A retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of eliminating waves in all directions

Abstract

The present invention provides a retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions, comprising a door frame and a door leaf, wherein the door leaf comprises a base and a spherical valve unit, the base being connected to the door frame, the base being provided with a through hole, and the spherical valve unit being mounted within the through hole. The valve has reliable strength and a compact layout. The buffer ring effectively cushions the high-speed impact process of the outer spherical shell, ensuring that the spherical valve unit has reliable strength under the impact. The limiting ring and ribs prevent the outer spherical shell from rotating, causing a change in its relative position with the ventilation holes on the inner spherical column, thereby affecting the valve's wave-absorbing effect. The spherical valve unit is retracted as a whole into the base, ensuring that no matter which direction the shock wave load comes from, it can act positively on the outer surface of the outer spherical shell and drive the spherical valve unit to close quickly. The arched structure significantly increases the number of spherical valve units that can be set, effectively increasing the ventilation volume of the valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of protective engineering protection equipment, and in particular to a retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve capable of achieving wave elimination in all directions. Background Art

[0002] Explosion-proof valves are installed at the openings of air and smoke ducts in protective projects to block or weaken shock waves. They are normally open to ensure proper ventilation. When the ventilation opening is subjected to the shock load of an explosion, the valves quickly close in response to the shock wave, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel within the project.

[0003] Blast-proof valves should not only have a high wave absorption rate, but also fully consider the design strength of the valve's moving parts to avoid damage caused by high-speed impacts, which could affect the valve's ability to resume ventilation. Energy-absorbing buffering measures are often considered during design to effectively dissipate impact energy through significant deformation of the buffering components.

[0004] There are two problems in the existing explosion-proof valves that need to be optimized and solved: on the one hand, due to the uncertainty of the propagation direction of the shock wave in the protective engineering channel, the existing explosion-proof valves (such as pendulum valves, hose valves, etc.) can only drive the valve to close quickly when the shock wave acts in the positive direction on the outer end surface of the valve's movable parts (such as the outer end surface of the pendulum plate, the outer end surface of the hose). Figure 1 、 Figure 2 To solve this problem, the entire valve base must usually be retracted into the door frame wall. However, this design method not only increases the difficulty of hinge installation and debugging, but also significantly increases the construction cost. On the other hand, the base structure of existing valves is mostly flat, which is controlled by the cross-sectional area of ​​the opening. The number of valve units (such as pendulum plates, hoses, etc.) that can be installed on it is extremely limited. The number of valve units is directly related to the ventilation volume of the valve under rated wind pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of valves that can be installed per unit opening area through structural optimization design to improve the normal ventilation performance of the valve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inward-retracting spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions. The valve has reliable wave absorption performance, can achieve wave absorption in all directions, and has good ventilation performance. It can provide efficient and reliable protection measures for the ventilation openings of protective projects, significantly improve the project protection capabilities, and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment inside the project.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of achieving wave attenuation in all directions comprises a door frame and a door leaf, wherein the door leaf comprises a base and a spherical valve unit, the base being connected to the door frame, a through hole being provided on the base, and the spherical valve unit being installed in the through hole.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave elimination in all directions, the spherical valve unit includes an outer spherical shell, an inner spherical column and a reset spring, wherein the inner surface of the outer spherical shell is a hemispherical surface, the inner spherical column is composed of a cylindrical section and a hemispherical section, the outer surface of the hemispherical section is a hemispherical surface, the cylindrical section and the hemispherical section are connected, the inner diameter of the outer spherical shell is equal to the outer diameter of the hemispherical section, the outer spherical shell can move along the axial direction of the through hole, the outer surface of the outer spherical shell faces the air inlet side of the through hole, and the outer surface of the outer spherical shell is at a distance from the orifice of the through hole; when the valve is in a ventilation state, the outer spherical shell and the hemispherical section are not in contact, and when the valve is in a closed state, the inner surface of the outer spherical shell is in contact with the outer surface of the hemispherical section, and the reset spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical section, and the inner diameter of the reset spring is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical section.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave elimination in all directions, the spherical valve unit also includes a limiting ring and a buffer ring, and the through hole is composed of a first circular hole, a second circular hole, a third circular hole, a fourth circular hole and a fifth circular hole arranged in sequence, and the axis of the first circular hole, the axis of the second circular hole, the axis of the third circular hole, the axis of the fourth circular hole and the axis of the fifth circular hole are collinear, and the diameter decreases from the first circular hole to the fifth circular hole. A first step is formed between the first circular hole and the second circular hole, a second step is formed between the second circular hole and the third circular hole, a third step is formed between the third circular hole and the fourth circular hole, and a fourth step is formed between the fourth circular hole and the fifth circular hole. The first step and the second step are the mounting surfaces of the limiting ring, the third step is the mounting surface of the buffer ring, and the fourth step is the mounting surface shared by the inner ball column and the reset spring.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions, the limiting ring is composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section, the cross-section of the horizontal section is a circular ring, the horizontal section is located in the first circular hole, the vertical section is a hollow cylinder, the vertical section is located in the second circular hole, the outer wall of the vertical section is connected to the inner wall of the second circular hole, the inner wall of the vertical section is flush with the inner wall of the third circular hole, the horizontal section is connected to one end of the vertical section and extends away from the axis of the vertical section, the horizontal section is connected to the first step, and one end of the vertical section is connected to the second step, a first threaded hole is provided on the horizontal section, and a second threaded hole is provided at a position of the first step corresponding to the first threaded hole, and a screw is passed through the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole to fix the limiting ring and the base; preferably, four first threaded holes and four second threaded holes are provided, and the four first threaded holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the horizontal section.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions, the spherical valve unit also includes a limit plate, a rib plate and a support plate, the limit plate is arranged on the inner wall of the limit ring, the limit plate is provided with a limit slot along the axial direction of the through hole, one end of the rib plate is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell, the other end of the rib plate is located in the limit slot, and the other end of the rib plate can move in the limit slot along the axial direction of the through hole; the buffer ring is a hollow cylinder, the buffer ring is located in the third circular hole, the outer wall of the buffer ring is connected to the inner wall of the third circular hole, the outer wall of the buffer ring is flush with the inner wall of the fourth circular hole, and one end of the buffer ring is connected to the third step; one end of the support plate is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell, and the other end of the support plate is radially toward the through hole. The outer side of the outer spherical shell extends, and the other end of the support plate is in a clearance fit relationship with the inner wall of the third circular hole. The upper surface of the support plate is connected to the lower end of the rib plate, and the lower surface of the support plate contacts the other end of the buffer ring. In the process of the valve changing from a ventilation state to a closed state, the movement of the outer spherical shell can compress and deform the buffer ring through the support plate, and the compression deformation of the buffer ring can provide a buffering effect for the outer spherical shell; the upper surface of the support plate can be engaged with the limit plate to prevent the outer spherical shell from popping out of the through hole; preferably, the outer spherical shell, the rib plate and the support plate are an integrated structure; preferably, three limit plates, rib plates and support plates are each provided, and each combination of the rib plate and the support plate corresponds to one limit plate, and the three rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer surface of the outer spherical shell.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave attenuation in all directions, one end of the reset spring is connected to the fourth step, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the outer spherical shell. The outer diameter of the reset spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer spherical shell, the thickness of the outer spherical shell plus the thickness of the cylindrical section of the inner spherical column is equal to the width of the fourth step, the inner wall of the cylindrical section of the inner spherical column is flush with the inner wall of the fifth circular hole, and the outer spherical shell keeps the valve in a ventilated state under the support of the reset spring.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve that can achieve wave attenuation in all directions, the inner ball column is fixed on the base, and ventilation holes are provided on the hemispherical section and the outer spherical shell. The ventilation holes on the hemispherical section and the ventilation holes on the outer spherical shell are staggered. When the valve is in a closed state, the ventilation holes on the hemispherical section are closed by the outer spherical shell, and the ventilation holes on the outer spherical shell are closed by the hemispherical section; preferably, three ventilation holes are provided on the hemispherical section, and three ventilation holes are provided on the outer spherical shell.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions, the base is generally arch-shaped, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the base. The plurality of through holes are distributed in a matrix on the base, and a spherical valve unit is installed in each through hole.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions, the valve also includes hinges, locks, and jacks, wherein the door frame is made of welded steel sections, the door frame and the hinge seat are anchored in the door frame wall, one end of the hinge is installed on the hinge seat, and the other end of the hinge is connected to the base through a hinge arm; the lock is installed on the base, the lock hole is provided on the door frame, and the jacks are provided on both sides of the base. When the door leaf is closed, the jacks are used to bear the weight of the door leaf; preferably, the surface where the base is connected to the door frame is an inclined surface, and the door frame also has an inclined surface that cooperates with the base.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned retractable spherical explosion-proof valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions, the door frame is made of welded steel sections, the door frame is anchored in the door frame wall, bolt holes are provided on the door frame and the base, high-strength bolts are used to tightly connect the base and the door frame through the bolt holes, the exposed surface of the high-strength bolts is sprayed with anti-rust paint, and the moving parts of the high-strength bolts are coated with anti-rust oil.

[0017] Analysis shows that the present invention discloses a retractable spherical explosion-proof valve that can achieve wave absorption in all directions. The valve adopts the structure of an outer spherical shell and an inner spherical column, which has reliable strength and compact layout. It significantly reduces the mass of the valve's moving parts, reduces the closing stroke of the spherical valve unit, and improves the valve's wave absorption rate. Through the design method of structures and materials such as the buffer ring and the support plate of the outer spherical shell, the high-speed impact process of the outer spherical shell is effectively buffered, ensuring that the spherical valve unit has reliable strength under the impact and ensuring the rapid recovery of the ventilation function after the shock wave. In order to avoid the rotation of the outer spherical shell causing the relative position between it and the ventilation hole on the inner spherical column to change, thereby affecting the valve's wave absorption effect, a detachable limiting ring is designed, and a rib for limiting is set on the outer spherical shell, which not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the spherical valve unit, but also improves the structural strength of the outer spherical shell to a certain extent. The spherical valve unit is retracted into the base. Regardless of the direction of the shock wave load, it is guaranteed to act directly on the outer surface of the outer spherical shell and drive the spherical valve unit to close quickly, thus ensuring reliable wave absorption in various installation positions. The arched base structure significantly increases the number of spherical valve units that can be installed within the limited cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation opening, effectively increasing the ventilation volume of the valve. At the same time, a portion of the arch is removed at the base arch foot, converting the vertical shock wave load into a horizontal thrust load, improving the bearing environment of the base at the arch foot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings and the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a swing-type valve in the prior art.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a hose-type valve in the prior art.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the assembly of a spherical valve unit and a base when the valve is in a ventilation state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the assembly of the spherical valve unit and the base when the valve is in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a through hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the top structure of a limit ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the outer spherical shell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the left view structure.

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0030] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0032] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of an inner spherical column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1 door frame; 11 hinge; 12 lock; 13 jack; 14 door frame wall; 15 high-strength bolt; 2 door leaf; 3 base; 4 through hole; 41 first circular hole; 42 second circular hole; 43 third circular hole; 44 fourth circular hole; 45 fifth circular hole; 46 first step; 47 second step; 48 third step; 49 fourth step; 5 spherical valve unit; 51 outer spherical shell; 52 inner spherical column; 53 cylindrical section; 54 hemispherical section; 55 ventilation hole; 56 rib; 57 columnar body; 6 return spring; 7 limit ring; 71 horizontal section; 72 vertical section; 73 first threaded hole; 74 limit plate; 75 limit slot; 8 buffer ring; 9 support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations may be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention encompasses such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected", "connected", and "set" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] One or more examples of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The detailed description uses numerical and letter designations to refer to features in the drawings. Like or similar designations in the drawings and the description have been used to refer to like or similar parts of the present invention. As used herein, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the position or importance of an individual component.

[0037] like Figures 3 to 13 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a retractable spherical explosion-proof wave valve capable of achieving wave absorption in all directions, comprising a door frame 1 and a door leaf 2, wherein the door leaf 2 comprises a base 3 and a spherical valve unit 5, the base 3 being connected to the door frame 1, and a through hole 4 being provided on the base 3, and the spherical valve unit 5 being installed in the through hole 4. The valve is installed at the entrance of the project and is normally in an open state to maintain normal ventilation within the project. When the project is struck, the spherical valve unit 5 can be quickly closed under the action of the explosion shock wave, thereby isolating the shock wave outside the project and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment inside the project. When the shock wave disappears, the spherical valve unit 5 can be restored to an open state to ensure that the project is restored to a ventilated state.

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ball valve unit 5 includes an outer ball shell 51, an inner ball column 52 and a return spring 6, wherein, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the inner surface of the outer spherical shell 51 is a hemispherical surface. Figure 14As shown, the inner spherical column 52 is composed of a cylindrical section 53 and a hemispherical section 54. The cylindrical section 53 and the hemispherical section 54 are an integrated structure. The outer surface of the hemispherical section 54 is a hemispherical surface. The cylindrical section 53 and the hemispherical section 54 are connected. The inner diameter of the outer spherical shell 51 is equal to the outer diameter of the hemispherical section 54. The outer spherical shell 51 is the movable part of the spherical valve unit 5. The outer spherical shell 51 can move linearly along the axial direction of the through hole 4. The outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51 faces the air inlet side of the through hole 4. The outer spherical shell 51 and the inner spherical column 52 are arranged in the through hole 4 in sequence. The outer surface of the hemispherical section 54 also faces the air inlet side of the through hole 4. The outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51 is at a distance from the orifice of the through hole 4. In order to ensure that the shock wave acts on the surface of the outer spherical shell 51 from any direction, the spherical valve unit 5 can respond quickly and achieve reliable closure, and the outer spherical shell 51 is retracted to a certain depth inside the through hole 4. This arrangement allows the entire spherical valve unit 5 to be retracted into the base 3. No matter which direction the shock wave load comes from, it can ensure that it acts positively on the outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51 and drives the spherical valve unit 5 to close quickly, so that the spherical valve unit 5 can achieve reliable wave absorption in different installation positions. Figure 3 As shown, when the valve is in the ventilation state, there is no contact between the outer spherical shell 51 and the hemispherical segment 54. Figure 4 As shown, when the valve is in the closed state, the inner surface of the outer spherical shell 51 contacts the outer surface of the hemispherical segment 54, and there is a clearance fit between the inner surface of the outer spherical shell 51 and the outer surface of the hemispherical segment 54. The return spring 6 is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical segment 53, and the inner diameter of the return spring 6 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical segment 53. The spherical valve unit 5 adopts the structure of the outer spherical shell 51 and the inner spherical column 52, which has reliable strength and compact layout, significantly reduces the mass of the valve's moving parts, reduces the valve closing stroke, and improves the valve's wave elimination rate. In one embodiment of the present invention, a hollow columnar body 57 is further connected to the bottom of the outer spherical shell 51. The outer diameter of the columnar body 57 is equal to the outer diameter of the outer spherical shell 51, and the inner diameter of the columnar body 57 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical segment 53 of the inner spherical column 52. The outer spherical shell 51 and the cylindrical body are an integral structure, and the top end of the return spring 6 is connected to the lower end surface of the cylindrical body.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ball valve unit 5 also includes a limiting ring 7 and a buffer ring 8. Figure 5As shown, the through hole 4 is composed of a first circular hole 41, a second circular hole 42, a third circular hole 43, a fourth circular hole 44 and a fifth circular hole 45 arranged in sequence. The first circular hole 41 is located on the side close to the air inlet of the through hole 4, and the fifth circular hole 45 is located on the side close to the air outlet of the through hole 4. The axis of the first circular hole 41, the axis of the second circular hole 42, the axis of the third circular hole 43, the axis of the fourth circular hole 44 and the axis of the fifth circular hole 45 are collinear, and the diameters of the first circular hole 41 to the fifth circular hole 45 decrease in sequence, that is, the diameter of the first circular hole 41 is larger than the diameter of the second circular hole 42, the diameter of the second circular hole 42 is larger than the diameter of the third circular hole 43, the diameter of the third circular hole 43 is larger than the diameter of the fourth circular hole 44, and the diameter of the fourth circular hole 44 is larger than the diameter of the fifth circular hole 45. A first step 46 is formed between the first circular hole 41 and the second circular hole 42, a second step 47 is formed between the second circular hole 42 and the third circular hole 43, a third step 48 is formed between the third circular hole 43 and the fourth circular hole 44, and a fourth step 49 is formed between the fourth circular hole 44 and the fifth circular hole 45. The first step 46 and the second step 47 are mounting surfaces for the limit ring 7, the third step 48 is the mounting surface for the buffer ring 8, and the fourth step 49 is a mounting surface shared by the inner ball column 52 and the return spring 6.

[0040] Further, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the limiting ring 7 is composed of a horizontal section 71 and a vertical section 72. The horizontal section 71 and the vertical section 72 are an integral structure. The cross section of the horizontal section 71 is a circular ring. The horizontal section 71 is located in the first circular hole 41, and the vertical section 72 is a hollow cylinder. The vertical section 72 is located in the second circular hole 42. The outer wall of the vertical section 72 is connected to the inner wall of the second circular hole 42, and the inner wall of the vertical section 72 is flush with the inner wall of the third circular hole 43. The horizontal section 71 is connected to one end of the vertical section 72 and extends in the axial direction away from the vertical section 72. The horizontal section 71 is connected to the first step 46, and one end of the vertical section 72 is connected to the second step 47. Figure 7 As shown, a first threaded hole 73 is provided on the horizontal section 71, and a second threaded hole is provided at a position on the first step 46 corresponding to the first threaded hole 73. Screws are passed through the first and second threaded holes to securely connect the retaining ring 7 to the base 3. Preferably, four first and second threaded holes 73 are provided, and the four first threaded holes 73 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the horizontal section 71. This arrangement ensures that the retaining ring 7 is securely fixed to the base 3 via the screws and also makes the retaining ring 7 removable, facilitating maintenance of the spherical valve unit 5. To prevent the outer spherical shell 51 from rotating and causing a change in its relative position with the ventilation hole 55 on the inner spherical column 52, thereby affecting the wave-absorbing effect of the valve, a removable retaining ring 7 is designed, and a rib 56 for retaining is provided on the outer spherical shell 51. This not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the components of the spherical valve unit 5, but also improves the structural strength of the outer spherical shell 51 to a certain extent.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the spherical valve unit 5 also includes a limit plate 74, a rib plate 56 and a support plate 9. The limit plate 74 is arranged on the inner wall of the limit ring 7. The limit plate 74 is provided with a limit slot 75 along the axial direction of the through hole 4. One end of the rib plate 56 is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51, and the other end of the rib plate 56 is located in the limit slot 75. The other end of the rib plate 56 can move in the limit slot 75 along the axial direction of the through hole 4; the limit plate 74 limits the moving direction of the rib plate 56 through the limit slot 75 to prevent the outer spherical shell 51 from accidentally rotating, causing the ventilation holes 55 to block each other and affect the ventilation effect.

[0042] In order to prevent the base 3 from undergoing significant plastic deformation after the outer spherical shell 51 and the inner spherical column 52 collide at high speed during the wave absorption process, and to ensure that the spherical valve unit 5 can be reliably reset, a buffer ring 8 is provided between the outer spherical shell 51 and the base 3. The buffer ring 8 is a hollow cylinder. The buffer ring 8 is located in the third circular hole 43 and is installed between the outer spherical shell 51 and the base 3. The outer wall of the buffer ring 8 is connected to the inner wall of the third circular hole 43. The outer wall of the buffer ring 8 is flush with the inner wall of the fourth circular hole 44. One end of the buffer ring 8 is connected to the third step 48. The inner diameter of the buffer ring 8 is equal to the outer diameter of the outer spherical shell 51. There is a clearance fit between the buffer ring 8 and the outer spherical shell 51. The buffer ring 8 is made of a buffering energy-absorbing material.

[0043] One end of the support plate 9 is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51, and the other end of the support plate 9 extends radially toward the outside of the outer spherical shell 51 along the through hole 4. The other end of the support plate 9 is in a clearance fit relationship with the inner wall of the third circular hole 43. The upper surface of the support plate 9 is connected to the lower end of the rib 56, and the lower surface of the support plate 9 is in contact with the end face of the other end of the buffer ring 8. The support plate 9 can compress and deform the buffer ring 8. In the process of the valve changing from a ventilated state to a closed state, under the action of the shock wave, the outer spherical shell 51 performs linear motion along the axial direction of the through hole 4. The movement of the outer spherical shell 51 can compress and deform the buffer ring 8 through the support plate 9. The large deformation of the buffer ring 8 can dissipate the impact energy of the outer spherical shell 51, providing a buffering effect for the outer spherical shell 51. Through the structural and material design methods of the buffer ring 8 and the support plate 9, the high-speed impact process of the valve is effectively buffered, ensuring that the valve has reliable strength under the action of the impact and ensuring the rapid recovery of the ventilation function after the shock wave.

[0044] The upper surface of the support plate 9 can be engaged with the limit plate 74, so that the limit plate 74 can limit the linear movement of the outer spherical shell 51 toward the outside of the base 3, thereby preventing the outer spherical shell 51 from popping out of the through hole 4 due to the elastic force of the reset spring 6; preferably, in order to ensure strength, the outer spherical shell 51, the rib 56 and the support plate 9 are an integrated structure; preferably, there are three limit plates 74, three ribs 56 and three support plates 9, and each combination of the rib 56 and the support plate 9 corresponds to a limit plate 74, and the three ribs 56 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer surface of the outer spherical shell.

[0045] Furthermore, one end of the return spring 6 is connected to the fourth step 49, and the other end of the return spring 6 is connected to the outer spherical shell 51. The end surface of the bottom end of the outer spherical shell 51 is in contact with the end surface of the top end of the return spring 6. The inner diameter of the return spring 6 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical section 53, and the outer diameter of the return spring 6 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the outer spherical shell 51, ensuring that the return spring 6 can be compressed. After installation, the return spring 6 is in a compressed state. The thickness of the outer spherical shell 51 plus the thickness of the cylindrical section 53 of the inner spherical column 52 is equal to the width of the fourth step 49. The inner wall of the cylindrical section 53 of the inner spherical column 52 is flush with the inner wall of the fifth circular hole 45. The outer spherical shell 51, supported by the return spring 6, keeps the valve in a ventilated state. The return spring 6 can ensure that the ventilation function of the spherical valve unit 5 can be quickly restored after the impact of the shock wave.

[0046] Furthermore, the inner spherical column 52 is fixed to the base 3, and the bottom of the inner spherical column 52 is fixedly connected to the fourth step 49 of the base 3 by welding. Ventilation holes 55 are provided on both the hemispherical segment 54 and the outer spherical shell 51. The ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 and the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 are arranged in an alternating manner. When the valve is closed, the ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 are closed by the outer spherical shell 51, and the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 are closed by the hemispherical segment 54. Preferably, three ventilation holes 55 are provided on the hemispherical segment 54 and three ventilation holes 55 are provided on the outer spherical shell 51. In one embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 and the outer spherical shell 51 are both fan-shaped. This arrangement can ensure ventilation and can also ensure that the ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 and the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 are mutually closed when the valve is closed.

[0047] Preferably, since the ventilation holes 55 of the inner spherical column 52 and the ventilation holes 55 of the outer spherical shell 51 are arranged in a staggered manner, the provision of the limiting slots 75 enables the ribs 56 to perform only linear movement, and not rotational movement, thereby ensuring that the outer spherical shell 51 does not perform rotational movement. When the valve is in the closed state, the outer spherical shell 51 can seal the ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54, and the hemispherical segment 54 can seal the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51, thereby preventing the ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 from overlapping with the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 after the outer spherical shell 51 rotates. Furthermore, when the valve is in the closed state, shock wave leakage is prevented, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment inside the project.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figures 9 to 13 As shown, the base 3 is generally arched and provided with a plurality of through-holes 4 arranged in a matrix pattern. The overall arched design of the base 3 significantly increases the number of through-holes 4 within a given opening cross-sectional area, thereby increasing the number of spherical valve units 5 that can be installed, significantly increasing the ventilation capacity of the valve. Furthermore, the arched structure facilitates the load-bearing of the base 3 and the door frame wall 14, ensuring the reliable structural strength of the anti-trap door.

[0049] In actual engineering applications, the corresponding number of ball valve units 5 is selected according to different air volume requirements, and can be installed on both blocking type and door type explosion-proof valves. Figure 9 、 Figure 12 shown.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the movable door adopts a door-type structure. In this embodiment, the movable door also includes a hinge 11, a lock 12, and a jack 13, wherein the door frame 1 is made of welded steel sections, and the door frame 1 and the hinge 11 seat are anchored in the door frame wall 14. One end of the hinge 11 is installed on the hinge 11 seat, and the other end of the hinge 11 is connected to the base 3 through the hinge 11 arm, which can ensure that the base 3 (door leaf 2) can be smoothly opened and closed around the hinge 11 axis; the lock 12 is installed on the base 3, and the lock hole is provided on the door frame 1. The lock 12 can be used to lock the base 3 (door leaf 2), and at the same time can bear the negative pressure of the shock wave and the rebound effect of the base 3 (door leaf 2).

[0051] Since the base 3 (door leaf 2) is heavy, in order to prevent the base 3 (door leaf 2) from sagging due to the long-term load of the hinge 11, which affects the opening and closing performance, jacks 13 are set on both sides of the base 3. When the door leaf 2 is closed, the jacks 13 are used to bear the weight of the door leaf 2 in normal times. Preferably, the surface where the base 3 is connected to the door frame 1 is an inclined surface, and the door frame 1 also has an inclined surface that matches the base 3. In actual projects, part of the base 3 (door leaf 2) can be cut off at a certain angle at the arch foot of the base 3, so that the surface where the base 3 is connected to the door frame 1 is an inclined surface, which converts part of the vertical thrust load into a horizontal thrust load, improves the bearing environment of the base 3 at the arch foot, and increases the bearing capacity of the base 3. The movable door of the door-type structure opens the door leaf 2 in normal times to ensure a large ventilation volume and low ventilation resistance inside the project. When a war is about to start, the door leaf 2 will be closed to achieve a protective effect. When designing this type of movable door, civil engineering space must be reserved to ensure the opening and closing of the door leaf 2.

[0052] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the valve adopts a blocking structure. In this embodiment, the door frame 1 is made of welded steel sections and anchored within the door frame wall 14. Bolt holes are provided in both the door frame 1 and the base 3. High-strength bolts 15 pass through the bolt holes to tightly connect the base 3 to the door frame 1. The exposed surfaces of the high-strength bolts 15 are sprayed with anti-rust paint, and the moving parts of the high-strength bolts 15 are coated with anti-rust oil. The blocking valve secures the valve base 3 to the door frame wall 14 with bolts. It cannot be opened normally and remains in a closed state. This design eliminates the need for reserved civil engineering space, which helps reduce construction costs.

[0053] The specific implementation method and process of the ball valve unit 5 ventilation function in peacetime and wave elimination function in wartime are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ventilation and wave-damping functions of the spherical valve unit 5 are primarily achieved through the relative motion of the inner spherical column 52 and the outer spherical shell 51. The outer spherical shell 51 is the movable component of the spherical valve unit 5, and the inner spherical column 52 is fixed to the base 3. Three ventilation holes 55 are respectively provided on the hemispherical segment 54 of the inner spherical column 52 and the spherical surface of the outer spherical shell 51. The ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 are evenly distributed along the spherical surface of the hemispherical segment 54, and the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 are evenly distributed along the spherical surface of the outer spherical shell 51. The ventilation holes 55 on the hemispherical segment 54 and the ventilation holes 55 on the outer spherical shell 51 are arranged in a crosswise manner, ensuring that when the valve is closed, all ventilation holes 55 are blocked by each other. During normal ventilation, the outer spherical shell 51 is open, supported by the return spring 6, ensuring a certain gap between the inner spherical column 52 and the outer spherical shell 51. Under the action of the fan, the external air passes through the ventilation holes 55 of the outer spherical shell 51, the gap between the inner spherical column 52 and the outer spherical shell 51, the ventilation holes 55 of the hemispherical section 54 of the inner spherical column 52, and finally enters the interior of the project through the fifth circular hole 45. Figure 3 As shown. When a shock wave hits, the shock wave pushes the outer spherical shell 51 toward the inner spherical column 52. After the spherical valve unit 5 is closed, the ventilation holes 55 of the hemispherical segment 54 and the ventilation holes 55 of the outer spherical shell 51 block each other, making the gap between the inner spherical column 52 and the outer spherical shell 51 zero, cutting off the channel for the shock wave to propagate into the project, thereby achieving the wave-dissipating function of the spherical valve unit 5. Figure 4 After the shock wave disappears, the outer spherical shell 51 returns to its original position under the action of the return spring 6, so that the valve returns to the ventilation state.

[0054] In addition, the bottom of the limiting slot 75 can also limit the support plate 9 on the outer spherical shell 51 to prevent the outer spherical shell 51 from popping out from the base 3 under the action of the spring.

[0055] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0056] (1) The valve adopts the structure of outer spherical shell 51 and inner spherical column 52, which has reliable strength and compact layout, significantly reduces the mass of the valve moving parts, reduces the closing stroke of the spherical valve unit 5, and improves the valve wave elimination rate.

[0057] (2) Through the structural and material design methods such as the buffer ring 8 and the support plate 9 of the outer spherical shell 51, the high-speed impact process of the outer spherical shell 51 is effectively buffered, ensuring that the spherical valve unit 5 has reliable strength under the impact and ensuring the rapid recovery of the ventilation function after the shock wave.

[0058] (3) In order to prevent the outer spherical shell 51 from rotating and causing a change in its relative position with the ventilation hole 55 on the inner spherical column 52, thereby affecting the wave-breaking effect of the valve, a detachable limiting ring 7 is designed, and a rib 56 for limiting is provided on the outer spherical shell 51, which not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the spherical valve unit 5, but also improves the structural strength of the outer spherical shell 51 to a certain extent.

[0059] (4) The spherical valve unit 5 is retracted into the base 3 as a whole. No matter from which direction the shock wave load comes, it can be ensured that it acts positively on the outer surface of the outer spherical shell 51 and drives the spherical valve unit 5 to close quickly, so that the spherical valve unit 5 can achieve reliable wave absorption in different installation positions.

[0060] (5) The base 3 with a circular arch structure has a limited cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation opening, which greatly increases the number of spherical valve units 5 that can be installed, effectively increasing the ventilation volume of the valve. At the same time, part of the circular arch is cut off at the arch foot of the base 3, converting the vertical load of the shock wave into a horizontal thrust load, thereby improving the bearing environment of the base 3 at the arch foot.

[0061] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions, characterized in that: It includes door frame and door leaf, among which, The door leaf comprises a base and a spherical valve unit, wherein the base is connected to the door frame. The base is provided with a through hole, and the ball valve unit is installed in the through hole. The spherical valve unit includes an outer spherical shell, an inner spherical column and a reset spring, wherein the inner surface of the outer spherical shell is a hemispherical surface, the inner spherical column is composed of a cylindrical section and a hemispherical section, the outer surface of the hemispherical section is a hemispherical surface, and the cylindrical section and the hemispherical section are connected. The inner diameter of the outer spherical shell is equal to the outer diameter of the hemispherical segment, the outer spherical shell is movable along the axis of the through hole, the outer surface of the outer spherical shell faces the air inlet side of the through hole, and the outer surface of the outer spherical shell is spaced apart from the opening of the through hole; When the valve is in the ventilation state, the outer spherical shell and the hemispherical segment are not in contact with each other. When the valve is in a closed state, the inner surface of the outer spherical shell contacts the outer surface of the hemispherical segment. The return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical section, and the inner diameter of the return spring is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical section. The ball valve unit also includes a limiting ring and a buffer ring. The through hole is composed of a first circular hole, a second circular hole, a third circular hole, a fourth circular hole and a fifth circular hole arranged in sequence, the axis of the first circular hole, the axis of the second circular hole, the axis of the third circular hole, the axis of the fourth circular hole and the axis of the fifth circular hole are collinear, and the diameter decreases from the first circular hole to the fifth circular hole. A first step is formed between the first circular hole and the second circular hole, a second step is formed between the second circular hole and the third circular hole, a third step is formed between the third circular hole and the fourth circular hole, and a fourth step is formed between the fourth circular hole and the fifth circular hole. The first step and the second step are the mounting surfaces of the limiting ring, the third step is the mounting surface of the buffer ring, and the fourth step is the common mounting surface of the inner ball column and the return spring. The movable door also includes a hinge, a lock and a jack.

2. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting ring is composed of a horizontal section and a vertical section. The cross section of the horizontal section is a circular ring. The horizontal section is located in the first circular hole. The vertical section is a hollow cylinder. The vertical section is located in the second circular hole. The outer wall of the vertical section is connected to the inner wall of the second circular hole. The inner wall of the vertical section is flush with the inner wall of the third circular hole. The horizontal section is connected to one end of the vertical section and extends in the direction away from the axis of the vertical section. The horizontal section is connected to the first step, and one end of the vertical section is connected to the second step. A first threaded hole is provided on the horizontal section, and a second threaded hole is provided at a position of the first step corresponding to the first threaded hole. The screw passes through the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole to fix the limiting ring and the base.

3. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: There are four first threaded holes and four second threaded holes, and the four first threaded holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the horizontal section.

4. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ball valve unit further includes a limit plate, a rib plate and a support plate, wherein the limit plate is arranged on the inner wall of the limit ring, and the limit plate is provided with a limit slot along the axial direction of the through hole, one end of the rib plate is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell, and the other end of the rib plate is located in the limit slot, and the other end of the rib plate can move in the limit slot along the axial direction of the through hole; The buffer ring is a hollow cylinder, located in the third circular hole, with an outer wall of the buffer ring connected to the inner wall of the third circular hole, an outer wall of the buffer ring flush with the inner wall of the fourth circular hole, and one end of the buffer ring connected to the third step; One end of the support plate is connected to the outer surface of the outer spherical shell, and the other end of the support plate extends radially toward the outside of the outer spherical shell along the through hole. The other end of the support plate is in a clearance fit relationship with the inner wall of the third circular hole. The upper surface of the support plate is connected to the lower end of the rib plate, and the lower surface of the support plate is in contact with the other end of the buffer ring. When the valve changes from a ventilated state to a closed state, the movement of the outer spherical shell can compress and deform the buffer ring through the support plate, and the compression and deformation of the buffer ring can provide a buffering effect for the outer spherical shell. The upper surface of the support plate can be engaged with the limiting plate to prevent the outer spherical shell from popping out of the through hole.

5. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer spherical shell, the ribs and the support plate are an integrated structure; There are three of each of the limit plates, rib plates and support plates, each combination of the rib plates and the support plates corresponds to one limit plate, and the three rib plates are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer surface of the outer spherical shell.

6. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the return spring is connected to the fourth step, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the outer spherical shell. The outer diameter of the return spring is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer spherical shell. The thickness of the outer spherical shell plus the thickness of the cylindrical section of the inner spherical column is equal to the width of the fourth step. The inner wall of the cylindrical section of the inner spherical column is flush with the inner wall of the fifth circular hole. The outer spherical shell keeps the valve in a ventilated state under the support of the return spring.

7. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner spherical column is fixed on the base, and ventilation holes are provided on the hemispherical segment and the outer spherical shell. The ventilation holes on the hemispherical segment and the ventilation holes on the outer spherical shell are arranged in a staggered manner. When the valve is in a closed state, the ventilation holes on the hemispherical segment are closed by the outer spherical shell, and the ventilation holes on the outer spherical shell are closed by the hemispherical segment; The hemispherical segment is provided with three ventilation holes, and the outer spherical shell is provided with three ventilation holes.

8. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base is in an overall arch shape, and is provided with a plurality of through holes, which are distributed in a matrix on the base, and a spherical valve unit is installed in each through hole.

9. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door frame is made of welded steel sections, the door frame and hinge seat are anchored in the door frame wall, one end of the hinge is mounted on the hinge seat, and the other end of the hinge is connected to the base via a hinge arm; The lock is mounted on the base, and the lock hole is provided on the door frame. The jacks are provided on both sides of the base, and when the door leaf is closed, the jacks are used to bear the weight of the door leaf; The surface where the base is connected to the door frame is an inclined surface, and the door frame also has an inclined surface that matches the base.

10. The retractable spherical explosion-proof valve capable of absorbing waves in all directions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door frame is made of welded steel sections, and is anchored in the door frame wall. Bolt holes are provided on the door frame and the base, and high-strength bolts tightly connect the base and the door frame through the bolt holes. The exposed surface of the high-strength bolt is sprayed with anti-rust paint, and the moving part of the high-strength bolt is coated with anti-rust oil.

Images