A device and method for measuring rock and soil shrinkage performance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for measuring rock and soil shrinkage properties, relating to the field of rock and soil testing technology. The device comprises a base and a plurality of legs disposed at its lower end. A rotating platform is disposed above the base. A plurality of rotating support wheels are arranged in an array at the lower end of the rotating platform and are in contact with the upper end surface of the base. The rotating platform is connected to a rotating mechanism for driving its rotation. A fixed column is disposed in the middle of the upper end of the base. The fixed column and the rotating platform are rotatably connected via a bearing. The present invention uniformly compacts the rock and soil columns, thereby avoiding the problem of inconsistent data caused by manual operation and improving the accuracy of the experiment. The height of the rock and soil columns can also be adjusted according to different experimental requirements. At the same time, the rock and soil columns can be placed on the inner wall of a groove for testing. The influence of adhesion between the inner wall of the groove and the surrounding rock and soil columns can also be eliminated, reducing interference with the rock and soil columns, thereby obtaining different test data and improving the reliability of the experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil testing, and in particular to a rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device and method. Background Art

[0002] The properties of fine-grained soil mainly depend on the connection and density, which are related to the clay content, consistency, and porosity. The moisture content of fine-grained soil also affects the plasticity, shrinkage, expansion, permeability, compressibility, shear resistance and other properties of fine-grained soil. When testing the shrinkage characteristics of fine-grained soil samples at home and abroad, the minimum deformation of the soil sample within the coverage range is generally tested. When testing the shrinkage performance of rock and soil, the existing technology is extremely inconvenient when conducting tests. For example, a multi-directional measurement device for rock and soil shrinkage performance with patent announcement number CN211317224U Although supports are provided with grooves for placing rock and soil on the supports, and laser displacement sensors are used to measure the surroundings of the rock and soil columns, it is very inconvenient to take and place the rock and soil here, and it is all done manually, which can easily cause uneven compaction during landfilling, seriously affecting the accuracy of subsequent tests. In addition, when using laser displacement sensors to detect the surroundings of the rock and soil columns, it is not easy to detect the shrinkage state of the upper end face of a single rock and soil column, and data acquisition is difficult. Based on this, a rock and soil shrinkage performance measurement device and method are now provided. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring rock and soil shrinkage properties to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A device for measuring rock and soil shrinkage performance includes a base and several legs arranged at the lower end thereof, a rotating platform is provided above the base, and a plurality of rotating support wheels are distributed in an array at the lower end of the rotating platform and are in pressure contact with the upper end surface of the base, the rotating platform is connected to a rotating mechanism for driving it to rotate, a fixed column is provided in the middle position of the upper end of the base, the fixed column and the rotating platform are rotatably connected by a bearing, an installation positioning plate is provided at the upper end of the fixed column, a mixing loading cylinder for caching rock and soil is provided on the left side of the installation positioning plate, a mixing mechanism for mixing rock and soil is provided on the mixing loading cylinder, a sample forming mechanism for quickly forming rock and soil columns is provided on the rotating platform, and a detection mechanism for detecting and measuring the height of rock and soil columns is provided on the right side of the installation positioning plate opposite to the mixing loading cylinder.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solutions:

[0007] In an optional scheme: the sample molding mechanism includes a transmission cavity arranged inside the rotating table, and a plurality of filling cavities for convenient rock and soil filling are distributed on the upper end of the rotating table where the transmission cavity is located. The filling cavity is connected to the transmission cavity, and a filling piston plate is slidingly provided in each filling cavity. The lower end of each filling piston plate is connected to a molding pusher for driving it to move up and down. The lifting position of the filling piston plate can be adjusted by the molding pusher. The upper end surface of the rotating table is also provided with a sealing plate flush with the bottom of the mixing loading barrel.

[0008] In an optional solution: the detection mechanism includes a detection mounting plate arranged above the rotating table, the detection mounting plate is connected and fixed to the mounting positioning plate through a connecting frame, and a plurality of laser displacement sensors corresponding to the position of the filling cavity are provided at the lower end of the detection mounting plate. Each laser displacement sensor is composed of a rotating block and a plurality of laser displacement sensors arranged at its lower end, and the rotating block is connected to a scanning motor for driving its rotation.

[0009] In an optional solution, each filler piston plate is provided with a heating block for heating the rock column.

[0010] In an optional solution: a unloading mechanism for removing the rock and soil columns after the experiment is provided on the right side of the mounting positioning plate, and the unloading mechanism includes a unloading push plate slidably arranged on the upper end of the rotating table, and the unloading push plate is connected to a unloading push rod for pushing it to slide, and the unloading push rod is arranged on the mounting positioning plate, and a material receiving box for receiving waste materials is provided on the right side of the base.

[0011] In an optional solution: the forming push member includes a pushing horizontal plate arranged inside the transmission cavity, a plurality of pushing connecting rods are distributed on the upper end of the pushing horizontal plate, the upper end of each pushing connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of a filling piston plate, a lifting column is provided in the middle position of the lower end of the pushing horizontal plate, the lifting column is slidably arranged in the lifting sleeve, a lifting motor is provided at the bottom of the lifting sleeve, an adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the lifting motor, the upper end of the adjusting screw corresponds to the adjusting screw hole inside the lifting column, and a vibration motor is provided at the lower end of the pushing horizontal plate for generating vibration to make the rock and soil column in each filling cavity filled thickly.

[0012] In an optional scheme: the mixing mechanism includes a motor mount mounted above the mixing loading barrel, a motor mount is provided in the middle position of the motor mount, a mixing motor is installed on the upper end of the motor mount, a stirring shaft is provided at the output end of the mixing motor, two stirring slides are symmetrically provided on the outer side of the lower end of the stirring shaft, a stirring sleeve is provided on the sliding sleeve outside the stirring slide, the cross-section of the stirring sleeve and the stirring slide is rectangular, a plurality of stirring rods arranged at equal intervals are distributed on the lower side of the stirring sleeve, the stirring rods extend to the bottom of the mixing loading barrel, a vertically arranged offset vertical rod is provided at the upper end of the stirring sleeve, the offset vertical rod is connected and fixed to the mixing shaft by a reset spring, an offset roller is rotatably provided at the upper end of the reset spring, an auxiliary offset ring is fixed on the lower side of the motor mount where the offset roller is located, and a plurality of offset protrusions are distributed on the inner wall of the auxiliary offset ring, which are pressed and contacted with the offset roller.

[0013] In an optional solution: the rotating mechanism includes a through-hole arranged in the middle position of the rotating table, and a driven gear ring is provided on the lower side of the through-hole. The driven gear ring is engaged with the rotating drive gear, and the rotating drive gear is connected to the rotating drive motor for driving it to rotate.

[0014] In an optional solution: the rotating platform is also provided with several storage piston chambers for storing different rocks and soils, and a pushing piston plate is slidingly provided in each storage piston chamber, and the pushing piston plate is connected to a piston push rod for driving it to slide up and down, and a sliding door group is provided at the upper end of each storage piston chamber, and the sliding door group includes two symmetrically arranged door opening slots, and a movable door is slidingly provided in each door opening slot, and each movable door is connected to a door opening push rod for driving it to slide along the door opening slot, and a traction groove is provided on the rotating platform where the door opening slot is located to facilitate the sliding of the output end of the door opening push rod, and the upper port of the storage piston chamber corresponds to the diameter of the lower port of the mixing loading barrel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention uniformly compacts the rock and soil columns to avoid the problem of inconsistent data caused by manual operation, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0017] 2. The present invention can quickly complete the formation of geotechnical columns, and can also adjust the height of the geotechnical columns according to different experimental requirements. At the same time, the geotechnical columns can be placed on the inner wall of the groove for testing, and the influence of adhesion between the inner wall of the groove and the surrounding of the geotechnical columns can be eliminated, thereby reducing interference with the geotechnical columns, thereby obtaining different test data and improving the reliability of the experiment;

[0018] 3. The present invention provides piston chambers for storing rocks and soils of different properties, thereby facilitating the rapid replacement of experimental objects and satisfying the requirements for rapid testing of different rock and soil properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a mixing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rock and soil column after forming in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged view of the structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Notes on the accompanying drawings: base 11, rotary drive motor 12, rotary drive gear 13, fixed column 14, driven gear ring 15, piston push rod 16, rotary table 17, door opening push rod 18, door opening slide 19, pushing piston plate 20, movable door 21, storage piston chamber 22, unloading push plate 23, unloading push rod 24, installation positioning plate 25, stirring shaft 26, return spring 27, auxiliary offset ring 28, motor base 29, mixing motor 30, offset roller 31, offset vertical rod 32, motor base frame 33, stirring slide rod 34, stirring sleeve 35, stirring rod 36, mixing loading barrel 37, filling chamber 38, filling piston plate 39, pushing horizontal plate 40, rotating support wheel 41, vibration motor 42, lifting sleeve 43, lifting column 44, lifting motor 45, material receiving box 46, laser displacement sensor 47, detection mounting plate 48. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In one embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device includes a base 11 and a plurality of legs arranged at the lower end thereof, a rotating platform 17 is provided above the base 11, and a plurality of rotating support wheels 41 are distributed in an array at the lower end of the rotating platform 17 and are in contact with the upper end surface of the base 11, and the rotating platform 17 is connected to a rotating mechanism for driving the rotation thereof, a fixed column 14 is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the base 11, and the fixed column 14 is rotatably connected to the rotating platform 17 through a bearing, and a mounting positioning plate 25 is provided at the upper end of the fixed column 14, and a concrete mixing plate 25 for caching rock and soil is provided on the left side of the mounting positioning plate 25. The mixing loading cylinder 37 is provided with a mixing mechanism for mixing rock and soil, and the rotating table 17 is provided with a sample forming mechanism for quickly forming a rock and soil column relative to the mixing loading cylinder 37, so that there is no need to disassemble and assemble the sample according to the existing technology, thereby reducing the influence of external interference factors. The right side of the mounting positioning plate 25 opposite to the mixing loading cylinder 37 is provided with a detection mechanism for detecting and measuring rock and soil properties. The detection mechanism, sample forming mechanism, mixing mechanism and rotating mechanism are electrically connected to the control panel, and the control panel is provided with a touch screen, so that the height of the rock and soil column can be quickly digitally displayed;

[0027] The detection mechanism includes a detection mounting plate 48 disposed above the rotating table 17. The detection mounting plate 48 is fixedly connected to the mounting positioning plate 25 via a connecting frame. A plurality of laser displacement sensors 47 corresponding to the positions of the filling chambers 38 are disposed at the lower end of the detection mounting plate 48. Each laser displacement sensor 47 is composed of a rotating block and a plurality of laser displacement sensors disposed at its lower end. The rotating block is connected to a scanning motor for driving its rotation. In this way, the height of the upper end face of the corresponding geotechnical column can be detected, thereby determining the shrinkage amplitude of the corresponding geotechnical column top.

[0028] The sample forming mechanism includes a transmission chamber arranged inside the rotating table 17. A plurality of filling chambers 38 for filling rock and soil are distributed on the upper end of the rotating table 17 where the transmission chamber is located. The filling chamber 38 is connected to the transmission chamber. A filling piston plate 39 is slidably provided in each filling chamber 38. The lower end of each filling piston plate 39 is connected to a forming pusher for driving it to move up and down. The lifting position of the filling piston plate 39 can be adjusted by the forming pusher, so that the actual filling depth of the filling chamber 38 can be adjusted. This forming method can also adjust the height of the rock and soil column according to needs, and is also convenient for removing the rock and soil column after the experiment is completed.

[0029] During the experiment, the rotating table 17 is first rotated so that the sample forming mechanism is located below the mixing loading cylinder 37. At this time, the rock and soil material inside the mixing loading cylinder 37 will be filled into the filling cavity 38. After the filling is completed, the mixing loading cylinder 37 is further rotated so that the excess rock and soil material above the filling cavity 38 will be retained in the mixing loading cylinder 37. When the sample forming mechanism is transferred to the bottom of the testing mechanism, the performance test of the rock and soil column is realized.

[0030] Here, the position of the packing piston plate 39 can be kept different, and only the shrinkage performance of the top of the rock and soil column needs to be tested. The initial test is to retain the rock and soil column inside the packing cavity 38. At this time, there is a problem. The inner wall of the packing cavity 38 will produce adhesion to the outside of the rock and soil column, affecting the accuracy of the experiment. Later, the packing piston plate 39 is raised, thereby pushing the rock and soil column out of the packing cavity 38, so that the rock and soil column loses the traction of the external force around it, eliminating this interference, so that further testing of the experiment can be carried out.

[0031] Each packing piston plate 39 is provided with a heating block for heating the rock column. This design can accelerate the loss of water in the rock column and reduce the cycle value of the experiment.

[0032] A discharge mechanism for taking out the rock and soil columns after the experiment is provided on the right side of the mounting positioning plate 25. The discharge mechanism includes a discharge push plate 23 slidably arranged on the upper end of the rotating table 17. The discharge push plate 23 is connected to a discharge push rod 24 for pushing it to slide. The discharge push rod 24 is provided on the mounting positioning plate 25. A material receiving box 46 for receiving waste materials is provided on the right side of the base 11. In this way, after a single experiment is completed, the discharge push plate 23 can be pushed by the discharge push rod 24 to send the used rock and soil columns into the material receiving box 46, thereby completing the discharge.

[0033] The forming pusher includes a pushing transverse plate 40 arranged inside the transmission cavity, and a plurality of pushing connecting rods are distributed on the upper end of the pushing transverse plate 40, and the upper end of each pushing connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of a filling piston plate 39. A lifting column 44 is provided at the middle position of the lower end of the pushing transverse plate 40, and the lifting column 44 is slidably arranged in the lifting sleeve 43. A lifting motor 45 is provided at the bottom of the lifting sleeve 43, and an adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the lifting motor 45. The upper end of the adjusting screw corresponds to the adjusting screw hole inside the lifting column 44 under the action of the lifting motor 45, and the adjusting screw and the lifting column 44 rotate relative to each other. Under the action of the thread, the lifting column 44 will slide along the inner wall of the lifting sleeve 43, thereby providing power for the height adjustment of the pushing transverse plate 40. The threaded transmission is adopted here to ensure the accuracy of the movement of the filling piston plate 39. The lower end of the pushing transverse plate 40 is provided with a vibration motor 42 for generating vibration to make the rock and soil column in each filling cavity 38 filled thickly;

[0034] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the mixing mechanism includes a motor mount 33 mounted above a mixing loading barrel 37, a motor mount 29 is provided in the middle position of the motor mount 33, a mixing motor 30 is installed on the upper end of the motor mount 29, and a stirring shaft 26 is provided at the output end of the mixing motor 30, two stirring slides 34 are symmetrically provided on the outer side of the lower end of the stirring shaft 26, a stirring sleeve 35 is provided on the sliding sleeve outside the stirring slide 34, the cross-section of the stirring sleeve 35 and the stirring slide 34 is rectangular, a number of stirring rods 36 arranged at equal intervals are distributed on the lower side of the stirring sleeve 35, the stirring rod 36 extends to the bottom of the mixing loading barrel 37, a vertically arranged offset vertical rod 32 is provided on the upper end of the stirring sleeve 35, the offset vertical rod 32 is connected and fixed to the stirring shaft 26 by a reset spring 27, and the reset spring The upper end of the spring 27 is provided with an offset roller 31 for rotation, and an auxiliary offset ring 28 is fixed to the lower side of the motor mount 33 where the offset roller 31 is located. The inner wall of the auxiliary offset ring 28 is provided with a plurality of offset protrusions that press against the offset roller 31. In this way, when the mixing motor 30 drives the stirring slide rod 34 to mix the rock and soil in the mixing loading barrel 37, as the stirring sleeve 35 rotates, the offset vertical rod 32 located thereon will also rotate inside the auxiliary offset ring 28, and the offset protrusion inside the auxiliary offset ring 28 will intermittently hit the offset roller 31, and then cooperate with the reset spring 27 to make the stirring sleeve 35 slide back and forth along the stirring slide rod 34, so that the mixing effect of the rock and soil can be effectively improved, and the consistency of the specifications of the subsequent rock and soil columns can be ensured, thereby eliminating the experimental error problem caused by traditional manual operation;

[0035] The rotating mechanism includes a through-hole provided in the middle of the rotating platform 17, and a driven gear ring 15 is provided on the lower side of the through-hole. The driven gear ring 15 is meshed with a rotating drive gear 13. The rotating drive gear 13 is connected to a rotating drive motor 12 for driving the rotating drive motor 12 to rotate the rotating drive gear 13. The rotating drive gear 13 cooperates with the driven gear ring 15 to drive the rotating platform 17 to rotate, thereby providing power for the rotation.

[0036] In order to enable the device to conduct experiments on rocks and soils of different components, the rotating table 17 is also provided with a number of storage piston chambers 22 for storing different rocks and soils, and a push piston plate 20 is slidably provided in each storage piston chamber 22, and the push piston plate 20 is connected to the piston push rod 16 for driving it to slide up and down, and a sliding door group is provided at the upper end of each storage piston chamber 22, and the sliding door group includes two symmetrically arranged door opening slots 19, and a movable door 21 is slidably provided in each door opening slot 19, and each movable door 21 is connected to drive it to slide along the door opening slot 19. The door opening push rod 18 and the rotating platform 17 where the door opening slide 19 is located are provided with a traction notch for sliding the output end of the door opening push rod 18. The upper end of the storage piston chamber 22 corresponds to the diameter of the lower end of the mixing loading barrel 37. When the rock and soil for the experiment needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to transfer the corresponding storage piston chamber 22 to the lower side of the mixing loading barrel 37, and then open the sliding door group through the door opening push rod 18. Subsequently, the rock and soil materials inside the mixing loading barrel 37 will fall onto the pushing piston plate 20. At this time, the piston push rod 16 drives the pushing piston plate 20 to descend to complete the storage of the rock and soil materials.

[0037] It should be noted that the area covered by the movable door 21 here is larger than the area of the lower port of the mixing and loading cylinder 37, so there is no need to worry about rock and soil entering the chute;

[0038] Then, the rotating table 17 is rotated to transfer the storage piston chamber 22 storing another type of rock and soil to the bottom of the mixing loading barrel 37. Then, the sliding door group at the upper end of the storage piston chamber 22 is opened, and the piston push rod 16 drives the pushing piston plate 20 to move upward, so that the rock and soil inside the storage piston chamber 22 enters the mixing loading barrel 37 from bottom to top. The sliding door group is closed, and the sample forming mechanism is transferred here to manufacture rock and soil columns of the corresponding composition.

[0039] In this way, experimental operations can be carried out on rock and soil columns with different compositions, which facilitates the rapid switching of experimental operations;

[0040] The above embodiment discloses a device and method for measuring rock and soil shrinkage properties, wherein the rock and soil material inside the mixing and loading barrel 37 is quickly and evenly mixed by a mixing mechanism, and then the rotating table 17 is driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism to transfer the sample forming mechanism to the bottom of the mixing and loading barrel 37. The raising and lowering position of the filling piston plate 39 can be adjusted by a forming pusher, so that the actual filling depth of the filling chamber 38 can be adjusted, so that the height of the rock and soil column can be adjusted as needed. After the rock and soil column is obtained, the rotating table 17 is driven to continue rotating by the rotating mechanism, so that the sample forming mechanism is transferred to the bottom of the detection mechanism, thereby completing the experiment on the rock and soil column.

[0041] During the experiment: the position of the packing piston plate 39 is kept different, and only the shrinkage performance of the top of the rock and soil column needs to be tested. The preliminary test is to retain the rock and soil column inside the packing cavity 38, and use the detection mechanism to detect the height of the top of the rock and soil inside each packing cavity 38, thereby testing the shrinkage performance of the rock and soil;

[0042] Then, another rock column made of the same rock is replaced, and the filler piston plate 39 is raised to push the rock column out of the filler cavity 38, so that the rock column loses the external traction around it, eliminating the interference in this aspect, so that the shrinkage performance of the top of the rock column can be further tested. In this way, the rock column can be tested from another angle, making the test more accurate.

[0043] The upper end surface of the rotating table 17 is also provided with a sealing plate that is flush with the bottom of the mixing loading cylinder 37. The sealing plate is used to seal the top of the filling cavity 38, and then the rock and soil column is pushed by the forming pusher, so that the rock and soil column is formed more solidly, which is convenient for later inspection. This compaction method is carried out in a unified manner to avoid the disadvantages caused by manual operation.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device, comprising a base (11) and a plurality of legs arranged at the lower end thereof, wherein a rotating platform (17) is provided above the base (11), a plurality of rotating support wheels (41) are arranged in an array at the lower end of the rotating platform (17) and are in contact with the upper end surface of the base (11), and the rotating platform (17) is connected to a rotating mechanism for driving the rotating platform; It is characterized in that A fixed column (14) is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the base (11), and the fixed column (14) is rotatably connected to the rotating platform (17) through a bearing. A mounting positioning plate (25) is provided at the upper end of the fixed column (14), and a mixing loading cylinder (37) for caching rock and soil is provided on the left side of the mounting positioning plate (25). A mixing mechanism for mixing rock and soil is provided on the mixing loading cylinder (37). A sample forming mechanism for quickly forming a rock and soil column is provided on the rotating platform (17) opposite to the mixing loading cylinder (37). A detection mechanism for detecting and measuring the height of the rock and soil column is provided on the right side of the mounting positioning plate (25) opposite to the mixing loading cylinder (37). The sample forming mechanism includes a transmission cavity arranged inside a rotating table (17), and a plurality of filling cavities (38) for filling rock and soil are distributed on the upper end of the rotating table (17) where the transmission cavity is located. The filling cavity (38) is connected to the transmission cavity, and a filling piston plate (39) is slidingly provided in each filling cavity (38). The lower end of each filling piston plate (39) is connected to a forming pusher for driving it to move up and down. The lifting position of the filling piston plate (39) can be adjusted by the forming pusher. The upper end surface of the rotating table (17) is also provided with a sealing plate flush with the bottom of the mixing loading cylinder (37); Each packing piston plate (39) is provided with a heating block for heating the rock column.

2. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection mechanism includes a detection mounting plate (48) arranged above the rotating table (17), the detection mounting plate (48) being connected and fixed to the mounting positioning plate (25) via a connecting frame, and a plurality of laser displacement sensors (47) corresponding to the positions of the filling chamber (38) being provided at the lower end of the detection mounting plate (48), each laser displacement sensor (47) being composed of a rotating block and a plurality of laser displacement sensors arranged at the lower end thereof, the rotating block being connected to a scanning motor for driving the rotating block.

3. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge mechanism for removing the rock and soil column after the experiment is provided on the right side of the installation positioning plate (25), and the discharge mechanism includes a discharge push plate (23) slidably arranged on the upper end of the rotating table (17), and the discharge push plate (23) is connected to a discharge push rod (24) for pushing it to slide, and the discharge push rod (24) is provided on the installation positioning plate (25). A material receiving box (46) for receiving waste materials is provided on the right side of the base (11).

4. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming pusher includes a push plate (40) arranged inside the transmission cavity, a plurality of push connecting rods are distributed on the upper end of the push plate (40), the upper end of each push connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of a filling piston plate (39), a lifting column (44) is provided at the middle position of the lower end of the push plate (40), the lifting column (44) is slidably arranged in the lifting sleeve (43), a lifting motor (45) is provided at the bottom of the lifting sleeve (43), an adjusting screw is provided at the output end of the lifting motor (45), the upper end of the adjusting screw corresponds to the adjusting screw hole inside the lifting column (44), and a vibration motor (42) is provided at the lower end of the push plate (40) for generating vibration to make the rock and soil column in each filling cavity (38) filled thickly.

5. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing mechanism includes a motor mount (33) mounted above a mixing material loading barrel (37), a motor mount (29) being provided in the middle of the motor mount (33), a mixing motor (30) being mounted on the upper end of the motor mount (29), a stirring shaft (26) being provided at the output end of the mixing motor (30), two stirring slide bars (34) being symmetrically provided on the outer side of the lower end of the stirring shaft (26), a stirring sleeve (35) being provided on the outer sliding sleeve of the stirring slide bar (34), the cross-sections of the stirring sleeve (35) and the stirring slide bar (34) being rectangular, and a plurality of stirring sleeves (35) being distributed on the lower side of the stirring sleeve (35). A stirring rod (36) is arranged at equal intervals, and the stirring rod (36) extends to the bottom of the mixing loading barrel (37). A vertical offset vertical rod (32) is provided at the upper end of the stirring sleeve (35). The offset vertical rod (32) is connected and fixed to the stirring shaft (26) through a return spring (27). An offset roller (31) is rotatably provided at the upper end of the return spring (27). An auxiliary offset ring (28) is fixed on the lower side of the motor base (33) where the offset roller (31) is located. The inner wall of the auxiliary offset ring (28) is distributed with a plurality of offset protrusions that press against the offset roller (31).

6. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism comprises a through-hole arranged in the middle of the rotating platform (17), a driven gear ring (15) is provided on the lower side of the through-hole, the driven gear ring (15) is meshed with the rotating drive gear (13), and the rotating drive gear (13) is connected to the rotating drive motor (12) for driving the rotating drive gear (13).

7. The rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating table (17) is also provided with a plurality of storage piston chambers (22) for storing different rocks and soils, and a push piston plate (20) is slidably provided in each storage piston chamber (22), and the push piston plate (20) is connected to a piston push rod (16) for driving it to slide up and down, and a sliding door group is provided at the upper end of each storage piston chamber (22), and the sliding door group includes two symmetrically arranged door opening slots (19), and a movable door (21) is slidably provided in each door opening slot (19), and each movable door (21) is connected to a door opening push rod (18) for driving it to slide along the door opening slot (19). A traction slot is provided on the rotating table (17) where the door opening slot (19) is located to facilitate the sliding of the output end of the door opening push rod (18), and the upper end of the storage piston chamber (22) corresponds to the diameter of the lower end of the mixing loading barrel (37).

8. A method for testing the rock and soil shrinkage performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: quickly and uniformly mix the rock and soil materials inside the mixing loading cylinder (37) through the mixing mechanism; Step 2: The rotating table (17) is then driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism, and the sample forming mechanism is transferred to the bottom of the mixing loading cylinder (37). The lifting position of the filling piston plate (39) can be adjusted by the forming pusher, so that the actual filling depth of the filling cavity (38) can be adjusted, so as to adjust the height of the rock and soil column as needed. After the rock and soil column is obtained, the rotating table (17) is driven to continue to rotate by the rotating mechanism, so that the sample forming mechanism is transferred to the bottom of the detection mechanism; Step 3: Keeping the position of the packing piston plate (39) different, only the shrinkage performance of the top of the rock and soil column needs to be tested. The initial test is to retain the rock and soil column inside the packing cavity (38), and use the detection mechanism to detect the height of the top of the rock and soil inside each packing cavity (38), thereby testing the shrinkage performance of the rock and soil; Then, another rock column made of the same rock is replaced, and the filler piston plate (39) is raised to push the rock column out of the filler cavity (38), so that the rock column loses the traction of external forces around it, eliminating the interference in this aspect, thereby further testing the shrinkage performance of the top of the rock column. In this way, the rock column can be tested from another angle, making the test more accurate.

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