A hardness testing device for finished mechanical parts

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of part hardness detection, and specifically relates to a hardness detection device for mechanical part finished products, including a detection frame and a driving seat. The driving seat is fixedly connected to the top end of the detection frame. A driving module is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving seat. An extrusion seat and an observation mirror are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving module. The extrusion seat is located on one side of the observation mirror. A horizontal component is arranged at the front end of the detection frame. Through the setting of the horizontal component, only by placing the material into the horizontal component, the horizontal component can make the flat surface of the material face the extrusion seat according to the different forms of the material, and at the same time fix the uneven surface, so that during the extrusion process, the effect of directly extruding the flat surface of the material is achieved, realizing the function of directly performing hardness detection without grinding the material flat, greatly reducing the energy and time required for pretreatment work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of part hardness detection, and more specifically, it is a hardness detection device for mechanical part finished products. Background Art

[0002] The hardness of mechanical parts is often measured by the Brinell hardness of the parts. The principle of Brinell hardness measurement is to use a certain size of test force to press a steel ball or a cemented carbide ball into the surface of the measured metal. After maintaining the specified time, the test force is removed, and the average diameter of the indentation is measured with a reading microscope. Then, the Brinell hardness HB value is calculated according to the formula.

[0003] A Chinese patent with the publication number CN104729939A discloses a device for simply detecting the Brinell hardness of metal materials, including a cylindrical outer shell. The axial middle part of the cylindrical outer shell is a smooth through-hole structure. An impact rod is arranged in the through-hole of the cylindrical outer shell. The end of the impact rod is outside the cylindrical outer shell, and a frustum is arranged at the front end of the impact rod; a limiting boss is arranged in the through-hole structure, which can visually judge the hardness size relationship between the part and the standard sample test block, so as to quickly detect the hardness range of large-size parts without special tooling, and the detection operation is simple and easy. The structure of the present invention is simple, the cost is low, and the use effect is good.

[0004] The existing detection devices still have some deficiencies. During the detection process, it is necessary to grind the detected part to ensure that the top surface and the bottom surface are both horizontal and parallel before the part can be placed on the detection table for detection, resulting in too much time consumption before detection.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a hardness detection device for mechanical part finished products. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems proposed in the background art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts of the present invention includes a detection frame and a driving seat. The driving seat is fixedly connected to the top end of the detection frame. A driving module is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving seat. The driving module is used to drive the extrusion seat and the observation mirror to move horizontally and vertically. The extrusion seat and the observation mirror are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving module. The extrusion seat is located on one side of the observation mirror. A horizontal component is provided at the front end of the detection frame. The horizontal component is used to keep the part horizontally placed. Through the setting of the horizontal component, only the material needs to be placed in the horizontal component. The horizontal component can make the flat surface of the material face the extrusion seat according to the different forms of the material, and at the same time fix the uneven surface, so that during the extrusion process, the flat surface of the material can be directly extruded, realizing the function of directly performing hardness detection without grinding the material flat, greatly reducing the energy and time required for pre-treatment work.

[0008] Preferably, the horizontal component includes a lifting frame. A second hydraulic rod is fixedly installed at one end of the lifting frame. The second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the detection frame. A second servo motor is fixedly installed inside the other end of the lifting frame. A first hydraulic rod is fixedly installed at the transmission end of the second servo motor. A first servo motor is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first hydraulic rod. A final stable plate is fixedly installed at the transmission end of the first servo motor. An initial placement plate is fixedly installed at the top end of the first hydraulic rod. A number of balance rods are arranged inside the initial placement plate, thus realizing the function of adapting to various material forms and making the flat surface of the material contact the extrusion seat, ensuring the normal progress of the detection process while enabling the detection function without grinding the material flat.

[0009] Preferably, a number of translation grooves, power grooves and transmission grooves are formed inside the initial placement plate. The top end of the power groove is communicated with the translation groove. The balance rods are slidably connected to the initial placement plate through the translation grooves. Both ends of the transmission groove are communicated with the upper and lower ends of the power groove. A sealing block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the balance rods. The inside of the power groove is filled with liquid. A valve is arranged in the middle of the transmission groove. A number of valves block the transmission groove, so that the liquid in the power groove cannot flow, and the sealing block can be locked in place, and then the balance rods can be locked in place. Through this setting, the function of locking the balance rods at any time is realized, which not only facilitates the operation process, but also after the end, only by rotating the initial placement plate back above and opening the valve at the same time, the sealing block can return to its original position under the action of gravity.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding groove is formed inside the balance rod. A ejector rod is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. A pressing block is fixedly installed at the top end of the ejector rod. A spring is fixedly connected between the pressing block and the balance rod. A limiting component is arranged at the bottom end of the balance rod, and a triggering component is arranged at the top end of the balance rod. With the arrangement of the limiting component, after the balance rod fixes the material in the horizontal direction, the up-and-down movement process of the balance rod can be restricted, so that the pressing seat cannot drive the material away. When the triggering component is triggered, it will push the pressing block to move outwards, drive the ejector rod to push open the limiting component. At the same time, the triggering component can selectively trigger the limiting component to only open the limiting components in the balance rods around the material.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting component includes a semi-circular block. A number of telescopic rods are fixed between the semi-circular block and the balance rod. Four expansion arms are arranged on the outer side of the semi-circular block. One end of the expansion arm is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the semi-circular block. An ejection component is arranged on the other side of the expansion arm, which can effectively reduce the problem that the pressing seat brings the material outwards under the action of friction, resulting in the material deviating from its original position. The arrangement of the ejection component can ensure that there is force when the expansion arm expands and is also stably fixed in place when it retracts.

[0012] Preferably, the expansion arm is arc-shaped, and a buffer pad is fixedly installed on one side of the expansion arm. The buffer pad is made of elastic material. With the shape setting of the expansion arm, through this setting, not only the blocking function still exists, but also when all the expansion arms need to be closed, only the initial placement plate and the final stable plate need to be fitted to each other. Due to the semi-expanded state of the expansion arm, the expansion arm can return to its original state under the action of the extrusion force. At the same time, the elastic component can limit the expansion arm in place and wait for the next operation, thus greatly facilitating the working process. The buffer pad can provide buffering and reduce the wear of the balance rod.

[0013] Preferably, the ejection component includes a snap ring. A positioning rod is slidably connected inside the semi-circular block. The end of the positioning rod is arc-shaped. An elastic member is fixedly connected between the positioning rod and the semi-circular block. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the outer side of the rotating rod and the semi-circular block, which effectively fixes the expansion arm firmly in place and waits for the triggering of the triggering component on the next side, thus realizing the function of the device being reusable, and the structure is simple and does not require manual operation.

[0014] Preferably, the triggering component includes a pressing rod. A number of receiving grooves are formed inside the initial placement plate. The pressing rod is slidably connected inside the receiving grooves. A linkage component is arranged between the pressing rods, achieving the effect of automatic selection without manual operation and can identify whether the expansion arms need to expand.

[0015] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a connecting rod, hydraulic rods III are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod, the hydraulic rods III are fixedly connected to the inner side of the initial placement plate, several groups of sliding arms are fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting rod, the sliding arms are arranged in a circular ring shape, the sliding arms are slidably connected to the outer side of the extrusion rod, and a friction assembly is arranged on the outer side of the sliding arms. Through the mechanical structure, the function of selective opening is realized, which greatly reduces the time consumed by manual operation.

[0016] Preferably, the friction assembly includes a contact pad. One end of the contact pad close to the sliding arm is arranged in a raised shape, the outer side of the extrusion block is arranged in an arc shape, and one end of the extrusion rod is provided with an inclined surface. In combination with the setting of the contact pad, when the pressure is too high, the sliding arm will slide over the contact pad so that the extrusion rod does not move. At the same time, in combination with the arc-shaped setting of the extrusion block and the inclined surface setting of the extrusion rod, the friction during the contact process is reduced, making the extrusion process of the extrusion block smooth and fluent.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. For the hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts of the present invention, through the setting of the horizontal component, only need to put the material into the horizontal component. The horizontal component can make the flat surface of the material contact with the extrusion seat according to the different forms of the material, and at the same time fix the uneven surface, so that during the extrusion process, the flat surface of the material can be directly extruded, realizing the function of directly performing hardness detection without grinding the material flat, which greatly reduces the energy and time required for pre-treatment work.

[0019] 2. For the hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts of the present invention, through the setting of the translation groove, the power groove and the transmission groove, only need to seal the transmission groove with a valve, so that the liquid in the power groove cannot flow, and then the sealing block and the balance rod can be locked in place. Through this setting, the function of locking the balance rod at any time is realized, which not only facilitates the operation process, but also after the end, only need to rotate the initial placement plate back to the upper side and open the valve at the same time, so that the sealing block can return to its original position under the action of gravity, thus greatly simplifying the operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the horizontal component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the balance rod and the initial placement plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the semi-circular block in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial transverse cross-sectional view of the initial placement plate of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1, detection frame; 2, drive seat; 3, drive module; 4, extrusion seat; 5, observation mirror; 7, horizontal component; 8, initial placement plate; 9, final stable plate; 10, balance rod; 11, servo motor 1; 12, hydraulic rod 1; 13, servo motor 2; 14, lifting frame; 15, hydraulic rod 2; 16, translation groove; 17, extrusion rod; 18, spring; 19, extrusion block; 20, power groove; 21, sealing block; 22, transmission groove; 23, ejector rod; 24, sliding groove; 25, telescopic rod; 26, semi-circular block; 27, snap ring; 28, positioning rod; 29, expansion arm; 30, buffer pad; 31, hydraulic rod 3; 32, sliding arm; 33, storage groove; 34, connecting rod; 35, contact pad; 36, valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a hardness detection device for mechanical part finished products includes a detection frame 1 and a drive seat 2. The drive seat 2 is fixedly connected to the top end of the detection frame 1. A drive module 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drive seat 2. The drive module 3 is used to drive the extrusion seat 4 and the observation mirror 5 to move horizontally and vertically. The extrusion seat 4 and the observation mirror 5 are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drive module 3. The extrusion seat 4 is located on one side of the observation mirror 5. A horizontal component 7 is arranged at the front end of the detection frame 1. The horizontal component 7 is used to keep the part horizontally placed. During work, the material to be detected is placed below the extrusion seat 4. The material is extruded by the extrusion seat 4. Then, the observation mirror 5 is moved to the position of the extrusion seat 4 through the drive module 3. The indentation is observed through the observation mirror 5. The strength of the material is measured by calculating the area and depth of the indentation. Through the setting of the horizontal component 7, the material only needs to be placed in the horizontal component 7. The horizontal component 7 can make the flat surface of the material face the extrusion seat 4 according to the different forms of the material, and at the same time fix the uneven surface, so that during the extrusion process, the flat surface of the material can be directly extruded, realizing the function of directly performing hardness detection without grinding the material flat, greatly reducing the energy and time required for pre-treatment work.

[0030] As Figure 2As shown, the horizontal component 7 includes a lifting frame 14. One end of the lifting frame 14 is fixedly installed with a second hydraulic rod 15, and the second hydraulic rod 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the detection frame 1. On the inner side of the other end of the lifting frame 14, a second servo motor 13 is fixedly installed. The driving end of the second servo motor 13 is fixedly installed with a first hydraulic rod 12. The bottom end of the first hydraulic rod 12 is fixedly installed with a first servo motor 11. The driving end of the first servo motor 11 is fixedly installed with a final stable plate 9. The top end of the first hydraulic rod 12 is fixedly installed with an initial placement plate 8. Inside the initial placement plate 8, there are several groups of balance rods 10. During operation, place the flat surface of the material on the flat final stable plate 9, and then start the first hydraulic rod 12 to drive the initial placement plate 8 to move downward, so that several groups of balance rods 10 come into contact with the material. The balance rods 10 can expand and contract under the action of extrusion force, and this expansion and contraction process can be locked. Finally, several groups of balance rods 10 will wrap the outside of the material. Then start the second servo motor 13 to flip the initial placement plate 8 and the final stable plate 9, and at the same time start the first servo motor 11 to rotate the final stable plate 9 outwards, so that the upper extrusion seat 4 can perform normal extrusion work, thus realizing the function of adapting to various material forms and making the flat surface of the material contact with the extrusion seat 4. While ensuring the normal progress of the detection process, it is not necessary to polish the material to be flat to perform the detection function.

[0031] As Figures 2 to 3 shown, several groups of translation grooves 16, power grooves 20 and transmission grooves 22 are opened inside the initial placement plate 8. The top end of the power groove 20 is communicated with the translation groove 16. The balance rods 10 are slidably connected to the initial placement plate 8 through the translation grooves 16. Both ends of the transmission groove 22 are communicated with the upper and lower ends of the power groove 20. A sealing block 21 is fixedly installed on the outside of the balance rods 10. The inside of the power groove 20 is filled with liquid. A valve 36 is arranged in the middle of the transmission groove 22. During operation, in cooperation with the sliding connection between the balance rods 10 and the translation grooves 16, the balance rods 10 can move under the action of pressure. When several groups of balance rods 10 complete the fixation of the material, start several groups of valves 36 to seal the transmission groove 22, so that the liquid in the power groove 20 cannot flow, and the sealing block 21 can be locked in place, and then the balance rods 10 can be locked in place. Through this setting, the function of locking the balance rods 10 at any time is realized, which not only facilitates the operation process, but also after the end, only need to rotate the initial placement plate 8 back to the upper part and open the valve 36 at the same time, and the sealing block 21 can return to its original position under the action of gravity.

[0032] As Figure 3As shown, a sliding groove 24 is formed inside the balance rod 10. A top rod 23 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 24. The top of the top rod 23 is fixedly installed with a pressing block 19, and a spring 18 is fixedly connected between the pressing block 19 and the balance rod 10. A limiting component is arranged at the bottom end of the balance rod 10, and a triggering component is arranged at the top end of the balance rod 10. During operation, during the detection process, when the pressing seat 4 extrudes a dent on the material, due to the frictional force, it is easy to cause the pressing seat 4 to lift the material upward during the upward movement, resulting in the displacement of the material, which affects the process of observing the dent. With the setting of the limiting component, after the balance rod 10 fixes the material in the horizontal direction, the up and down movement process of the balance rod 10 can be restricted, so that the pressing seat 4 cannot drive the material away. When the triggering component is triggered, it will push the pressing block 19 to move outward, driving the top rod 23 to push open the limiting component. At the same time, the triggering component can selectively trigger the limiting component, only opening the limiting components in the balance rods 10 around the material.

[0033] As Figure 4 As shown, the limiting component includes a semi-circular block 26. A number of telescopic rods 25 are fixed between the semi-circular block 26 and the balance rod 10. Four expansion arms 29 are arranged on the outer side of the semi-circular block 26. One end of the expansion arm 29 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the semi-circular block 26. An ejection component is arranged on the other side of the expansion arm 29. During operation, with the triggering of the triggering component, the semi-circular block 26 will be pushed outward by the top rod 23. With the setting of the two telescopic rods 25, the semi-circular block 26 can only be pushed out a short distance. Then the top rod 23 will continue to move outward to push open the expansion arm 29. After rotation, due to the distance of the protruding end of the expanded expansion arm 29, the expansion arm 29 is located outside the material, so that the expansion arm 29 can limit and block the material, effectively reducing the problem that the pressing seat 4 takes the material outwards under the action of frictional force, resulting in the material deviating from its original position. The setting of the ejection component can ensure that there is force when the expansion arm 29 expands and is also stably fixed in place when retracted.

[0034] As Figure 4As shown, the unfolding arm 29 is arranged in an arc shape, and a buffer pad 30 is fixedly installed on one side of the unfolding arm 29. The buffer pad 30 is made of an elastic material. During operation, in accordance with the shape of the unfolding arm 29, the unfolding arm 29 can only rotate by forty to forty-five degrees. With this setting, not only does the blocking function still exist, but when all the unfolding arms 29 need to be closed, only by making the initial placement plate 8 and the final stabilizing plate 9 fit together. Due to the semi-unfolded state of the unfolding arm 29, the unfolding arm 29 can return to its original state under the action of the extrusion force. At the same time, the elastic component can limit the unfolding arm 29 in place, waiting for the next operation, thus greatly facilitating the working process. The buffer pad 30 can provide buffering and reduce the wear on the balance rod 10.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown, the ejection component includes a snap ring 27. A positioning rod 28 is slidably connected to the inner side of the semi-circular block 26. The end of the positioning rod 28 is arranged in an arc shape. An elastic member is fixedly connected between the positioning rod 28 and the semi-circular block 26. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the outer side of the rotating rod and the semi-circular block 26. During operation, in accordance with the setting of the torsion spring, there is still a certain force after the unfolding arm 29 unfolds to prevent the material from moving upward. After the unfolding arm 29 returns, in accordance with the setting of the elastic member, the semi-circular block 26 will first sink and then pop outwards and snap into the inner side of the snap ring 27, so that the unfolding arm 29 can be effectively and stably fixed, waiting for the triggering of the next side triggering component, thus realizing the function of the device being reusable, and the structure is simple and does not require manual operation.

[0036] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, the triggering component includes a pressing rod 17. A plurality of sets of receiving grooves 33 are formed in the inner side of the initial placement plate 8. The pressing rod 17 is slidably connected to the inner side of the receiving grooves 33. A linkage component is arranged between the plurality of sets of pressing rods 17. During operation, after the material is positioned, the linkage component drives the plurality of sets of pressing rods 17 to move towards the pressing block 19. At this time, if the balance rod 10 does not move, it means that the material is not above this balance rod 10. When the pressing rod 17 moves, it can contact the pressing block 19 and push it out, causing the unfolding arm 29 to unfold outwards. When the material is above the balance rod 10, at this time, since the pressing block 19 has sunk to a lower position, the pressing rod 17 cannot press the pressing block 19, so that the unfolding arm 29 will not unfold, thus realizing the effect of automatic selection, without manual operation, and can identify whether the unfolding arm 29 needs to unfold.

[0037] As Figure 5As shown, the linkage assembly includes a connecting rod 34. Hydraulic cylinders III 31 are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod 34. The hydraulic cylinders III 31 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the initial placement plate 8. A number of sliding arms 32 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting rod 34. The sliding arms 32 are arranged in a circular ring shape. The sliding arms 32 are slidably connected to the outer side of the extrusion rod 17. A friction assembly is arranged on the outer side of the sliding arms 32. During operation, by starting the two hydraulic cylinders III 31, the connecting rod 34 can drive a number of sliding arms 32 to move. With the setting of the friction assembly, the friction assembly is used to provide a certain amount of frictional force. When the external resistance is large, the sliding arms 32 will move relative to the friction assembly, causing the extrusion rod 17 not to move. When the external resistance is small, the sliding arms 32 will be relatively stationary with the friction assembly and will drive the extrusion rod 17 to move, pushing the extrusion block 19 upward. Thus, through the mechanical structure, the function of selective opening is realized, greatly reducing the time consumed by manual operation.

[0038] As Figure 5 shown, the friction assembly includes a contact pad 35. One end of the contact pad 35 close to the sliding arm 32 is arranged in a raised shape. The outer side of the extrusion block 19 is arranged in an arc shape. One end of the extrusion rod 17 is provided with an inclined surface. During operation, with the setting of the contact pad 35, when the pressure is too high, the sliding arm 32 will slide over the contact pad 35, causing the extrusion rod 17 not to move. At the same time, with the arc-shaped setting of the extrusion block 19 and the inclined surface setting of the extrusion rod 17, the frictional force during the contact process is reduced, making the extrusion process of the extrusion block 19 smooth and fluent.

[0039] During operation, place the material to be tested under the extrusion seat 4, extrude the material through the extrusion seat 4, then move the observation mirror 5 to the position of the extrusion seat 4 through the drive module 3, observe the extrusion indentation through the observation mirror 5, and measure the strength of the material by calculating the area and depth of the indentation. Since the material must be flat during the detection process to allow the extrusion seat 4 to extrude the indentation required for measurement, if the material is uneven, it is likely to cause deviation in the final measurement data. However, grinding the material to be flat takes a lot of time and effort, and it is even more difficult to grind some materials with high hardness. With the setting of the leveling component 7, simply place the material into the leveling component 7. The leveling component 7 can make the flat surface of the material face the extrusion seat 4 according to the different forms of the material, and at the same time fix the uneven surface, so that during the extrusion process, the flat surface of the material can be directly extruded, realizing the function of directly performing hardness detection without grinding the material flat, greatly reducing the energy and time required for pretreatment work; During operation, place the flat surface of the material on the flat final stabilizing plate 9, then start the hydraulic rod 1 to drive the initial placement plate 8 to move downward, so that several groups of balance rods 10 contact the material. The balance rods 10 can expand and contract under the action of the extrusion force, and this expansion and contraction process can be locked. Eventually, several groups of balance rods 10 will wrap the outside of the material. Then start the servo motor 2 to flip the initial placement plate 8 and the final stabilizing plate 9, and at the same time start the servo motor 1 to rotate the final stabilizing plate 9 outwards, so that the upper extrusion seat 4 can perform normal extrusion work, thus realizing the function of adapting to various material forms and making the flat surface of the material contact the extrusion seat 4, ensuring the normal progress of the detection process while being able to perform the detection function without grinding the material flat; During operation, in cooperation with the sliding connection between the balance rod 10 and the translation groove 16, the balance rod 10 can move under the action of pressure. After several groups of balance rods 10 fix the material, start several groups of valves 36 to seal the transfer groove 22, so that the liquid in the power groove 20 cannot flow, and the sealing block 21 can be locked in place, thereby locking the balance rod 10 in place. Through this setting, the function of locking the balance rod 10 at any time is realized, which not only facilitates the operation process, but also after the end, just rotate the initial placement plate 8 back to the upper position and open the valve 36, and the sealing block 21 can return to its original position under the action of gravity;During operation, in the detection process, after the extrusion seat 4 extrudes a dent on the material, under the action of friction, it is easy for the extrusion seat 4 to lift the material upward during the upward movement, causing the material to shift in position, which affects the process of observing the dent. With the setting of the limiting component, after the balance rod 10 fixes the material in the horizontal direction, the up-and-down movement of the balance rod 10 can be restricted, so that the extrusion seat 4 cannot drive the material away. When the triggering component is triggered, it will push the extrusion block 19 to move outward, driving the ejector rod 23 to push open the limiting component. At the same time, the triggering component can selectively trigger the limiting component, only enabling the limiting components in the balance rods 10 around the material to be opened; during operation, with the triggering of the triggering component, the semi-circular block 26 will be pushed outward by the ejector rod 23. With the setting of the two sets of telescopic rods 25, the semi-circular block 26 can only be pushed out a short distance. After that, the ejector rod 23 will continue to move outward to push open the expansion arm 29. After rotation, due to the distance of the outward protruding end of the expanded expansion arm 29, the expansion arm 29 is located outside the material, so that the expansion arm 29 can limit and block the material, effectively reducing the problem that the extrusion seat 4 takes the material outwards under the action of friction, resulting in the material deviating from its original position. The setting of the ejection component can ensure that there is force when the expansion arm 29 expands and is also stably fixed in place when retracted; during operation, with the shape setting of the expansion arm 29, the expansion arm 29 can only rotate 40 to 45 degrees. Through this setting, not only does the blocking function still exist, but when all the expansion arms 29 need to be closed, only the initial placement plate 8 and the final stable plate 9 need to be fitted together. Due to the semi-expanded state of the expansion arm 29, the expansion arm 29 can return to its original state under the action of the extrusion force. At the same time, with the elastic component, the expansion arm 29 can be restricted in place, waiting for the next operation, which greatly facilitates the working process. The buffer pad 30 can provide buffering to reduce the wear of the balance rod 10; during operation, with the setting of the torsion spring, the expansion arm 29 still has a certain force after expansion to prevent the material from moving upward. After the expansion arm 29 returns, with the setting of the elastic part, the semi-circular block 26 will first sink, then pop outwards and snap into the inner side of the snap ring 27, so that the expansion arm 29 can be effectively and stably fixed in place, waiting for the triggering of the next triggering component, thus realizing the function of the device being reusable and having a simple structure without manual operation;During operation, after the material is positioned, the linkage assembly drives several sets of extrusion rods 17 to move towards the extrusion block 19. At this time, if the balance rod 10 does not move, it means that the material is not above this balance rod 10. When the extrusion rod 17 moves, it can contact the extrusion block 19 and push it out, causing the unfolding arm 29 to unfold outward. When the material is above the balance rod 10, at this time, since the extrusion block 19 has sunk to a lower position, the extrusion rod 17 cannot extrude the extrusion block 19, so that the unfolding arm 29 will not unfold, thus achieving the effect of automatic selection. No manual operation is required, and it can identify whether the unfolding arm 29 needs to unfold. During operation, by starting two sets of hydraulic rods three 31, several sets of sliding arms 32 can be driven to move through the connecting rod 34. With the setting of the friction assembly, the friction assembly is used to provide a certain amount of friction. When the external resistance is large, the sliding arm 32 will move relative to the friction assembly, causing the extrusion rod 17 not to move. When the external resistance is small, the sliding arm 32 will be relatively stationary with the friction assembly and will drive the extrusion rod 17 to move, pushing the extrusion block 19 upward. Thus, through the mechanical structure, the function of selective opening is realized, greatly reducing the time consumed by manual operation. During operation, with the setting of the contact pad 35, when the pressure is too high, the sliding arm 32 will slide over the contact pad 35, causing the extrusion rod 17 not to move. At the same time, with the arc setting of the extrusion block 19 and the inclined surface setting of the extrusion rod 17, the friction during contact is reduced, making the extrusion process of the extrusion block 19 smooth and fluent.

[0040] The above front, back, left, right, up, and down are all based on the Figure 1 instructions in the attached drawings. Taking the perspective of the observer as the standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, and the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts, characterized in that: It includes a detection frame (1) and a driving seat (2). The driving seat (2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the detection frame (1). A driving module (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving seat (2). The driving module (3) is used to drive the extrusion seat (4) and the observation mirror (5) to move horizontally and vertically. The extrusion seat (4) and the observation mirror (5) are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the driving module (3). The extrusion seat (4) is located on one side of the observation mirror (5). A horizontal component (7) is arranged at the front end of the detection frame (1). The horizontal component (7) is used to keep the parts placed horizontally. The horizontal component (7) includes a lifting frame (14). One end of the lifting frame (14) is fixedly installed with a second hydraulic rod (15). The second hydraulic rod (15) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the detection frame (1). A second servo motor (13) is fixedly installed inside the other end of the lifting frame (14). A first hydraulic rod (12) is fixedly installed at the transmission end of the second servo motor (13). A first servo motor (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first hydraulic rod (12). A final stabilizing plate (9) is fixedly installed at the transmission end of the first servo motor (11). A first placing plate (8) is fixedly installed at the top end of the first hydraulic rod (12). A number of groups of balance rods (10) are arranged inside the first placing plate (8). A number of groups of translation grooves (16), power grooves (20) and transmission grooves (22) are opened inside the first placing plate (8). The top end of the power groove (20) is communicated with the translation groove (16). The balance rods (10) are slidably connected to the first placing plate (8) through the translation grooves (16). Both ends of the transmission groove (22) are communicated with the upper and lower ends of the power groove (20). A sealing block (21) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the balance rod (10). The inside of the power groove (20) is filled with liquid. A valve (36) is arranged in the middle of the transmission groove (22).

2. The hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove (24) is opened inside the balance rod (10). A push rod (23) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (24). An extrusion block (19) is fixedly installed at the top end of the push rod (23). And a spring (18) is fixedly connected between the extrusion block (19) and the balance rod (10). A limiting component is arranged at the bottom end of the balance rod (10). A triggering component is arranged at the top end of the balance rod (10).

3. The hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a semi-circular block (26). A number of groups of telescopic rods (25) are fixed between the semi-circular block (26) and the balance rod (10). Four groups of expansion arms (29) are arranged on the outer side of the semi-circular block (26). One end of the expansion arm (29) is fixedly connected with a rotating rod. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the semi-circular block (26). An ejection component is arranged on the other side of the expansion arm (29).

4. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unfolding arm (29) is arranged in an arc shape, and a buffer pad (30) is fixedly installed on one side of the unfolding arm (29). The buffer pad (30) is made of an elastic material.

5. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ejection assembly includes a snap ring (27). A positioning rod (28) is slidably connected to the inner side of the semi-circular block (26). The end of the positioning rod (28) is arranged in an arc shape. An elastic member is directly fixed between the positioning rod (28) and the semi-circular block (26). A torsion spring is fixed between the outer side of the rotating rod and the semi-circular block (26).

6. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger assembly includes a pressing rod (17). A plurality of sets of storage grooves (33) are formed in the inner side of the initial placement plate (8). The pressing rod (17) is slidably connected to the inner side of the storage grooves (33). A linkage assembly is arranged between the plurality of sets of pressing rods (17).

7. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a connecting rod (34). Hydraulic cylinders III (31) are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting rod (34). The hydraulic cylinders III (31) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the initial placement plate (8). A plurality of sets of sliding arms (32) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the connecting rod (34). The sliding arms (32) are arranged in a circular ring shape. The sliding arms (32) are slidably connected to the outer side of the pressing rod (17). A friction assembly is arranged on the outer side of the sliding arms (32).

8. A hardness detection device for finished mechanical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The friction assembly includes a contact pad (35). One end of the contact pad (35) close to the sliding arm (32) is arranged in a raised shape. The outer side of the extrusion block (19) is arranged in an arc shape. One end of the pressing rod (17) is provided with an inclined surface.

Images