A solar cell module and a method for preparing the solar cell module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar cell module and a preparation method thereof. The solar cell module includes: a laminate, and a frame disposed on the side surface of the laminate; the laminate includes glass, an encapsulation film and a cell disposed on the first main surface of the glass, and a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film disposed on the second main surface of the glass away from the cell and the side surface of the glass close to the frame; wherein, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film can prevent cations from flowing into the cell; the covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on the second main surface of the glass is greater than the covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass. The solar cell module significantly reduces the PID effect of the solar cell module under a high-voltage system and improves the output power of the solar cell module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts light energy into electrical energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect at the semiconductor interface. It mainly consists of three major parts: solar cell modules (also known as photovoltaic modules), controllers, and inverters. Photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of being safe and reliable, noise-free, pollution-free, not being restricted by the geographical distribution of resources, high energy quality, and short time for obtaining energy. However, the price of realizing solar power generation is basically the same as that of traditional fossil energy. Truly achieving grid parity for photovoltaic power generation has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current photovoltaic commercialization process. Effectively reducing the cost of the photovoltaic system and improving the power generation efficiency will still be the core issues in the future development of the photovoltaic industry.

[0003] As the system voltage increases to 2000V (2000V high-voltage-resistant components and supporting electrical equipment mean lower system costs and higher power generation efficiency. Therefore, the 2000V system voltage will become a new technological trend), at this time, the PID (Potential Induced Degradation) effect that the photovoltaic module has to face will become more serious. Since the PID effect is ultimately reflected in the output power attenuation of the solar cell module, how to design a solar cell module that can meet the PID requirements (IEC TS 62804-1: 2015: 85°C / RH85%, 96 hours, maximum system voltage 2000V, PID ≤ 5%) when working for a long time at 2000V system voltage is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same. A compressive resistance and moisture-proof insulating film is provided on the glass of the solar cell module, which significantly reduces the PID effect of the solar cell module, especially the solar cell module under a high-voltage system, and improves the output power of the solar cell module.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a solar cell module, including: a laminate, and a frame provided on the side of the laminate;

[0007] The laminate includes glass,

[0008] An encapsulation film and a battery cell provided on the first main surface of the glass,

[0009] And, a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film provided on a second main surface of the glass away from the battery cell and on a side surface of the glass close to the frame;

[0010] Wherein, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell;

[0011] A covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on the second main surface of the glass is greater than a covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass.

[0012] Further, the covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on the second main surface of the glass is less than or equal to a distance between a side surface of the battery cell and a side surface of the glass.

[0013] Further, the laminate further includes: a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film provided on a first main surface of the glass, a covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on the first main surface of the glass is greater than a covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film does not cover the entire first main surface of the glass.

[0014] Further, a thickness of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film is 10 nm to 200 nm.

[0015] Further, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film is formed by bonding one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, silicone grease to silicon oxide on the glass surface.

[0016] Further, the solar cell module includes one piece of the glass, and the glass is provided on a front surface of the battery cell;

[0017] Or, the solar cell module includes two pieces of the glass, which are respectively provided on a front surface and a back surface of the battery cell, and at least one piece of the glass is provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on a second main surface away from the battery cell and on a side surface of the glass close to the frame.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, including:

[0019] Step 101: Provide a glass, the glass has a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and side surfaces; generate a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film on the second main surface and the side surfaces of the glass;

[0020] Step 102: Sequentially provide a packaging film and a battery cell on the first main surface of the glass, and form a laminate through lamination;

[0021] Step 103, set a border on the side of the laminate;

[0022] Wherein, the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film can prevent cations from flowing into the cell;

[0023] The covering length of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film on the second main surface of the glass is greater than the covering length of the border on the second main surface of the glass, and the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass.

[0024] Further, the step 101 includes:

[0025] Step 1-1, clean the surface of the glass with a cleaning solution;

[0026] Step 1-2, perform surface activation treatment on the formation area of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film on the glass to break and activate the Si-O bonds on the glass surface;

[0027] Step 1-3, add a treatment agent to the formation area, perform plasma surface treatment on the formation area, so that the treatment agent bonds with the silicon oxide on the surface of the formation area, and perform heat treatment on the formation area to generate the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film.

[0028] Further, the cleaning solution includes one or more of methanol, acetone, and deionized water.

[0029] Further, the treatment agent is one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease.

[0030] Further, the temperature of the heat treatment is 60°C to 150°C, and the time of the heat treatment is 3 min to 10 min.

[0031] Further, the encapsulation film is a polyolefin encapsulation film; the resistivity of the encapsulation film is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0032] Further, the step 103 includes:

[0033] Step 3-1, set a sealant in the card slot of the border;

[0034] Step 3-2, fix the laminate with the border.

[0035] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention, since a compressive resistance and moisture-proof insulating film capable of preventing cations from flowing into the battery cells is provided on the glass of the solar cell module, the high-voltage resistance performance of the insulating film enables the solar cell module to be applicable to a high-voltage system, improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module. The moisture-proof function of the insulating film reduces the PID effect of the solar cell module under the high-voltage system, improving the output power of the solar cell module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a top view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a basic structure of a double-glass solar cell module and an ion transport path model causing the PID effect;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the coverage area of the compressive resistance and moisture-proof insulating film in a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the coverage area of the compressive resistance and moisture-proof insulating film in a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 is a semi-cross-sectional schematic view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0046] 10 - glass; 20 - encapsulation film; 30 - solar cell; 40 - frame

[0047] 50 - compressive resistance and moisture-proof insulating film; 60 - sealant; 70 - cation migration path

[0048] Surface A - the second major surface of the glass

[0049] Side B---the first main surface of the glass; Side C---the side surface of the glass

[0050] D---the covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass

[0051] L---the covering length of the compression-resistant, moisture-resistant and insulating film on the second main surface of the glass Detailed implementation manners

[0052] In the following description and the appended claims, the PID (Potential Induced Degradation) effect is manifested as a leakage current formed between the glass and the encapsulation material when the solar cell module (photovoltaic module) is under high voltage for a long time, which causes a large amount of charges to accumulate on the surface of the solar cell, damaging the passivation effect on the surface of the solar cell, and thus resulting in a phenomenon that the output power of the solar cell module decays by more than 30%. This effect is extremely likely to occur in high-temperature and humid application environments, seriously affecting the power generation and safety of the solar cell module.

[0053] The existing method is to directly coat a hydrophobic film layer on the entire glass surface. Although the hydrophobic function of the hydrophobic film layer can, to a certain extent, reduce the PID effect of the solar cell module in a high-voltage system, the reduction amplitude is not obvious. Especially for the solar cell module applied in a high-voltage system, the PID effect is still relatively high. At the same time, coating the hydrophobic film layer on the entire glass surface results in a relatively low output power of the solar cell module.

[0054] To solve the problem in the prior art that the PID effect of the solar cell module in a high-voltage system is relatively high, resulting in a relatively low output power of the solar cell module, the method for preparing a solar cell module provided by an embodiment of the present invention sets a compression-resistant, moisture-resistant and insulating film on the glass. Among them, the covering length of the compression-resistant, moisture-resistant and insulating film on the second main surface of the glass is greater than the covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass, and the compression-resistant, moisture-resistant and insulating film does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass. The high-voltage resistance performance of the insulating film enables the solar cell module to be applicable to a high-voltage system, improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module. The moisture-resistant function of the insulating film reduces the PID effect of the solar cell module in a high-voltage system, improving the output power of the solar cell module. At the same time, since the insulating film does not completely cover the entire second main surface of the glass, it will not affect the light transmission through the glass, nor will it affect the absorption of light by the battery chip, and thus will not affect the power of the solar cell module. In addition, the preparation process of the solar cell module provided by the embodiment of the present invention is simple, improving the preparation efficiency of the solar cell module and achieving the effects of reducing the process manufacturing difficulty and preparation cost.

[0055] Specifically, to solve the above problems and achieve the above effects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solar cell module. Figures 1 - 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the solar cell module is shown; Figure 4 A top view of the solar cell module is shown. As Figure 1 shown, the solar cell module mainly includes: a laminate, and a frame 40 disposed on the side of the laminate;

[0056] The laminate includes a glass 10,

[0057] a packaging film 20 and a battery cell 30 disposed on the first main surface of the glass 10,

[0058] and a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 disposed on the second main surface of the glass 10 away from the battery cell 30 and the side of the glass 10 close to the frame 40.

[0059] Wherein, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell 30.

[0060] When the solar cell module is under a negative bias voltage, leakage current anode ions (generally Na + ) flow into the battery cell, reducing the parallel resistance of the battery, Figure 5 The basic structure of the double-glass solar cell module and the ion transport path model causing the PID effect are shown. As Figure 5 shown, cations can accumulate on the surface of the battery cell 30 through the illustrated leakage current path (path 70 indicated by the black arrow) (the cations mainly accumulate on the surface of the battery cell 30 from the second main surface of the glass 10 and the edge on the side close to the frame 40), resulting in a higher PID effect. In order to reduce the PID effect of the solar cell module in a high-voltage system, the PID effect can be effectively reduced by cutting off the path for cations to transport to the surface of the solar cell 30, thereby improving the output efficiency of the solar cell. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is disposed on the second main surface of the glass 10 and the side close to the frame to prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell 30.

[0061] The glass used in the solar cell module is usually a cuboid with a relatively thin thickness, including a first main surface and a second main surface disposed opposite to each other, and four side surfaces located between the two main surfaces; usually, frames are installed on all four side surfaces of the glass, and there are also cases where frames are installed on only two or three side surfaces. In the embodiment of the present invention, a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is disposed on the side surface of the glass where the frame 40 is installed. The side surface without the installed frame can be provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 or not.

[0062] The covering length of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10, and the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass 10. Specifically, as Figure 8 shown, the covering length L of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length D of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10. Through the above settings, the moisture-blocking effect in the frame encapsulation area is ensured, thereby reducing the PID effect of the solar cell module in a high-humidity environment.

[0063] Through research, it is found that the cations (generally Na + ) that cause the PID effect of the solar cell module mainly flow into the solar cell from the frame position. Therefore, it is sufficient that the covering length of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40, and it is not necessary to cover the entire second main surface of the glass 10, so as to reduce the influence of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the light transmission, and enable the light to pass through the glass 10 smoothly and be absorbed by the solar cell.

[0064] Furthermore, the covering length of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is less than or equal to the distance between the side surface of the cell 30 and the side surface of the glass 10.

[0065] In the solar cell module, there is a certain distance between the side surface of the cell and the side surface of the glass. Through the above settings, the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film covers this distance without covering the cell, avoiding affecting the light absorption of the cell. Usually, a plurality of cells are included in the solar cell module, and the plurality of cells are arranged in an array form. Those skilled in the art can understand that the side surface of the cell described in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the side surface of the outermost row and outermost column of cells in the cell array close to the frame.

[0066] Furthermore, a sealant 60 is also provided in the card slot of the frame 40. Through the setting of the sealant 60, the laminate is fixed to the frame and plays a role in waterproofing.

[0067] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, the laminate further includes: a moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 provided on the first main surface of the glass 10. The covering length of the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 on the first main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10, and the moisture-resistant and compression-resistant insulating film 50 does not cover the entire first main surface of the glass 10. Specifically, Figure 6 shows Figure 2Schematic diagram of the coverage area of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 provided on the glass 10 in the shown solar cell module, as Figure 6 shown, surface A represents the second major surface of the glass 10 (i.e., the side of the glass 10 away from the cell 30), and surface C represents the side edge of the glass 10 (i.e., the side of the glass 10 close to the frame 40). The compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is provided on the second major surface (i.e., surface A) of the glass 10 and on the side of the glass 10 close to the frame 40 (i.e., surface C), blocking the path for cations to gather from the edge of the glass 10 to the cell 30 under a high-voltage and high-humidity environment, and thus effectively reducing the PID effect under a high-voltage system.

[0068] Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, as Figure 3 shown, the laminate further includes: compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation films 50 respectively provided on the first major surface, the second major surface and the side surfaces of the two pieces of glass 10. Specifically, Figure 7 shown Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the coverage area of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 provided on the glass 10 in the shown solar cell module, as Figure 7 shown, surface B represents the first major surface of the glass 10 (i.e., the side of the glass 10 close to the cell 30). The compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is provided on the side of the glass 10 away from the cell 30 (i.e., surface A), on the side of the glass 10 close to the cell 30 (i.e., surface B), and on the side of the glass 10 close to the frame 40 (i.e., surface C), further blocking the path for cations to gather from the edge of the glass 10 to the cell 30 under a high-voltage and high-humidity environment, and further reducing the PID effect under a high-voltage system.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is 10 nm to 200 nm, such as 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 110 nm, 120 nm, 130 nm, 140 nm, 150 nm, 160 nm, 170 nm, 180 nm, 190 nm. The compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is formed by bonding one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease with the silicon oxide on the surface of the glass 10.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistivity of the encapsulation film provided between the glass 10 and the cell 30 is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0071] The solar cell module is divided into a single-glass module and a double-glass module. In the single-glass module, glass 10 is only provided on the front side (i.e., the light incident surface) of the cell 30, and the back side (i.e., the backlight surface) of the cell 30 is encapsulated with a polymer material backplane. In the double-glass module, glass 10 is provided on both the front and back sides of the cell 30.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the solar cell module is a single-glass module, it only includes one piece of glass 10 provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film as described above, and the glass 10 is provided on the front side of the cell 30;

[0073] When the solar cell module is a double-glass module, the solar cell module includes two pieces of glass 10, which are respectively provided on the front and back sides of the cell 30, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 is provided on at least one second main surface of the glass 10 away from the cell 30 and on the side surface of the glass 10 close to the frame 40.

[0074] That is, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 can be provided on the glass 10 located on the front side of the cell 30, or on the glass 10 located on the back side of the cell 30, or on both pieces of glass 10. And, in the case where the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 is provided on both pieces of glass 10, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 can be provided on both the first main surface and the second main surface of the front glass 10, while the back glass 10 is only provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the second main surface; or the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 can be provided on both the first main surface and the second main surface of the back glass 10, while the front glass 10 is only provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the second main surface; or, both pieces of glass 10 are provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the first main surface and the second main surface (as Figure 3 shown); or, both pieces of glass 10 are only provided with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the second main surface (as Figure 2 shown). Optionally, as Figure 8 shown, the covering width of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the second surface of the back glass is greater than the covering width on the second surface of the front glass.

[0075] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a junction box is also provided on the backplane or the back glass.

[0076] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the above-mentioned solar cell module, Figure 9 which shows a schematic diagram of the main process for preparing the solar cell module. As Figure 9 shown, the preparation method may include the following steps:

[0077] Step 101: Provide glass 10, which has a first major surface, a second major surface opposite the first major surface, and side surfaces; generate a compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the second major surface and the side surfaces of the glass 10;

[0078] Step 102: Sequentially dispose a packaging film 20 and a battery cell 30 on the first major surface of the glass 10, and form a laminate through lamination;

[0079] Step 103: Dispose a frame 40 on the side surface of the laminate;

[0080] Wherein, the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell 30;

[0081] The covering length of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the second major surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second major surface of the glass 10, and the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 does not cover the entire second major surface of the glass 10.

[0082] Regarding the above-mentioned step 101, the specific implementation manners may include:

[0083] Step 1-1: Clean the surface of the glass 10 with a cleaning solution;

[0084] Step 1-2: Perform surface activation treatment on the formation area of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the glass 10, so as to break and activate the Si-O bonds on the surface of the glass 10;

[0085] Step 1-3: Add a treatment agent to the formation area, perform plasma surface treatment on the formation area, so that the treatment agent bonds with the silicon oxide on the surface of the formation area, and perform heat treatment on the formation area to generate the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50.

[0086] The compressive moisture-resistant insulating film refers to an insulating film with high voltage and high humidity resistance. Under the action of an electric field, oxygen / nitrogen is ionized and accelerated by the electric field, and a treatment agent including one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease is bombarded by nitrogen / oxygen ions, so that the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent are broken and then bond with the silicon oxide on the glass surface to generate.

[0087] Among them, the treatment agent is one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease. Under the action of an electric field, oxygen / nitrogen is ionized and accelerated by the electric field. The treatment agent including one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease is bombarded by nitrogen / oxygen ions, so that the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent are broken and bonded with the silicon oxide on the glass surface to form a compressive resistance moisture-insulating film. The temperature of the heat treatment is 60°C to 150°C (such as 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, etc.), and the time of the heat treatment is 3 min to 10 min (such as 4 min, 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, 10 min). After the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent are broken and bonded with the silicon oxide on the glass surface, heat-treating the formed area helps to improve the bonding force between the compressive resistance moisture-insulating film 50 and the glass surface, and thus better exerts its high-voltage resistance and high-humidity resistance effects.

[0088] For the above step 103, the specific implementation manner may include:

[0089] Step 3-1, arranging a sealant 60 in the card slot of the frame 40;

[0090] Step 3-2, fixing the laminate with the frame 40.

[0091] A sealant 60 is arranged in the card slot of the frame 40. By arranging the sealant 60, the laminate is fixed to the frame 40 and plays a waterproof role.

[0092] The solar cell module is divided into a single-glass module and a double-glass module. In the single-glass module, glass 10 is only arranged on the front surface (i.e., the light incident surface) of the battery cell 30, and the back surface (i.e., the backlight surface) of the battery cell 30 is encapsulated with a polymer material backplane. In the double-glass module, glass 10 is arranged on both the front and back surfaces of the battery cell 30.

[0093] Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, in step 102, after sequentially arranging the encapsulation film 20 and the battery cell 30 on the first main surface of the glass 10 and installing the frame 40 on the laminate, the step of installing a junction box on the backplane or the back glass is further included.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, the covering length of the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10. Since the sealant 60 is provided in the card slot of the frame 40, it effectively protects the battery cells from high-voltage and high-humidity application environments and reduces the PID effect. On the other hand, it is also possible to control that the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass 10. Through this setting, the situation where the formation of the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 on the entire glass surface affects the absorption of sunlight and thus reduces the power of the solar cell module is avoided.

[0095] The method for preparing a solar cell module provided by the embodiment of the present invention, due to the provision of a compression-resistant moisture-insulating film capable of preventing cations from flowing into the battery cells on the glass, wherein the covering length of the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film on the second main surface of the glass is greater than the covering length of the frame on the second main surface of the glass, and the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass. The high-voltage resistance performance of the insulating film enables the solar cell module to be applicable to high-voltage systems, improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module. The moisture-blocking function of the insulating film reduces the PID effect of the solar cell module under high-voltage systems, improving the output power of the solar cell module. At the same time, since the insulating film does not completely cover the entire surface of the glass, the power of the solar cell module is increased. In addition, the preparation process of the solar cell module provided by the embodiment of the present invention is simple, improving the preparation efficiency of the solar cell module and reducing the process manufacturing difficulty and preparation cost.

[0096] The following uses several specific embodiments to illustrate in detail the method for preparing a solar cell module provided by the present invention and the obtained solar cell module.

[0097] Embodiment 1:

[0098] Step A1: Clean the surface of the glass 10 with a methanol cleaning solution to remove the oil and impurities on the surface of the glass 10.

[0099] Step B1: Perform a surface activation treatment on the glass surface in the formation region of the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 on the glass 10 to promote the breakage and activation of the Si—O bonds. The formation region of the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film includes the four peripheral regions of one main surface (A surface) of the glass and the four side surfaces (C surfaces).

[0100] Step C1: Apply a treatment agent, which is silicone grease, to the above-mentioned formation region.

[0101] Step D1: Under the action of an electric field, ionize nitrogen / oxygen and accelerate it in the electric field to bombard the treatment agent in the formation region, causing the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent to break and bond with the silicon oxide on the glass surface in the formation region to form the compression-resistant moisture-insulating film 50.

[0102] Step E1: Heat-treat the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 at a heat-treatment temperature of 150 °C for 3 minutes to firmly bond the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 to the glass 10.

[0103] Step F1: Stack the front glass, front encapsulation adhesive film, solar cell, back encapsulation adhesive film, and back glass in sequence, and then perform lamination in a laminator to obtain a laminated component.

[0104] Among them, the front glass uses the glass with a pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film formed through Steps A1 to E1, and the A side with the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film is set away from the solar cell; the back uses the glass without a pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film.

[0105] Both the front encapsulation adhesive film and the back encapsulation adhesive film are polyolefin (PO) encapsulation adhesive films with a resistivity of 1.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0106] Step G1: Set the sealant 60 in the card slot of the frame 40.

[0107] Step H1: Install the frame 40 with the sealant 60 set as above around the laminated component, and then install a junction box on the back glass to prepare the solar cell module as Figure 1 shown.

[0108] Example 2:

[0109] Step A2: Clean the surface of the glass 10 with an acetone cleaning solution to remove the oil and impurities on the surface of the glass 10.

[0110] Step B2: Perform surface activation treatment on the surface of the glass 10 in the formation area of the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 on the glass 10 to promote the breakage and activation of the Si—O bonds. The formation area of the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film includes the peripheral area of one main surface (A surface) of the glass and the four side surfaces (C surfaces).

[0111] Step C2: Apply a treatment agent, which is silicone oil, to the above-mentioned formation area (A surface and C surfaces).

[0112] Step D2: Under the action of an electric field, ionize nitrogen / oxygen and accelerate it in the electric field to bombard the treatment agent in the formation area, causing the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent to break and bond with the silicon oxide on the surface of the glass in the formation area to form the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50.

[0113] Step E2: Heat-treat the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 at a heat-treatment temperature of 130 °C for 5 minutes to firmly bond the pressure-resistant moisture-insulating film 50 to the glass 10.

[0114] Step F2: Stack the front glass, front encapsulation film, solar cell, back encapsulation film, and back glass in sequence, and then perform lamination in a laminator to obtain a laminated component.

[0115] Among them, both the front glass and the back glass are made of glass with a compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film formed through Steps A2 to E2, and the A side with the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film is set away from the solar cell.

[0116] Both the front encapsulation film and the back encapsulation film are polyolefin (PO) encapsulation films, and the resistivity of the encapsulation film 20 is 2.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0117] Step G2: Set the sealant 60 in the card slot of the frame 40.

[0118] Step H2: Install the frame 40 with the sealant 60 set as described above around the laminated component, and then install a junction box on the back glass to prepare the solar cell module as shown Figure 2 in the figure.

[0119] Example 3:

[0120] Step A3: Clean the surface of the glass 10 with a deionized water cleaning solution to remove the oil and impurities on the surface of the glass 10.

[0121] Step B3: Perform a surface activation treatment on the surface of the glass 10 in the formation area of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 to promote the breakage and activation of the Si—O bonds. The formation area of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film includes the four peripheral areas of the two main surfaces (A side and B side) of the glass and the four side surfaces (C side).

[0122] Step C3: Apply a treatment agent on the above-mentioned formation area, and the treatment agent is fluorosilicone oil.

[0123] Step D3: Under the action of an electric field, ionize nitrogen / oxygen and accelerate it in the electric field to bombard the treatment agent in the formation area, so that the long-chain molecules of the treatment agent break and bond with the silicon oxide on the surface of the glass in the formation area to form the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50.

[0124] Step E3: Perform a heat treatment on the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50. The heat treatment temperature is 60°C, and the heat treatment time is 10 min to make the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 firmly bonded to the glass 10.

[0125] Step F3: Stack the front glass, front encapsulation film, solar cell, back encapsulation film, and back glass in sequence, and then perform lamination in a laminator to obtain a laminated component.

[0126] Among them, both the front glass and the back glass are made of glass with a compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film formed through steps A3 to E3.

[0127] The front encapsulation film and the back encapsulation film 20 are polyolefin (PO) encapsulation films, and the resistivity of the encapsulation film 20 is 4.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0128] Step G3: Set the sealant 60 in the card slot of the frame 40.

[0129] Step H3: Install the frame 40 with the sealant 60 set as described above around the lamination, and then install a junction box on the back glass to prepare the Figure 3 solar cell module as shown.

[0130] Example 4:

[0131] Each step of this example is the same as that of Example 3, except that in step E4, heat treatment is used, the heat treatment temperature is 130°C, and the heat treatment time is 10 min.

[0132] Control Example:

[0133] Each step of this example is the same as that of Example 1, except that the step of generating the compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film 50 on the glass 10 (steps A - E) is not performed.

[0134] The solar cell modules of the above examples prepared by the present invention and the untreated conventional solar cell modules were subjected to PID tests according to the standard (IEC TS 62804 - 1:2015, at 85°C / RH85%, 96 hours, maximum system voltage 2000V), and the PID attenuation data are shown in Table 1 below.

[0135]

[0136] From the above test results, it can be seen that for the solar cell modules prepared by the preparation method of the solar cell modules provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by setting a compressive resistance, moisture resistance, and insulation film on the glass that can prevent cations from flowing into the cell, the PID effect of the solar cell modules under a high - voltage system is significantly reduced, and the tested PID ≤ 5%, meeting the corresponding standards.

[0137] The embodiments of the present invention provide the following various technical solutions and combinations of various technical solutions.

[0138] Technical Solution 1: A solar cell module, comprising: a lamination, and a frame 40 provided on the side of the lamination;

[0139] The lamination includes a glass 10,

[0140] An encapsulation film 20 and a battery cell 30 disposed on the first main surface of the glass 10

[0141] And a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 disposed on the second main surface of the glass 10 away from the battery cell 30 and on the side surface of the glass 10 close to the frame 40;

[0142] Wherein, the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell 30;

[0143] The covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass 10.

[0144] Technical solution 2. The solar cell module according to technical solution 1, wherein the covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is less than or equal to the distance between the side surface of the battery cell 30 and the side surface of the glass 10.

[0145] Technical solution 3. The solar cell module according to technical solution 1, wherein the laminate further comprises: a compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 disposed on the first main surface of the glass 10, and the covering length of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 on the first main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 does not cover the entire first main surface of the glass 10.

[0146] Technical solution 4. The solar cell module according to technical solutions 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is 10 nm to 200 nm.

[0147] Technical solution 5. The solar cell module according to technical solutions 1 to 3, wherein the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is formed by bonding one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease to the silica on the surface of the glass 10.

[0148] Technical solution 6. The solar cell module according to technical solution 1, wherein the solar cell module includes one piece of the glass 10, and the glass 10 is disposed on the front side of the battery cell 30;

[0149] Or, the solar cell module includes two pieces of the glass 10, which are respectively disposed on the front side and the back side of the battery cell 30, and the compressive resistance, moisture resistance and insulation film 50 is disposed on the second main surface of at least one piece of the glass 10 away from the battery cell 30 and on the side surface of the glass 10 close to the frame 40.

[0150] Technical solution 7. The method for preparing a solar cell module according to technical solution 1 includes:

[0151] Step 101: Provide glass 10, which has a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and side surfaces; generate a compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface and the side surfaces of the glass 10;

[0152] Step 102: Sequentially arrange a packaging film 20 and a battery cell 30 on the first main surface of the glass 10, and form a laminate through lamination;

[0153] Step 103: Arrange a frame 40 on the side surface of the laminate;

[0154] Wherein, the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell 30;

[0155] The covering length of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the second main surface of the glass 10 is greater than the covering length of the frame 40 on the second main surface of the glass 10, and the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass 10.

[0156] Technical solution 8. The method for preparing a solar cell module according to technical solution 7, wherein step 101 includes:

[0157] Step 1-1: Clean the surface of the glass 10 with a cleaning solution;

[0158] Step 1-2: Perform surface activation treatment on the formation area of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50 on the glass 10 to break and activate the Si-O bonds on the surface of the glass 10;

[0159] Step 1-3: Add a treatment agent to the formation area, perform plasma surface treatment on the formation area, so that the treatment agent bonds with the silicon oxide on the surface of the formation area, and perform heat treatment on the formation area to generate the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film 50.

[0160] Technical solution 9. The method for preparing a solar cell module according to technical solution 8, wherein the cleaning solution includes one or more of methanol, acetone, and deionized water.

[0161] Technical solution 10. The method for preparing a solar cell module according to technical solution 8, wherein the treatment agent is one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease.

[0162] Technical solution 11. The preparation method of the solar cell module according to technical solution 8, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 60°C to 150°C, and the time of the heat treatment is 3 minutes to 10 minutes.

[0163] Technical solution 12. The preparation method of the solar cell module according to technical solution 7, wherein the encapsulation film 20 is a polyolefin encapsulation film; the resistivity of the encapsulation film 20 is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

[0164] Technical solution 13. The preparation method of the solar cell module according to technical solution 7, wherein step 103 includes:

[0165] Step 3-1, arranging a sealant 60 in the card slot of the frame 40;

[0166] Step 3-2, fixing the laminate with the frame 40.

[0167] The introduction provided in the above steps is only used to help understand the method, structure and core idea of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a solar cell module, characterized in that, Comprising: Step 101: Provide a glass (10) having a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and side surfaces; generate a compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) on the second main surface and the side surfaces of the glass (10); Step 102: Sequentially dispose a packaging film (20) and a battery cell (30) on the first main surface of the glass (10), and form a laminate through lamination; Step 103: Dispose a frame (40) on the side surface of the laminate; Wherein, the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell (30); The covering length of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) on the second main surface of the glass (10) is greater than the covering length of the frame (40) on the second main surface of the glass (10), and the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass (10); Wherein, the step 101 includes: Step 1-1: Clean the surface of the glass (10) with a cleaning solution; Step 1-2: Perform a surface activation treatment on the formation region of the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) on the glass (10) to break and activate the Si-O bonds on the surface of the glass (10); Step 1-3: Add a treatment agent to the formation region, perform a plasma surface treatment on the formation region, so that the treatment agent bonds with the silicon oxide on the surface of the formation region, and perform a heat treatment on the formation region to generate the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50).

2. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning solution includes one or more of methanol, acetone, and deionized water.

3. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The treatment agent is one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease.

4. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the heat treatment is 60°C to 150°C, and the time of the heat treatment is 3 min to 10 min.

5. The preparation method of the solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encapsulation film (20) is a polyolefin encapsulation film; the resistivity of the encapsulation film (20) is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 16 Ω·cm.

6. The preparation method of the solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein, The step 103 includes: Step 3-1: Dispose a sealant (60) in the card slot of the frame (40); Step 3-2: Fix the laminate with the frame (40).

7. A solar cell module, characterized in that, Prepared by using the preparation method of the solar cell module according to any one of claims 1-6, the solar cell module includes: a laminate, and a frame (40) disposed on the side surface of the laminate; The laminate includes a glass (10), A packaging film (20) and a battery cell (30) disposed on the first main surface of the glass (10), And a compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) disposed on the second main surface of the glass (10) far from the battery cell (30) and the side surface of the glass (10) close to the frame (40); the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) is formed by bonding one or more of silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, silicone, and silicone grease with the silicon oxide on the surface of the glass (10); Wherein, the compressive moisture-resistant insulating film (50) can prevent cations from flowing into the battery cell (30); The covering length of the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) on the second main surface of the glass (10) is greater than the covering length of the frame (40) on the second main surface of the glass (10), and the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) does not cover the entire second main surface of the glass (10).

8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein, The covering length of the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) on the second main surface of the glass (10) is less than or equal to the distance between the side surface of the cell (30) and the side surface of the glass (10).

9. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein, The laminate further includes: a compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) provided on the first main surface of the glass (10), the covering length of the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) on the first main surface of the glass (10) is greater than the covering length of the frame (40) on the second main surface of the glass (10), and the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) does not cover the entire first main surface of the glass (10).

10. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that The thickness of the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) is 10 nm to 200 nm.

11. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solar cell module includes one piece of the glass (10), and the glass (10) is disposed on the front side of the cell (30). Alternatively, the solar cell module includes two pieces of the glass (10), which are respectively disposed on the front side and the back side of the cell (30), and the compression, moisture resistance and insulation film (50) is provided on at least one of the second main surface of the glass (10) away from the cell (30) and the side surface of the glass (10) close to the frame (40).

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