A pre-supporting method for upward slicing and filling stope of metal mine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of metal mine upward layering filling stope pre-supporting method, it is related to filling mining technical field, solve the roof collapse accident in prior art, column is prone to scratch and dump, column bottom root ore cannot use mechanical equipment cleaning, blasting shock wave strike will cause column loosening Problem, with the beneficial effect of improving the roof and column stability, save the support space after temporary strip drift excavation, specific scheme is as follows: a kind of metal mine upward layering filling stope pre-supporting method, first step mining drift excavation, construction multiple set interval column;Step mining fills before densifying column, from column to temporary strip drift rock face in turn work as filling framework's hook flower net, geotextile and water bag for reducing blasting dust concentration;After temporary strip drift filling, temporary strip drift is carried out two-step mining drift excavation, and the two sides of temporary strip drift do not need to be supported;After stoping is finished, two-step mining filling is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of backfill mining technology, and in particular to a method for pre-supporting upward-layered backfilling stopes in metal mines. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] As mining depths increase, the geostress and deep geological structures, part of the "three highs and one disturbance" phenomenon, lead to fractured surrounding rock in the mining area, severely impacting the safety and efficiency of the longwall face. When using the upward layered backfilling mining method in fractured rock strata, uneven roof surfaces and backfilling techniques during upward horizontal mining often result in non-connection between the mined roadway and the roof. This causes an increase in the unsupported roof span along the roadway direction during the excavation of adjacent roads, making roof collapse more likely. Furthermore, due to the fractured surrounding rock, mining roadways are required to be as narrow as possible, and roof management often relies on pillar support. Sufficient support space must be provided for the roadway, increasing its width. During mechanical equipment operation, the pillars on both sides are prone to scraping and tipping over.

[0004] In addition, after the access road is closed, the ore at the base of the pillar cannot be cleaned by mechanical equipment and can only be cleaned manually, which is labor-intensive and results in a lot of ore loss. Furthermore, due to the narrow access road, the blasting shock wave during blasting can cause the pillar to loosen and collapse, and also damage the adjacent backfill, resulting in a decrease in the stability of the roof and backfill, reduced operational safety, and the collapse of the backfill entering the concentrator, affecting the flotation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a pre-support method for upward layered filling stopes in metal mines, which solves the technical problems in existing technologies such as roof collapse accidents, pillar scraping and tilting, inability to use mechanical equipment to clean ore at the base of pillars, and pillar loosening caused by blasting shock waves.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for pre-supporting an upward-layered backfill stope in a metal mine includes the following steps:

[0008] The excavation of the access road is carried out in one step, and multiple columns with predetermined spacing are constructed.

[0009] Before filling, the columns are reinforced, and the chain link mesh, geotextile and water bags to reduce the concentration of blasting dust are constructed sequentially from the columns to the adjacent rock face of the access road.

[0010] After the access filling, the two-step mining access is excavated, and the two sides of the access do not need to be supported.

[0011] After the end of the recovery, the two-step mining filling is carried out.

[0012] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the distance between the columns is not less than twice the width of the one-step mining access.

[0013] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the distance between the columns after the column densification is less than the width of the access to enhance the support strength.

[0014] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the columns are constructed on both sides of the one-step mining access.

[0015] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the column are provided with a pad, and a wooden wedge is arranged between the pad at the top end and the roof to increase the support area.

[0016] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the crimped mesh is fixed on the columns after the column densification through buckles, and the width of the crimped mesh is adapted to the length of the column.

[0017] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the geotextile is laid on the crimped mesh through a fixing member.

[0018] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the water bag is provided with a hook at the top, and the water bag is hung on the crimped mesh through the hook.

[0019] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the water bag is in a square shape, and each square of the water bag is independent to ensure uniform water distribution.

[0020] The metal mine upward slicing filling stope pre-supporting method as claimed in the above, wherein the filling panel wall needs to be arranged at the access opening during the one-step mining filling and the two-step mining filling.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0022] 1. The invention pre-supports the column in the two-step mining method, solves the problem of roof empty span increase caused by filling without top connection, improves the stability of the roof, and ensures the support strength by adding columns before filling in the one-step mining method. The column and the wire mesh can be poured into the filling body as a filling skeleton, which can improve the stability of the column, avoid the impact of mechanical equipment and blasting shock wave, save the support space after the temporary strip roadway excavation, facilitate the control of the roadway width, prevent the filling slurry from flowing into the gap of the water bag, and reduce the impact of the shock wave on the temporary strip filling body. When the two-step mining is carried out, no additional support is needed, saving the construction steps.

[0023] 2. The water bag is in a square shape, and each water bag square is independent to ensure that the water in the water bag can be evenly distributed, achieving the best effect of reducing blasting dust concentration.

[0024] 3. The pre-supporting technology improves the stability of the roof, and the roadway does not need to be supported during the two-step mining, which can improve the working efficiency of the two-step mining, reduce ore loss, and ensure the safety of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings accompanying the specification of this invention serve to provide a further understanding of the invention, and the illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions serve to explain the invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a pre-supporting method for an upward slicing filling stope in a metal mine.

[0027] Figure 2 is a one-step mining planar layout diagram of an upward horizontal slicing filling stope in the embodiment of the invention.

[0028] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the roadway ③, the roadway ④ and the roadway ⑤ in the embodiment of the invention.

[0029] Figure 4 is a one-step mining planar layout diagram of an upward horizontal slicing filling stope in the embodiment of the invention.

[0030] Figure 5 is a wire mesh construction structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.

[0031] Figure 6 is a water bag structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the invention.

[0032] Figure 7 is a two-step mining planar layout diagram of an upward horizontal slicing filling stope in the embodiment of the invention.

[0033] The mutual distance or size is exaggerated for showing the position of each part, and the schematic view is only for illustration.

[0034] Wherein: 1. filling body, 2. column, 2-1. timbering, 2-2. wedge, 3. filling board wall, 4. stope haulage roadway, 5. sublevel crossway, 6. water bag, 6-1. water 6-2. hook, 7. lath net 7-1. buckle, 8. geotextile, 9. rock mass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0036] As introduced in the background, the existing technology has the problems of roof collapse, column scratching and falling, and column root rock cannot be cleaned by mechanical equipment, and the blasting shock wave will cause the column to loosen. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a metal mine upward sublevel filling stope pre-supporting method.

[0037] Example one

[0038] In a typical embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 1-7 A metal mine upward sublevel filling stope pre-supporting method is provided, which is suitable for single-layer two-step mining method, and includes the following steps:

[0039] First, the one-step mining roadway is excavated for mining, as shown in Figure 2 The rock mass 9 of the single-layer stope is divided into 7 ways in this embodiment, and the one-step mining roadway and the two-step mining roadway are staggered, wherein the one-step mining roadway is ①, ③, ⑤ and ⑦, and the two-step mining roadway is ②, ④ and ⑥,

[0040] During the one-step mining construction, the one-step mining construction ①, ③, ⑤ and ⑦, and the roadway support uses the column 2, and the column 2 is constructed on both sides of the one-step mining ①, ③, ⑤ and ⑦, thereby supporting the roof of the one-step mining roadway. In order to prevent the column from scratching and falling when the mechanical equipment such as the shovel truck and the rock drilling jumbo is working, the distance between the columns 2 should be not less than twice the width of the roadway during the one-step mining, which also solves the problem of increasing the width of the roadway and the difficulty of roof management caused by leaving enough support space.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4As shown, when the construction of the pillar 2 is in progress, the top and bottom ends of the pillar 2 are provided with the timber 2-1, the timber 2-1 at the bottom end is used to increase the contact area with the ground of the access, and the stability of the support is improved, the timber 2-1 at the top end is provided with the wedge 2-2 between the timber 2-1 and the top plate to increase the supporting area, and the wedge 2-2 can also be fixed firmly to ensure the stability of the support of the top plate.

[0042] The pillar 2 of the embodiment is preferably a wooden pillar.

[0043] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 7 , after the stoping is completed, the pillar 2 constructed in the one-step stoping needs to be reinforced before the construction of the filling board wall 3 at the one-step stoping access, the distance between the reinforced pillars 2 is less than the width of the access, and the timbers and wedges are also constructed to ensure that the filling of the mined access does not appear to be not topped.

[0044] The materials and equipment required during the construction are transported from the layered communication passage 5 at the access to the drawpoint roadway 4, and the mined ore is also transported from here to the outside, the construction of the filling board wall 3 is to block the one-step stoping access to ensure that the access does not leak grout, thereby preparing for the filling.

[0045] In order to ensure that the side of the one-step stoping access close to the two-step stoping access does not leak grout, the reinforced pillar 2 is sequentially constructed with the crisscrossed net 7 as the filling skeleton, the geotextile 6 to prevent the outflow of the filling slurry, and the water bag 6 to reduce the concentration of blasting dust from the pillar 2 to the rock face of the adjacent access. The adjacent access of the embodiment refers to the two-step stoping access.

[0046] After the construction of the crisscrossed net, the geotextile and the water bag is completed, the filling of the one-step stoping access can be carried out, and the filling is the prior art.

[0047] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a plurality of crisscrossed nets 7 are fixed on the reinforced pillars 2 by buckles 7-1, the width of the crisscrossed net 7 is adapted to the length of the pillar 2, the buckles 7-1 fix the adjacent crisscrossed nets 7 on the pillars 2, the crisscrossed net 7 functions as the filling skeleton together with the pillars 2 to improve the overall strength around the filling, thereby reducing the influence of the blasting shock wave on the filling body 1 during the two-step stoping. At the same time, the risk of the pillars 2 loosening and toppling caused by the blasting shock wave is reduced, and the stability of the top plate and the filling is ensured.

[0048] The geotextile 8 is laid on the crisscrossed net by the fixing member, which prevents the filling slurry from flowing into the gap between the water bags, ensures the flatness of the wall of the filling body 1, and improves the stability of the filling body 1. The fixing member can be a fixing nail, which penetrates through the geotextile 8 and is fixed on the pillar 2.

[0049] As shown in Figure 6As shown, the water bag 6 is provided with two hooks 6-2 at the top, and the water bag is hung on the mesh 7 through the hooks 6-2. In actual construction, a plurality of water bags 6 are arranged in a row on the outside of the geotextile according to the weight that can be supported by the hooks, and the water bag 6 is pre-laid between the filling body and the rock mass, so that the water bag 6 is broken under the action of the shock wave when the temporary support is blasted, the water 6-1 in the water bag 6 can reduce the concentration of blasting dust, and can also play a role in buffering the shock wave, reducing the impact damage of the shock wave on the temporary support filling body, and ensuring the stability of the filling body 1.

[0050] It can be understood that, in order to ensure that the water in the water bag 6 can be uniformly distributed and achieve the best effect of reducing the concentration of blasting dust, the water bag is in a square shape, each water bag square is independent, and the area of each square is determined according to the actual construction condition.

[0051] In one-step mining and filling, the column 2 is cast in the filling body 1, which can improve the stability of the column 2, avoid the influence of mechanical equipment scratching and blasting shock wave, save the supporting space after the temporary support access is excavated, and facilitate the control of the access width.

[0052] The geotextile 8, the mesh 7 and the water bag 6 of the embodiment can also prevent the collapsed filling body 1 from entering the two-step mining access, improve the quality of the mined ore, and will not affect the ore flotation plant.

[0053] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 After the access is filled, the two-step mining access is excavated, and the two sides of the access do not need to be supported. After the mining is completed, the two-step mining and filling are carried out.

[0054] The pre-supporting technology improves the stability of the roof in one-step mining, and the access does not need to be supported again in two-step mining. The construction steps of the column, the mesh, the geotextile and the water bag are removed, the working efficiency of two-step mining is improved, the column bottom ore in the two-step mining access cannot be cleaned by mechanical equipment, the ore loss is reduced, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

[0055] After the two-step mining is completed, the filling panel wall 3 is arranged at the access, and the two-step mining access is filled to complete the mining work of the layer.

[0056] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for pre-supporting an upward slicing stope of a metal mine, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Excavating a one-step advancing roadway and constructing multiple pillars with a set interval; The interval of the pillars is not less than twice the width of the one-step advancing roadway when the one-step advancing roadway is excavated; The pillars are reinforced before one-step filling, and the reinforcing structure is formed by a crisscrossed net, a geotextile and a water bag in sequence from the pillar to the rock wall of the temporary support advancing roadway; The interval of the pillars after the reinforcement is less than the width of the advancing roadway to enhance the supporting strength; The pillars are poured into the filling body when the one-step filling is performed; The two-step advancing roadway is excavated after the advancing roadway is filled, and the two sides of the advancing roadway do not need to be supported; The two-step filling is performed after the stoping is completed; The crisscrossed net is fixed on the reinforced pillars by buckles, and the width of the crisscrossed net is adapted to the length of the pillars.

2. A method for pre-supporting an upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pillars are constructed on the two sides of the one-step advancing roadway.

3. A method for pre-supporting in an upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Wooden wedges are arranged between the top wooden pads and the roof to increase the supporting area.

4. The method for pre-supporting in the upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geotextile is laid on the crisscrossed net by a fixing member.

5. A method of pre-supporting in an upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water bag is hung on the crisscrossed net by a hook arranged on the top of the water bag.

6. A method of pre-supporting in an upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water bag is in a square shape, and each square of the water bag is independent to ensure uniform water distribution.

7. The method for pre-supporting in the upward slicing and filling stope of a metal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filling board wall is arranged at the entrance of the advancing roadway when the one-step filling and the two-step filling are performed.

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