Battery management system, battery pack, and vehicle

Abstract

This application provides a battery management system, a battery pack, and a vehicle. The battery management system is included in the battery pack and includes a power conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system switches from a first operating mode to a second operating mode. In the second operating mode, the power conversion module connects to the battery cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the cells to power the control module and the communication module. The control module controls the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. This battery management system allows the battery pack to operate independently and communicate normally with external devices even after being removed from the vehicle, thus meeting the requirements of battery separation in new energy vehicles and ensuring the effectiveness of the battery pack and the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicles, and more particularly to a battery management system, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In new energy vehicles, the battery pack is a crucial component, providing energy. During operation, the battery pack is typically controlled by a Battery Management System (BMS), which performs vital functions such as monitoring high-voltage power supply and total current. In many related technologies, the battery pack's normal operation relies on the vehicle body. Once detached from the body, it completely loses its interactive capabilities, preventing it from operating independently. However, modern new energy vehicles require battery-electric separation, a requirement that current battery management systems and battery packs cannot meet, thus impacting battery pack performance and user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a battery management system, a battery pack, and a vehicle, which at least partially solve the problems described above.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application provides a battery management system included in a battery pack. The battery management system includes a power conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system switches from a first operating mode to a second operating mode. When the battery management system is in the second operating mode, the power conversion module is connected to the battery cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the battery cells to supply power to the control module and the communication module. The control module is used to control the communication module to communicate with an external communication object.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the power conversion module includes a power supply unit and a conversion unit. When the battery management system is in the second operating mode, the power supply unit is connected to the conversion unit, and the conversion unit is connected to the battery cell to convert the electrical energy of the battery cell into input electrical energy. The power supply unit is connected to the control module and the communication module, and supplies power to the control module and the communication module according to the input electrical energy.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the conversion unit includes a DC / DC conversion circuit.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to acquire in real time the status information of the battery pack when the battery management system is in the second working mode, and send the status information to the control module; the control module is used to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the status information includes at least one of the following: the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery pack, and the total voltage.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the control module is further configured to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object at preset intervals.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, when the battery management system is in the first operating mode, the power supply unit is connected to the energy storage device on the vehicle and supplies power to the control module according to the electrical energy of the energy storage device. The control module is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller on the vehicle.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the control module is further configured to control the communication module to send the mode switching information to the external communication object when the power management system switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, and to lock the battery pack according to the locking command issued by the external communication object based on the mode switching information.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, an embodiment of this application provides a battery pack that includes the battery management system provided in the first aspect above.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, an embodiment of this application provides a vehicle that includes a battery pack as described in the second aspect above.

[0014] In the battery management system provided in this application embodiment, when the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system can switch from a first working mode to a second working mode. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the power conversion module can connect to the battery cells of the battery pack and convert the electrical energy of the cells to power the control module and the communication module. The control module can be used to control the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. Therefore, the battery management system in this application embodiment enables the battery pack to work independently and communicate normally with the outside after being removed from the vehicle, thereby meeting the requirements of vehicle-battery separation for new energy vehicles and ensuring the performance of the battery pack and the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain this application and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a battery management system in a second operating mode according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a battery management system in a first operating mode according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0019] The first aspect of this application provides a battery management system included in a battery pack. The battery management system includes a power conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system switches from a first operating mode to a second operating mode. When the battery management system is in the second operating mode, the power conversion module is connected to the battery cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the battery cells to supply power to the control module and the communication module. The control module is used to control the communication module to communicate with an external communication object.

[0020] In the battery management system provided in this application embodiment, when the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system can switch from a first working mode to a second working mode. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the power conversion module can connect to the battery cells of the battery pack and convert the electrical energy of the cells to power the control module and the communication module. The control module can be used to control the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. Therefore, the battery management system in this application embodiment enables the battery pack to work independently and communicate normally with the outside after being removed from the vehicle, thereby meeting the requirements of vehicle-battery separation for new energy vehicles and ensuring the performance of the battery pack and the user experience.

[0021] The Battery Management System (BMS) is a crucial management system for the battery pack, responsible for collecting and monitoring its status and controlling its operation. Specifically, removing the battery pack from the vehicle means removing it from the vehicle's body. In this embodiment, the BMS is integrated into the battery pack; that is, the BMS is an integral part of the battery pack, and it detaches from the vehicle along with the battery pack when it is removed.

[0022] Specifically, the battery management system in this embodiment includes a power conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. The power conversion module can convert external electrical energy into a voltage that can power the battery management system to operate normally. The control module is the control core of the battery management system, which can process system data and send and receive control commands. The communication module can be used to communicate with the outside world.

[0023] Specifically, the control module can be an MCU, which is small in size, fast in operation, high in precision, and low in cost. Of course, other control modules can also be used, such as control chips like DSPs, FPGAs, and CPUs; this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0024] Specifically, the communication module can be a cellular network-based communication module or a communication module based on other protocols, such as WIFI, ZIGBEE, etc. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions, as long as it can meet the requirements.

[0025] In this embodiment, the battery management system includes two operating modes: a first operating mode and a second operating mode. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, the battery management system can switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode. Specifically, when the battery management system is in the first operating mode, the battery pack is installed on the vehicle body; when the battery management system is in the second operating mode, the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, the battery management system actively switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0026] In this embodiment, the battery cell is a crucial component of the battery pack, storing electrical energy. When the battery pack is installed on the vehicle body, the battery cells are the primary source of energy for the vehicle. In the second operating mode of the battery management system in this embodiment, the power conversion module is connected to the battery cells of the battery pack. The power conversion module converts the electrical energy of the battery cells to power the control module and communication module, maintaining their normal operation. It should be noted that in the second operating mode, the control module can communicate with the communication module, enabling the control module to communicate with external communication objects. Therefore, this allows the battery management system to draw power from the battery cells even after the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, and it can also exchange information with external communication objects, thus ensuring the battery pack continues to function normally even after removal from the vehicle body.

[0027] Specifically, the external communication object can be a device or a backend server. When communicating with the external communication object, the communication module can send the relevant status of the battery pack to the external communication object.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the control module can be used to control the communication module to send mode switching information to the external communication object when the battery management system switches from a first operating mode to a second operating mode, and to lock the battery pack according to the locking command issued by the external communication object based on the mode switching information.

[0029] Specifically, mode switching information can be used to indicate the status of the battery pack being removed from the vehicle body. That is, when the control module controls the communication module to send mode switching information to an external communication object, the external communication object can know from the mode switching information that the battery pack has been removed from the vehicle body. Then, based on the actual situation, it can decide whether to lock the battery pack. If locking the battery pack is required, the external communication object can send a locking command to the communication module, which then transmits the locking command to the control module. The control module locks the battery pack according to the locking command. Of course, when locking is not required, the external communication object does not need to send a locking command.

[0030] In this embodiment, locking the battery pack refers to locking its position and output states. Specifically, once the position and output states are locked, even if the battery pack is reinstalled on the vehicle body, it will remain in the second operating mode as long as the lock is not released. In this mode, the vehicle cannot utilize the battery pack's power, and the battery pack is essentially still in a removed state, operating independently of the vehicle body. Optionally, the locking command can be manually sent by the user to the communication module of the battery management system based on mode switching information received from the external communication object.

[0031] Specifically, the battery pack can be unlocked by the user sending a control command to the communication module via an external communication object.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the power conversion module includes a power supply unit and a conversion unit. When the battery management system is in the second operating mode, the power supply unit is connected to the conversion unit, and the conversion unit is connected to the battery cell to convert the electrical energy of the battery cell into input electrical energy. The power supply unit is connected to the control module and the communication module, and supplies power to the control module and the communication module according to the input electrical energy.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the power conversion module includes two parts: a conversion unit for converting electrical energy in the battery cell into input electrical energy, and a power supply unit for supplying power to the control module and the communication module based on the input electrical energy converted by the conversion unit. The two work together to complete the normal operation of the battery management system.

[0034] In this embodiment, the input electrical energy refers to the electrical energy converted from the battery cell by the conversion unit. Since the electrical energy in the battery cell is generally DC, and the operating power required by the battery management system control module and communication module in this embodiment is also DC, the conversion unit in this embodiment includes a DC / DC conversion circuit. The DC / DC conversion circuit can convert the DC electrical energy of the battery cell into DC electrical energy at a voltage level that is the same as or similar to the operating power required by the control module, i.e., the input electrical energy used by the power supply unit. Optionally, the DC / DC conversion circuit in this embodiment is a DC / DC buck circuit.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, the DC / DC conversion circuit first converts the electrical energy of the battery cell into a 12V DC voltage, and then converts the 12V DC voltage into a 5V DC voltage.

[0036] The embodiments of this application do not limit the actual structure of the DC / DC conversion circuit. It can be a pure circuit structure or a DC / DC conversion circuit in an integrated DC / DC conversion module. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0037] Optionally, in the second operating mode of the battery management system in this embodiment, when the power supply unit supplies power to the control module and the communication module based on the input electrical energy, the input electrical energy can be further processed, such as by voltage regulation and filtering, to provide stable operating power for the control module and the communication module. Therefore, the power supply unit may include a voltage regulator circuit, which can stabilize the input electrical energy in a state most suitable for the operation of the control module and the communication module.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to acquire in real time the status information of the battery pack when the battery management system is in the second working mode, and send the status information to the control module; the control module is used to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object.

[0039] Specifically, in the second operating mode, the power conversion circuit is connected to the battery cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the battery cells, which can also power the acquisition module.

[0040] In this embodiment, the acquisition module may specifically include multiple sensors, which can be installed at different locations within the battery pack. The battery management system can utilize these sensors to monitor the battery pack's status information in real time. After acquisition, the system can send the monitoring data to the control module, thus enabling the acquisition of the battery pack's status information in the second operating mode, i.e., after the battery pack has been removed from the vehicle body. Furthermore, the control module sends the status information to an external communication object via a control communication module. Upon receiving the status information, the external communication object completes the status monitoring of the battery pack after its removal from the vehicle body.

[0041] In the battery management system of this embodiment, the acquisition module may specifically include at least one of the following: a state-of-charge sensor capable of detecting the SOC of the battery pack, a temperature sensor capable of detecting the current temperature of the battery pack, and a voltage sensor capable of detecting the current total voltage of the battery pack. The specific model of each sensor is not limited in this embodiment.

[0042] In one embodiment, the acquisition module is an AFE battery front-end acquisition module, which can perform different acquisition functions of the above-mentioned sensors. This application does not limit the specific model. As a preferred example, it can be an AFE battery front-end acquisition module of the BQ79xx series or LTC68xx series.

[0043] Correspondingly, the status information in this embodiment includes at least one of the following: the SOC of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery pack, and the total voltage of the battery pack. This status information is crucial for the battery pack; abnormal values ​​often indicate a battery pack malfunction. Therefore, after the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, when the battery management system is in its second operating mode, the control module can send this status information to an external communication object. This allows the external communication object to monitor the status of the battery pack, promptly detect anomalies, ensure battery pack safety, and facilitate timely fault resolution by the user.

[0044] Since there are often more than one cell in a battery pack, optionally, when the acquisition module acquires the total voltage of the battery pack, it can also acquire the voltage of each cell in this embodiment, and send it together with the total voltage to an external communication object by the communication module.

[0045] Optionally, in this embodiment, the control module is further configured to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object at preset intervals. This ensures that the status information is updated at preset intervals, which can be set by the user. In one feasible implementation, the preset interval can be modified and set by the user on the external communication object.

[0046] Of course, the acquisition module in this embodiment may also include more types of sensors for detecting different state information, such as current sensors. Furthermore, the control module can perform analysis tasks based on the state information, such as estimating the SOC of the battery pack and performing integrity analysis of the battery management system, and send the analysis results to an external communication object via the communication module.

[0047] Furthermore, when the battery management system is in its first operating mode, i.e. when the battery pack is installed on the vehicle, the acquisition module can also collect the status information of the battery pack.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the battery management system is in the first operating mode, the power supply unit is connected to the energy storage device on the vehicle and supplies power to the control module based on the electrical energy of the energy storage device. The control module is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller on the vehicle. Specifically, the acquisition module is also powered by the power supply unit of the power conversion module based on the electrical energy of the energy storage device.

[0049] Specifically, when the battery management system is in its first operating mode, the battery pack is installed on the vehicle. At this time, the control module is communicatively connected to the vehicle's vehicle control unit (VCU), and the control module can send and receive data with the VCU. To conserve the energy in the battery cells, the power supply unit in this embodiment can be directly connected to the energy storage device on the vehicle. The conversion unit does not obtain energy from the battery cells but obtains energy from the energy storage device and supplies power to the control module based on the energy from the energy storage device.

[0050] It should be noted that in the first working mode of the battery management system, the control module does not need to control the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. The control module can communicate directly with the vehicle controller to complete the vehicle controller's monitoring of the battery pack's status information.

[0051] In this embodiment, the type of energy storage device is not limited. As a preferred implementation, the energy storage device can be a lead-acid battery.

[0052] For ease of understanding, the following is based on the architecture diagram. Figure 2 and Figure 1 The first and second operating modes of an optional battery management system in this application are further described. In this example, the control is an MCU, the external communication unit is a backend server, and the energy storage device is a lead-acid battery.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In the first working mode of the battery management system in this embodiment, the battery pack is installed on the vehicle, the power supply unit is connected to the energy storage device and draws power from the energy storage device, and supplies power to the control module according to the energy of the energy storage device. The control module sends the battery pack status information collected by the acquisition module in the first working mode to the vehicle controller (VCU) connected to it for communication, and completes the normal operation and status monitoring of the battery pack when it is installed on the vehicle. At this time, the control module does not control the communication module, and the conversion unit in the power conversion module does not draw power from the cells of the battery pack.

[0054] When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 In the second working mode of the battery management system in this embodiment, the battery pack is removed from the vehicle. The conversion unit in the power conversion module obtains electrical energy from the cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the cells into input electrical energy. The power supply unit is connected to the conversion unit and supplies power to the control module and communication module connected to it according to the input electrical energy. The acquisition module collects the status information of the battery pack and sends it to the control module. The control module controls the communication module to send the status information of the battery pack when the battery management system is in the second working mode to the external communication object, thus completing the normal independent operation and status monitoring of the battery pack after it is removed from the vehicle.

[0056] It should be understood that the above examples are merely preferred embodiments for ease of understanding and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0057] As can be seen from the above, in the battery management system provided in this application embodiment, when the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the power management system can switch from a first working mode to a second working mode. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the power conversion module can connect to the battery cells of the battery pack and convert the electrical energy of the cells to power the control module and the communication module. The control module can be used to control the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. Therefore, the battery management system in this application embodiment enables the battery pack to work independently and communicate normally with the outside after being removed from the vehicle, thereby meeting the requirements of vehicle-battery separation for new energy vehicles and ensuring the performance of the battery pack and the user experience.

[0058] In a second aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, which includes the battery management system provided in the first aspect. Because the battery pack includes the aforementioned battery management system, the battery pack in this application embodiment can operate independently and communicate normally with the outside after being removed from the vehicle, thereby meeting the requirements of battery separation in new energy vehicles and ensuring the effectiveness of the battery pack and the user experience.

[0059] A third aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes the battery pack provided in the second aspect described above.

[0060] In one embodiment, the vehicle includes an energy storage device and a vehicle control unit (VCU). The energy storage device can be a lead-acid battery. When the battery management system of the battery pack is in a first operating mode, it can be connected to a power supply unit. The power supply unit can supply power to the control module based on the electrical energy in the lead-acid battery. The control module can communicate with the vehicle control unit and send the status information of the battery pack when it is installed in the vehicle to the vehicle control unit.

[0061] Therefore, this vehicle can meet the requirements of battery separation for new energy vehicles, ensuring good performance and user experience.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system, which is included in the battery pack, includes a power conversion module, a control module, and a communication module. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle, the battery management system switches from a first working mode to a second working mode. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the power conversion module is connected to the cells of the battery pack and converts the electrical energy of the cells to supply power to the control module and the communication module. The control module is used to control the communication module to communicate with external communication objects. When the battery management system is in the first working mode, the battery pack is installed on the vehicle body. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body. When the battery pack is removed from the vehicle body, the battery pack management system actively switches from the first working mode to the second working mode. The control module is also used to control the communication module to send mode switching information to the external communication object when the battery management system switches from the first working mode to the second working mode, and to lock the battery pack according to the locking command issued by the external communication object based on the mode switching information, wherein locking the battery pack refers to locking the position state and output state of the battery pack.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion module includes a power supply unit and a conversion unit. When the battery management system is in the second working mode, the power supply unit is connected to the conversion unit, and the conversion unit is connected to the battery cell to convert the electrical energy of the battery cell into input electrical energy. The power supply unit is connected to the control module and the communication module, and supplies power to the control module and the communication module according to the input electrical energy.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, wherein the conversion unit includes a DC / DC conversion circuit.

4. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery management system further includes: a data acquisition module, which is used to acquire the status information of the battery pack in real time when the battery management system is in the second working mode, and send the status information to the control module; the control module is used to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object.

5. The battery management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The status information includes at least one of the following: the SOC of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery pack, and the total voltage of the battery pack.

6. The battery management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control module is further configured to control the communication module to send the status information to the external communication object at preset intervals.

7. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the battery management system is in the first working mode, the power supply unit is connected to the energy storage device on the vehicle and supplies power to the control module according to the electrical energy of the energy storage device. The control module is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller on the vehicle.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The battery management system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The battery pack as described in claim 8.

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