Processing equipment and method for a long cylinder with multiple key grooves

Abstract

The present invention discloses a processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways, belonging to the technical field of mechanical design. It includes a guiding shaft, a frame, a positioning block, and a broach. Among them, the guiding shaft is provided with a first keyway and a second keyway, and the first keyway and the second keyway are symmetrically arranged. The guiding shaft penetrates through the workpiece to be processed. The frame is detachably connected to the guiding shaft and abuts against the workpiece to be processed, and is used to support the guiding shaft. The frame is provided with a tool passing hole that communicates with both the first keyway and the second keyway at the same time. The positioning block is arranged in the first keyway. The broach is arranged in the second keyway and is slidably connected to the guiding shaft, and the broach penetrates through the tool passing hole. The present invention also provides a processing method for a double keyway of a long cylinder. This method is a processing technology method for a double keyway of a long cylinder and ensuring the symmetry of the keyway, aiming at the symmetry requirement for the processing of the double keyway of the long cylinder of the electric cylinder, solving the problem of the symmetry of the keyway, with remarkable effect and suitable for wide promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design, and particularly relates to a processing device and a processing method for a long cylinder barrel with multiple key grooves. Background Art

[0002] Electric cylinders are widely used in the actuators of special vehicles. Regarding the symmetry requirement for the processing of double key grooves on the long cylinder barrel of the electric cylinder, because the length of the cylinder barrel of the electric cylinder is very long and the double key groove structure is distributed in the inner hole, and the symmetry of the key groove is required to be within 0.05. Due to the characteristic of the long cylinder barrel, the common key groove processing methods are not applicable. The common key groove processing methods include wire cutting, gear shaping, planing and other processes. Due to the characteristic of the long cylinder barrel, the wire cutting process cannot guarantee the symmetry of the key groove, and for processes such as planing and gear shaping, due to the insufficient rigidity of the tool, the key groove sizes processed before and after are inconsistent, seriously affecting the use of the product.

[0003] For mass production of products, there is currently no better process method to solve the above problems, which has become a bottleneck in mass production of products. It is necessary to develop a device and a processing method to ensure the symmetry of the key groove. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above defects, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a processing device and a processing method for a long cylinder barrel with multiple key grooves to solve the problems existing in the current technology that the symmetry of the double key grooves cannot be guaranteed during mass production of long cylinder barrels; the existing grooving equipment has insufficient rigidity and cannot be used for a long time, affecting the operation efficiency and the key groove sizes on the product are inconsistent before and after, affecting the use of the product.

[0005] The present invention provides a processing device for a long cylinder barrel with multiple key grooves, including:

[0006] A guide shaft is provided with a first key groove and a second key groove, the first key groove and the second key groove are symmetrically arranged, the guide shaft penetrates through the workpiece to be processed and is used for supporting and fixing the workpiece to be processed;

[0007] A frame is detachably connected to the guide shaft and abuts against the workpiece to be processed, and is used for supporting the guide shaft. The frame is provided with a tool passing hole that communicates with both the first key groove and the second key groove;

[0008] A positioning block is arranged in the first key groove and is used for fixing the relative position between the workpiece to be processed and the guide shaft;

[0009] A broach is arranged in the second key groove and is slidably connected to the guide shaft. The broach penetrates through the tool passing hole and is used for processing a groove at the corresponding position of the workpiece to be processed.

[0010] Preferably, mounting holes are provided on the frame, the guide shaft is detachably connected to the frame through a first fastener, the first fastener passes through the mounting hole and is threadedly connected to the guide shaft, and two mounting holes are provided and are respectively arranged on both sides of the tool passing hole.

[0011] Preferably, both the first keyway and the second keyway are rectangular long grooves, and the positioning block is a cuboid-shaped structure adapted to the first keyway; the first keyway and the second keyway have the same size; the broach includes a moving part slidably connected to the second keyway, the moving part is a cuboid-shaped structure adapted to the second keyway, and a serrated part is connected to one side of the moving part away from the second keyway, and a plurality of serrated parts are arranged along the direction of the second keyway for machining a groove on the workpiece to be machined.

[0012] Preferably, clamping components are further symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide shaft, and the clamping components include:

[0013] A clamping block, which abuts against the workpiece to be machined and is used for fixing the relative position of the guide shaft and the workpiece to be machined. A clamping groove is provided on the clamping block, and the clamping groove is an arc-shaped structure;

[0014] A driving column, which is connected to the clamping block, and an adjusting hole is provided on the frame, and the driving column passes through the adjusting hole;

[0015] A driver, which is connected to the frame, the driving column passes through the adjusting hole and is connected to the driver, and the driver is used for driving the driving column to move along the direction of the adjusting hole.

[0016] Preferably, an adjusting component is further included, and the adjusting component includes:

[0017] An adjusting member, which is slidably connected to both the frame and the guide shaft and passes through the adjusting hole. The adjusting member is symmetrically arranged along the guide shaft. A first air hole and a second air hole communicating with the first air hole are provided on the guide shaft, and the adjusting member moves along the direction of the second air hole;

[0018] An air inflation component, which is connected to the frame and communicates with the first air hole, and the air inflation component is connected to the adjusting member for driving the adjusting member to abut against the workpiece to be machined;

[0019] A restoring member, which is connected to both the adjusting member and the guide shaft for controlling the adjusting member to return to the initial state when not inflated;

[0020] A grooving adapter, which is detachably connected to the guide shaft. A third keyway is provided on the grooving adapter, and the workpiece to be machined is sleeved on the adjusting member and the grooving adapter.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a pulling component connected to the frame, and the pulling component includes:

[0022] A pulling driving part, connected to the broach, for driving the broach to move along the second keyway;

[0023] A lifting driving part, connected to the pulling driving part, for driving the pulling driving part to move up and down;

[0024] A support plate, connected to both the lifting driving part and the frame, for supporting the lifting driving part.

[0025] Preferably, the adjusting part includes:

[0026] A support part, the side away from the guide shaft abuts against the workpiece to be processed, and a receiving groove for receiving the support part is provided on the guide shaft;

[0027] A sliding column, integrally formed with the support part and disposed in the second air vent hole, the sliding column slides along the second air vent hole and is connected to the restoring part;

[0028] A driving part, one end is connected to the support part, and the other end passes through the adjusting hole and is connected to the inflating component, and the inflating component is used to drive the driving part to move along the adjusting hole.

[0029] Preferably, the grooving adapter includes:

[0030] A clamping part, which is clamped with the first keyway or the second keyway, and the clamping part is adaptively arranged with the first keyway;

[0031] An adapting part, integrally formed with the clamping part, the adapting part is in a fan-shaped ring structure, the inner arc surface of the adapting part is adaptively arranged with the outer surface of the guide shaft, and the third keyway is provided on the arc surface on the other side;

[0032] An installation part, integrally formed with both the clamping part and the adapting part, the installation part is arranged at one end of the clamping part away from the frame, a fixing hole is provided on the installation part, and a second fastener threadedly connected to the guide shaft is connected to the fixing hole.

[0033] Preferably, an elastic layer abutting against the workpiece to be processed is provided in the clamping groove, anti-slip lines are provided on the elastic layer, and the elastic layer is used to increase the friction between the clamping block and the workpiece to be processed.

[0034] The present invention also provides a processing method for double key grooves of a long cylinder barrel. The double key groove processing is carried out by applying the processing equipment for multiple key grooves of a long cylinder barrel described in any one of the above. The specific steps are as follows: fix the guiding shaft on the frame; control the broach to move in the first key groove of the guiding shaft to form the first cylinder key groove of the long cylinder barrel; then insert the positioning block between the formed cylinder key groove and the first key groove; control the broach to move in the second key groove of the guiding shaft again to form the second cylinder key groove of the long cylinder barrel, that is, two cylinder key grooves with symmetry within the specified range are processed on the long cylinder barrel.

[0035] As can be seen from the above solution, the processing equipment for multiple key grooves of a long cylinder barrel provided by the present invention is applicable to the processing of deep hole key grooves. Through the setting of the first key groove and the second key groove on the guiding shaft, the symmetry of the processed double key grooves is high; the key grooves are processed by the broach, and the structure of the broach is more stable and not easily damaged, which is suitable for mass production, and the effect of the processed key grooves is better; through the fixing method of the positioning block, the structure is simple, the installation and disassembly are more convenient, and the operation efficiency is effectively improved. The present invention also provides a processing method for double key grooves of a long cylinder barrel. This method is a processing technology for double key grooves of an electric cylinder long cylinder barrel to meet the symmetry requirement and ensure the symmetry of the key grooves, and is used for the mass production project of the electric cylinder. The present invention solves the problems existing in the current technology that the symmetry of the double key grooves cannot be guaranteed during the mass production of long cylinder barrels; the rigidity of the existing grooving equipment is insufficient and it cannot be used for a long time, which affects the operation efficiency and the key groove sizes on the product are inconsistent before and after, affecting the use of the product. The effect is remarkable and it is suitable for wide promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a processing equipment for multiple key grooves of a long cylinder barrel provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the sectional view along the A-A line in

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of another processing equipment for multiple key grooves of a long cylinder barrel provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 For Figure 3 the sectional view along the B-B line in

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the adjustment assembly of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the adjusting part of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the grooving adapter of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of another use state of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of another perspective of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of another use state of another processing device for long cylinder multi-key grooves provided by the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1-10 In which:

[0048] 1. Guide shaft; 2. Frame; 3. Positioning block; 4. Broach; 5. Workpiece to be processed; 6. First fastener; 7. Clamping assembly; 8. Adjustment assembly; 9. Pulling assembly; 11. First keyway; 12. Second keyway; 13. First air vent; 14. Second air vent; 15. Accommodating groove; 21. Tool passing hole; 22. Adjustment hole; 41. Moving part; 42. Serrated part; 71. Clamping block; 72. Driving column; 73. Driver; 81. Adjusting part; 82. Inflating assembly; 83. Return part; 84. Grooving adapter; 91. Pulling driving part; 92. Lifting driving part; 93. Support plate; 711. Clamping groove; 712. Elastic layer; 811. Supporting part; 812. Sliding column; 813. Driving part; 841. Engaging part; 842. Adapting part; 843. Mounting part; 844. Second fastener; 8421. Third keyway. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to togetherFigures 1 to 2 Now, a specific implementation of a processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways provided by the present invention will be described. The processing device for the long cylinder with multiple keyways includes a guide shaft 1, a frame 2, a positioning block 3, and a broach 4. Among them, the guide shaft 1 is provided with a first keyway 11 and a second keyway 12, and the first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12 are symmetrically arranged. The guide shaft 1 penetrates through the workpiece to be processed 5 and is used to support and fix the workpiece to be processed 5. The frame 2 is detachably connected to the guide shaft 1 and abuts against the workpiece to be processed 5, and is used to support the guide shaft 1. The frame 2 is provided with a tool passing hole 21 that communicates with both the first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12. The positioning block 3 is arranged in the first keyway 11 and is used to fix the relative position of the workpiece to be processed 5 and the guide shaft 1. The broach 4 is arranged in the second keyway 12 and is slidably connected to the guide shaft 1. The broach 4 passes through the tool passing hole 21 and is used to process a groove at the corresponding position of the workpiece to be processed 5.

[0051] For convenience of description, please refer to Figure 1 , taking any point in space as the origin, taking the setting direction of the broach 4 relative to the positioning block 3 as the Z-axis, taking the setting direction of the guide shaft 1 as the X-axis, and taking the straight line direction perpendicular to both the X-axis and the Z-axis as the Y-axis, a rectangular coordinate system is established. Among them, the XY plane is the horizontal plane, the direction indicated on the horizontal plane is the horizontal direction, and the direction indicated by the Z-axis is the vertical direction.

[0052] In this embodiment, the guide shaft 1 is a cylindrical structure, and the sizes of the first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12 are the same; both the first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12 are rectangular long grooves, and the positioning block 3 is a cuboid structure adapted to the first keyway 11. Exemplarily, the width dimension of the positioning block 3 is the upper limit dimension of the width of the keyway of the long cylinder, and the length is about 300 mm, and the surface roughness Ra is controlled within 0.8. According to the inner hole structure size of the electric cylinder long cylinder, the size of the guide shaft 1 is determined. The clearance between the outer diameter size of the guide shaft 1 and the inner hole size of the long cylinder is 0.02 - 0.05 mm. The first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12 are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the guide shaft 1, and the symmetry between the first keyway 11 and the second keyway 12 is ensured to be 0.02 mm. The frame 2 can be a rectangular frame structure made of four steel plates welded together.

[0053] A processing method for double key grooves on a long cylinder barrel. The above-mentioned processing equipment for multiple key grooves on a long cylinder barrel is used for double key groove processing. The specific steps are as follows: Fix the guiding shaft 1 on the machine frame 2, sleeved the electric cylinder long cylinder barrel on the outer circle of the guiding shaft 1 and push it to the bottom; Control the broach 4 to move in the first key groove 11 of the guiding shaft 1 to form the first cylinder key groove of the long cylinder barrel; Then insert a positioning block 3 between the formed cylinder key groove and the first key groove 11. The positioning block 3 is used to fix the relative position of the cylinder barrel and the guiding shaft 1; Control the broach 4 to move in the second key groove 12 of the guiding shaft 1 again to form the second cylinder key groove of the long cylinder barrel, that is, two cylinder key grooves with symmetry within the specified range are processed on the long cylinder barrel. Remove the positioning block 3 and take down the long cylinder barrel, and the processing of the double key grooves on the long cylinder barrel is completed.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the processing equipment for multiple key grooves on the long cylinder barrel makes the first key groove of the cylinder barrel formed by controlling the broach 4 to move in the key groove of the guiding shaft 1, that is, through the key groove structure of the guiding shaft 1, the symmetry of the cylinder key groove is guaranteed. This device is suitable for the processing of deep hole key grooves. Through the settings of the first key groove 11 and the second key groove 12 on the guiding shaft 1, the symmetry of the processed double key grooves is high; The key grooves are processed by the broach 4, and the structure of the broach 4 is more stable and not easily damaged, which is suitable for mass production, and the effect of the processed key grooves is better; Through the fixing method of the positioning block 3, the structure is simple, the installation and disassembly are more convenient, and the operation efficiency is effectively improved. The present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art that the symmetry of the double key grooves cannot be guaranteed during the mass production of long cylinder barrels; the rigidity of the existing grooving equipment is insufficient and it cannot be used for a long time, which affects the operation efficiency and the key groove dimensions on the product are inconsistent before and after, affecting the use of the product. The effect is remarkable and it is suitable for wide promotion.

[0055] As another implementation manner of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for multiple key grooves on the long cylinder barrel is basically the same as the structure in the above-mentioned embodiment. The difference is that there are mounting holes on the machine frame 2, and the guiding shaft 1 and the machine frame 2 are detachably connected through the first fastener 6. The first fastener 6 passes through the mounting hole and is threadedly connected to the guiding shaft 1. There are two mounting holes and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the tool passing hole 21. The first fastener 6 can be a screw, and there is a threaded hole on the guiding shaft 1 that is adapted to the first fastener 6. The guiding shaft 1 is fixed on the machine frame 2 by using the screw.

[0056] In this embodiment, the broach 4 includes a moving part 41 slidably connected to the second keyway 12. The moving part 41 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure adapted to the second keyway 12. On the side of the moving part 41 away from the second keyway 12, there is a serrated part 42. A plurality of serrated parts 42 are arranged along the direction of the second keyway 12 and are used for machining grooves on the workpiece 5 to be machined. One end of the positioning block 3 away from the machine frame 2 is provided with a wedge-shaped structure, and the other end of the positioning block 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, which is inserted between the first keyway 11 and a formed groove of the workpiece 5 to be machined; the wedge-shaped structure on the positioning block 3 is engaged with the workpiece 5 to be machined, so as to limit and fix the workpiece 5 to be machined both circumferentially and axially on the guide shaft 1. Here, as long as the relevant performance functions of the positioning block 3 and the broach 4 can be realized, they are within the protection scope of this application document.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , as another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for the multi-keyway of the long cylinder is basically the same as the structure in the above embodiment. The difference is that it further includes clamping assemblies 7 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guide shaft 1. The clamping assemblies 7 include clamping blocks 71, driving columns 72, and drivers 73. Among them, the clamping blocks 71 are in contact with the workpiece 5 to be machined and are used to fix the relative positions of the guide shaft 1 and the workpiece 5 to be machined. The clamping blocks 71 are provided with clamping grooves 711, and the clamping grooves 711 are arc-shaped structures; the driving columns 72 are connected to the clamping blocks 71, and the machine frame 2 is provided with adjusting holes 22, and the driving columns 72 are arranged through the adjusting holes 22; the drivers 73 are connected to the machine frame 2, the driving columns 72 are arranged through the adjusting holes 22 and are connected to the drivers 73, and the drivers 73 can be cylinders embedded in the machine frame 2 and are used to drive the driving columns 72 to move along the arrangement direction of the adjusting holes 22.

[0058] In this embodiment, an elastic layer 712 in contact with the workpiece 5 to be machined is provided in the clamping groove 711. The elastic layer 712 is provided with anti-slip lines, and the elastic layer 712 is used to increase the friction between the clamping block 71 and the workpiece 5 to be machined. A plurality of adjusting holes 22 are arranged along the circumference of the guide shaft 1, and the clamping blocks 71 correspond to the adjusting holes 22 one by one and move along the arrangement direction of the adjusting holes 22. After the long cylinder is sleeved on the guide shaft 1, the driver 73 is started to push the driving column 72, and then drive the clamping block 71 to move to contact with the long cylinder, so as to fix the long cylinder and prevent the long cylinder from moving axially and circumferentially, thereby making it more convenient for the broach 4 to machine the keyway.

[0059] As another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for the long cylinder with multiple key grooves is basically the same as that in the above embodiment. The difference lies in that it further includes an adjusting assembly 8. The adjusting assembly 8 includes an adjusting member 81, an air inflation assembly 82, a restoring member 83, and a grooving adapter 84. The adjusting member 81 is slidably connected to both the frame 2 and the guide shaft 1 and passes through the adjusting hole 22. The adjusting member 81 is symmetrically arranged along the guide shaft 1. The guide shaft 1 is provided with a first air hole 13 and a second air hole 14 communicating with the first air hole 13. The adjusting member 81 moves along the direction of the second air hole 14. The air inflation assembly 82 is connected to the frame 2 and communicates with the first air hole 13. The air inflation assembly 82 is connected to the adjusting member 81 and is used to drive the adjusting member 81 to abut against the workpiece to be processed 5. The restoring member 83 is connected to both the adjusting member 81 and the guide shaft 1 and is used to control the adjusting member 81 to return to the initial state when not inflated. The grooving adapter 84 is detachably connected to the guide shaft 1. The grooving adapter 84 is provided with a third key groove 8421. The workpiece to be processed 5 is sleeved on the adjusting member 81 and the grooving adapter 84.

[0060] In this embodiment, the air inflation assembly 82 includes an air delivery assembly and a cylinder connected to the air delivery assembly. The air delivery assembly communicates with the first air hole 13 to inflate the first air hole 13, thereby pushing the adjusting member 81 to move along the second air hole 14 until it abuts against the workpiece to be processed 5. The setting of the adjusting member 81 can adapt to the sizes of more workpieces to be processed 5. The cylinder is connected to the adjusting member 81, also drives the adjusting member 81 to move, and supports the adjusting member 81 to ensure the supporting strength of the adjusting member 81 against the workpiece to be processed 5. The restoring member 83 can be a spring arranged in the second air hole 14. After the air inflation assembly 82 withdraws the gas, the spring pulls the adjusting member 81 back to the initial state. If the size of the inner diameter of the workpiece to be processed 5 larger than the guide shaft 1 is small, only the abutment of the adjusting member 81 against the workpiece to be processed 5 needs to be adjusted, and then a positioning block 3 with a higher height can be replaced. If the size of the inner diameter of the workpiece to be processed 5 larger than the guide shaft 1 is large, then a grooving adapter 84 is engaged on each of the first key groove 11 and the second key groove 12. The grooving adapter 84 abuts against the workpiece to be processed 5 and is used for positioning during the key groove processing of the workpiece to be processed 5.

[0061] As another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for the long cylinder with multiple keyways is basically the same as that in the above embodiment. The difference lies in that it further includes a pulling assembly 9 connected to the frame 2. The pulling assembly 9 includes a pulling driving member 91, a lifting driving member 92, and a support plate 93. Among them, the pulling driving member 91 is connected to the broach 4 and is used to drive the broach 4 to move along the second keyway 12; the lifting driving member 92 is connected to the pulling driving member 91. The lifting driving member 92 can be a cylinder arranged in the vertical direction and is used to drive the pulling driving member 91 to move up and down; the support plate 93 is connected to both the lifting driving member 92 and the frame 2 and is used to support the lifting driving member 92. The pulling driving member 91 can be a hydraulic press. After installing the broach 4, use the hydraulic press to move the broach 4 along the guide shaft 1 under the action of pressure to form the keyway. After one keyway is formed, move the broach 4 out of the first keyway 11 of the guide shaft 1, move the broach 4 to align with the second keyway 12 on the guide shaft 1 through the lifting driving member 92, and after flipping the broach 4, push the broach 4 to move along the direction of the second keyway 12 to form another keyway.

[0062] As another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for the long cylinder with multiple keyways is basically the same as that in the above embodiment. The difference lies in that the adjusting member 81 includes a supporting portion 811, a sliding column 812, and a driving portion 813. Among them, one side of the supporting portion 811 away from the guide shaft 1 abuts against the workpiece 5 to be processed. The guide shaft 1 is provided with a receiving groove 15 for receiving the supporting portion 811. The supporting portion 811 is an arc-shaped structure. After the supporting portion 811 fits with the guide shaft 1, a cylindrical structure is formed; the sliding column 812 is integrally formed with the supporting portion 811 and is arranged in the second air passage hole 14. The sliding column 812 slides along the second air passage hole 14 and is connected to the restoring member 83; one end of the driving portion 813 is connected to the supporting portion 811, and the other end passes through the adjusting hole 22 and is connected to the cylinder of the air inflation assembly 82. The air inflation assembly 82 is used to drive the driving portion 813 to move along the adjusting hole 22, and the adjusting hole 22 supports and limits the driving portion 813.

[0063] As another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the processing equipment for the long cylinder with multiple key grooves is basically the same as that in the above embodiment. The difference lies in that the grooving adapter 84 includes a clamping portion 841, an adapting portion 842, and a mounting portion 843. Among them, the clamping portion 841 is clamped with the first key groove 11 or the second key groove 12, and the clamping portion 841 is adaptively arranged with the first key groove 11; the adapting portion 842 is integrally formed with the clamping portion 841. The adapting portion 842 is in a fan-shaped ring structure. The arc surface inside the adapting portion 842 is adaptively arranged with the outer surface of the guiding shaft 1, and a third key groove 8421 is provided on the arc surface on the other side; the mounting portion 843 is integrally formed with both the clamping portion 841 and the adapting portion 842 at the same time. The mounting portion 843 is arranged at one end of the clamping portion 841 away from the machine frame 2. A fixing hole is provided on the mounting portion 843, and a second fastener 844 threadedly connected with the guiding shaft 1 is connected to the fixing hole. For the convenience of description, the adjusting member 81 and the grooving adapter 84 are artificially divided. Here, as long as the structure that can achieve the above functions is within the protection scope of this application. It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0064] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. The content not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0065] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways, characterized in that, Comprising: A guiding shaft (1) is provided with a first keyway (11) and a second keyway (12). The first keyway (11) and the second keyway (12) are symmetrically arranged. The guiding shaft (1) penetrates through a workpiece to be machined (5) for supporting and fixing the workpiece to be machined (5). A machine frame (2) is detachably connected to the guiding shaft (1) and abuts against the workpiece to be machined (5) for supporting the guiding shaft (1). A tool passing hole (21) communicating with both the first keyway (11) and the second keyway (12) is provided on the machine frame (2). A positioning block (3) is arranged in the first keyway (11) for fixing the relative position between the workpiece to be machined (5) and the guiding shaft (1). A broach (4) is arranged in the second keyway (12) and is slidably connected to the guiding shaft (1). The broach (4) penetrates through the tool passing hole (21) for machining a groove at a corresponding position of the workpiece to be machined (5). An installation hole is provided on the machine frame (2). The guiding shaft (1) and the machine frame (2) are detachably connected by a first fastener (6). The first fastener (6) penetrates through the installation hole and is threadedly connected to the guiding shaft (1). There are two installation holes, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the tool passing hole (21). Further comprising clamping assemblies (7) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the guiding shaft (1). The clamping assemblies (7) include: A clamping block (71) abuts against the workpiece to be machined (5) for fixing the relative position between the guiding shaft (1) and the workpiece to be machined (5). A clamping groove (711) is provided on the clamping block (71), and the clamping groove (711) is an arc-shaped structure. A driving column (72) is connected to the clamping block (71). An adjusting hole (22) is provided on the machine frame (2). The driving column (72) penetrates through the adjusting hole (22). A driver (73) is connected to the machine frame (2). The driving column (72) penetrates through the adjusting hole (22) and is connected to the driver (73). The driver (73) is used for driving the driving column (72) to move along the setting direction of the adjusting hole (22). Further comprising an adjusting assembly (8). The adjusting assembly (8) includes: An adjusting member (81) is slidably connected to both the machine frame (2) and the guiding shaft (1) and penetrates through the adjusting hole (22). The adjusting member (81) is symmetrically arranged along the guiding shaft (1). A first air passing hole (13) and a second air passing hole (14) communicating with the first air passing hole (13) are provided on the guiding shaft (1). The adjusting member (81) moves along the setting direction of the second air passing hole (14). An air inflation assembly (82) is connected to the machine frame (2) and is communicated with the first air passing hole (13). The air inflation assembly (82) is connected to the adjusting member (81) for driving the adjusting member (81) to abut against the workpiece to be machined (5). A return member (83), which is connected to both the adjusting member (81) and the guiding shaft (1) simultaneously, and is used to control the adjusting member (81) to return to its initial state when not inflated; A grooving adapter (84), which is detachably connected to the guiding shaft (1). A third keyway (8421) is provided on the grooving adapter (84). The workpiece to be machined (5) is sleeved on the adjusting member (81) and the grooving adapter (84).

2. The processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first keyway (11) and the second keyway (12) are rectangular long grooves. The positioning block (3) is a cuboid-shaped structure adapted to the first keyway (11). The first keyway (11) and the second keyway (12) have the same size. The broach (4) includes a moving part (41) that is slidably connected to the second keyway (12). The moving part (41) is a cuboid-shaped structure adapted to the second keyway (12). A serrated part (42) is connected to the side of the moving part (41) away from the second keyway (12). A plurality of serrated parts (42) are provided along the direction of the second keyway (12) for machining grooves on the workpiece to be machined (5).

3. The processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a pulling assembly (9) connected to the frame (2). The pulling assembly (9) includes: A pulling driving member (91), which is connected to the broach (4) and is used to drive the broach (4) to move along the second keyway (12); A lifting driving member (92), which is connected to the pulling driving member (91) and is used to drive the pulling driving member (91) to perform lifting motion; A support plate (93), which is connected to both the lifting driving member (92) and the frame (2) simultaneously and is used to support the lifting driving member (92).

4. The processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting member (81) includes: A support part (811), the side away from the guiding shaft (1) abuts against the workpiece to be machined (5). A receiving groove (15) for receiving the support part (811) is provided on the guiding shaft (1); A sliding column (812), which is integrally formed with the support part (811) and is arranged in the second air passage hole (14). The sliding column (812) slides along the second air passage hole (14) and is connected to the return member (83); A driving part (813), one end of which is connected to the support part (811), and the other end penetrates through the adjusting hole (22) and is connected to the inflation assembly (82). The inflation assembly (82) is used to drive the driving part (813) to move along the adjusting hole (22).

5. The processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grooving adapter (84) includes: An engaging part (841), which engages with the first keyway (11) or the second keyway (12). The engaging part (841) is adapted to the first keyway (11); An adapting part (842), which is integrally formed with the engaging part (841). The adapting part (842) is a fan-shaped ring structure. The inner arc surface of the adapting part (842) is adapted to the outer surface of the guiding shaft (1). The third keyway (8421) is provided on the other arc surface. The mounting part (843) is integrally formed with the engaging part (841) and the adapting part (842) at the same time. The mounting part (843) is arranged at one end of the engaging part (841) away from the machine frame (2). A fixing hole is provided on the mounting part (843), and a second fastener (844) threadedly connected to the guiding shaft (1) is connected to the fixing hole.

6. The processing device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to claim 5, characterized in that, An elastic layer (712) abutting against the workpiece to be machined (5) is provided in the card slot (711). Anti-slip lines are provided on the elastic layer (712), and the elastic layer (712) is used to increase the friction force between the clamping block (71) and the workpiece to be machined (5).

7. A processing method for a long cylinder with double keyways, characterized in that, When performing double keyway machining by using a machining device for a long cylinder with multiple keyways according to any one of claims 1-6, the specific steps are as follows: fixing the guiding shaft (1) on the machine frame (2); controlling the broach (4) to move in the first keyway (11) of the guiding shaft (1) to form the first cylinder keyway of the long cylinder; then inserting the positioning block (3) between the formed cylinder keyway and the first keyway (11); controlling the broach (4) to move in the second keyway (12) of the guiding shaft (1) again to form the second cylinder keyway of the long cylinder, that is, two cylinder keyways with symmetry within a specified range are machined on the long cylinder.

Images