuts are sequentially sleeved on the parts of the bolts passing through the two steel plates. The two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the nut and the steel plate to fix the steel plate. A multi-stage tooth structure is provided along the length direction on the side of the steel plate close to the steel arch frame, and a limiting member is fixedly provided at one end of the arch frame close to the steel plate, and the limiting member is meshed and cooperated with the multi-stage tooth structure. By providing the steel plate and the bolt, the two arch frames can be connected. By providing the elastic member and the multi-stage tooth structure, the two arch frames can not only collapse in the radial direction of the tunnel, but also produce relative sliding in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Through the combination of the two deformation and displacement modes, various complex geological rock strata changes can be adapted, and the arch frame can be prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway engineering tunnel construction, and in particular to a retractable arch frame device and an arch frame. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of highway tunnel projects, a composite lining structure of primary support + secondary lining is generally used for enclosure. The primary support generally uses a steel arch frame as the main supporting component, which is made of various types of I-beams. According to different tunnel excavation methods, the arch frame is processed into short sections of different lengths to facilitate on-site installation. After installation, it serves as a rigid load-bearing support component for the initial support to withstand the surrounding rock stress.

[0003] In the prior art, the steel arch frame is composed of multiple sections of interconnected I-beams, and the two adjacent sections of the I-beams are fixedly connected by bolts. When the surrounding rock exerts pressure on the steel arch frame, the steel frame in the prior art can only be passively compressed and cannot actively release and adjust the load of the surrounding rock. After the steel arch frame is directly subjected to force, it will experience large deformation and distortion, which can easily lead to local or different ranges of instability and collapse of the surrounding rock. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a retractable arch device and an arch.

[0005] The present invention provides a retractable arch frame device, comprising two arch frames extending along the circumference of the tunnel and arranged at intervals, steel plates are arranged on both sides of the connection between the two arch frames, mounting holes are arranged on the steel plates, bolts are passed through the mounting holes, elastic members and nuts are sequentially sleeved on the parts of the bolts passing through the two steel plates, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively in contact with the nuts and the steel plates to fix the steel plates;

[0006] A multi-stage tooth structure is provided along the length direction on one side of the steel plate close to the arch frame, and a limit piece is fixedly provided on one end of the arch frame close to the steel plate. The limit piece slides and contacts with the multi-stage tooth structure in the direction in which the two arch frames move toward each other, and meshes with the multi-stage tooth structure in the direction in which the two arch frames move away from each other.

[0007] Optionally, the limiting member is an inclined block, and the inclined block extends along the width direction of the arch frame.

[0008] Optionally, the elastic member is a spring.

[0009] Optionally, the multi-stage tooth structure cooperates with each limiting member in two stages.

[0010] Optionally, a primary tooth structure is provided at both ends of the steel plate, and a secondary tooth structure is provided on one side of the primary tooth structure close to the center of the steel plate.

[0011] Optionally, the multi-stage tooth structure further includes a supporting portion, and two ends of the supporting portion are connected to the secondary tooth structure.

[0012] Optionally, both ends of the steel plate extend to the sides of the two arch frames respectively.

[0013] Optionally, the number of bolts is set to six, and the six bolts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arch frame.

[0014] Optionally, the strength grade of the bolts is 8.8 or 10.9.

[0015] An arch frame includes a plurality of the above-mentioned collapsible arch frame devices, and the plurality of collapsible arch frame devices are connected into an arch body.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] The present disclosure provides a collapsible arch frame device, which includes two arch frames arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Steel plates are provided on both sides of the connection between the two arch frames. Installation holes are provided on the steel plates, and bolts are passed through the installation holes. Elastic members and nuts are sequentially sleeved on the parts of the bolts passing through the two steel plates. The two ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the nut and the steel plate to fix the steel plate. A multi-stage tooth structure is provided on one side of the steel plate close to the steel arch frame along the length direction. A limiting member is fixedly provided at one end of the arch frame close to the steel plate. The limiting member is in sliding contact and cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure in the direction of the two arch frames moving towards each other, and the limiting member is in meshing cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure in the direction of the two arch frames moving away from each other. By providing the steel plate and the bolts, the two arch frames arranged up and down can be connected. By providing the elastic member and the multi-stage tooth structure, the two arch frames can not only collapse in the radial direction of the tunnel, but also produce relative sliding in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Through the combination of these two deformation and displacement methods, various complex geological strata changes can be adapted, and the arch frame can be prevented from being damaged. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing the embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the top view of the collapsible arch frame connection device described in the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 For the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 1 The cross-sectional view along the I-I direction;

[0022] Figure 3For the embodiments of the present disclosure Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the II-II direction in the figure;

[0023] Figure 4 Side view of the collapsible arch connection device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Wherein, 1. Arch; 2. Steel plate; 3. Bolt; 4. Elastic member; 5. Nut; 6. Multi-stage tooth structure; 61. First-stage tooth structure; 62. Second-stage tooth structure; 63. Support part; 7. Limiting member. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the solutions of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0027] The present disclosure provides a collapsible arch device, which includes two arches 1 extending along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and arranged at intervals. On both sides of the connection between the two arches 1, steel plates 2 are provided. The steel plates 2 are provided with mounting holes, and bolts 3 are inserted through the mounting holes. The parts of the bolts 3 passing through the two steel plates 2 are sequentially sleeved with elastic members 4 and nuts 5. The two ends of the elastic member 4 are respectively abutted against the nut 5 and the steel plate 2 to fix the steel plate 2; on one side of the steel plate 2 close to the arch 1, a multi-stage tooth structure 6 is provided along the length direction. A limiting member 7 is fixedly arranged at one end of the arch 1 close to the steel plate 2. The limiting member 7 is in sliding contact and cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure 6 in the direction of the two arches 1 moving towards each other, and the limiting member 7 is in meshing cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure 6 in the direction of the two arches 1 moving away from each other. As Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, two arches 1 are vertically arranged. In order to connect the two arches 1, two steel plates 2 are arranged on the left and right sides of the arch 1. The steel plates 2 are provided with mounting holes. Bolts 3 are passed through the mounting holes between the two steel plates 2. One end of the bolt 3 extends out of the steel plate 2. An elastic member 4 is firstly sleeved on the extended part, and then fixed by a nut 5. In addition, a multi-stage tooth structure 6 is also installed on one side of the steel plate 2. A limiter 7 is arranged on the arch 1. The limiter 7 slides and contacts with the multi-stage tooth structure 6 in the direction in which the two arches 1 move toward each other, and meshes with the multi-stage tooth structure 6 in the direction in which the two arches 1 move away from each other. Through this cooperation, the arch frame 1 can be limited to the position of the multi-stage tooth structure 6, and after the arch frame 1 is subjected to the pressure of the surrounding rock, if the pressure exceeds the pressure resistance of the multi-stage tooth structure 6, the limiter 7 can slide along the multi-stage tooth structure 6, the limiter 7 will be vertically displaced, and the arch frame 1 will be displaced accordingly, and the gap between the arch frames 1 will be reduced to achieve pressure relief, so as to resist the deformation and damage of the rock mass. After the arch frame 1 is subjected to the stress of the surrounding rock, the shear stress along the width direction of the arch frame 1 will also be generated. At this time, relative displacement will occur between the two arch frames 1. By extending the bolt 3 out of the steel plate 2 and sleeved with the elastic member 4 on the extended part, the elastic force of the elastic member 4 is used to make the multi-stage tooth structure 6 and the limiter 7 always keep meshing during the displacement. Therefore, through the arrangement of the multi-stage tooth structure 6 and the elastic member 7, the two arch frames 1 can not only collapse in the radial direction of the tunnel, but also can produce relative sliding in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Through the combination of these two deformation and displacement modes, it can adapt to various complex geological rock changes and avoid the destruction of the arch frame 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the stopper 7 is an inclined block, which extends along the width direction of the arch frame 1. Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the inclined block is a right triangle, and one surface of the inclined block can be connected to the steel arch frame 1 by welding, so that the inclined surface of the inclined block always keeps in contact with the tooth structure.

[0029] Furthermore, the elastic member 4 is a spring. The spring is a high-strength spring. When the shear force on the arch frame 1 does not reach the limit shear force of the multi-stage tooth structure 6, the shear force on the arch frame 1 is transmitted to the spring through the steel plate 2, and the deformation and damage of the rock mass is resisted by the elastic deformation of the spring.

[0030] Moreover, in this embodiment, the multi-stage tooth structure 6 cooperates with each stopper 7 in two stages. The purpose of setting the two stages is to bear and release stress in stages when the arch frame 1 is subjected to surrounding rock stress, reduce the deformation of the arch frame 1, and avoid rigid deformation of the arch frame 1.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, at both ends of the steel plate 2, a primary tooth structure 61 is provided, and a secondary tooth structure 62 is provided on the side of the primary tooth structure 61 close to the center of the steel plate 2. At the beginning of the design, the limiting member 7 is in contact with the primary tooth structure 61, and the primary tooth structure 61 resists stress and deformation. When the stress applied by the surrounding rock to the arch support 1 is greater than the ultimate shear force of the primary tooth, the primary tooth structure 61 is damaged, and both the surrounding rock and the arch support 1 undergo vertical displacement. After releasing a part of the surrounding rock stress through the displacement, the secondary tooth structure 62 bears the remaining stress, so that the overall arch support 1 will not undergo excessive deformation and can continue to support the surrounding rock.

[0032] In this embodiment, the multi-stage tooth structure 6 further includes a support portion 63, and both ends of the support portion 63 are connected to the secondary tooth structure 62. As Figure 3 shown, a support portion 63 is also provided between the two secondary tooth structures 62. The support portion 63 is a trapezoidal structure, so that after the gap between the arch supports 1 is reduced, the rigid deformation of the arch support 1 can be delayed by yielding.

[0033] As Figure 4 shown, both ends of the steel plate 2 extend to the sides of the two arch supports 1 respectively. The bolts 3 are provided on the extended part of the steel plate 2.

[0034] Furthermore, the number of the bolts 3 is set to six, and the six bolts 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arch support 1. As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the bolts 3 are evenly distributed on both sides in the width direction of the arch support 1. By setting the six bolts 3, the steel plate 2 and the arch support 1 can be fastened with high strength.

[0035] Even further, the grade of the bolts 3 is 8.8 or 10.9. 8.8 or 10.9 is a common grade of high-strength bolts 3. Selecting high-strength bolts 3 can withstand greater strength of the surrounding rock pressure.

[0036] This disclosure also includes an arch support, which includes a plurality of the above retractable arch support devices, and the plurality of retractable arch support devices are connected into an arch body.

[0037] The working process of this embodiment:

[0038] When the soft surrounding rock deforms, the stress of the surrounding rock is transmitted to the arch frame 1. The upper arch frame 1 receives a downward force and transmits it. After the lower arch frame 1 is stressed, an upward force is generated. Both of them simultaneously exert a shearing effect on the steel plate 2. When the shearing force is less than the ultimate shearing force of the first tooth structure 61, the first tooth structure 61 and the elastic member 4 resist the stress and resist the occurrence of deformation. When the shearing force is greater than the ultimate shearing force of the first tooth structure 61, the first tooth structure 61 is damaged, and the surrounding rock and the arch frame 1 undergo vertical displacement. After releasing a part of the stress of the surrounding rock through the displacement, the second tooth structure 62 bears the remaining stress, so that the arch frame 1 will not undergo excessive deformation. At the same time, the arch frame 1 can still provide a bearing capacity and continuously support the surrounding rock.

[0039] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0040] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A collapsible arch support device, characterized in that, It includes two arch frames (1) arranged circumferentially along the tunnel. On both sides of the connection of the two arch frames (1), steel plates (2) are provided. Mounting holes are provided on the steel plates (2), and bolts (3) are inserted through the mounting holes. Elastic members (4) and nuts (5) are sequentially sleeved on the parts of the bolts (3) passing through the two steel plates (2). The two ends of the elastic member (4) are respectively abutted against the nut (5) and the steel plate (2) to fix the steel plate (2). The two ends of the steel plate (2) respectively extend to the sides of the two arch frames (1). The number of the bolts (3) is set to six, and the six bolts (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arch frame (1). On one side of the steel plate (2) close to the arch frame (1), a multi-stage tooth structure (6) is provided along the length direction. A limiting member (7) is fixedly provided at one end of the arch frame (1) close to the steel plate (2). The number of levels of cooperation between the multi-stage tooth structure (6) and each limiting member (7) is two. First-stage tooth structures (61) are provided at both ends of the steel plate (2), and second-stage tooth structures (62) are provided on the side of the first-stage tooth structures (61) close to the center of the steel plate (2). The multi-stage tooth structure (6) further includes a support part (63). The two ends of the support part (63) are connected to the second-stage tooth structure (62). The limiting member (7) is an inclined block, which extends along the width direction of the arch frame (1). The limiting member (7) is in sliding contact and cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure (6) in the direction of the two arch frames (1) moving towards each other, and the limiting member (7) is in meshing cooperation with the multi-stage tooth structure (6) in the direction of the two arch frames (1) moving away from each other.

2. The collapsible arch support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic member (4) is a spring.

3. The retractable arch support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strength grade of the bolt (3) is 8.8 or 10.

9.

4. An arch support, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of collapsible arch frame devices as described in any one of claims 1-3, and the plurality of collapsible arch frame devices are connected into an arch body.

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