A method for evaluating the reliability of parts subjected to collision abuse conditions

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions, comprising the following steps: (1) establishing a finite element data model of a metal door sheet metal structure; (2) establishing a finite element data model of a plastic cover structure adapted to the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure; (3) establishing a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample based on the finite element data models of the metal door sheet metal structure and the solid plastic cover structure; and evaluating the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and / or the plastic cover based on the solid metal door simulation part and the solid plastic cover sample by testing and / or finite element analysis. Wherein, when the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal structure in the cover connection area does not exceed the set maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is considered reliable; when the initial venting pressure value of the plastic cover is greater than or equal to the set minimum allowable pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a digital evaluation method, and more particularly to a digital evaluation method for the reliability of a component. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the automotive industry, market and consumer demands for vehicle driving performance, safety performance, and comfort performance have been gradually increasing. To ensure that vehicles meet current regulatory requirements and internal testing standards, many automakers are continuously improving vehicle quality and the passenger experience.

[0003] As is well known, vehicle opening and closing mechanisms are crucial functional components in automobiles, serving to isolate external noise and buffer impacts. Current vehicle opening and closing mechanisms typically include doors and front and rear hoods. These mechanisms are frequently opened and closed during vehicle use and are also the areas most likely to experience initial impacts from external objects. In particular, the collision pressure sensors mounted on the doors detect changes in air pressure caused by side impacts or collisions. To ensure the proper functioning of the air pressure signals on the doors, the door structure must remain completely sealed under normal use and non-collision conditions, and its assembled parts must not detach. These conditions, requiring effective and reliable fit of door components, are collectively referred to as collision abuse conditions.

[0004] Current vehicle design standards do not yet include design guidelines that meet the requirements of abusive crash conditions and conform to the needs of door-related components. This requires extensive data from vehicle experience, and current design guidelines only consider the sealing structure dimensions and assembly fit of components.

[0005] It should be noted that the relationship between the detailed structural dimensions and assembly fit dimensions of parts and the abusive crash test conditions still requires a considerable amount of time to accumulate and form corresponding design guidelines. Furthermore, this abusive crash test condition involves dynamic deformation under different materials and temperatures, and its complexity significantly impacts the accuracy of the design. Currently, there is a lack of relevant design experience, and actual parts still need to undergo multiple rounds of abusive crash tests to continuously optimize them until they pass the tests.

[0006] However, conducting crash abuse tests requires the entire vehicle to be completed and tested in the workshop. The time interval between the completion of data design and the start of crash abuse testing can be as long as 6 months or more. Moreover, a huge amount of human and material resources have already been invested in conducting crash abuse tests. When the abuse test fails, the parts need to be redesigned and optimized, which requires additional equipment modifications and consumes a lot of time, about 2 months per cycle. At the same time, the damage to the parts after the crash abuse test is irreparable, and the R&D personnel need to remanufacture a new vehicle / door. The required testing cycle is very long and will consume huge development costs and time costs for the company.

[0007] In light of the pain points in the current project, the existing finite element simulation technology can only accurately simulate static loads. It cannot take into account the influence of temperature on parts and working conditions. At the same time, the pressure value model for dynamic detachment of parts during dynamic impact load simulation is quite complex. In particular, plastic parts soften at high temperatures, making them more prone to detachment under impact stress, and their performance differs greatly from that at room temperature.

[0008] Therefore, it is crucial to effectively simulate the actual deformation of parts during the early design phase, predict and verify their reliability, and make targeted structural improvements based on actual stress and deformation conditions. This would reduce the number of crash tests, shorten product development cycles, and improve the efficiency of the entire vehicle development process. To this end, this invention develops and designs a novel method for evaluating the reliability of parts under crash and abuse conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision and abuse conditions. This evaluation method can quickly and effectively verify the three-dimensional data of the part's early design, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the design data and reducing the waste of costs and time caused by later engineering changes.

[0010] Furthermore, the evaluation method designed in this invention can take into account the temperature sensitivity of plastic materials, enabling rapid verification of the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions at different temperatures. This can effectively improve the accuracy of predicting experimental results, which is very beneficial for saving prototype vehicle costs and can greatly improve the efficiency of automobile R&D.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for evaluating the reliability of components under collision abuse conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0012] 100: Establish a finite metadata model of the sheet metal structure of the metal door, which has the feature of plastic cover mating;

[0013] 200: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure that is compatible with it;

[0014] 300: Based on the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite element data model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample; based on the solid metal door simulation part and the solid plastic cover sample, evaluate the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and / or the reliability of the plastic cover.

[0015] In assessing the reliability of metal door sheet metal structures, the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model of the metal door sheet metal structure in the cover connection area is obtained, and this maximum deformation value is compared with the set maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to assess the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. When the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is optimized by finite element method. When the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is considered reliable.

[0016] In assessing the reliability of the plastic cover, the initial venting pressure value of the plastic cover is obtained and compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. When the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is optimized using finite element method. When the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

[0017] In the above-described technical solution of this invention, the inventors have designed a method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions. This method can solve the problems of long collision abuse condition testing cycles, complex part modification and optimization cycles, and high costs existing in current technical solutions. The evaluation method designed in this invention can quickly and effectively verify the three-dimensional structural data of parts in the early design stage, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of design data and reducing the waste of costs and time caused by later engineering changes.

[0018] It should be noted that the evaluation method designed in this invention can take into account the temperature sensitivity of plastic materials. It can quickly verify the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions at different temperatures and effectively improve the accuracy of predicting experimental results. This is very beneficial for saving prototype vehicle costs, greatly improving the efficiency of automobile R&D, and has a very good application prospect.

[0019] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, the solid metal door simulator is constructed as a metal container, one side of which is used to install a solid plastic cover sample. A pressure sensor is provided inside the metal container, and the metal container is connected to a pneumatic device through an air inlet. The metal container is also provided with an exhaust valve, and both the solid metal door simulator and the plastic cover are placed inside a temperature chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, step 300 includes evaluating the reliability of the plastic cover based on tests using a solid metal door simulator and a solid plastic cover sample, which includes the following steps:

[0021] 301: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part;

[0022] 302: Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the pressure and duration of air intake in the metal container to obtain pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak.

[0023] 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

[0024] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, step 300 includes: evaluating the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure based on the finite element analysis method, and evaluating the reliability of the plastic cover based on tests of a solid metal door simulator and a solid plastic cover sample, which includes the following steps:

[0025] 301: Apply fixed constraints to the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area of ​​the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. Establish an airbag model between the inner and outer panels of the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. Initially fix all loads and simulate the deformation caused by air pressure changes due to the deformation of the outer panel. Obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the area connected with the cover.

[0026] 302: Compare the maximum deformation value with the maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is considered reliable and proceed to step 303. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the door sheet metal structure.

[0027] 303: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part;

[0028] Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the magnitude and duration of the air intake pressure and air intake time of the metal container to obtain pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak.

[0029] The pressure at which the plastic cover begins to vent is compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, the process returns to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

[0030] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, in step 200, the established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is given plastic material properties with a scaling factor.

[0031] Step 300 includes: evaluating the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and the plastic cover based on the finite element analysis method, which includes the following steps:

[0032] 301: Set at least three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively;

[0033] 302: Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area, apply surface uniform load to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model, simulate the deformation caused by air pressure change, until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak air, obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, and the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak air.

[0034] 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, proceed to step 304. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable and the process ends.

[0035] 304: Compare the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area with the maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the door sheet metal structure using finite element method; if the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum allowable deformation value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element method.

[0036] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, in step 200, the established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is given plastic material properties with a scaling factor.

[0037] Step 300 includes: testing and finite element analysis of solid metal door mockups and solid plastic cover prototypes to evaluate the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and the plastic cover, including the following steps:

[0038] 301: Set at least three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively;

[0039] 302: Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area, apply surface uniform load to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model, simulate the deformation caused by air pressure change, until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak air, obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, and the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak air.

[0040] 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the pressure value at which the vent begins to vent is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, proceed to step 304. If the pressure value at which the vent begins to vent is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable and proceed to step 305.

[0041] 304: Compare the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area with the maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. When the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the door sheet metal structure using finite element method; when the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum allowable deformation value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element method.

[0042] 305: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part;

[0043] 306: Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the magnitude and duration of the air intake pressure and intake time of the metal container to obtain the pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak.

[0044] 307: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

[0045] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, the scaling factor ranges from 3 to 5.

[0046] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, in step 301, the simulated temperatures for normal temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively include at least 23°C, 80°C and -30°C.

[0047] Furthermore, in the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention, the material of the plastic cover is PP+EPDM-TD10.

[0048] Compared with existing technologies, the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) The evaluation method described in this invention can combine the construction of a finite metadata model of metal door sheet metal structure and a finite metadata model of plastic cover structure, and use methods such as cover air pressure test to judge the validity of design data, thereby iteratively optimizing unreasonable design data.

[0050] (2) When using the evaluation method described in this invention to evaluate the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions, there is no need to design the whole vehicle to participate in the test. It does not require waiting for a long period of sheet metal manufacturing, saving valuable project time and effectively saving development costs. It also prevents repeated optimization of metal door sheet metal structure and plastic cover mold due to possible failures.

[0051] (3) Many components in the physical testing device constructed using the evaluation method described in this invention, such as the temperature chamber and pressure sensor, can be reused. Only the panel connected to the plastic cover needs to be replaced.

[0052] (4) The evaluation method described in this invention provides a method for the characteristic properties of plastic materials at different temperatures, and realizes full-condition simulation.

[0053] (5) The evaluation method described in this invention can be applied to different abuse conditions (external stress or air pressure change), and it can perform failure analysis on parts with different materials and parts with different temperature characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 The diagram schematically shows the structure of a car door.

[0055] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the car door, AA'.

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a solid metal door simulator constructed under one embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0057] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the constructed solid metal door simulator and its plastic cover placed in a temperature chamber.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of another embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of another embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of another embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The following will further explain and illustrate the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions according to the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, this explanation and illustration do not constitute an undue limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, a car door is specifically used as the opening and closing component of the vehicle, and a specific reliability assessment of the car door components under collision and abuse conditions is conducted.

[0064] Figure 1 The diagram schematically shows the structure of a car door.

[0065] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the car door, AA'.

[0066] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As can be seen, in the actual design of car doors, the door parts can specifically include: outer door panel 1, inner door panel 2, plastic cover 3, reinforcing plate 4, and inner cavity airbag 5.

[0067] Based on this type of door component, the reliability assessment of the component under collision abuse conditions using the evaluation method designed in this invention may specifically include the following steps 100-300:

[0068] 100: Establish a finite metadata model of the sheet metal structure of the metal door, which has the feature of plastic cover mating.

[0069] 200: Based on the established finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure adapted to it is further established.

[0070] In steps 100 and 200 of the present invention, the operator can establish a three-dimensional structural data model for vehicle development, namely, establish the aforementioned finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure adapted thereto.

[0071] It is important to note that the established finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure includes the inner panel model and the inner panel reinforcement model. This finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure is a complete model, which contains corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges, support components, and other detailed features. These detailed features have a local strengthening and weakening effect on the structure, and can simulate structural deformation as accurately as possible.

[0072] Accordingly, the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure designed in this invention also includes corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges, and other detailed features. The mating relationship between the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure and the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure can be set as a contact mating.

[0073] In this invention, the inventors have built an airbag model in the inner cavity of the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure, and the initial state is that the pressure is uniformly distributed in all directions. It can simulate the changes in model structure and fit caused by changes in the air pressure in the inner cavity, such as deformation of the inner plate and deformation of the cover.

[0074] Of course, in dynamic impact conditions, the finite element model of the metal door sheet metal structure can be assigned carbon steel, a common material with temperature insensitivity. For the finite element model of the plastic cover structure, a viscoelastic material can be assigned: polypropylene (PP) + ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)-TD10. The plastic cover is a key component in the experiment, and the accuracy of its finite element model directly affects the accuracy of the dynamic impact results. Based on the temperature sensitivity of the cover material, this invention, by calibrating material experimental data and combining it with a temperature scaling factor, can optimize the design of finite element models of plastic cover structures applicable to different temperatures.

[0075] The relevant material properties of the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure can be obtained by calibrating the material experimental data of dynamic and static tensile tests at different temperatures.

[0076] It should be noted that PP+EPDM+TD10 is a viscoelastic material, and its yield characteristics are a strain-rate-related thermal activity process. Based on Erying's theory, an improved formula for the material's yield stress can be obtained:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, σ i For internal stress, T is the absolute temperature; K is the Boltzmann constant; V is the activation volume; sin h -1 (x) is an inverse hyperbolic sine function; ∈ * The strain rate is related to the activation energy, where ε represents the strain rate defined by the material itself; n represents the scaling factor.

[0079] Therefore, in the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure designed in this invention, the relevant material properties of the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure can be obtained based on experimental data calibration.

[0080] In some embodiments, based on the material experimental data, the present invention also introduces a temperature scaling factor n, the value of which can preferably be controlled between 3 and 5. This scaling factor n can modify the yield stress finite element characteristic curve of the plastic cover during dynamic impact, thereby more effectively and intuitively characterizing the motion of the plastic cover under dynamic impact conditions.

[0081] 300: Based on the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite element data model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample; evaluate the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and / or the reliability of the plastic cover according to the test and / or finite element analysis methods of the solid metal door simulation part and the solid plastic cover sample.

[0082] When evaluating the reliability of a metal door sheet metal structure, this invention obtains the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model of the metal door sheet metal structure in the cover connection area and compares this maximum deformation value with the set maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to assess whether the door sheet metal structure meets the design and testing requirements. When it is determined that the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is optimized using finite element analysis; when the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is considered reliable.

[0083] Accordingly, when evaluating the reliability of the plastic cover, this invention obtains the initial venting pressure value of the plastic cover and compares it with a set minimum permissible pressure value to assess whether the plastic cover meets the design and testing requirements. If the initial venting pressure value is determined to be lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover needs to be optimized using finite element analysis; if the initial venting pressure value is determined to be greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

[0084] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a solid metal door simulator constructed under one embodiment of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0085] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the constructed solid metal door simulator and its plastic cover placed in a temperature chamber.

[0086] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when implementing the evaluation method described in this invention, the physical metal door simulation component to be constructed can be specifically configured as a metal container 6 with an internal cavity. One side 61 of this metal container has multiple contoured holes 611, which are used to install physical plastic cover samples to simulate the installation state and mating relationship of physical plastic cover samples on the door sheet metal.

[0087] It should be noted that in this invention, both the constructed physical metal door simulation component and the plastic cover are placed inside the temperature chamber 7. The metal container 6 is equipped with a pressure sensor, and its top has an air inlet 62 and an exhaust valve 63, which are connected to a pneumatic device via the air inlet 62. The air inlet 62 and exhaust valve 63 allow for the intake and exhaust of air into the internal cavity of the metal container 6, thereby controlling the internal pressure value, which is displayed by the pneumatic device.

[0088] In this invention, it is possible to specifically establish, as follows: Figure 4The physical testing apparatus shown includes: a physical metal door simulator (i.e., metal container 6), a physical plastic cover sample, a pneumatic device, a pressure sensor, and a temperature chamber 7. The operator can adjust the ambient temperature inside the temperature chamber 7 to control the pressure value of the pneumatic device, thereby measuring the pressure at which the physical plastic cover sample begins to deflate and detach at different temperatures.

[0089] To further illustrate the steps and procedures of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions designed in this invention in practical application, the inventors have provided a detailed description of the technical solution of this invention through four specific embodiments, namely Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4.

[0090] Example 1:

[0091] In this embodiment 1, considering that the sheet metal material and thickness are constant, the door sheet metal structure has clear design principles, good rigidity consistency, and a large number of matching parts, the structure is difficult to freeze in a short time. However, the plastic cover is greatly affected by the size and shape of the holes and is sensitive to temperature. Therefore, in this embodiment, only the plastic cover is subjected to physical testing to conduct reliability analysis and optimization of the plastic cover structure.

[0092] The steps and flow of the evaluation method used in Example 1 can be found in the following document. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the steps in one embodiment (i.e., Example 1) of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions according to the present invention.

[0093] Step S1: Establish a finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure.

[0094] The established finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure is a complete model, containing corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges, support components, and other detailed features. Among these, the detailed features have the effect of locally strengthening or weakening the structure to simulate structural deformation as accurately as possible; in particular, the mounting holes and flange features that match the plastic cover can be used to determine the surrounding environment of the plastic cover.

[0095] Step S2: Establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure.

[0096] The established finite element model of the plastic cover structure is also a complete model, including corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges, and other detailed features. These detailed features have a local strengthening or weakening effect on the structure, in order to simulate structural deformation as accurately as possible.

[0097] Step S3: Create a corresponding solid metal door simulation component. This simulation component consists of a thick, rigid, closed rectangular aluminum container. A localized area on one side retains the features and thickness required to fit the solid plastic cover sample, for mounting and testing. Using PP+EPDM-TD10 material, create a finite element model of the plastic cover structure to fabricate the solid plastic cover sample.

[0098] Step S4: Based on the obtained solid metal door simulator and solid plastic cover sample, a physical testing device is further established. For the established physical testing device, the solid plastic cover sample is installed on the solid metal door simulator, the probe of the pressure test sensor is installed inside the solid metal door simulator through the through hole on the cover, the air pressure device is connected to the air inlet of the solid metal door simulator through the air pipe, and the whole device is placed in the temperature chamber.

[0099] To cover the actual usage environment of the vehicle, the temperature chamber was adjusted to simulate three temperature states: normal temperature 23℃, high temperature 80℃, and low temperature -30℃. At the same time, by adjusting the intake pressure and intake time of the physical metal door simulation component, and using the pressure curves detected by the pressure sensor at different temperatures, the pressure value at which the physical plastic cover sample began to vent was obtained through the pressure curves.

[0100] Step S5: Set the minimum permissible pressure value to 100 mbar. Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the pressure value at which the venting begins is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step S2 and optimize the plastic cover using finite element method.

[0101] Step S6: When the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the solid plastic cover sample structure is considered to meet the requirements, the plastic cover reliability is qualified, and the three-dimensional structure data is frozen.

[0102] Example 2:

[0103] In this embodiment 2, the advantages of each embodiment are combined. Considering the variability of the ambient temperature in the real vehicle, finite element static analysis was performed on the temperature-insensitive metal door sheet metal structure, and physical testing was performed on the temperature-sensitive plastic cover, so as to quickly and accurately complete the structural reliability analysis and optimization.

[0104] The steps and flow of the evaluation method used in Example 2 can be found in the following document. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the steps in another embodiment (i.e., Example 2) of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0105] Step S1: Establish a finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. The established finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure is a complete model, which includes corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges and other detailed features.

[0106] Step S2: Establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure. The established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is a complete model, which includes detailed features such as mounting holes for corresponding fittings, feature ribs, and flanges.

[0107] Step S3: The established finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, in addition to containing important detailed features, is also endowed with metal material properties, and is connected to other components through solder joints and glue or shared nodes.

[0108] Step S4: Apply fixed constraints to the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area of ​​the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure, and establish an airbag model between the inner and outer panels of the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. Initially fix all loads, simulate the deformation caused by air pressure changes due to the deformation of the outer panel, and obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the area connected with the cover.

[0109] Step S5: Compare the maximum deformation value with the maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the effectiveness of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step S1 to optimize the door sheet metal structure and reconstruct the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure.

[0110] Step S6: When the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, it indicates that the door sheet metal structure is reliable. Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample are established.

[0111] Step S7: Based on the obtained solid metal door simulator and solid plastic cover sample, further establish a solid testing device. For the established solid testing device, install the solid plastic cover sample onto the solid metal door simulator, install the probe of the pressure test sensor inside the solid metal door simulator through the through hole on the cover, connect the air pressure device to the air inlet of the solid metal door simulator through the air pipe, and place the whole device inside the temperature chamber.

[0112] To cover the actual usage environment of the vehicle, the temperature chamber was adjusted to simulate three temperature states: normal temperature 23℃, high temperature 80℃, and low temperature -30℃. At the same time, by adjusting the intake pressure and intake time of the physical metal door simulation component, and using the pressure curves detected by the pressure sensor at different temperatures, the pressure value at which the physical plastic cover sample began to vent was obtained through the pressure curves.

[0113] Step S8: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the pressure value at which the venting begins is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step S2 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis.

[0114] Step S9: When the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable, and the three-dimensional structural data is frozen.

[0115] Example 3:

[0116] In this embodiment of Example 3, there is no need to manufacture physical plastic cover prototypes and physical door sheet metal structure prototypes. It has the lowest additional investment cost and the design optimization iteration speed is fast. By setting the material property parameters of the cover at different temperatures, the full working condition simulation is completed using the finite element analysis method.

[0117] The steps and flow of the evaluation method used in Example 3 can be found in the following document. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the steps in another embodiment (i.e., Example 3) of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0118] Step S1: Establish a finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. The established finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure is a complete model, which includes corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges and other detailed features.

[0119] Step S2: Establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure. The established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is a complete model, which includes detailed features such as mounting holes for corresponding fittings, feature ribs, and flanges.

[0120] Step S3: The established finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, in addition to containing important detailed features, is also endowed with metal material properties, and is connected to other components through solder joints and glue or shared nodes.

[0121] Step S4: The established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, in addition to containing important detailed features, is given plastic material properties with a scaling factor; the connection between the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure and the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure is achieved by setting contact properties.

[0122] Step S5: Set three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at 23℃ (normal temperature), 80℃ (high temperature), and -30℃ (low temperature), respectively. Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area. Apply a surface uniform load of 50mbar to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model to simulate deformation caused by air pressure changes. The surface uniform load is continuously increased in 5mbar intervals until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak (with partial disconnection). Obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, as well as the deformation and pressure values ​​at the moment when the plastic cover begins to leak.

[0123] Step S6: Preferably, the minimum permissible pressure value is set to 100 mbar. The pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent is compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. When the pressure value at which the venting begins is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the reliability of the plastic cover is qualified, and proceed to step S8.

[0124] Step S7: When the initial venting pressure value in Step S6 is less than the minimum permissible pressure value, the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area in the finite element simulation is compared with the maximum permissible deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum permissible deformation value, it is necessary to return to Step S1 and optimize the door sheet metal structure using finite element analysis. If the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum permissible deformation value, it is necessary to return to Step S2 and optimize the cover structure using finite element analysis.

[0125] Step S8: Freeze the three-dimensional structural data.

[0126] Example 4:

[0127] In this embodiment 4, the finite element analysis method used in embodiment 3 is adopted, and the physical testing experiment using a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample as in embodiment 2 is also combined, which can verify the reliability of the structure to the greatest extent.

[0128] The steps and flow of the evaluation method used in Example 4 can be found in the detailed description. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the steps in another embodiment (i.e., Example 4) of the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions described in this invention.

[0129] Step S1: Establish a finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. The established finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure is a complete model, which includes corresponding mounting holes for fittings, feature ribs, flanges and other detailed features.

[0130] Step S2: Establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure. The established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is a complete model, which includes detailed features such as mounting holes for corresponding fittings, feature ribs, and flanges.

[0131] Step S3: The established finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, in addition to containing important detailed features, is also endowed with metal material properties, and is connected to other components through solder joints and glue or shared nodes.

[0132] Step S4: The established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, in addition to containing important detailed features, is given plastic material properties with a scaling factor; the connection between the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure and the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure is achieved by setting contact properties.

[0133] Step S5: Set three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at 23℃ (normal temperature), 80℃ (high temperature), and -30℃ (low temperature), respectively. Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area. Apply a surface uniform load of 50mbar to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model to simulate deformation caused by air pressure changes. The surface uniform load is continuously increased in 5mbar intervals until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak (with partial disconnection). Obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, as well as the deformation and pressure values ​​at the moment when the plastic cover begins to leak.

[0134] Step S6: Preferably, the minimum permissible pressure value is set to 100 mbar. The pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent is compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. When the pressure value at which the venting begins is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the reliability of the plastic cover is qualified, and proceed to step S8.

[0135] Step S7: When the initial venting pressure value in Step S6 is less than the minimum permissible pressure value, the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area in the finite element simulation is compared with the maximum permissible deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum permissible deformation value, it is necessary to return to Step S1 and optimize the door sheet metal structure using finite element analysis. If the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum permissible deformation value, it is necessary to return to Step S2 and optimize the cover structure using finite element analysis.

[0136] Step S8: Based on the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal, establish a corresponding solid metal door simulation component. This solid metal door simulation component consists of a thick, rigid, closed aluminum cuboid container. A localized area on one side retains the features and thickness that mate with the solid plastic cover sample, for use in mounting the solid plastic cover sample and conducting tests. Using PP+EPDM-TD10 material, solidify the finite element data model of the plastic cover structure to fabricate the solid plastic cover sample.

[0137] Step S9: Based on the obtained solid metal door simulator and solid plastic cover sample, further establish a solid testing device. For the established solid testing device, install the solid plastic cover sample onto the solid metal door simulator, install the probe of the pressure test sensor inside the solid metal door simulator through the through hole on the cover, connect the air pressure device to the air inlet of the solid metal door simulator through the air pipe, and place the whole device inside the temperature chamber.

[0138] To cover the actual usage environment of the vehicle, the temperature chamber was adjusted to simulate three temperature states: normal temperature 23℃, high temperature 80℃, and low temperature -30℃. At the same time, by adjusting the intake pressure and intake time of the physical metal door simulation component, the pressure curves detected by the pressure sensor at different temperatures were used to obtain the pressure value at which the physical plastic cover sample began to vent.

[0139] Step S10: Set the minimum permissible pressure value to 100 mbar. Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step S2 and optimize the plastic cover using finite element method.

[0140] Step S11: When the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the solid plastic cover sample structure is considered to meet the requirements, the plastic cover reliability is qualified, and the three-dimensional structure data is frozen.

[0141] In summary, it can be seen that the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions designed in this invention can simulate the actual working environment of parts to a great extent, greatly improve the effectiveness of the development data of parts, and significantly increase the pass rate of parts under actual abuse conditions.

[0142] In some preferred embodiments, compared with the verification methods used in traditional technical solutions after the completion of vehicle manufacturing, the evaluation method designed in this invention can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of data development during the independent research and development of vehicles.

[0143] Furthermore, the method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions designed in this invention can be applied to the verification of data reliability under different conditions in various digital R&D processes. It is particularly suitable for failure analysis of parts with different materials and different temperature characteristics under instantaneous external force or air pressure changes.

[0144] It should be noted that the prior art portion of the protection scope of this invention is not limited to the embodiments given in this application. All prior art that does not contradict the solution of this invention, including but not limited to prior patent documents, prior publications, prior public uses, etc., can be included in the protection scope of this invention.

[0145] Furthermore, the combination of the technical features in this case is not limited to the combination methods described in the claims of this case or the combination methods described in the specific embodiments. All technical features described in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless they contradict each other.

[0146] It should also be noted that the embodiments listed above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications made thereto are those that can be directly derived or easily conceived by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention, and should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions, characterized in that, Including the following steps: 100: Establish a finite metadata model of the sheet metal structure of the metal door, which has the feature of plastic cover mating; 200: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure, establish a finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure that is compatible with it; 300: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part; The reliability of the sheet metal structure of the metal door and / or the reliability of the plastic cover are evaluated based on the test and / or finite element analysis methods of the solid metal door simulant and solid plastic cover prototype. In assessing the reliability of metal door sheet metal structures, the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model of the metal door sheet metal structure in the cover connection area is obtained, and this maximum deformation value is compared with the set maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to assess the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. When the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is optimized by finite element method. When the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, the door sheet metal structure is considered reliable. In assessing the reliability of the plastic cover, the initial venting pressure value of the plastic cover is obtained and compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. When the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is optimized using finite element method. When the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

2. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The physical metal door simulator is constructed as a metal container, one side of which is used to mount a physical plastic cover sample. A pressure sensor is installed inside the metal container. The metal container is connected to a pressure device through an air inlet. The metal container is also equipped with an exhaust valve. Both the physical metal door simulator and the plastic cover are placed inside a temperature chamber.

3. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step 300 includes evaluating the reliability of the plastic cover based on tests using a solid metal door simulant and a solid plastic cover prototype, and includes the following steps: 301: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part; 302: Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the pressure and duration of air intake in the metal container to obtain pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak. 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

4. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step 300 includes: evaluating the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure based on the finite element analysis method, and evaluating the reliability of the plastic cover based on tests of a solid metal door simulator and a solid plastic cover sample, which includes the following steps: 301: Apply fixed constraints to the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area of ​​the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. Establish an airbag model between the inner and outer panels of the finite element data model of the metal door sheet metal structure. Initially fix all loads and simulate the deformation caused by air pressure changes due to the deformation of the outer panel. Obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the area connected with the cover. 302: Compare the maximum deformation value with the maximum allowable deformation value of the metal door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value does not exceed the maximum allowable deformation value, the metal door sheet metal structure is considered reliable and proceed to step 303. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the door sheet metal structure. 303: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part; Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the magnitude and duration of the air intake pressure and air intake time of the metal container to obtain pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak. The pressure at which the plastic cover begins to vent is compared with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, the process returns to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

5. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 200, the established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is assigned plastic material properties with a scaling factor; Step 300 includes: evaluating the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and the plastic cover based on the finite element analysis method, which includes the following steps: 301: Set at least three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively; wherein the temperatures that simulate room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively include at least 23℃, 80℃ and -30℃; 302: Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area, apply surface uniform load to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model, simulate the deformation caused by air pressure change, until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak air, obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, and the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak air. 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, proceed to step 304. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable and the process ends. 304: Compare the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area with the maximum allowable deformation value of the door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the door sheet metal structure. If the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the door sheet metal structure using finite element method; if the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum allowable deformation value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element method.

6. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step 200, the established finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure is assigned plastic material properties with a scaling factor; Step 300 includes: testing and finite element analysis of solid metal door mockups and solid plastic cover prototypes to evaluate the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure and the plastic cover, including the following steps: 301: Set at least three different scaling factors to simulate the characteristics of the plastic cover at room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively; wherein the temperatures that simulate room temperature, high temperature and low temperature respectively include at least 23℃, 80℃ and -30℃; 302: Apply fixed constraints to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the lock hole area and hinge reinforcement plate area, apply surface uniform load to the metal door sheet metal finite element data model, simulate the deformation caused by air pressure change, until the plastic cover and sheet metal mating area begin to leak air, obtain the maximum deformation value of the inner plate model of the metal door sheet metal finite element data model in the cover connection area at different temperatures, and the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak air. 303: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the pressure value at which the vent begins to vent is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, proceed to step 304. If the pressure value at which the vent begins to vent is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable and proceed to step 305. 304: Compare the maximum deformation value of the inner panel model in the cover connection area with the maximum allowable deformation value of the metal door sheet metal structure to evaluate the reliability of the metal door sheet metal structure. When the maximum deformation value exceeds the maximum allowable deformation value, return to step 100 to optimize the metal door sheet metal structure using finite element method; when the maximum deformation value is less than or equal to the minimum allowable deformation value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element method. 305: Based on the finite metadata model of the metal door sheet metal structure and the finite metadata model of the plastic cover structure, establish a solid metal door simulation part and a solid plastic cover sample part; 306: Adjust the temperature inside the temperature chamber and the magnitude and duration of the air intake pressure and intake time of the metal container to obtain the pressure curves at different temperatures detected by the pressure sensor, so as to obtain the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to leak. 307: Compare the pressure value at which the plastic cover begins to vent with the set minimum permissible pressure value to evaluate the reliability of the plastic cover. If the initial venting pressure value is lower than the minimum permissible pressure value, return to step 200 to optimize the plastic cover using finite element analysis. If the initial venting pressure value is greater than or equal to the minimum permissible pressure value, the plastic cover is considered reliable.

7. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The scaling factor has a value range of 3-5.

8. The method for evaluating the reliability of parts under collision abuse conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The material of the plastic cover is PP+EPDM-TD10.

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