Electric vehicle orderly charging method, device, terminal equipment and medium

Abstract

This application discloses a method, apparatus, terminal device, and medium for orderly charging of electric vehicles. The method comprises: establishing a cost model for power system power over-limit penalties; establishing a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the cost model for power system power over-limit penalties; solving the target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles using electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity, and user energy demand as constraints, and determining a target solution for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the calculation results. The method for orderly charging of electric vehicles provided in this application effectively reduces the impact load on the power grid caused by electric vehicle charging while meeting the energy needs of electric vehicle users. It can also reverse power to the power grid during peak power consumption periods, effectively alleviating peak power consumption and distribution network congestion, thereby facilitating the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electrical engineering technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, terminal equipment, and medium for orderly charging of electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles (EVs) have great potential for energy conservation, environmental protection, and reducing dependence on fossil fuels, and have garnered widespread attention and support worldwide in recent years. However, the widespread integration of EVs into power grids has had a significant impact on the operation and planning of power grids, particularly distribution networks. The most prominent manifestation is the massive increase in load. Furthermore, the disorderly charging of EVs exacerbates peak-to-valley load variations, easily causing power limits to exceed certain nodes at certain times, posing a significant threat to the safe operation of distribution networks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an orderly charging method, device, terminal equipment and medium for electric vehicles to solve the problem of excessive load growth caused by the existing disorderly charging method of electric vehicles, which in turn makes some nodes in the power grid prone to power limit violations and affects the safe operation of the distribution network.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present application provides an orderly charging method for an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0005] Establish a cost model for power system power limit penalty;

[0006] Based on the cost model of power system power limit penalty, a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles is established;

[0007] Taking electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity and user energy demand as constraints, the target model of orderly charging of electric vehicles is solved, and the target plan of orderly charging of electric vehicles is determined based on the calculation results.

[0008] Furthermore, preferably, the establishment of a cost model for power system power limit penalty includes:

[0009] Based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty with a piecewise linear function form is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,tis the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles is established based on the cost model of power system power limit penalty, including:

[0013]

[0014]

[0015] Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, the constraints based on electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity, and user energy demand include:

[0017] Constraints on electric vehicle power:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile;

[0021] Limiting the battery capacity of electric vehicles:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively;

[0026] Constraining user energy requirements:

[0027]

[0028] Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

[0029] The present application also provides an orderly charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0030] A cost model building unit, used to build a cost model for power system power limit penalty;

[0031] A target model building unit is used to establish a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on a cost model for power system power over-limit penalties;

[0032] The constraint solving unit is used to solve the target model of orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the power of electric vehicles, the battery capacity of electric vehicles and the energy demand of users, and determine the target plan of orderly charging of electric vehicles according to the calculation results.

[0033] Furthermore, preferably, the cost model building unit is further configured to:

[0034] Based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty with a piecewise linear function form is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

[0037] Furthermore, preferably, the target model building unit is further configured to:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t.

[0041] Furthermore, preferably, the constraint solving unit is further configured to:

[0042] Constraints on electric vehicle power:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile;

[0046] Limiting the battery capacity of electric vehicles:

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively;

[0051] Constraining user energy requirements:

[0052]

[0053] Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

[0054] The present application also provides a terminal device, including:

[0055] one or more processors;

[0056] a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs;

[0057] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the orderly charging method for an electric vehicle as described in any one of the above items.

[0058] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for orderly charging an electric vehicle as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0060] The present application discloses a method, apparatus, terminal device and medium for orderly charging of electric vehicles. The method comprises: establishing a cost model for power system power over-limit penalty; establishing a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the cost model for power system power over-limit penalty; solving the target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles with electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity and user energy demand as constraints, and determining a target plan for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the calculation results.

[0061] The orderly charging method for electric vehicles provided in this application effectively reduces the impact load on the power grid caused by electric vehicle charging while meeting the energy needs of electric vehicle users, and can reverse power to the power grid during peak power consumption periods, effectively alleviating peak power consumption and distribution network congestion problems, which is conducive to the safe and stable operation of the distribution network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an orderly charging method for an electric vehicle provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2This is a graph showing the change in electric vehicle power in Case 1 and Case 2 provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the electric vehicle charging power and Dongguan system load curves in Case 1 and Case 2 provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the change of the transformer congestion index factor during the period when the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile in Case 1 and Case 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an orderly charging device for electric vehicles provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in a certain embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0070] It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are only for convenience of description and are not intended to limit the order in which the steps are to be executed.

[0071] It should be understood that the terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0072] The terms “include” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0073] The term "and / or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0074] See also Figure 1 , a certain embodiment of the present application provides an orderly charging method for electric vehicles. Figure 1As shown, the electric vehicle orderly charging method includes steps S10 to S30. The specific steps are as follows:

[0075] S10. Establish a cost model for power system power limit penalty;

[0076] In this step, in order to avoid congestion in the distribution network, the concept of Current Congestion Indicator Factor (CCIF) is introduced to describe the relationship between the load level of the distribution network and the capacity carrying capacity of its transformer.

[0077] Specifically, based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty in the form of a piecewise linear function is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution transformer at node n during time period t. As can be seen, CCIF ∈ [0, 1]. When CCIF reaches different thresholds, different prices are applied to the over-limit penalty. Therefore, the CCIF is divided into L segments, each with its own corresponding penalty price.

[0080] S20. Establish a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on a cost model for power system power over-limit penalties;

[0081] In this step, the time scale of the model for orderly charging of electric vehicles to alleviate distribution network congestion is 1 hour. The goal is to minimize the daily cost of the power system, including the coal consumption cost of thermal power units, the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units, the gas cost of gas power units, the start-up and shutdown costs of gas power units, and the power over-limit penalty cost of distribution network transformers. A target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles is established. The target model is as follows:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t.

[0085] S30. Solve the target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles with the electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity, and user energy demand as constraints, and determine the target plan for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the calculation results.

[0086] In this step, firstly, the constraints based on the electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity and user energy demand are established, specifically:

[0087] Constraining the power of electric vehicles: Making a reasonable assumption about the charging and discharging power range of electric vehicles, that is, the maximum charging power is equal to the maximum discharging power, the power range constraint of electric vehicles becomes:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile;

[0091] Constraints on the battery power of electric vehicles: For electric vehicles with any number of controllable time periods in a day, the change constraints of the battery power value in each time period are:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Where, E m,tis the battery power value of electric vehicle j during period t; is the initial power value when the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j respectively;

[0096] Constraints are imposed on the user's energy demand: Each electric vehicle needs to meet the energy demand set by the electric vehicle user when leaving the charging pile. Therefore, we have:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, is the power demand value set by the electric vehicle user.

[0099] After establishing the constraint conditions, the above model is applied to the Matlab software, written in Yalmip language, and solved by CPLEX to obtain the benefits of the orderly charging of electric vehicles in alleviating the congestion of the distribution network, and at the same time determine the target scheme for the orderly charging of electric vehicles.

[0100] The method for orderly charging of electric vehicles provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively reduce the impact load brought to the power grid by the charging of electric vehicles while meeting the energy demand of electric vehicle users, and can feed power back to the power grid during the peak electricity consumption period, effectively alleviating the peak electricity consumption situation and the congestion problem of the distribution network, which is beneficial to the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.

[0101] To help understand the solution of the present application, in a specific embodiment, taking Guangdong Province as an example, based on the 500 kV power grid framework in Guangdong Province, the effectiveness of the orderly charging of electric vehicles in reducing the load rate of the distribution network transformer and alleviating the congestion of the peak electricity consumption network in Dongguan City was simulated and analyzed.

[0102] Specifically, set the thresholds C1 = 0.6 and C2 = 0.8. When CCIF < C1, the transformer is in a normal working state, with a low load rate and no CCIF over-limit penalty; when C1 ≤ CCIF ≤ C2, the transformer is in a busy state, with a large load rate and a CCIF over-limit penalty, and the penalty price is low; when CCIF > C2, the transformer is in an endangered state, with a very large load rate, and there is a CCIF over-limit penalty and a high penalty price. Among them, Table 1 shows the relevant parameters of electric vehicles.

[0103] Table 1 Aggregator's total revenue and battery degradation cost

[0104]

[0105] Step 1) Establish a power system power over-limit penalty cost model using a piecewise linear function.

[0106] To avoid congestion in the distribution network, the concept of Current Congestion Indicator Factor (CCIF) is introduced to describe the relationship between the load level of the distribution network and the capacity carrying capacity of its transformer. The calculation method of CCIF is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

[0109] It can be seen that CCIF∈[0,1], when CCIF reaches different thresholds, different prices are used to punish it. Therefore, CCIF is divided into L segments, each with its corresponding penalty price.

[0110] Step 2) Establish a model for orderly charging of electric vehicles to alleviate distribution network congestion.

[0111] The time scale of the model for orderly charging of electric vehicles to alleviate distribution network congestion is 1 hour, with the goal of minimizing the single-day cost of the power system, including the coal consumption cost of thermal power units, the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units, the gas cost of gas power units, the start-up and shutdown costs of gas power units, and the penalty cost of power over-limit of distribution network transformers:

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t.

[0115] Step 3) Establish electric vehicle related constraints:

[0116] 1) Electric vehicle power constraints:

[0117] Making a reasonable assumption about the charging and discharging power range of electric vehicles, that is, the maximum charging power is equal to the maximum discharging power, the power range constraint of electric vehicles becomes:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile;

[0121] 2) Constraining the battery power of electric vehicles: For electric vehicles with any number of controllable time periods in a day, the change constraint of the battery power value in each time period is:

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively;

[0126] 3) Constraining user energy requirements: Each electric vehicle needs to meet the energy requirements set by the electric vehicle user when leaving the charging station, so:

[0127]

[0128] Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

[0129] It should be noted that after the constraints are established, the above model is applied to MATLAB software, written in YALMIP language, and solved by CPLEX to obtain the benefits of orderly charging of electric vehicles in alleviating the congestion of the distribution network, and at the same time determine the target plan for orderly charging of electric vehicles.

[0130] In order to verify the effectiveness of orderly charging of electric vehicles in reducing the load rate of distribution network transformers and alleviating network congestion, two examples are designed to compare and analyze the congestion of distribution network transformers:

[0131] Case 1: Disorderly charging of electric vehicles.

[0132] Case 2: Electric vehicles are charged in an orderly manner.

[0133] The above model was written in MATLAB software using the YALMIP language and solved using CPLEX. Table 2 shows the various costs in Case 1 and Case 2.

[0134] Table 2 Costs of Case 1 and Case 2

[0135]

[0136] Table 2 shows that the total system cost of orderly EV charging is 183,781 yuan lower than that of disorderly charging, of which the transformer over-limit penalty cost is reduced by 9,554 yuan. The power consumption curves of an EV with a controllable period (i.e., connected to a charging station) from 8:00 PM to 7:00 AM the following day were analyzed in Case 1 and Case 2.

[0137] Specifically, Figure 2 Indicates the electric vehicle power change curve in Case 1 and Case 2. Figure 3 The bar graphs of the battery charging power of electric vehicles and the Dongguan system load curve in Case 1 and Case 2 are shown. Figure 4 Indicates the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer during the period when electric vehicles are connected to the charging pile in Case 1 and Case 2. Figure 2 It can be seen that the electric vehicle in Case 1 is charged in an unordered manner, starting from the moment it is connected to the charging pile until the battery power reaches its travel demand value. The battery power of the electric vehicle in Case 2 does not change from 20:00 to 2:00 am, and its charging power is 0 during this period. It continues to charge to its battery demand power from 3:00 am to 7:00 am. Figure 3 It can be seen that the charging time of electric vehicles in Case 1 is concentrated in the first five hours after they are connected to the charging pile, until they are charged to the user-set demand value, even in the period of 20:00-00:00 when the system load in Dongguan is relatively high. In Case 2, in order to alleviate the power limit pressure of the distribution network transformer, the charging time of electric vehicles is concentrated in the period of 3:00-7:00 in the morning when the system load is relatively low. Figure 4As can be seen, in Case 1, due to the disorderly charging of electric vehicles, the distribution network transformer congestion index factor exceeded the set threshold C2 (0.8) from 22:00 to 1:00. In Case 2, the congestion index factor exceeded threshold C2 only from 0:00 to 1:00. The higher congestion index factor during this period was due to the heavy system load in Dongguan City, not the charging of electric vehicles. Furthermore, the orderly charging of electric vehicles in Case 2 also shifted part of the transformer power load from 22:00 to 23:00 to after 3:00, effectively alleviating the power over-limit pressure on the distribution network transformer. Therefore, this embodiment can effectively alleviate peak power demand and alleviate distribution network congestion.

[0138] See also Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an orderly charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0139] Cost model building unit 01, used to build a cost model for power system power limit penalty;

[0140] The target model building unit 02 is used to build a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on a cost model of power over-limit penalty of the power system;

[0141] The constraint solving unit 03 is used to solve the target model of orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity and user energy demand, and determine the target solution of orderly charging of electric vehicles according to the calculation results.

[0142] In one embodiment, the cost model building unit 01 is further configured to:

[0143] Based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty with a piecewise linear function form is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows:

[0144]

[0145] Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

[0146] In one embodiment, the target model building unit 02 is further configured to:

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t.

[0150] In one embodiment, the constraint solving unit 03 is further configured to:

[0151] Constraints on electric vehicle power:

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile;

[0155] Limiting the battery capacity of electric vehicles:

[0156]

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively;

[0160] Constraining user energy requirements:

[0161]

[0162] Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

[0163] It can be understood that the device provided in this embodiment is used to execute the method described in any of the above embodiments and achieve the same technical effect as the above method, which will not be further described here.

[0164] See also Figure 6 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, including:

[0165] one or more processors;

[0166] a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs;

[0167] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above-mentioned orderly charging method for electric vehicles.

[0168] The processor is used to control the overall operation of the terminal device to complete all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned orderly charging method for electric vehicles. The memory is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the terminal device. These data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method used to operate on the terminal device, as well as application-related data. The memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0169] In an exemplary embodiment, the terminal device can be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (AS1Cs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to execute the orderly charging method for electric vehicles as described in any of the above embodiments and achieve the same technical effects as the above methods.

[0170] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program is further provided. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the orderly charging method for electric vehicles as described in any of the above embodiments. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned memory including the computer program. The computer program may be executed by a processor of a terminal device to implement the orderly charging method for electric vehicles as described in any of the above embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects as the above methods.

[0171] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for orderly charging of electric vehicles, characterized in that: include: Establish a cost model for power system power limit penalty; Based on the cost model of power system power limit penalty, a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles is established; Taking electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity and user energy demand as constraints, solve the target model of electric vehicle orderly charging, and determine the target plan of electric vehicle orderly charging based on the calculation results; The target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles is established based on the cost model of power system power over-limit penalty, including: Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power over-limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t; The cost model for establishing the power system power limit penalty includes: Based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty with a piecewise linear function form is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows: Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

2. The method for orderly charging an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constraints on electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity, and user energy demand include: Constraints on electric vehicle power: Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile; Limiting the battery capacity of electric vehicles: Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively; Constraining user energy requirements: Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

3. An orderly charging device for electric vehicles, characterized in that: include: A cost model building unit, used to build a cost model for power system power limit penalty; A target model building unit is used to establish a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on a cost model for power system power over-limit penalties; A constraint solving unit is used to solve a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the electric vehicle power, electric vehicle battery capacity, and user energy demand, and determine a target solution for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on the calculation results; The target model building unit establishes a target model for orderly charging of electric vehicles based on a cost model for power over-limit penalties of the power system, including: Where i is the number of the thermal power unit, with a total of NC thermal power units; j is the number of the gas power unit, with a total of NG gas power units; n is the number of the system node, with a total of NN nodes; m is the number of the electric vehicle group, with a total of NM types of electric vehicle groups; t is the number of the time period within a day, with NT time periods in a day being 24; is the coal consumption cost of thermal power unit i in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power unit i in period t respectively; is the gas cost of gas-fired unit j in period t, are the start-up and shutdown costs of gas-fired unit j in period t, is the power limit penalty cost of the distribution network transformer at node n during period t; The cost model building unit is further used to: Based on the congestion index factor, a cost model for power system power limit penalty with a piecewise linear function form is established. The calculation formula of the congestion index factor is as follows: Where, is the total power capacity of the distribution network transformer at node n, is the system load of node n in period t, is the power of electric vehicle group m in period t, CCIF n,l,t is the congestion index factor of the first segment, CCIF n,t is the congestion index factor of the distribution network transformer at node n in period t.

4. The orderly charging device for electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The constraint solving unit is further configured to: Constraints on electric vehicle power: Where, is the electric vehicle power, P m,max is the maximum power of the electric vehicle, U m,t =1 means the electric vehicle is connected to the charging pile, U m,t =0 means the electric vehicle is not connected to a charging pile; The time when the electric vehicle connects to and leaves the charging pile; Limiting the battery capacity of electric vehicles: Where, E m,t is the battery power value of electric vehicle j at time t; The initial power value of the electric vehicle when it is connected to the charging pile; are the upper and lower limits of the battery power of electric vehicle j, respectively; Constraining user energy requirements: Where, The power demand value set for electric vehicle users.

5. A terminal device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a memory, coupled to the processor, for storing one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the orderly charging method for an electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-2.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the orderly charging method for an electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 2 is implemented.

Images