A wide-area partial discharge monitoring device and method for distribution room

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distribution room wide-area partial discharge monitoring device and method in the technical field of online monitoring of electric power equipment. The distribution room wide-area partial discharge monitoring device includes a conical antenna, a metal sleeve, a grounded metal plate, a metal threaded screw, a spiral stepping motor, an N-type radio frequency adapter, a pan-tilt head and a control processing unit. The method is based on a detection method that combines omnidirectional monitoring and directional detection. Through the design of the mechanical structure, the sensor is switched between directional and omnidirectional. Through the pan-tilt head scanning detection method, the suspected discharge equipment in the distribution room is located. The present invention has global monitoring and discharge source location functions. Compared with simple omnidirectional monitoring, it combines directional detection to achieve the location of suspected discharge equipment. Compared with simple directional detection, the data acquisition and processing volume is reduced, the mechanical wear of the pan-tilt head is also reduced, and the efficiency and reliability of partial discharge detection in the distribution room are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of online monitoring of electric power equipment, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring wide-area partial discharge in a power distribution room. Background Art

[0002] Distribution rooms are crucial for distributing electrical energy, and the operational health of their equipment directly impacts the overall grid's performance. Sudden insulation failures are a major cause of power equipment failure, and their prevention is a core objective of equipment operation and maintenance. Partial discharge, a common condition preceding insulation breakdown, is a key sign of insulation degradation. Partial discharge detection has become a crucial tool for assessing equipment operating status and providing early warning of sudden insulation failures. Currently, online partial discharge monitoring is widely used in power systems. While effectively improving equipment management, it has also gradually exposed the following issues:

[0003] 1) The monitoring terminal lacks intelligence. Currently, monitoring front-ends generally operate in a passive mode, primarily transmitting signals indiscriminately and in real time to the back-end for centralized diagnosis. This mode theoretically avoids missed signal detections. However, given the continuous and intermittent nature of partial discharge, indiscriminate signal collection and transmission inevitably results in excessive back-end data processing pressure, severe false alarms, and significant operational and maintenance pressure.

[0004] 2) System deployment flexibility is limited. Because partial discharge often occurs inside equipment, sensors are typically installed inside the equipment. This approach requires structural changes to the equipment and is suitable for newly commissioned equipment. Sensor installation and maintenance generally require power outages. The long-term presence of sensors increases equipment operational risks.

[0005] 3) Low cost-effectiveness of monitoring. Because partial discharges last for a long time and have a relatively low probability of occurrence, a one-to-one monitoring approach, based on sensors and monitored objects, while highly targeted, is inefficient and difficult to achieve full coverage of power equipment monitoring.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention designs a wide-area partial discharge monitoring device and method for a power distribution room to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide-area partial discharge monitoring device and method for a distribution room. The method is based on a detection method that combines omnidirectional monitoring and directional detection. Through the design of the mechanical structure, the sensor can be switched between directional and omnidirectional. Through the pan-tilt scanning detection method, the suspected discharge equipment in the distribution room can be located.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room, comprising a conical antenna, a metal sleeve, a grounded metal plate, a metal threaded screw, a spiral stepping motor, an N-type radio frequency adapter, a pan / tilt head, and a control processing unit, wherein:

[0009] The conical antenna is a metal conical structure. The radius of the conical antenna is smaller than the inner radius of the metal sleeve and the antenna is insulated from the metal sleeve.

[0010] The metal sleeve is a metal cylindrical structure, mainly used to form a directional antenna structure with the conical antenna;

[0011] The grounding metal plate is a metal disc-shaped structure, which is set at the center of the metal sleeve. It mainly serves as the grounding electrode of the conical antenna and is used to fix the conical antenna so that it can be horizontally extended and retracted in the metal sleeve.

[0012] The metal threaded screw is a screw with metal threads, one end of which is threadedly connected to the grounded metal plate. Under the action of the spiral stepping motor, it can be horizontally extended and retracted to control the position of the conical antenna;

[0013] Spiral stepper motor, mainly used to drive metal threaded screw to rotate;

[0014] N-type RF adapter, mainly used for signal connection between conical antenna and data processing unit;

[0015] The pan / tilt control is mainly used to control the horizontal angle of the metal sleeve. When the conical antenna is directional, it controls the angle at which the conical antenna collects signals.

[0016] The control processing unit is mainly used to control the spiral stepping motor and the pan-tilt head, and collect the electromagnetic wave signals sensed by the antenna.

[0017] Preferably, the conical antenna is mainly used to collect space electromagnetic wave signals, and its operating frequency covers one or more frequency bands within 300-3000 MHz.

[0018] Preferably, the conical antenna is an omnidirectional antenna.

[0019] Preferably, the control processing unit mainly includes: a discharge signal conditioning module, a micro control unit, a power supply module and a data transmission module.

[0020] Preferably, the discharge signal conditioning module is mainly used to condition the collected signal, including amplification, filtering and detection.

[0021] Preferably, the microcontroller unit is a single chip microcomputer or a DSP, which is used for signal acquisition, AD conversion, data preprocessing, and control of the spiral stepping motor and the pan-tilt head.

[0022] Preferably, the data transmission module is mainly used to transmit the collected signals and analysis results to a remote data platform, which can be done by wired communication or wireless communication.

[0023] A method for monitoring wide-area partial discharge in a power distribution room comprises the following steps:

[0024] 1) When the device starts working, in the initial state, the conical antenna is located inside the metal sleeve;

[0025] 2) The spiral stepping motor controls the position of the conical antenna, pushing the entire conical antenna out of the metal sleeve. At this point, the conical antenna becomes an omnidirectional antenna structure.

[0026] 3) The conical antenna collects electromagnetic wave signals in the distribution room, collects the waveform of the partial discharge UHF signal and the spatial electromagnetic noise signal, and transmits the signal to the control processing unit to calculate the amplitude V of the UHF signal. f and background noise average V n , calculate the amplification signal-to-noise ratio K, the calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] 4) Based on the comparison between K and the set threshold Kn, determine whether the collected UHF pulse is an abnormal discharge; if K>Kn, it is considered to be an abnormal discharge pulse; if the number of abnormal discharge pulses n per unit time is greater than the set threshold N, it is determined that abnormal discharge exists in the distribution room;

[0029] 5) The spiral stepping motor controls the position of the conical antenna, shrinking the entire conical antenna into the metal sleeve, at which point the conical antenna becomes a directional antenna structure;

[0030] 6) The PTZ controls the rotation of the conical antenna, collecting the UHF signal once per fixed angle (e.g., ° or °), mainly collecting the amplitude of the UHF signal;

[0031] 7) The PTZ rotates one circle to generate a 360° discharge amplitude cloud map, which can be used to preliminarily determine the suspected discharge direction;

[0032] 8) Based on the distribution of equipment in the power distribution room, preliminarily determine the equipment suspected of discharge;

[0033] 9) The PTZ controls the conical antenna to directional monitor suspected discharge equipment, and the time for directional monitoring is determined based on the importance of the equipment;

[0034] 10) Generate a monitoring report based on the targeted monitoring results.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1) The present invention has the functions of global monitoring and discharge source positioning. Compared with simple omnidirectional monitoring, it combines directional detection to realize the positioning of suspected discharge equipment. Compared with simple directional detection, the monitoring mode of the present invention, which first performs omnidirectional monitoring and then directional detection, avoids blind directional scanning, reduces the data acquisition and processing volume, and also reduces the mechanical wear of the pan-tilt head, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of partial discharge detection in the distribution room.

[0037] 2) The device is flexible to install and can be installed on the wall, roof and other locations of the distribution room.

[0038] 3) The device can realize synchronous monitoring of multiple power equipment, with relatively high monitoring performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the present invention in an omnidirectional antenna state (the conical antenna 1 is entirely outside the metal sleeve 2);

[0042] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the present invention in a directional antenna state (the conical antenna 1 is entirely inside the metal sleeve 2);

[0043] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the device orientation of the present invention.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0045] 1-conical antenna, 2-metal sleeve, 3-ground metal plate, 4-metal threaded screw, 5-spiral stepping motor, 6-N-type RF adapter, 7-pan-tilt head, 8-control processing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 1-4The present invention provides a technical solution: a wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room, comprising a conical antenna 1, a metal sleeve 2, a grounded metal plate 3, a metal threaded screw 4, a spiral stepping motor 5, an N-type radio frequency adapter 6, a pan / tilt 7, and a control processing unit 8, wherein:

[0048] Conical antenna 1 is a metal conical structure. Its radius is smaller than the inner radius of metal sleeve 2 and it is insulated from metal sleeve 2. Conical antenna 1 is primarily used to collect electromagnetic wave signals in space, and its operating frequency covers one or more frequency bands between 300 and 3000 MHz. Conical antenna 1 is omnidirectional.

[0049] The metal sleeve 2 is a metal cylindrical structure, mainly used to form a directional antenna structure with the conical antenna 1;

[0050] The grounding metal plate 3 is a metal disc-shaped structure, which is arranged at the center of the metal sleeve 2. It mainly serves as the grounding electrode of the conical antenna 1 and is used to fix the conical antenna 1 so that it can be horizontally extended and retracted in the metal sleeve 2.

[0051] The metal threaded screw 4 is a screw with metal threads, one end of which is threadedly connected to the grounded metal plate 3. Under the action of the spiral stepping motor 5, it can be horizontally extended and retracted to control the position of the conical antenna 1;

[0052] The spiral stepping motor 5 is mainly used to drive the metal threaded screw 4 to rotate;

[0053] N-type radio frequency adapter 6, mainly used for signal connection between the conical antenna 1 and the data processing unit 8;

[0054] The pan / tilt head 7 is mainly used to control the horizontal angle of the metal sleeve 2 and, when the conical antenna 1 is directional, to control the angle at which the conical antenna 1 collects signals;

[0055] The control processing unit 8 is mainly used to control the spiral stepping motor 5 and the pan-tilt head 7, and collect electromagnetic wave signals induced by the antenna. The control processing unit 8 mainly includes: a discharge signal conditioning module, a micro control unit, a power supply module and a data transmission module. Among them: the discharge signal conditioning module is mainly used to condition the collected signal, including amplification, filtering and detection. The micro control unit is a single-chip microcomputer or a DSP, which is used to collect signals, perform AD conversion, data preprocessing, and control the spiral stepping motor 5 and the pan-tilt head 7. The data transmission module is mainly used to transmit the collected signals and analysis results to a remote data platform, and can adopt wired communication or wireless communication.

[0056] A method for monitoring wide-area partial discharge in a power distribution room comprises the following steps:

[0057] 1) The device starts working. In the initial state, the conical antenna 1 is entirely located inside the metal sleeve 2;

[0058] 2) The spiral stepping motor 5 controls the position of the conical antenna 1, pushing the conical antenna 1 as a whole out of the metal sleeve 2. At this time, the conical antenna 1 becomes an omnidirectional antenna structure;

[0059] 3) The conical antenna 1 collects the electromagnetic wave signal in the power distribution room, the waveform of the partial discharge UHF signal and the spatial electromagnetic noise signal, and transmits the signal to the control processing unit 8 to calculate the amplitude V of the UHF signal. f and background noise average V n , calculate the amplification signal-to-noise ratio K, the calculation formula is:

[0060]

[0061] 4) Based on the comparison between K and the set threshold Kn, determine whether the collected UHF pulse is an abnormal discharge; if K>Kn, it is considered to be an abnormal discharge pulse; if the number of abnormal discharge pulses n per unit time is greater than the set threshold N, it is determined that abnormal discharge exists in the distribution room;

[0062] 5) The spiral stepping motor 5 controls the position of the conical antenna 1, shrinking the entire conical antenna 1 into the interior of the metal sleeve 2. At this time, the conical antenna 1 becomes a directional antenna structure;

[0063] 6) The pan / tilt (7) controls the rotation of the conical antenna 1 to collect the UHF signal once per a fixed angle (e.g., 2° or 5°), mainly collecting the amplitude of the UHF signal;

[0064] 7) The PTZ 7 rotates one circle to generate a 360° discharge amplitude cloud map, and preliminarily determine the suspected discharge direction;

[0065] 8) Based on the distribution of equipment in the power distribution room, preliminarily determine the equipment suspected of discharge;

[0066] 9) The PTZ 7 controls the conical antenna 1 to directional monitor suspected discharge equipment, and the time for directional monitoring is determined based on the importance of the equipment;

[0067] 10) Generate a monitoring report based on the targeted monitoring results.

[0068] Process principle:

[0069] The collection antenna used by the wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for the power distribution room is a conical antenna 1, which is an omnidirectional antenna when the entire antenna is outside the metal sleeve 2 and a directional antenna when the entire antenna is inside the metal sleeve 2.

[0070] The above device realizes the switching between the antenna omnidirectional working mode and the directional working mode through the spiral stepping motor 5, the metal sleeve 2, the metal conical antenna 1 and the like.

[0071] The above device uses the pan-tilt platform 7 to control the collection direction of the conical antenna 1 to achieve scanning detection. Based on the scanning results, the pan-tilt platform 7 is used to achieve directional monitoring of the conical antenna 1.

[0072] The above device includes a control processing unit 8, which is mainly used to control the spiral stepping motor 5 and the pan / tilt head 7, and collect electromagnetic wave signals sensed by the antenna. It mainly includes: a discharge signal conditioning module, a microcontroller unit (MCU), a power supply module, a data transmission module, etc.

[0073] The wide-area partial discharge monitoring method for distribution rooms can detect and locate spatial discharge sources. The specific process includes omnidirectional monitoring, scanning detection and directional monitoring.

[0074] The above method is based on the analysis of the omnidirectional monitoring results of the space electromagnetic field to determine whether to start the scanning test. Specifically, if there is abnormal discharge in the diagnosis space, the scanning test is started.

[0075] The above method diagnoses abnormal discharge in the distribution room based on the number of abnormal discharge pulses per unit time. Specifically, the number of pulses with an excessive signal-to-noise ratio per unit time is counted. If the number of pulses exceeds a set threshold, abnormal discharge is considered to exist in the room.

[0076] The above method determines whether to enable directional monitoring based on an analysis of scanning detection results. Specifically, it determines whether there are abnormal discharge directions in the scanning cloud map, that is, the amplitude of the detection signal in a certain direction is greater than the amplitude of the signals in other directions. The judgment threshold can be determined based on the electromagnetic environment of the distribution room and adjusted in real time.

[0077] The aforementioned method locates suspected discharge devices by combining scanning test results with a device distribution map. Specifically, scanning test-generated UHF signal amplitude cloud maps, combined with a 360-degree amplitude cloud map, allow for a rough estimate of the suspected discharge direction. Combined with the actual distribution of equipment in the distribution room, this allows for a preliminary identification of the suspected discharge device.

[0078] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0079] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conical antenna (1), a metal sleeve (2), a grounded metal plate (3), a metal threaded screw (4), a spiral stepping motor (5), an N-type radio frequency adapter (6), a pan / tilt platform (7) and a control processing unit (8), wherein: The conical antenna (1) is a metal conical structure, the radius of the conical antenna (1) is smaller than the inner radius of the metal sleeve (2), and the conical antenna (1) is insulated from the metal sleeve (2); The metal sleeve (2) is a metal cylindrical structure and is mainly used to form a directional antenna structure with the conical antenna (1); The grounding metal disk (3) is a metal disk-shaped structure, which is arranged at the center of the metal sleeve (2). It mainly serves as the grounding electrode of the conical antenna (1) and is used to fix the conical antenna (1) so that it can be horizontally extended and retracted in the metal sleeve (2); The metal threaded screw (4) is a screw with metal threads, one end of which is threadedly connected to the grounded metal plate (3). Under the action of the spiral stepping motor (5), it can be horizontally extended and retracted to control the position of the conical antenna (1); A spiral stepping motor (5) is mainly used to drive the metal threaded screw (4) to rotate; An N-type radio frequency adapter (6), mainly used for signal connection between the conical antenna (1) and the data processing unit (8); The pan / tilt platform (7) is mainly used to control the horizontal angle of the metal sleeve (2) and, when the conical antenna (1) is directional, to control the angle at which the conical antenna (1) collects signals; A control processing unit (8) is mainly used to control the spiral stepping motor (5) and the pan / tilt platform (7) and collect electromagnetic wave signals induced by the antenna; The spiral stepping motor (5) controls the position of the conical antenna (1) and pushes the conical antenna (1) as a whole out of the metal sleeve (2), at which time the conical antenna (1) becomes an omnidirectional antenna structure; the spiral stepping motor (5) controls the position of the conical antenna (1) and retracts the conical antenna (1) as a whole into the metal sleeve (2), at which time the conical antenna (1) becomes a directional antenna structure; The pan / tilt platform (7) controls the rotation of the conical antenna (1) to determine the discharge direction.

2. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical antenna (1) is mainly used for collecting space electromagnetic wave signals, and its operating frequency covers one or more frequency bands within the range of 300-3000 MHz.

3. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical antenna (1) is an omnidirectional antenna.

4. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control processing unit (8) mainly comprises: a discharge signal conditioning module, a micro control unit, a power supply module and a data transmission module.

5. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge signal conditioning module is mainly used to condition the collected signal, including amplification, filtering and detection.

6. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microcontroller unit is a single chip microcomputer or a DSP, and is used for collecting signals, performing AD conversion, data preprocessing, and controlling the spiral stepping motor (5) and the pan / tilt platform (7).

7. The wide-area partial discharge monitoring device for a power distribution room according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data transmission module is mainly used to transmit the collected signals and analysis results to the remote data platform, which can be done by wired communication or wireless communication.

8. A method for monitoring wide-area partial discharge in a power distribution room, characterized in that: The steps include: 1) The device starts working. In the initial state, the conical antenna (1) is entirely located inside the metal sleeve (2); 2) The spiral stepping motor (5) controls the position of the conical antenna (1) and pushes the conical antenna (1) as a whole out of the metal sleeve (2). At this time, the conical antenna (1) becomes an omnidirectional antenna structure; 3) The conical antenna (1) collects electromagnetic wave signals in the power distribution room, collects the waveform of the partial discharge UHF signal and the spatial electromagnetic noise signal, and transmits the signal to the control processing unit (8) to calculate the amplitude V of the UHF signal. f and background noise average V n , calculate the amplification signal-to-noise ratio K, the calculation formula is: 4) Based on the comparison between K and the set threshold Kn, determine whether the collected UHF pulse is an abnormal discharge; if K>Kn, it is considered to be an abnormal discharge pulse; if the number of abnormal discharge pulses n per unit time is greater than the set threshold N, it is determined that abnormal discharge exists in the distribution room; 5) The spiral stepping motor (5) controls the position of the conical antenna (1) and shrinks the entire conical antenna (1) into the interior of the metal sleeve (2). At this time, the conical antenna (1) becomes a directional antenna structure; 6) The pan / tilt platform (7) controls the rotation of the conical antenna (1) to collect the UHF signal once per fixed angle, mainly collecting the amplitude of the UHF signal; 7) The platform (7) rotates one circle to generate a 360′ discharge amplitude cloud map to preliminarily determine the suspected discharge direction; 8) Based on the distribution of equipment in the power distribution room, preliminarily determine the equipment suspected of discharge; 9) The PTZ (7) controls the conical antenna (1) to directional monitor the suspected discharge equipment and determines the time for directional monitoring based on the importance of the equipment; 10) Generate a monitoring report based on the targeted monitoring results.

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