A 5G network uplink access method under unlicensed spectrum

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for 5G network uplink access in unlicensed spectrum, including: in an unlicensed frequency band environment of a 5G network base station, a user measures the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the available uplink spectrum resources in each unlicensed frequency band within the location area where the user is located; the user takes the available spectrum resource corresponding to the maximum of the spectrum resource selection function as the finally selected spectrum resource; the user uses the selected available spectrum resource for uplink data transmission and reports the signal-to-noise ratio form to the base station at the same time; the base station forms an uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form on the base station side according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio forms reported by each user side and distributes it to all users; the user side updates the user spectrum resource selection function according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form distributed by the base station side; the user takes the available spectrum resource corresponding to the maximum of the spectrum resource selection function as the finally selected spectrum resource; and uses this as the spectrum resource for the user's next uplink channel transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a 5G network uplink access method, in particular to a 5G network uplink access method under unlicensed spectrum. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication, mobile data traffic has grown explosively, constantly challenging the limit of network capacity. In order to improve network capacity, mobile operators, on the one hand, introduce new technologies such as massive MIMO, full duplex, and ultra-dense networking to further improve spectrum utilization; on the other hand, continue to explore new available spectrum resources. At present, although the spectrum resources in the low-frequency band have been saturated, the unlicensed spectrum existing in the 5GHz band is still a resource worthy of exploration.

[0003] In order to effectively use unlicensed spectrum, 3GPP R13 proposed the Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA) technology, that is, the fourth-generation mobile communication system (4G) uses carrier aggregation to jointly use the 5GHz unlicensed spectrum and licensed spectrum. The LAA technology aims to increase the available spectrum resources by introducing unlicensed bands, so as to achieve faster data rates, more sensitive responsiveness, and better user experience.

[0004] LAA is deployed on unlicensed bands. On the one hand, it needs to meet the functions required for using unlicensed bands in some countries or regions; on the other hand, it also needs to inherit and retain the basic principles and design concepts of the LTE protocol, and inherit the robustness of the LTE air interface protocol and excellent system performance. In order to use unlicensed bands fairly and effectively, while maintaining or enhancing the advantages of LTE, LTE may need to make necessary changes to the air interface to achieve fair coexistence of multiple wireless systems and maximize spectrum efficiency.

[0005] There are many wireless communication systems on unlicensed bands. Taking the WiFi system as an example, it uses a contention-based access to unlicensed spectrum. If no channel access control mechanism is adopted, the WiFi system will be greatly interfered, and these interferences change in the time domain and frequency domain. The instability of the wireless environment makes interference coordination difficult to achieve. Therefore, when adopting the LAA technology, the first problem to face and solve is the interference coexistence problem with other systems.

[0006] At present, 5G networks have been commercialized, but they still face the same problems as 4G networks, that is, how to expand the capacity of the current wireless network under limited spectrum resources. Spectrum is equivalent to bandwidth, and the industry needs more spectrum to improve data rates. Therefore, the use of unlicensed spectrum may become a key technology for 5G. The use of unlicensed spectrum in 5G networks will also inevitably face the interference coexistence problem with other systems. Therefore, it is necessary to study the resource allocation mechanism of multiple systems under unlicensed spectrum to minimize the impact of interference on system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Objective of the Invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for 5G network uplink access in unlicensed spectrum in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention discloses a method for 5G network uplink access in unlicensed spectrum, including the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, in the unlicensed frequency band environment of the 5G network base station, the user measures the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the available uplink spectrum resources in each unlicensed frequency band within the location area where the user is located, and forms a signal-to-noise ratio form; the user selects the available spectrum resources according to the principle of maximizing the spectrum resource selection function, that is, the available spectrum resources corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function are used as the finally selected spectrum resources;

[0010] Step 2, the user uses the selected available spectrum resources for uplink data transmission, and at the same time reports the signal-to-noise ratio form to the 5G network base station; if the uplink data transmission is successful, execute Step 4; if the uplink data transmission fails, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is automatically incremented by 1. If the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is less than the maximum allowable retransmission times for uploading to the base station, execute Step 1, otherwise execute Step 3;

[0011] Step 3, the user suspends the uplink data transmission, calculates the time T, the user waits for a period of time T, and at the same time the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is restored to the initial value 0, and then execute Step 1;

[0012] Step 4, the 5G network base station forms an uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form on the base station side according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio forms reported by each user side, and distributes it to all users within the 5G network base station;

[0013] Step 5, the user side updates the user spectrum resource selection function according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form distributed by the 5G network base station side;

[0014] Step 6, the user selects the available spectrum resources according to the updated spectrum resource selection function obtained in Step 5 according to the maximization principle; that is, the available spectrum resources corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function are the finally selected spectrum resources; and use this available spectrum resource as the spectrum resource for the user's next uplink channel transmission;

[0015] Step 7, the user waits for a new uplink data transmission.

[0016] The unlicensed frequency band environment of the 5G network base station described in Step 1 includes:

[0017] There are M users under the 5G network base station, that is, U1 , U 2 , U 3 , U i , ……, U M , where U i represents the i-th user; assume there are N available spectrum resources in this unlicensed frequency band, i.e., F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F j , ……, F N , where F j represents the j-th available spectrum resource.

[0018] Step 1 includes: User U i measures the location area it is in and obtains the signal-to-noise ratio SINR j corresponding to the spectrum resource F (i，j) , and forms a signal-to-noise ratio form, i.e., SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ……, SINR (i，N) ; User U i selects the available spectrum resource F (i，j) according to the maximum principle of the spectrum resource selection function P j ; that is, the available spectrum resource F (i，j) corresponding to the maximum of the spectrum resource selection function P j is used as the finally selected spectrum resource.

[0019] The calculation formula of the spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) described in Step 1 is as follows:

[0020] P (i，j) = SINR (i，j) + 3 * RAND (i，j) () (1)

[0021] where RAND (i，j) () is a random number generation function from 0 to 1, that is, at the location of user U i , for each available spectrum resource F j a RAND (i，j) () is generated.

[0022] When the user U i described in Step 1 selects the available spectrum resource according to the spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) , if the signal-to-noise ratio SINR j corresponding to the selected available spectrum resource F (i，j) is less than the average value of the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to each spectrum resource, that is, it satisfies the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Then abandon the available spectrum resources selected this time, and return to step 1; otherwise, execute step 2.

[0025] In step 2, user U i uses the selected available spectrum resources F j to perform uplink data transmission, and at the same time report the signal-to-noise ratio form SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ……, SINR (i，N) to the base station; if the uplink data transmission is successful, then execute step 4; otherwise, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter COUTER is incremented by 1. If COUTER < Ti, where Ti is the maximum allowable retransmission times for the current base station to upload, then execute step 1, otherwise execute step 3.

[0026] In step 3, the method for calculating the time T includes:

[0027] T = 10 * RAND() * DF (3)

[0028] where RAND() is a random number generation function from 0 to 1; DF is the frame length of the radio frame in the 5G network.

[0029] In step 4, the base station forms the following signal-to-noise ratio list according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio conditions corresponding to the spectrum resources reported by each user:

[0030]

[0031] where SINR (i , j) is the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the jth available spectrum resource at user U i , M is the number of users under the base station, and N is the number of available spectrum resources in the unlicensed band.

[0032] In step 5, the method for updating the user spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) includes:

[0033]

[0034] where SINR (s,t) represents the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the tth available spectrum resource at user U s .

[0035] The user U described in step 7 iWait for new uplink data transmission. If new uplink data transmission starts, execute Step 2; otherwise, keep waiting at Step 7.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] 1: For this invention patent, when multiple systems coexist in unlicensed spectrum and uplink spectrum resources are selected, using the signal-to-noise ratio as a parameter can truly reflect the interference situation of each spectrum resource channel, reduce the probability of co-channel interference, and improve the system throughput.

[0038] 2: When the terminal selects uplink transmission spectrum resources, if only the principle of the maximum signal-to-noise ratio is used to select uplink spectrum resources, it will cause multiple terminals to select the same spectrum resource. This invention first processes the actual signal-to-noise ratio of each spectrum resource and selects uplink spectrum resources based on the processed signal-to-noise ratio, which can reduce the probability of co-channel interference.

[0039] 3. After processing the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each spectrum resource, a threshold value of the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the selected spectrum resource is set. If it is lower than the threshold value, the spectrum resource selected this time is abandoned and reselected, which can avoid the system from misselecting spectrum resources with a relatively small signal-to-noise ratio, thereby increasing the probability of successful uplink transmission.

[0040] 4: Regarding the processing method after uplink transmission failure of the terminal, this invention sets a maximum retransmission times counter, thereby reducing the system retransmission collision probability and improving the system throughput.

[0041] 5: The uplink access spectrum resource selection method proposed by this invention is self-selected by the system and does not require manual intervention, improving the stability of the system operation. Description of the drawings

[0042] The following further specifically describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, and the above and / or other advantages of the present invention will become clearer.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0044] A 5G network uplink access scheme under unlicensed spectrum proposed in this application, when multiple systems share unlicensed spectrum, on the one hand, uplink access spectrum resources are selected based on the signal-to-noise ratio, reducing the probability of uplink transmission collision and improving the system throughput; on the other hand, it reduces the deficiency that the allocation of unlicensed spectrum resources overly depends on the base station side, thereby realizing a distributed uplink access method dominated by the user side.

[0045] When the 5G network shares the unlicensed spectrum with other systems, first on the user side, based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the uplink channel in the area where the user is located, the user establishes a relationship table of each spectrum resource on the user side and its corresponding uplink channel SNR, and updates it in real time. The user selects the spectrum resource with a larger uplink channel SNR for uplink data transmission, and at the same time reports the relationship table of each spectrum resource on the user side and its corresponding uplink channel SNR to the base station. If the uplink data transmission fails, that is, the report fails, the user re-selects a spectrum resource with a larger uplink channel SNR to re-perform the uplink data transmission.

[0046] If multiple uploads are unsuccessful, the user randomly backs off for a period of time, continues to select a spectrum resource with a larger uplink channel SNR for uplink transmission, and at the same time reports the relationship table of each spectrum resource on the user side and its corresponding uplink channel SNR.

[0047] If the user's uplink transmission is successful, based on the relationship table of each spectrum resource and its corresponding uplink channel SNR reported by each user, the base station side establishes a relationship table of each spectrum resource on the base station side and its corresponding uplink channel SNR jointly maintained by all users under this base station. This form is updated in real time and sent to all users within this base station according to a certain time period.

[0048] When the user selects a spectrum resource for uplink transmission, if the SNR of the uplink channel corresponding to the selected spectrum resource is less than the average SNR of the uplink channels corresponding to each spectrum resource in the entire form, it is considered that there is relatively serious interference in this spectrum resource, and the user abandons the spectrum resource selected this time and re-selects other spectrum resources.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, a 5G network uplink access method under unlicensed spectrum includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1, in the unlicensed frequency band environment of the 5G network base station, the user measures the SNR corresponding to the available uplink spectrum resources in each unlicensed frequency band within the area where the user is located to form an SNR form; according to the principle of maximizing the spectrum resource selection function, the user selects the available spectrum resources, that is, the available spectrum resource corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function is used as the finally selected spectrum resource;

[0051] Step 2, the user uses the selected available spectrum resource for uplink data transmission, and at the same time reports the SNR form to the 5G network base station; if the uplink data transmission is successful, then execute Step 4; if the uplink data transmission fails, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is automatically incremented by 1. If the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is less than the maximum allowable retransmission times for base station upload, then execute Step 1, otherwise execute Step 3;

[0052] Step 3: The user pauses the uplink data transmission and calculates the time T. The user waits for a period of time T while the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is restored to the initial value 0, and then Step 1 is executed;

[0053] Step 4: The 5G network base station forms an uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form on the base station side based on the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio forms reported by each user side and distributes it to all users within the 5G network base station;

[0054] Step 5: The user side updates the user spectrum resource selection function according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form distributed by the 5G network base station side;

[0055] Step 6: The user selects the available spectrum resources according to the updated spectrum resource selection function obtained in Step 5 based on the maximization principle; that is, the available spectrum resource corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function is the finally selected spectrum resource; and this available spectrum resource is used as the spectrum resource for the user's next uplink channel transmission;

[0056] Step 7: The user waits for a new uplink data transmission.

[0057] Specifically, assume that a certain 5G base station works with other systems in a certain unlicensed band. There are M users under this base station, namely U 1 , U 2 , U 3 , ……, U M , U i represents the i-th user. Assume that there are N available spectrum resources in this unlicensed band, namely F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , ……, F N , F j represents the j-th available spectrum resource. The signal-to-noise ratio SINR corresponding to the spectrum resource F i where the user U j is located is SINR (i，j) . When the user U i performs uplink data transmission, the uplink spectrum resource selection is carried out according to the following steps.

[0058] Step 1: The user U i measures the signal-to-noise ratio SINR j corresponding to each F (i，j) in the area where it is located and forms a form, that is, SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ……, SINR (i，N) . The user U i selects according to the spectrum resource selection function P (i，j)Maximization principle, for the selection of spectrum resource F j That is, when P (i，j) is maximized, the corresponding F j is selected as the final spectrum resource.

[0059] The calculation formula of P (i，j) is as follows:

[0060] P (i，j) = SINR (i，j) + 3 * RAND (i，j) () (1)

[0061] Wherein, RAND (i，j) () is a random number generation function from 0 to 1, that is, at user U i , for each F j , a RAND (i，j) () will be generated.

[0062] According to formula (1), when the numerical differences of the random numbers generated by the random number generation function RAND (i，j) () are relatively small, the larger the value of the uplink channel SINR (i，j) , the larger the value of P (i，j) . According to formula (1), under the P (i，j) maximization principle, the larger the SINR i corresponding to the spectrum resource F j selected by user U (i，j) , the greater the probability that user U i will successfully transmit on the uplink channel with F j .

[0063] Since the random numbers generated by RAND (i，j) () may have relatively extreme situations, that is: when SINR (i，j) is small, the corresponding RAND (i，j) () is large. At this time, the F (i，j) selected according to the P j maximization principle may correspond to a small SINR (i，j) . When SINR (i，j) is small, it can be considered that at this time F j is being used by other users near U i . If the uplink channel is transmitted with F j again, it will surely cause interference to other users and also result in the uplink transmission failure of user U i .

[0064] To address the above problems, when user U i selects the uplink channel spectrum resource according to formula (1), if the selected Fj The corresponding SINR (i，j) When it is less than the average value of the SINR corresponding to each spectrum resource, that is, when the formula (2) is satisfied, the spectrum resource selected this time is abandoned, and step 1 is returned; otherwise, step 2 is executed.

[0065]

[0066] Step 2: User U i Uses the selected spectrum resource F j To perform uplink data transmission, and at the same time report the SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ……, SINR (i，N) To the base station. If the uplink data transmission is successful, step 4 is executed; if the uplink data transmission fails, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter COUTER is automatically incremented by 1 (the initial value of COUTER is 0). If COUTER < Ti, where Ti is the maximum allowable retransmission times uploaded by the base station, step 1 is executed; otherwise, step 3 is executed.

[0067] Step 3: User U i Pauses the uplink transmission and calculates the time T according to the formula (3). U i Waits for a period of time T, and at the same time the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter COUTER is restored to the initial value 0, and then step 1 is executed.

[0068] T = 10 * RAND() * DF (3)

[0069] Where: RAND() is a random number generation function from 0 to 1; DF is the frame length of the radio frame of the 5G network.

[0070] Step 4: The base station side forms a list shown in formula (4) according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio conditions corresponding to each spectrum resource reported by each user, and distributes it to all users in the base station, and then executes step 5.

[0071]

[0072] In formula (4), SINR (i , j) Is the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the jth spectrum resource at user i, M is the number of users under the base station, and N is the number of available spectrum resources in the unlicensed band.

[0073] Step 5: The user side updates the user spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) According to the spectrum resource and its corresponding uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio relationship table sent by the base station, and based on formula (5), and then executes step 6.

[0074]

[0075] Step 6: User U i Update according to formula (5) to obtain P (i，j) , and perform spectrum resource F j selection according to the maximization principle. That is, P (i，j) corresponding to the maximum value of F j is the finally selected spectrum resource. And use this F j as the spectrum resource for the next uplink channel transmission of user U i , and then execute Step 7.

[0076] Step 7: User U i Wait for the start of a new uplink data transmission. If a new uplink data transmission starts, execute Step 2; otherwise, keep waiting in Step 7.

[0077] Example:

[0078] Taking a real 5G base station as an example, it works with other systems in an unlicensed band. Assume that there are 6 users under this base station, namely U 1 , U 2 , U 3 , U 4 , U 5 , U 6 . Assume that there are 10 available spectrum resources in this unlicensed band, namely F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 , F 5 , F 6 , F 7 , F 8 , F 9 , F 10 . Define the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the spectrum resource F i where user U j is located as SINR (i，j) , that is: the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the spectrum resource F 1 where user U 1 is located is SINR (1，1) ; the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the spectrum resource F 6 where user U 10 is located is SINR (6，10) . Taking user U 2 as an example, the uplink spectrum resource selection steps are described below.

[0079] Step 1: User U 2Measure the location area where it is located, and the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to 10 spectrum resources are, in sequence: SINR (2，1) = 5.68 dB, SINR (2，2) = 7.23 dB, SINR (2，3) = -4.56 dB, SINR (2，4) = 1.21 dB, SINR (2，5) = -6.51 dB, SINR (2，6) = 8.79 dB, SINR (2，7) = 2.77 dB, SINR (2，8) = -4.01 dB, SINR (2，9) = -8.08 dB, SINR (2，10) = 6.25 dB. User U 2 According to the principle of maximizing the spectrum resource selection function P, select the spectrum resource F. That is, the spectrum resource corresponding to the maximum P is used as the finally selected spectrum resource.

[0080] P (i，j) The calculation formula of is as follows: P (i，j) = SINR (i，j) + 3 * RAND (i，j) ()

[0081] Where: P (i，j) is the spectrum resource selection function corresponding to the spectrum resource F at the location of user U i , RAND j () is a random number generation function from 0 to 1, that is, at the location of user U (i，j) , for each F i a RAND j will be generated. (i，j) ()

[0082] According to the above formula, the spectrum resource selection functions corresponding to 10 spectrum resources at the location of user U 2 are calculated as follows: P (2，1) = 7.54, P (2，2) = 7.32, P (2，3) = -1.99, P (2，4) = 2.39, P (2，5) = -5.26, P (2，6) = 6.88, P (2，7) = 2.93, P (2，8) = -3.77, P (2，9) = -5.85, P (2，10) = 6.81.

[0083] Since the value of P (2，1) = 7.54 is the largest, so user U 2Preliminarily select the spectrum resource F 1 As the spectrum resource for uplink transmission, at this time:

[0084] (SINR (2，1) + SINR (2，2) + SINR (2，3) + SINR (2，4) + SINR (2，5) + SINR (2，6) + SINR (2，7) + SINR (2，8) + SINR (2，9) + SINR (2，10) ) / 10 = 10 / 10 = 1 dB, and at the same time SINR (2，1) = 5.68 dB > 1 dB, so the user U 2 Finally selects F 1 As the spectrum resource for uplink transmission.

[0085] Step 2: The user U 2 Uses the selected spectrum resource F 1 To perform uplink data transmission, and at the same time report SINR (2，1) , SINR (2，2) , SINR (2，3) , SINR (2，4) , SINR (2，5) , SINR (2，6) , SINR (2，7) , SINR (2，8) , SINR (2，9) , SINR (2，10) To the base station. Assume that the uplink data transmission is successful, then execute Step 3;

[0086] Step 3: The base station side forms the following list according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio conditions corresponding to each spectrum resource reported by each user (while the user U 2 Reports, the users U 1 , U 3 , U 4 , U 5 , U 6 Also report simultaneously), and distributes it to all users in the base station, and then execute Step 4.

[0087]

[0088] The above SINR (i，j) Represents the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the jth spectrum resource at the user i.

[0089] Step 4: The user U 2 According to the signal-to-noise ratio relationship table distributed by the base station, and based on the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] For user U 2 Spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) is updated, and the calculation results are as follows:

[0092] P (2，1) = 0.31, P (2，2) = 0.40, P (2，3) = -0.25, P (2，4) = 0.07, P (2，5) = -0.36, P (2，6) = 0.38, P (2，7) = 0.15, P (2，8) = -0.22, P (2，9) = -0.45, P (2，10) = 0.35.

[0093] Since the value of P (2，2) = 0.40 is the largest, user U 2 selects F 2 as the spectrum resource for the next uplink channel transmission of user U 2 , and then executes step 6.

[0094] Step 6: User U 2 waits for the start of a new uplink data transmission. If a new uplink data transmission starts, step 2 is executed; otherwise, wait in step 6 all the time.

[0095] In specific implementation, the present application provides a computer storage medium and a corresponding data processing unit. Among them, the computer storage medium can store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the data processing unit, it can run the invention content of a 5G network uplink access method under unlicensed spectrum provided by the present invention and some or all steps in each embodiment. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by means of a computer program and its corresponding general hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the essence of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer program, that is, a software product. The computer program software product can be stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a single-chip microcomputer, an MUU or a network device, etc.) including a data processing unit to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0097] The present invention provides an idea and method for the uplink access method of a 5G network in unlicensed spectrum. There are many methods and ways to specifically implement this technical solution. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Each component not clearly defined in this embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for uplink access of 5G network in unlicensed spectrum, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Step 1, in the unlicensed frequency band environment of the 5G network base station, the user measures the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the available uplink spectrum resources in each unlicensed frequency band within the location area where the user is located, and forms a signal-to-noise ratio form; The user selects the available spectrum resources according to the principle of maximizing the spectrum resource selection function, that is, the available spectrum resources corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function are used as the finally selected spectrum resources; Step 2, the user uses the selected available spectrum resources for uplink data transmission, and at the same time reports the signal-to-noise ratio form to the 5G network base station; If the uplink data transmission is successful, then execute Step 4; if the uplink data transmission fails, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is automatically incremented by 1. If the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is less than the maximum allowable retransmission times for uploading to the base station, then execute Step 1, otherwise execute Step 3; Step 3, the user suspends the uplink data transmission and calculates the time T. The user waits for a period of time T, and at the same time the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter is restored to the initial value 0, and then execute Step 1; Step 4, the 5G network base station forms an uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form on the base station side according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio forms reported by each user side, and distributes it to all users within the 5G network base station; Step 5, the user side updates the user spectrum resource selection function according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio form distributed by the 5G network base station side; Step 6, the user selects the available spectrum resources according to the updated spectrum resource selection function obtained in Step 5 according to the maximization principle; that is, the available spectrum resources corresponding to the maximum value of the spectrum resource selection function are the finally selected spectrum resources; and use this available spectrum resource as the spectrum resource for the user's next uplink channel transmission; Step 7, the user waits for a new uplink data transmission; The unlicensed frequency band environment of the 5G network base station described in Step 1 includes: There are M users under the 5G network base station, namely U 1 , U 2 , U 3 , U i , ……, U M , where U i represents the i-th user; Let there be N available spectrum resources in this unlicensed frequency band, namely F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F j , ……, F N , where F j represents the j-th available spectrum resource; Step 1 includes: User U i Measure the location area and obtain the spectrum resource F at the location j The corresponding signal-to-noise ratio SINR (i，j) , and form the signal-to-noise ratio form, namely SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ..., SINR (i，N) ; User U i Select function P according to spectrum resources (i，j) Maximization principle, the available spectrum resources F j The choice of spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) The available spectrum resource F corresponding to the maximum j As the spectrum resource for final selection; The spectrum resource selection function P described in step 1 (i，j) has the following calculation formula: P (i，j) = SINR (i，j) + 3*RAND (i，j) () (1) Among them, RAND (i，j) () is a random number generation function from 0 to 1, that is, at user U i , for each available spectrum resource F j , a RAND (i，j) () is generated; User U described in Step 1 i According to the spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) When performing available spectrum resource selection, if the selected available spectrum resource F j The corresponding signal-to-noise ratio SINR (i，j) Is less than the average value of the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to each spectrum resource, that is, the following formula is satisfied: Then abandon the available spectrum resources selected this time, and return to Step 1; otherwise execute Step 2; In step 5, for the user spectrum resource selection function P (i，j) The method for updating includes: Among them, SINR (s,t) represents the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the t-th available spectrum resource at user U s .

2. A method for uplink access of 5G network in unlicensed spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, user U i uses the selected available spectrum resource F j to perform uplink data transmission, and at the same time reports the signal-to-noise ratio form SINR (i，1) , SINR (i，2) , SINR (i，3) , ……, SINR (i，N) to the base station; if the uplink data transmission is successful, then step 4 is executed; otherwise, the value of the uplink data transmission failure counter COUTER is incremented by 1. If COUTER < Ti, where Ti is the maximum allowable number of retransmissions for the current base station upload, then step 1 is executed; otherwise, step 3 is executed.

3. A method for uplink access of 5G network in unlicensed spectrum according to claim 2, characterized in that, In Step 3, the method for calculating the time T includes: T = 10 * RAND() * DF(3) wherein, RAND() is a generation function of random numbers from 0 to 1; DF is the frame length of the radio frame of the 5G network.

4. A method for uplink access of 5G network in unlicensed spectrum according to claim 3, characterized in that, In Step 4, the base station side forms the following signal-to-noise ratio list according to the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio situation corresponding to each spectrum resource reported by each user: where, SINR (i，j) is the uplink channel signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the j-th available spectrum resource at user U i , M is the number of users under the base station, and N is the number of available spectrum resources in the unlicensed band.

5. A method for uplink access of 5G network in unlicensed spectrum according to claim 4, characterized in that, User U described in step 7 i Wait for a new uplink data transmission. If a new uplink data transmission starts, execute step 2; otherwise, keep waiting in step 7.

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