Detection method and detection equipment for measuring four-way stiffness of elastic joints by one-time clamping

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detection method and detection device for measuring the four-directional stiffness of an elastic joint by one-time clamping. The detection method is to set fixture one and fixture two. Clamp the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint with fixture one, and clamp the core shaft of the elastic joint with fixture two. Relative movement can occur between fixture one and fixture two. By keeping fixture two stationary, control fixture one to move back and forth along the radial direction of the elastic joint or control fixture one to rotate along the deflection direction of the elastic joint, so that relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the radial and deflection stiffness of the elastic joint. By keeping fixture one stationary, control fixture two to move back and forth along the axial direction of the elastic joint or control fixture two to rotate along the torsion direction of the elastic joint, so that relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the axial and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint. The present invention only needs to be clamped once to perform the detection of four-directional stiffness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the stiffness of an elastic joint, and particularly to a method and a device for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint by a single clamping, belonging to the technical field of stiffness detection of elastic joint products (mainly metal-rubber elastic joints). Background Art

[0002] Elastic joints are widely used in vehicle chassis and various suspensions for flexibly connecting components. While maintaining the relative positions of the components, they allow relative movement between the connecting components, playing an important role in improving the stability, comfort and passability of vehicles.

[0003] Vehicle elastic joints generally refer to metal-rubber joints, and there are also metal-polyurethane joints, nylon-rubber joints, etc., including railway locomotive shock absorber ball joints and other ball joint parts, automobile shock absorber bushings, vehicle chassis thrust rod ball joints, leaf spring bushings and stabilizer bar bushings, passenger car frame and sub-frame bushings, engine and cab mount bushings, etc.

[0004] The functional characteristics of the elastic joint itself determine its stiffness performance, which is an important functional characteristic. Therefore, whether in the product R & D or mass production process, the stiffness performance is a project that must be detected and key controlled.

[0005] The stiffness of the elastic joint usually includes four directions: radial, axial, deflection, and torsion. As Figure 1 shown, the elastic joint 1 includes a core shaft 111 and an outer sleeve 112, and the core shaft 111 is vulcanized in the outer sleeve 112 through a rubber body. The axial direction of the core shaft 111 is set as the X direction, the vertical radial direction of the outer sleeve 112 is set as the Y direction, the horizontal radial direction of the outer sleeve 112 is set as the Z direction, and the axes X, Y, and C form a space coordinate system and the axes X, Y, and C intersect at the center point of the elastic joint. Then the X direction is the axial direction of the elastic joint, the A direction of rotation around the X direction is the torsion direction of the elastic joint, the Z direction is the radial direction of the elastic joint, and the B direction of rotation around the Z direction is the deflection direction of the elastic joint.

[0006] In the prior art, regarding the detection method of the four-way stiffness, as Figure 2 shown, first, the outer sleeve 112 of the elastic joint 1 is pressed into a tooling ring 2 with a specific inner diameter, so that the joint outer sleeve 112 and the tooling ring 2 are fitted to form a reliable force-bearing unit, and then the detection is carried out as follows:

[0007] Axial stiffness: Generally, an electronic universal testing machine is used. The outer sleeve 112 and the tooling ring 2 are fixed, a load is applied to the end face of the mandrel 111, and the mandrel 111 moves back and forth along the axial direction (X direction), causing relative movement between the mandrel 111 and the outer sleeve 112. Monitor and read the load-displacement value, and calculate the axial stiffness value. If it is necessary to apply a bidirectional load of pressure, the actuator head of the testing machine needs to be reliably connected to the mandrel.

[0008] Torsional stiffness: Generally, a torsional testing machine is used. The outer sleeve 112 and the tooling ring 2 are fixed, a torque is applied to the mandrel 111, and the mandrel 111 rotates along the A direction, causing relative rotation between the mandrel 111 and the outer sleeve 112. Monitor and read the torque and angular displacement values, and calculate the torsional stiffness value.

[0009] Radial stiffness: Generally, an electronic universal testing machine is used. The mandrel 111 supporting the spherical hinge is fixed, a load is applied to the outer circular surface of the tooling ring 2, and the outer sleeve 112 and the tooling ring 2 move back and forth along the Z direction, causing relative movement between the mandrel 111 and the outer sleeve 112. Monitor and read the load and displacement values, and calculate the radial stiffness value. If it is necessary to apply a bidirectional load of pressure, the actuator head of the testing machine needs to be reliably connected to the tooling ring.

[0010] Deflection stiffness: Generally, a torsional testing machine is used. The mandrel 111 supporting the spherical hinge is fixed, a torque is applied to the tooling ring 2, and the outer sleeve 112 and the tooling ring 2 rotate along the B direction, causing relative rotation between the mandrel 111 and the outer sleeve 112. Monitor and read the torque and angular displacement values, and calculate the deflection stiffness value.

[0011] As described above, the detection of the four-way stiffness of the elastic joint requires different equipment and tooling, and goes through cumbersome clamping and program debugging; especially when it is necessary to apply bidirectional tensile and compressive loads in the radial and axial directions, the operation is very troublesome, and generally requires multiple tooling debuggings to obtain accurate results. The labor intensity is high, the detection efficiency is low, the operation skills and experience of the inspectors are required to be high, and detection deviations are likely to occur.

[0012] With the rapid development of the vehicle industry and the continuous improvement of the requirements for the comfort and reliability of the whole vehicle, the types and quantities of related elastic joint products have shown obvious growth, the number of detection items is increasing, and the requirements for the quantity and frequency of detection are also getting higher and higher, resulting in a multiple increase in the stiffness performance detection of joint parts.

[0013] Therefore, the traditional four-way stiffness detection method cannot meet the current detection requirements; due to the pressure of enterprise costs, it is unlikely to equip performance detection equipment and personnel in proportion. Therefore, optimizing the elastic joint stiffness detection method and improving the detection efficiency and accuracy are of great significance.

[0014] After the applicant's search, the following patent documents were found:

[0015] 1. A Chinese invention patent application with the publication number CN110672288A and the publication date of January 10, 2020 discloses a joint bearing stiffness test device, which includes a test box body, a joint bearing seat, a main shaft, a locking nut, a loading device and a sensor; among them, the test box body includes a detachable upper box body and a lower box body; the upper box body is provided with a radial loading screw hole, a flange half hole, a main shaft fixing threaded hole on the upper box body and a light hole on the upper box body; the flange half hole is arranged on the left side wall of the upper box body, and a corresponding flange half hole is also opened on the left side wall of the lower box body. When the upper box body and the lower box body are connected and fixed, the two flange half holes are butted against each other for cooperating with the flange on the main shaft to form the left fixed end of the main shaft; the radial loading screw hole is arranged on the upper wall of the upper box body for cooperating with the radial loading screw to apply a radial force to the tested joint bearing; the main shaft fixing threaded hole on the upper box body is opened on the right side wall of the upper box body. During use, the main shaft fixing threaded hole on the upper box body is aligned with the first threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft and connected by a main shaft fixing bolt on the upper box body to form the right fixed end of the main shaft; the light hole on the upper box body is opened on the right side wall of the upper box body and is located above the main shaft fixing threaded hole on the upper box body. The light hole on the upper box body is used for cooperating with the axial loading screw on the upper box body to apply an axial force to the tested joint bearing; the lower box body includes a counterbore, a main shaft fixing threaded hole on the lower box body and a light hole on the lower box body; the counterbore is a groove arranged on the right inner side wall of the lower box body, and a corresponding counterbore is also opened on the right inner side wall of the upper box body. When the upper box body and the lower box body are connected and fixed, the two counterbores are butted against each other for cooperating with the shaft section of the main shaft; the main shaft fixing threaded hole on the lower box body is opened on the right side wall of the lower box body. During use, the main shaft fixing threaded hole on the lower box body is aligned with the second threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft and connected by a main shaft fixing bolt on the lower box body to form the right fixed end of the main shaft; the light hole on the lower box body is opened on the right side wall of the lower box body for cooperating with the axial loading screw on the lower box body to apply an axial force to the tested joint bearing; the joint bearing seat includes a bearing gland and a joint bearing seat body, and the bearing gland is detachably connected to the joint bearing seat body; the joint bearing seat body is symmetrically arranged in the upper box body and the lower box body. When the upper box body and the lower box body are connected and fixed, a complete joint bearing seat body is formed; the joint bearing seat body is provided with a radial force sensor arrangement hole and a shoulder, the radial force sensor arrangement hole is arranged on the lower end face of the joint bearing seat body for arranging a third radial displacement eddy current sensor, and the shoulder is arranged on the inner end face of the joint bearing seat body; the bearing gland includes a positioning surface. When the joint bearing seat body is connected and fixed to the bearing gland, the positioning surface cooperates with the shoulder for positioning the outer ring of the tested joint bearing; the main shaft includes a shaft section, a first threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft, a second threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft, a shoulder and a flange; among them, the shaft section is arranged at one end of the main shaft, the flange is arranged at the other end of the main shaft, the first threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft and the second threaded hole at the right end of the main shaft are opened on the end face of the shaft section, and the shoulder is arranged at one end of the middle part of the main shaft close to the flange;The locking nut is detachably arranged at one end of the middle part of the main shaft close to the shaft section. During use, the inner ring of the tested spherical plain bearing is sleeved on the main shaft, and the locking nut is screwed into the main shaft along the radial direction of the main shaft. The inner ring is located between the shaft shoulder and the locking nut to fix the inner ring. The loading device includes a radial loading screw, an upper box axial loading screw, a lower box axial loading screw, a radial force sensor, an upper box axial force sensor, and a lower box axial force sensor. The radial force sensor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spherical plain bearing seat body and is used to measure the radial force applied to the tested spherical plain bearing by the radial loading screw. The upper box axial force sensor and the lower box axial force sensor are fixedly connected to the right end face of the spherical plain bearing seat body and are respectively used to measure the axial forces applied to the tested spherical plain bearing by the upper box axial loading screw and the lower box axial loading screw. The sensors are arranged inside the test box body and include a first radial displacement eddy current sensor, a second radial displacement eddy current sensor, and a third radial displacement eddy current sensor, as well as a first axial displacement eddy current sensor, a second axial displacement eddy current sensor, a third axial displacement eddy current sensor, and a fourth axial displacement eddy current sensor. Among them, the first radial displacement eddy current sensor and the second radial displacement eddy current sensor are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the spherical plain bearing seat along the axial direction of the main shaft and are used to measure the deformation of the inner ring of the tested spherical plain bearing. The third radial displacement eddy current sensor is arranged in the radial force sensor arrangement hole and is used to measure the deformation of the outer ring of the tested spherical plain bearing. The first axial displacement eddy current sensor and the second axial displacement eddy current sensor are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main shaft, and the probe points to the right end face of the spherical plain bearing seat and is used to measure the outer ring deformation. The third axial displacement eddy current sensor and the fourth axial displacement eddy current sensor are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main shaft within the radius range of the inner ring, and the probe points to the inner ring end face and is used to measure the inner ring deformation.;

[0016] II. A Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN211784147U and the authorization announcement date of October 27, 2020 discloses a multifunctional rubber joint stiffness test fixture, including an upper fixture at the upper end, a lower fixture at the lower end, and a joint fixture in the middle. Fixture fixed installation holes are provided on both the upper fixture and the lower fixture. The lower fixture is an axial fixture or a radial fixture. One end of the joint fixture is connected to the upper fixture through multiple support screws, and the other end is connected to the lower fixture through a clamped rubber joint.

[0017] III. A Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN214040556U and the authorization announcement date of August 24, 2021 discloses a test tooling for the deflection and torsional stiffness of a ball joint, which includes a ball joint deflection assembly for fixing the sphere and driving the sphere to rotate, and a ball joint torsion assembly for driving the two ends of the ball joint shaft. The ball joint deflection assembly includes a fixed clamping seat for vertically fixing the ball joint and a rotating connection seat for driving the ball head to rotate. The fixed clamping seat is used to clamp and fix the two ends of the ball joint shaft. A connection installation hole connected to the driving shaft in the middle of one end driving chuck is provided in the middle of the fixed clamping seat. The rotating connection seat includes two corresponding clamping plates for clamping and fixing the ball head, and a connecting shaft I corresponding to the connection hole in the middle of the rotating driving chuck is installed on the outside of one of the clamping plates. The ball joint torsion assembly includes a connecting shaft II for clamping and fixing one end of the ball joint shaft and inserted and matched with the connection hole in the middle of one end driving chuck. The other end of the fixed ball joint shaft is inserted into the insertion hole of the driving shaft in the middle of the driving chuck.

[0018] The testing methods in the above-mentioned first and second patent documents can only test the two-way stiffness through one clamping, and cannot test the four-way stiffness through one clamping. The testing method in the third patent document actually requires multiple clamps to conduct the multi-way stiffness test. Therefore, it can be seen that the technical solutions in the above-mentioned several patent documents are different from the technical solution of the present application.

[0019] In summary, optimizing the elastic joint stiffness detection method and detection equipment, improving the detection efficiency and accuracy, and reducing the labor intensity are of great significance. First, how to improve the detection efficiency to meet the current detection requirements to adapt to the rapid development of the vehicle industry; second, how to simplify the steps during detection to reduce the labor intensity of operators; third, how to reduce the detection deviation and improve the accuracy of detection results. The above problems are technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0020] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a detection method and detection equipment for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint with one clamping, aiming at the defects existing in the prior art. It only needs to be clamped once to conduct the four-way stiffness detection, improving the detection efficiency and meeting the current detection requirements; its detection steps are convenient and simple, reducing the labor intensity of operators; its detection deviation is small, improving the accuracy of detection results.

[0021] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a detection method for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint by one-time clamping. It sets fixture one and fixture two, clamps the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint with fixture one, and clamps the core shaft of the elastic joint with fixture two. Relative movement can occur between fixture one and fixture two; by keeping fixture two stationary, controlling fixture one to move back and forth along the radial direction of the elastic joint or controlling fixture one to rotate along the deflection direction of the elastic joint, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, so as to measure the radial stiffness and deflection stiffness of the elastic joint; by keeping fixture one stationary, controlling fixture two to move back and forth along the axial direction of the elastic joint or controlling fixture two to rotate along the torsion direction of the elastic joint, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, so as to measure the axial stiffness and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0022] Preferably, fixture one and fixture two are arranged in a crosswise manner, and the elastic joint is arranged at the intersection position of fixture one and fixture two.

[0023] Preferably, fixture one and fixture two are set as a frame structure. Frame through holes are opened on fixture one, including frame through hole one and frame through hole two; when fixture one and fixture two are arranged in a crosswise manner, the relative two side frames of fixture two are respectively passed through frame through hole one and frame through hole two on fixture one, so that fixture one and fixture two are arranged in a crosswise manner.

[0024] Preferably, shaft one and shaft two are respectively arranged on the relative two sides of the frame structure of fixture one, and shaft three and shaft four are respectively arranged on the relative two sides of the frame structure of fixture two; shaft one and shaft two are connected to power loading detection system one, and shaft three and shaft four are connected to power loading detection system two;

[0025] By keeping power loading detection system two inactive, making the core shaft of the elastic joint stationary, controlling power loading detection system one to act, driving the outer sleeve of the elastic joint to move back and forth along the radial direction of the elastic joint or driving the outer sleeve of the elastic joint to rotate along the deflection direction of the elastic joint, so as to detect the radial stiffness and deflection stiffness of the elastic joint;

[0026] By keeping power loading detection system one inactive, making the outer sleeve of the elastic joint stationary, controlling power loading detection system two to act, driving the core shaft of the elastic joint to move back and forth along the axial direction of the elastic joint or driving the core shaft of the elastic joint to rotate along the torsion direction of the elastic joint, so as to detect the axial stiffness and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0027] Preferably, the first shaft and the second shaft of the first fixture are respectively passed through the first shaft support seat and the second shaft support seat. The first dynamic loading detection system includes a deflection loading detection device and a radial loading detection device. The first shaft passing through the first shaft support seat is connected to the deflection loading detection device, and the second shaft passing through the second shaft support seat is connected to the radial loading detection device.

[0028] The deflection loading detection device includes a first servo motor and a first torque sensor. When connecting, the output shaft of the first servo motor is connected to the first shaft passing through the first shaft support seat through the first torque sensor. The first servo motor is slidably connected to the base platform through a first guide rail slider mechanism.

[0029] The radial loading detection device includes a first linear load power device, a first axial single coupling, and a fifth shaft. The first linear load power device is hinged on the base platform. The first axial single coupling only transmits axial load and does not transmit radial and torsional loads. When connecting, the second shaft passing through the second shaft support seat is connected to one side of the first force sensor, one end of the fifth shaft is connected to the other side of the first force sensor, and the other end of the fifth shaft is connected to the output shaft of the first linear load power device through the first axial single coupling.

[0030] When detecting the radial stiffness: by keeping the second dynamic loading detection system inactive and keeping the second fixture fixed, so that the core shaft of the elastic joint is fixed, controlling the output shaft of the first linear load power device to perform a linear motion, thereby sequentially driving the fifth shaft, the second shaft, the U-shaped frame, the first shaft, and the first servo motor to perform a linear motion. Since the U-shaped frame is connected to the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, therefore, the outer sleeve will also perform a linear motion, causing relative motion between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the radial stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0031] When detecting the deflection stiffness: by keeping the second dynamic loading detection system inactive and keeping the second fixture fixed, so that the core shaft of the elastic joint is fixed, controlling the output shaft of the first servo motor to rotate, thereby sequentially driving the first shaft, the U-shaped frame, the second shaft, and the fifth shaft to rotate. Since the U-shaped frame is connected to the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, therefore, the outer sleeve will also rotate, causing relative motion between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the deflection stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0032] Preferably, the third shaft and the fourth shaft of the second fixture are respectively passed through the third shaft support seat and the fourth shaft support seat. The second dynamic loading detection system includes a torsional loading detection device and an axial loading detection device. The third shaft passing through the third shaft support seat is connected to the torsional loading detection device, and the fourth shaft passing through the fourth shaft support seat is connected to the axial loading detection device.

[0033] The torsional loading detection device includes a second servo motor and a second torque sensor. When connecting, connect the output shaft of the second servo motor to the third shaft passing through the third shaft support base through the second torque sensor; the second servo motor is slidably connected to the base platform through a second guide rail slider mechanism;

[0034] The axial loading detection device includes a second linear load power device, a second axial single coupling and a sixth shaft. Hinge the second linear load power device on the base platform. The second axial single coupling only transmits axial loads and does not transmit radial and torsional loads; when connecting, connect the fourth shaft passing through the fourth shaft support base to one side of the second force sensor, connect one end of the sixth shaft to the other side of the second force sensor, and connect the other end of the sixth shaft to the output shaft of the second linear load power device through the second axial single coupling;

[0035] When detecting the axial stiffness: By keeping the first dynamic loading detection system inactive and keeping the first fixture stationary, making the outer sleeve of the elastic joint stationary, control the output shaft of the second linear load power device to perform a linear motion, thereby driving the sixth shaft, the fourth shaft, the rectangular frame, the third shaft and the second servo motor to perform linear motions in sequence. Since the rectangular frame is connected to the core shaft of the elastic joint, therefore, the core shaft will also perform a linear motion, causing a relative motion between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the axial stiffness of the elastic joint;

[0036] When detecting the torsional stiffness: By keeping the first dynamic loading detection system inactive and keeping the first fixture stationary, making the outer sleeve of the elastic joint stationary, control the output shaft of the second servo motor to rotate, thereby driving the third shaft, the rectangular frame, the fourth shaft and the sixth shaft to rotate in sequence. Since the rectangular frame is connected to the core shaft of the elastic joint, therefore, the core shaft will also rotate, causing a relative motion between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the torsional stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0037] The present invention also discloses a detection device for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint in one clamping, which includes a first fixture and a second fixture. The first fixture is used to clamp the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, and the second fixture is used to clamp the core shaft of the elastic joint. The first fixture and the second fixture are arranged in a crosswise manner. The elastic joint is clamped at the intersection position of the first fixture and the second fixture. The first fixture and the second fixture can move relative to each other, and the first fixture can move back and forth along the radial direction of the elastic joint or rotate along the deflection direction of the elastic joint. The second fixture can move back and forth along the axial direction of the elastic joint or rotate along the torsional direction of the elastic joint. By the mutual cooperation of the first fixture and the second fixture, the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness and torsional stiffness of the elastic joint are measured.

[0038] Preferably, the first fixture includes a U-shaped frame and a pressing block. The elastic joint is placed in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame, and the pressing block is locked on the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame. The pressing block contacts the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, so as to press the elastic joint tightly in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame by using the pressing block. The second fixture includes a rectangular frame and a cross beam. The cross beam includes a first cross beam and a second cross beam. The first cross beam and the second cross beam are arranged inside the rectangular frame and connected to the rectangular frame. A mandrel clamping mechanism is arranged on the first cross beam and the second cross beam for clamping both ends of the mandrel of the elastic joint.

[0039] Preferably, the mandrel clamping mechanism includes a first pressing block, a second pressing block, a first clamping block and a second clamping block arranged on the cross beam. A cross beam groove is formed on the top of the cross beam, and the opening of the cross beam groove faces upward. The first pressing block, the second pressing block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are all arranged in the cross beam groove. One side of the first pressing block and the second pressing block respectively contacts the two inner side surfaces of the cross beam groove. The other sides of the first pressing block and the second pressing block are both provided with pressing block inclined surfaces. One side of the first clamping block and the second clamping block are both provided with clamping block inclined surfaces. The pressing block inclined surface of the first pressing block contacts the clamping block inclined surface of the first clamping block, and the pressing block inclined surface of the second pressing block contacts the clamping block inclined surface of the second clamping block.

[0040] Preferably, the mandrel clamping mechanism includes a first pressing block and a second pressing block arranged on the cross beam. A cross beam groove is formed on one side of the cross beam, and the opening of the cross beam groove faces the axis direction of the mandrel of the elastic rubber joint. The two side edges of the cross beam groove are arranged as inclined surfaces. One side surfaces of the first pressing block and the second pressing block are also arranged as inclined surfaces. The inclined side surfaces of the first pressing block and the second pressing block respectively cooperate and contact with the inclined surfaces of the two side edges of the cross beam groove. A first receiving groove and a second receiving groove are respectively arranged on the first pressing block and the second pressing block at a position close to the inner bottom of the cross beam groove. The openings of the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove face each other, so that the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove form a receiving space. A threaded hole is arranged on the other side of the cross beam, and a screw rod passes through the threaded hole and is connected to a pushing block. The pushing block is located in the receiving space.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting two jigs to clamp the mandrel of the elastic joint and the tooling ring on the outer sleeve respectively, and enabling relative movement between the two jigs; using the coordinated actions of the two jigs, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint to measure the four-way stiffnesses such as the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness, and torsional stiffness of the elastic joint. In this way, during the detection of the present invention, only one clamping of the elastic joint is required to detect the four-way stiffnesses such as the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness, and torsional stiffness of the elastic joint, thus avoiding the complex tooling changeover, clamping, and program debugging required for the detection of different stiffness performances of the same joint component, and bringing a qualitative improvement to the operability of the detection. Further, regarding the tensile and compressive loading of the elastic joint, in the existing test methods, the tooling clamping and connection are very complex and time-consuming, and the detection accuracy is not high. Often, repeated disassembly, installation, and inspection are required, and the efficiency is extremely low. However, for the one-time clamping detection method of the elastic joint described in the present invention, its installation method is naturally applicable to the tensile and compressive bidirectional loads. Therefore, for this type of detection, the effect of efficiency improvement is more obvious. It is expected that the detection efficiency can be increased by at least 200%, and even increased by 500% or more. At the same time, the detection accuracy can be ensured, which has a positive impact on the improvement of the detection ability of elastic joint components and the development of the entire industry. The first jig and the second jig are arranged in a crosswise staggered manner, and the elastic joint is arranged at the intersection position of the first jig and the second jig, thus realizing the relative movement between the two jigs, and ensuring the normal progress of the four-way stiffness detection work. Through the specific structural design of the two jigs, the structure in which the first jig and the second jig are arranged in a crosswise staggered manner is realized, ensuring the smooth progress of the four-way stiffness detection work on the premise that the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint are respectively clamped by the two jigs. Through the specific design of the dynamic loading detection system, the clamping operation process of the present invention can be standardized and automated, with high detection efficiency; and the detection results completely depend on the structure and accuracy of the equipment itself, and are hardly affected by the experience and ability of the detection personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the elastic joint Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the elastic joint Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram in which the first jig and the second jig are arranged in a crosswise staggered manner in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5Schematic three-dimensional structure of fixture one in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 6 Schematic three-dimensional structure of fixture one in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic front view of the partial structure at the elastic joint after fixture one in Embodiment 1 of the present invention clamps the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint;

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic three-dimensional structure of fixture two in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0050] Figure 9 Schematic three-dimensional structure of fixture two in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic front view of the crossbeam of fixture two in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 is Figure 9 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the partial area at the two crossbeams in

[0053] Figure 12 is Figure 8 Enlarged structure schematic of part C in

[0054] Figure 13 Schematic front view of the crossbeam of fixture two in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure after fixture one and fixture two in Embodiment 1 of the present invention are connected and installed with power loading detection system one and power loading detection system two;

[0056] Figure 15 is Figure 14 Top view structure schematic of

[0057] Figure 16 is Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the partial area at the deflection loading detection device in

[0058] Figure 17 is Figure 14 Schematic three-dimensional structure of the partial area at the radial loading detection device in

[0059] Figure 18 Axial sectional view structure schematic of axial single coupling one in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 19 A partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cross beam of the second fixture in the second embodiment of the present invention, located at the mandrel clamping mechanism;

[0061] Figure 20 is Figure 19 a top view structural schematic diagram;

[0062] In the figure: 1. Elastic joint, 111. Mandrel, 112. Outer sleeve, 2. Tooling ring, 3. First fixture. 311. U-shaped frame, 3111. First frame through hole, 3112. Second frame through hole, 312. Pressing block, 4. Second fixture, 411. Rectangular frame, 4111. Long frame side, 4112. Wide frame side, 412. First cross beam, 413. Second cross beam, 5. First screw, 6. Arc-shaped pad, 7. Tapered surface, 8. Reinforcing connecting plate, 9. Second screw, 10. First shaft, 11. Second shaft, 12. Mandrel clamping mechanism, 121. First pressing block, 122. Second pressing block, 123. First clamping block, 124. Second clamping block, 13. Cross beam groove, 14. Pressing block inclined surface, 15. Clamping block inclined surface, 16. Third screw, 17. Fourth screw, 18. First spacer, 19. Second spacer, 20. Slotted hole, 21. Vertical through hole, 22. Third shaft, 23. Fourth shaft, 24. First shaft support seat, 25. Second shaft support seat, 26. Deflection loading detection device, 261. First servo motor, 262. First torque sensor, 263. First guide rail slider mechanism, 27. Radial loading detection device, 271. First linear load power device, 2711. First output shaft, 27111. Second end flange, 272. First axial single coupling, 2721. Coupling housing, 2722. First hole, 2723. Second hole, 2724. Internal groove, 28. Foundation platform, 29. First force sensor, 30. Fifth shaft, 301. First end flange, 31. Third shaft support seat, 32. Fourth shaft support seat, 33. Torsion loading detection device, 331. Second servo motor, 332. Second torque sensor, 333. Second guide rail slider mechanism, 34. Axial loading detection device, 341. Second linear load power device, 3411. Second output shaft, 342. Second axial single coupling, 35. Second force sensor, 36. Sixth shaft, 37. First accommodation groove, 38. Second accommodation groove, 39. Screw rod, 40. Pushing block, 41. Turntable. Detailed implementation mode

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention will be further elaborated in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the present invention discloses a detection method for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint by one-time clamping. A fixture 1 3 and a fixture 2 4 are provided. The fixture 1 3 clamps the tooling ring 2 on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, and the fixture 2 4 clamps the core shaft 111 of the elastic joint. Relative movement can occur between the fixture 1 3 and the fixture 2 4. By keeping the fixture 2 4 stationary, controlling the fixture 1 3 to move back and forth along the radial direction (Z direction) of the elastic joint or controlling the fixture 1 3 to rotate along the deflection direction (B direction) of the elastic joint, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, so as to measure the radial stiffness and deflection stiffness of the elastic joint. By keeping the fixture 1 3 stationary, controlling the fixture 2 4 to move back and forth along the axial direction (X direction) of the elastic joint or controlling the fixture 2 4 to rotate along the torsion direction (A direction) of the elastic joint, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, so as to measure the axial stiffness and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint. In the present invention, the fixture 1 and the fixture 2 respectively clamp the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint and the core shaft of the elastic joint for one-time clamping. After the clamping is completed, by controlling the cooperation of the fixture 1 and the fixture 2, relative movement is driven between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint. During the process of relative movement between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, the four-way stiffnesses such as the axial, radial, torsion, and deflection stiffnesses of the elastic joint are measured. The present invention can measure the four-way stiffnesses such as the axial, radial, torsion, and deflection stiffnesses of the elastic joint with only one-time clamping, improving the detection efficiency and meeting the current detection requirements; its detection steps are convenient and simple, reducing the labor intensity of operators; its detection deviation is small, improving the accuracy of detection results.

[0065] The following specifically introduces the specific embodiments of the present invention:

[0066] Embodiment 1: As Figure 4 shown, the fixture 1 3 and the fixture 2 4 are arranged in a crosswise manner, and the elastic joint 1 is arranged at the intersection position of the fixture 1 3 and the fixture 2 4. As Figure 5 shown, the fixture 1 3 includes a U-shaped frame 311 and a pressing block 312. As Figure 6 shown, the elastic joint 1 is placed in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311. The pressing block 312 is locked on the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311 by a screw 1 5. The pressing block 312 is in contact with the tooling ring 2 on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint 1, so as to press the elastic joint 1 tightly in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311 by using the pressing block 312, so that the tooling ring 2 on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint 1 is clamped by the fixture 1 3.

[0067] First, introduce the structure of the fixture 1 3: As Figure 7As shown, an arc-shaped pad 6 is further provided within the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311. The outer peripheral surface of the arc-shaped pad 6 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311. The tooling ring 2 on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint 1 is placed on the inner peripheral surface of the arc-shaped pad 6, and the pressing block 312 presses the elastic joint 1 against the arc-shaped pad 6. Since the arc-shaped pad 6 is detachable, when the model specifications and dimensions of the tested elastic joint 1 are different, by replacing the arc-shaped pads 6 of different specifications, the position of the elastic joint 1 within the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311 can be adjusted, thus ensuring the detection accuracy. The lower end surface of the pressing block 312 is set as a conical surface 7, and the conical lower end surface of the pressing block 312 is used to contact the tooling ring 2 on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint 1, so that it is easier to position and press the elastic joint 1. As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, since the U-shaped frame 311 has a U-shaped opening, in order to further ensure the strength of the U-shaped frame 311, a detachable strengthening connecting plate 8 is also provided on the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311. After the pressing block 312 presses the elastic joint 1, the strengthening connecting plate 8 is locked to the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame 311 through the second screw 9. On the opposite two side ends of the U-shaped frame 311, a first shaft 10 and a second shaft 11 are respectively provided. The axes of the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11 are both axis E, in a coaxial position, and the axis E of the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11 is in the same horizontal plane position as the axis D of the pressed elastic joint 1, and the axis E is perpendicular to the axis D. The first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11 are respectively connected to the first dynamic loading detection system, and the first dynamic loading detection system will be introduced in detail later. When testing, the first fixture 3 can move as a whole along the axis E or rotate around the axis E, so as to achieve the purpose of testing the stiffness. A frame through-hole is opened on the U-shaped frame 311. In this embodiment, it includes a first frame through-hole 3111 and a second frame through-hole 3112. The frame through-hole serves as the staggered space with the second fixture 4. The frame through-hole is rectangular, and its length direction extends along the radial direction of the elastic joint, thus providing sufficient movement space for the fixture during the testing action and avoiding interference between the two fixtures.

[0068] Next, the structure of the second fixture 4 is introduced: As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the second fixture 4 includes a rectangular frame 411 and crossbeams. The crossbeams include a first crossbeam 412 and a second crossbeam 413. The first crossbeam 412 and the second crossbeam 413 are arranged inside the rectangular frame 411 and connected to the rectangular frame 411. A mandrel clamping mechanism 12 is provided on the first crossbeam 412 and the second crossbeam 413 for clamping both ends of the mandrel of the elastic joint 1.

[0069] The mandrel clamping mechanism 12 has two structures. In this embodiment, one structure is introduced, and the other structure will be introduced in the next embodiment. Taking the mandrel clamping mechanism on the first crossbeam 412 as an example, asFigure 10 As shown in the figure, the mandrel clamping mechanism 12 includes a first pressing block 121, a second pressing block 122, a first clamping block 123 and a second clamping block 124 arranged on the cross beam. A cross beam groove 13 is formed on the top of the cross beam, and the opening of the cross beam groove 13 faces upward. The first pressing block 121, the second pressing block 122, the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 124 are all arranged in the cross beam groove 13. One side of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 are respectively in contact with the two inner side surfaces of the cross beam groove 13. A pressing block inclined surface 14 is arranged on the other side of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122. A clamping block inclined surface 15 is arranged on one side of the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 124. The pressing block inclined surface 14 of the first pressing block 121 is in contact with the clamping block inclined surface 15 of the first clamping block 123, and the pressing block inclined surface 14 of the second pressing block 122 is in contact with the clamping block inclined surface 15 of the second clamping block 124. By controlling the downward movement of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122, the inclined surface cooperation of the pressing block and the clamping block is utilized to make the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 124 move relatively closer to clamp the mandrel of the elastic joint 1. In this embodiment, the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 are controlled to move downward by respectively passing a third screw 16 and a fourth screw 17 through the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 and screwing them into the inner bottom surface of the cross beam groove 13. That is, when it is necessary to control the downward movement of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122, the third screw 16 and the fourth screw 17 are tightened, and the nuts of the third screw 16 and the fourth screw 17 can drive the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 to move downward along the two inner side surfaces of the cross beam groove 13. When clamping the mandrel of the elastic joint, in this embodiment, it is preferably that a first cushion block 18 and a second cushion block 19 are further arranged between the first clamping block 123 and the second clamping block 124, and the first cushion block 18 and the second cushion block 19 are used to clamp the mandrel of the elastic joint 1. After the mandrel is clamped as Figure 11 shown (the screws are not shown in the figure).

[0070] As Figure 12 shown, a waist-shaped hole 20 is formed in the rectangular frame 411. The two end parts of the cross beam are connected to the rectangular frame 411 by passing a fifth screw through the waist-shaped hole 20 and screwing it into the end part of the cross beam. In this way, the position of the cross beam in the rectangular frame 411 can be adjusted. When the lengths of the elastic joints 1 are different, the two cross beams can be adjusted to appropriate positions first and then locked and connected in the rectangular frame, improving the versatility. In this embodiment, as Figure 9 shown, the rectangular frame 411 includes a long frame side 4111 and a wide frame side 4112. The long frame side 4111 is arranged along the direction parallel to the axis of the mandrel of the elastic joint. The waist-shaped hole 20 is arranged on the side of the long frame side 4111, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole 20 is parallel to the axis of the mandrel of the elastic joint. As Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, in this embodiment, T-shaped vertical through-holes 21 are provided at both ends of the cross beam. T-shaped nuts are installed in the T-shaped vertical through-holes 21. When connecting, screw five passes through the waist-shaped hole 20 and is screwed into the T-shaped nut, thereby connecting both ends of the cross beam in the rectangular frame 411. With this setting, the cross beam can be adjusted not only along the length direction of the waist-shaped hole 20 but also vertically, further improving the versatility.

[0071] As Figure 9 shown, on both side edges of the rectangular frame 411, that is, on the wide frame edges 4112, a shaft three 22 and a shaft four 23 are respectively provided. The axes of the shaft three 22 and the shaft four 23 are both axis F, in a coaxial position, and the axis F of the shaft three 22 and the shaft four 23 coincides with the axis D of the clamped elastic joint 1, that is, the axes of the shaft three 22, the shaft four 23, and the elastic joint 1 coincide with each other. The shaft three 22 and the shaft four 23 are respectively connected to the dynamic loading detection system two, which will be introduced in detail later. When testing, the fixture two 4 can move as a whole along the axis F or rotate around the axis F, so as to achieve the purpose of testing the stiffness.

[0072] Next, the structure in which the fixture one 3 and the fixture two 4 are arranged in a crosswise manner is introduced. As Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, when the fixture one 3 and the fixture two are arranged crosswise, the long frame edges 4111 of the rectangular frame 411 of the fixture two 4 pass through the frame through-holes on the U-shaped frame 311 of the fixture one 3, that is, the two long frame edges 4111 are respectively passed through the frame through-hole one 3111 and the frame through-hole two 3112; the cross beam one 412 and the cross beam two 413 of the fixture two 4 are respectively located on both sides of the U-shaped frame 311. In this way, as Figure 4 shown, during the detection process, when the fixture two 4 is kept stationary, control the fixture one 3 to move back and forth along the axis E of the axis one 10 and the axis two 11 in the fixture one 3 (the radial Z direction of the elastic joint) or control the fixture one 3 to rotate around the axis E of the axis one 10 and the axis two 11 in the fixture one 3 (the deflection B direction of the elastic joint), thereby driving the outer sleeve of the elastic joint to act through the fixture one 3, so that relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the radial stiffness and deflection stiffness of the elastic joint; when the fixture one 3 is kept stationary, control the fixture two 4 to move back and forth along the axis F of the axis three 22 and the axis four 23 in the fixture two 4 (the axial X direction of the elastic joint) or control the fixture two 4 to rotate around the axis F of the axis three 22 and the axis four 23 in the fixture two 4 (the torsion A direction of the elastic joint), thereby driving the core shaft of the elastic joint to act through the fixture two 4, so that relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the axial stiffness and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0073] The following introduces the dynamic loading detection system I connected to the first shaft and the second shaft of the first fixture: As Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11 of the first fixture 3 respectively pass through the first shaft support base 24 and the second shaft support base 25. The first shaft support base 24 and the second shaft support base 25 respectively support the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11, and the first shaft 10 can move back and forth along the first shaft support base 24 in the direction of the axis E or can rotate around the direction of the axis E along the first shaft support base 24. The second shaft 11 can move back and forth along the second shaft support base 25 in the direction of the axis E or can rotate around the direction of the axis E along the second shaft support base 25. In this embodiment, linear bearings are installed in both the first shaft support base 24 and the second shaft support base 25, and the first shaft 10 and the second shaft 11 respectively pass through the linear bearings in the first shaft support base 24 and the second shaft support base 25 and are connected in cooperation with the linear bearings.

[0074] The dynamic loading detection system I includes a deflection loading detection device 26 and a radial loading detection device 27; the first shaft 10 passing through the first shaft support base 24 is connected to the deflection loading detection device 26, and the second shaft 11 passing through the second shaft support base 25 is connected to the radial loading detection device 27.

[0075] As Figure 16 shown, the deflection loading detection device 26 includes a first servo motor 261 and a first torque sensor 262. The output shaft of the first servo motor 261 is connected to the first shaft 10 passing through the first shaft support base 24 through the first torque sensor 262; the first servo motor 261 is slidably connected to the base platform 28 through a first guide rail slider mechanism 263. As Figure 17 shown, the radial loading detection device 27 includes a first linear load power device 271 and a first axial single coupling 272. The first linear load power device 271 can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The first linear load power device 271 is hinged to the base platform 28. The second shaft 11 passing through the second shaft support base 25 is connected to one side of a first force sensor 29. The deflection loading detection device 26 further includes a fifth shaft 30. One end of the fifth shaft 30 is connected to the other side of the first force sensor 29, and the other end of the fifth shaft 30 is connected to the output shaft of the first linear load power device 271 through the first axial single coupling 272. The characteristic of the first axial single coupling 272 is that it only transmits axial loads and does not transmit radial and torsional loads. The specific connection structure here is as Figure 18As shown, an end flange 1 - 301 is provided at the other end of the fifth shaft 30, and an end flange 2 - 27111 is provided at the end of the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271. The axial one - way coupling 1 - 272 includes a coupling housing 2721. The coupling housing 2721 is column - shaped. A hole 1 - 2722 and a hole 2 - 2723 are respectively formed on the opposite sides of the coupling housing 2721. An internal groove 2724 is provided inside the coupling housing 2721. The internal groove 2724 is arranged in a complete circle along the circumferential direction of the coupling housing 2721. The other end of the fifth shaft 30 and the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271 respectively extend into the coupling housing 2721 from the hole 1 - 2722 and the hole 2 - 2723, so that the end flange 1 - 301 and the end flange 2 - 27111 are located in the internal groove 2724, thereby connecting the other end of the fifth shaft 30 to the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271 through the axial one - way coupling 1 - 272. In this way, the axial load can be transmitted between the fifth shaft 30 and the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271; however, in the case of radial and torsional loads, since the fifth shaft 30 and the output shaft 1 - 2711 are of a split structure, the radial and torsional loads cannot be transmitted between the fifth shaft 30 and the output shaft 1 - 2711.

[0076] As Figure 15 shown, when specifically detecting the radial stiffness: keep the second fixture 4 fixed, so that the mandrel 111 of the elastic joint 1 is fixed, and control the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271 to move linearly along the axis E, thereby successively driving the fifth shaft 30, the second shaft 11, the U - shaped frame 311, the first shaft 10, and the first servo - motor 261 to move linearly. Since the U - shaped frame 311 is connected to the outer sleeve 112 of the elastic joint 1, therefore, the outer sleeve 112 will also move linearly along the axis E, causing relative movement between the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint to measure the radial stiffness of the elastic joint;

[0077] When specifically detecting the deflection stiffness: keep the second fixture 4 fixed, so that the mandrel 111 of the elastic joint 1 is fixed, and control the output shaft of the first servo - motor 261 to rotate around the axis E, thereby successively driving the first shaft 10, the U - shaped frame 311, the second shaft 11, and the fifth shaft 30 to rotate. Under the action of the axial one - way coupling 1 - 272, the output shaft 1 - 2711 of the linear load power device 1 - 271 will not rotate. Since the U - shaped frame 311 is connected to the outer sleeve 112 of the elastic joint 1, therefore, the outer sleeve 112 will also rotate around the axis E by a certain angle, causing relative movement between the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint to measure the deflection stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0078] Secondly, introduce the second dynamic load detection system connected to the third and fourth shafts of the second fixture: As Figure 14and Figure 15 As shown, the third shaft 22 and the fourth shaft 23 of the second fixture 4 respectively pass through the third shaft support seat 31 and the fourth shaft support seat 32. The third shaft support seat 31 and the fourth shaft support seat 32 respectively support the third shaft 22 and the fourth shaft 23, and the third shaft 22 can move back and forth along the third shaft support seat 31 in the direction of the axis F or can rotate around the direction of the axis F along the third shaft support seat 31. The fourth shaft 23 can move back and forth along the fourth shaft support seat 32 in the direction of the axis F or can rotate around the direction of the axis F along the fourth shaft support seat 32. In this embodiment, linear bearings are installed in both the third shaft support seat 31 and the fourth shaft support seat 32. The third shaft 22 and the fourth shaft 23 are respectively connected in cooperation with the linear bearings in the third shaft support seat 31 and the fourth shaft support seat 32 by passing through the linear bearings. The main cooperation principle between the above-mentioned first to fourth shafts and the first to fourth shaft support seats is that after the shaft passes through the shaft support seat, the shaft itself can not only move axially or rotate around the axis, but also the radial movement of the shaft itself can be restricted by the shaft support seat.

[0079] The second dynamic loading detection system includes a torsional loading detection device 33 and an axial loading detection device 34; the third shaft 22 passing through the third shaft support seat 31 is connected to the torsional loading detection device 33, and the fourth shaft 23 passing through the fourth shaft support seat 32 is connected to the axial loading detection device 34.

[0080] The structures of the torsional loading detection device 33 and the deflection loading detection device 26 are the same, that is, as Figure 15 shown, the torsional loading detection device 33 includes a second servo motor 331 and a second torque sensor 332. The output shaft of the second servo motor 331 is connected to the third shaft 22 passing through the third shaft support seat 31 through the second torque sensor 332; the second servo motor 331 is slidably connected to the base platform 28 through a second guide rail slider mechanism 333. The structures of the axial loading detection device 34 and the radial loading detection device 27 are the same, that is, as Figure 15As shown in the figure, the axial loading detection device 34 includes a linear load power device II 341 and an axial one-way coupling II 342. The linear load power device II 341 can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder. The linear load power device II 341 is hinged on the base platform 28. The shaft IV 23 passing through the shaft support IV 32 is connected to one side of the force sensor II 35. The axial loading detection device 34 further includes a shaft VI 36. One end of the shaft VI 36 is connected to the other side of the force sensor II 35, and the other end of the shaft VI 36 is connected to the output shaft II of the linear load power device II 341 through the axial one-way coupling II 342. The structures of the axial one-way coupling II 342 and the axial one-way coupling I 272 are the same. Their characteristic is also that they only transmit axial loads and do not transmit radial and torsional loads. The specific connection structure here is as follows: An end flange III is provided at the other end of the shaft VI, and an end flange IV is provided at the end of the output shaft II of the linear load power device II. The axial one-way coupling II includes a coupling housing. The coupling housing is columnar. Holes III and IV are respectively opened on the opposite sides of the coupling housing. An internal groove is provided inside the coupling housing. The internal groove is provided in a complete circle along the circumferential direction of the coupling housing. The other end of the shaft VI and the output shaft II of the linear load power device II respectively extend into the coupling housing from holes III and IV, so that the end flange III and the end flange IV are located in the internal groove, thereby connecting the other end of the shaft VI to the output shaft II of the linear load power device II through the axial one-way coupling II. In this way, the axial load can be transmitted between the shaft VI and the output shaft II of the linear load power device II; however, in the case of radial and torsional loads, since the shaft VI and the output shaft II are separated structures, the radial and torsional loads cannot be transmitted between the shaft VI and the output shaft II.

[0081] As Figure 15 shown in the figure, when specifically detecting the axial stiffness: Keep the fixture I 3 fixed and immovable, so that the outer sleeve 112 of the elastic joint 1 is fixed and immovable. Control the output shaft II 3411 of the linear load power device II 341 to move linearly along the axis F, thereby successively driving the shaft VI 36, the shaft IV 23, the rectangular frame 411, the shaft III 22 and the servo motor II 331 to move linearly. Since the rectangular frame 411 is connected to the core shaft 111 of the elastic joint 1, therefore, the core shaft 111 will also move linearly along the axis F, causing relative movement between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint to measure the axial stiffness of the elastic joint;

[0082] When specifically detecting the torsional stiffness: Keep the fixture 1 3 stationary, so that the outer sleeve 112 of the elastic joint 1 is stationary. Control the output shaft of the servo motor 2 331 to rotate around the shaft F, thereby driving the shaft three 22, the rectangular frame 411, the shaft four 23, and the shaft six 36 to rotate in sequence. Under the action of the axial one-way coupling 2 342, the output shaft 3411 of the linear load power device 2 341 will not rotate. Since the rectangular frame 411 is connected to the core shaft 111 of the elastic joint 1, therefore, the core shaft 111 will also rotate around the shaft F by a certain angle, causing relative movement between the outer sleeve and the core shaft of the elastic joint, so as to measure the torsional stiffness of the elastic joint.

[0083] This embodiment can be further improved to achieve automated operation, that is, start the pre-compiled automatic detection program. The radial loading detection device, the axial loading detection device, the deflection loading detection device, and the torsional loading detection device load independently in sequence according to the pre-set program, causing the elastic joint to deform. And through the data acquisition system, collect and process the relevant load and displacement data during the deformation process, and then automatically calculate the stiffness result and make a determination.

[0084] Embodiment 2: Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference lies in that the structure of the core shaft clamping mechanism 12 on the fixture 2 4 is different. As Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown, taking the mandrel clamping mechanism on the crossbeam two 413 as an example, the mandrel clamping mechanism 12 includes a first pressing block 121 and a second pressing block 122 arranged on the crossbeam. A crossbeam groove 13 is formed on one side of the crossbeam. The opening of the crossbeam groove 13 faces the axis direction of the mandrel of the elastic rubber joint. The two side edges of the crossbeam groove 13 are arranged as inclined surfaces. One side surface of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 is also arranged as an inclined surface. The inclined side surfaces of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the two side edges of the crossbeam groove 13. A first receiving groove 37 and a second receiving groove 38 are respectively arranged on the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 near the inner bottom position of the crossbeam groove 13. The openings of the first receiving groove 37 and the second receiving groove 38 face each other, so that the first receiving groove 37 and the second receiving groove 38 form a receiving space. A threaded hole is arranged on the other side of the crossbeam. A screw 39 passes through the threaded hole and is connected to a push block 40. The push block 40 is located in the receiving space. When the screw 39 is rotated, the push block 40 is used to push the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 to move along the two side edges of the crossbeam groove 13 respectively. Since the inclined side surfaces of the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the two side edges of the crossbeam groove 13, the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122 will gradually approach and clamp the mandrel 111 of the elastic joint 1, and finally clamp the mandrel 111 of the elastic joint 1. To facilitate the rotation of the screw 39, a turntable 41 can be arranged at one end of the screw 39. When clamping the mandrel of the elastic joint, in this embodiment, it is preferably that a first cushion block 18 and a second cushion block 19 are also arranged between the first pressing block 121 and the second pressing block 122, and the first cushion block 18 and the second cushion block 19 are used to clamp the mandrel of the elastic joint 1. After the mandrel is clamped as Figure 20 shown.

[0085] In summary, in the present invention, two jigs are provided to clamp the mandrel of the elastic joint and the tooling ring on the outer sleeve respectively, and the two jigs can move relative to each other; by using the coordinated actions of the two jigs, relative movement is generated between the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint, so as to measure the four-way stiffnesses such as the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness and torsional stiffness of the elastic joint. In this way, when detecting in the present invention, only one clamping of the elastic joint is required, and the four-way stiffnesses such as the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness and torsional stiffness of the elastic joint can be detected, thus avoiding the complex tooling changeover, clamping and program debugging required for the detection of different stiffness performances of the same joint part, and qualitatively improving the operability of the detection. Further, regarding the tensile and compressive loading of the elastic joint, in the existing test methods, the tooling clamping and connection are very complex and time-consuming, and the detection accuracy is not high. It often requires repeated disassembly, installation and inspection, and the efficiency is extremely low. However, for the one-time clamping detection method of the elastic joint described in the present invention, its installation method is naturally applicable to the tensile and compressive bidirectional loads. Therefore, for this type of detection, the effect of improving the efficiency is more obvious. It is expected that the detection efficiency can be increased by at least 200%, or even increased by 500% or higher. At the same time, the accuracy of the detection can be guaranteed, which has a positive impact on the improvement of the detection ability of the elastic joint parts and the development of the entire industry. The first jig and the second jig are arranged in a crosswise staggered manner, and the elastic joint is arranged at the intersection position of the first jig and the second jig, thus realizing the relative movement between the two jigs, and ensuring the normal progress of the four-way stiffness detection work. Through the specific structural design of the two jigs, the structure in which the first jig and the second jig are arranged in a crosswise staggered manner is realized, ensuring that the four-way stiffness detection work can be smoothly carried out on the premise that the outer sleeve and the mandrel of the elastic joint are respectively clamped by the two jigs. Through the specific design of the dynamic loading detection system, the clamping operation process of the present invention can be standardized and automated, and the detection efficiency is high; and the detection result completely depends on the structure and precision of the equipment itself, and is hardly affected by the experience and ability of the detection personnel.

[0086] In the above embodiments, the "multiple" mentioned refers to the quantity of "two or more". The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical fields can also make various changes or transformations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by each claim.

Claims

1. An inspection device for measuring the four-way stiffness of an elastic joint by one-time clamping, characterized in that: It includes fixture one and fixture two. Fixture one is used to clamp the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, and fixture two is used to clamp the core shaft of the elastic joint. Fixture one and fixture two are arranged in a crosswise manner. The elastic joint is clamped at the intersection position of fixture one and fixture two. Fixture one and fixture two can move relative to each other, and fixture one can move back and forth in the radial direction of the elastic joint or rotate in the deflection direction of the elastic joint. Fixture two can move back and forth in the axial direction of the elastic joint or rotate in the torsion direction of the elastic joint. Through the cooperation of fixture one and fixture two, the radial stiffness, deflection stiffness, axial stiffness, and torsion stiffness of the elastic joint are measured. Fixture one includes a U-shaped frame and a pressing block. The elastic joint is placed in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame, and the pressing block is locked on the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame. The pressing block contacts the tooling ring on the outer sleeve of the elastic joint, so as to press the elastic joint tightly in the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped frame by using the pressing block. Fixture two includes a rectangular frame and a cross beam. The cross beam includes cross beam one and cross beam two. Cross beam one and cross beam two are arranged inside the rectangular frame and connected to the rectangular frame. A core shaft clamping mechanism is arranged on cross beam one and cross beam two for clamping both ends of the core shaft of the elastic joint.

2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core shaft clamping mechanism includes pressing block one, pressing block two, pressing block one, and pressing block two arranged on the cross beam. A cross beam groove is opened on the top of the cross beam, and the opening of the cross beam groove faces upward. Pressing block one, pressing block two, pressing block one, and pressing block two are all arranged in the cross beam groove. One side of pressing block one and pressing block two respectively contacts the two inner side surfaces of the cross beam groove. The other sides of pressing block one and pressing block two are both provided with pressing block inclined surfaces. One side of pressing block one and pressing block two are both provided with pressing block inclined surfaces. The pressing block inclined surface of pressing block one contacts the pressing block inclined surface of pressing block one, and the pressing block inclined surface of pressing block two contacts the pressing block inclined surface of pressing block two.

3. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core shaft clamping mechanism includes pressing block one and pressing block two arranged on the cross beam. A cross beam groove is opened on one side of the cross beam, and the opening of the cross beam groove faces the axis direction of the core shaft of the elastic rubber joint. The two sides of the cross beam groove are set as inclined surfaces. One side surfaces of pressing block one and pressing block two are also set as inclined surfaces. The inclined side surfaces of pressing block one and pressing block two respectively cooperate and contact with the inclined surfaces of the two sides of the cross beam groove. Accommodation grooves one and accommodation grooves two are respectively arranged on pressing block one and pressing block two at positions close to the inner bottom of the cross beam groove. The openings of accommodation grooves one and accommodation grooves two face each other, so that accommodation grooves one and accommodation grooves two form an accommodation space. A threaded hole is arranged on the other side of the cross beam, and a screw passes through the threaded hole and is connected to a push block. The push block is located in the accommodation space.

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