Automatic hydrogen filling system device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device and method, the automatic hydrogen filling system device includes a control unit, an alarm unit, an online detection unit, a venting pipeline, at least two groups of hydrogen gas source units, at least one group of replacement gas source units, and at least one hydrogen supply pipeline; the hydrogen supply pipeline is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen gas source unit to the hydrogen user, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is sequentially provided with a first hydrogen supply valve, a second hydrogen supply valve and a hydrogen supply cut-off valve along the gas flow direction; the alarm unit is used to collect the signal of the online detection unit and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit is used for feedback control of state conversion and online monitoring in the hydrogen supply pipeline. The present invention improves the operating efficiency, reliability, safety and stability through programmed control, can be applied to different user types and hydrogen gas source types under stable working pressure, and can perform real-time monitoring, alarm and disposal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogenation, and relates to an automatic hydrogen filling system device and method. Background Art

[0002] As a new generation of green energy, hydrogen energy is an important breakthrough in realizing green industries. With the expansion of hydrogen energy application scope, hydrogen filling has become an important part of its application. Currently, the existing hydrogen filling devices have problems such as low safety factor, low degree of automation, slow fault handling speed and the probability of manual error operation.

[0003] CN107575735A discloses an automatic control system for a hydrogenation device with a hydrogen recovery function, including a controller, to which is connected a filling pipeline pressure detection device, a filling pipeline flow detection device, a low-pressure emergency shut-off valve, a medium-pressure emergency shut-off valve, a high-pressure emergency shut-off valve, a residual hydrogen release valve, a recovery valve, an operation input device and a display device.

[0004] CN209431072U discloses a hydrogen filling device, comprising: an air driving mechanism for conveying compressed air; a hydrogen conveying mechanism for conveying hydrogen; a boosting mechanism, two inlet ends of which are respectively connected to the hydrogen conveying mechanism and the air driving mechanism, and the boosting mechanism is used for pressurizing hydrogen under the action of the air driving mechanism; a pressure control switch, which is respectively connected to the boosting mechanism and the air driving mechanism, and the pressure control switch controls the opening and closing of the air driving mechanism according to the pressure at the outlet end of the boosting mechanism; and a filling mechanism, which is connected to the outlet end of the boosting mechanism and is used for filling hydrogen.

[0005] How to improve the system filling efficiency, operational safety and stability, reliability and versatility while ensuring the safety of hydrogen filling is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of various existing hydrogen filling technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic hydrogen filling system device and method to improve the operating efficiency, safety, stability and reliability of the hydrogen filling system, and to be applicable to different user types and hydrogen source types while ensuring a stable working pressure of the device.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device, the automatic hydrogen filling system device comprising a control unit, an alarm unit, an online detection unit, a venting pipeline, at least two groups of hydrogen gas source units, at least one group of replacement gas source units, and at least one hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0009] The hydrogen supply pipeline is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen source unit to the hydrogen user. The online detection unit, the venting pipeline, and at least one group of replacement gas source units are respectively connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline. The first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline along the gas flow direction;

[0010] The alarm unit is used to collect the signal of the online detection unit and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit is used to feedback control the state conversion and online monitoring in the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0011] The present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device, which improves the operating efficiency and safety and stability of the hydrogen filling system, is suitable for different user types and hydrogen source types, and has the advantages of high automation, high reliability, simple operation and convenient maintenance.

[0012] It should be noted that the control unit in the present invention is controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC). The PLC has built-in control logics such as hydrogen filling, gas replacement, hydrogen leakage and airtightness testing, and the built-in logic can be increased, decreased and modified. The program interacts in real time with parameters such as hydrogen quality, pressure, flow rate and flow rate, and realizes the display of the hydrogen supply process flow chart and real-time parameter change trends on the touch screen of the control room.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first pressure regulating valve is provided between the hydrogen source unit and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrogen source unit includes at least two hydrogen storage devices.

[0015] Preferably, a second pressure regulating valve is respectively provided between the at least one group of replacement gas source units and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0016] Preferably, the control unit is electrically connected to the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve, respectively.

[0017] It should be noted that the opening of the first pressure regulating valve in the present invention is automatically adjusted in the "filling state" to keep the hydrogen pressure in the pipeline at the working pressure. The replacement gas source unit in the present invention is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the second pressure regulating valve to provide safe replacement gas for the hydrogen supply pipeline in the "maintenance state" and "standby state". The replacement gas in the present invention uses carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the vent pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through a first pipeline, a second pipeline and a third pipeline respectively, a gas replacement valve is provided on the first pipeline, an overpressure discharge valve is provided on the second pipeline, and a safety valve is provided on the third pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the first pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the gas inlet end of the second hydrogen supply valve.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the second pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the gas inlet end of the first hydrogen supply valve.

[0021] Preferably, one end of the third pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the pipe section of the hydrogen supply pipeline located between the hydrogen gas source unit and the replacement gas source unit.

[0022] Preferably, a flame arrester is provided at the outlet of the vent pipeline, and a rainproof cap is provided on the top of the vent pipeline.

[0023] Preferably, the gas replacement valve and the overpressure discharge valve are electrically connected to the control unit respectively.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the online detection unit includes a gas flow detection module, a gas pressure detection module, a gas quality detection module and a gas leakage detection module.

[0025] Preferably, the gas flow detection module comprises a flow measurement device, and the flow measurement device is arranged between the first hydrogen supply valve and the second hydrogen supply valve.

[0026] Preferably, an inlet regulating valve is provided at the air inlet end of the flow measuring device, and an outlet regulating valve is provided at the air outlet end of the flow measuring device.

[0027] In the present invention, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve are respectively arranged before and after the flow measuring device. During the hydrogen filling control process, the valve openings of the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve are automatically adjusted according to the hydrogen flow rate or mass flow rate / volume flow rate in the hydrogen supply pipeline, thereby improving the safety and stability of the automatic hydrogen filling system device during the hydrogen supply process.

[0028] Preferably, the flow measurement device comprises a gas turbine flow meter or a gas mass flow meter.

[0029] It should be noted that the gas turbine flowmeter is used to measure the gas volume to monitor the daily hydrogen supply of equipment such as large hydrogen-cooled generators, while the gas mass flowmeter is used to measure the gas quality of users such as those refueling hydrogen fuel cells.

[0030] Preferably, the gas pressure detection module comprises a first pressure transmitter, and the first pressure transmitter is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first hydrogen supply valve and the hydrogen gas source unit.

[0031] Preferably, the first pressure transmitter is electrically connected to the overpressure discharge valve.

[0032] Preferably, the online detection unit further comprises a second pressure transmitter, and the second pressure transmitter is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the second hydrogen supply valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve.

[0033] Preferably, a first stop valve is provided between the first pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second stop valve is provided between the second pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0034] It should be noted that the first stop valve and the second stop valve of the present invention are respectively provided with a venting plug, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the PLC display through the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, wherein the first pressure transmitter is used to monitor the internal pressure of the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the second pressure transmitter is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure on the user side.

[0035] Preferably, the gas quality detection module is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline via a quality detection pipeline, and a quality detection inlet valve is provided on the quality detection pipeline.

[0036] Preferably, the quality detection inlet valve is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0037] Preferably, the air inlet end of the quality inspection pipeline is connected to the air outlet end of the flow measurement device.

[0038] Preferably, the gas quality detection module comprises a combination of a gas dew point meter and a gas purity meter or a gas chromatograph.

[0039] It should be noted that the quality detection inlet valve in the present invention is used to connect the hydrogen supply pipeline with a gas purity meter, a gas chromatograph or a gas dew point meter. During the hydrogen filling control process and the gas replacement control process, the hydrogen / carbon dioxide / nitrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is sampled and analyzed online to obtain the gas purity / impurity content and dew point, and assist the PLC in early warning and disposal of dangers. Exemplarily, the gas quality detection module can use a gas purity meter and a gas dew point meter, or a gas chromatograph and a gas dew point meter.

[0040] Preferably, the gas leakage detection module comprises a hydrogen leakage detector.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the alarm unit includes a gas flow alarm module, a gas quality alarm module, a gas pressure alarm module, an air tightness alarm module and a gas leakage alarm module.

[0042] Preferably, the gas flow alarm module is electrically connected to the flow measurement device, the gas quality alarm module is electrically connected to the gas quality detection module, the gas leakage alarm module is electrically connected to the gas leakage detection module, the gas pressure alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter, and the air tightness alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively.

[0043] The gas flow alarm module transmits the obtained first signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve.

[0044] The gas quality alarm module transmits the obtained second signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the gas replacement valve and the overpressure discharge valve.

[0045] The first pressure transmitter transmits the obtained third signal to the control unit and triggers the gas pressure alarm module, and the control unit feedback controls the overpressure discharge valve.

[0046] The gas leakage alarm module transmits the obtained fourth signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve.

[0047] The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter trigger the air tightness alarm module according to the obtained fifth signal.

[0048] It should be noted that the first signal in the present invention is the mass flow rate or flow rate data of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline measured by the flow measurement device. A first preset value is set in the control unit. When the flow measurement device detects data that exceeds the range of the first preset value, the gas flow alarm module is triggered. The second signal is the hydrogen purity or impurity concentration data in the hydrogen supply pipeline. The second preset value and the third preset value are set in the control unit. When the gas quality detection module detects that the hydrogen purity is lower than the second preset value, or the impurity concentration is higher than the third preset value, the gas quality alarm module is triggered. The third signal is the pressure data in the hydrogen supply pipeline detected by the first pressure transmitter. A fourth preset value can be set in the control unit. When the detection data exceeds the range of the fourth preset value, the gas pressure alarm module is triggered. The fourth signal is the hydrogen concentration data in the environment, and the alarm in the gas leakage alarm module is used to realize online monitoring. The fifth signal is that the pressure data detected by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are reduced at the same time, that is, the air tightness alarm module is triggered.

[0049] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling method, the automatic hydrogen filling method is performed using the automatic hydrogen filling system device described in the first aspect, and the automatic hydrogen filling method comprises:

[0050] The hydrogen supply pipeline is used to connect the hydrogen source unit and the hydrogen user, and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be in the "maintenance state", "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", and performs online monitoring of hydrogen during the "filling state";

[0051] In the "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with gas source by the hydrogen gas source unit, and in the "maintenance state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with replacement gas or air by the replacement gas source unit.

[0052] It should be noted that when the hydrogen supply pipeline in the present invention is in the above-mentioned various operating states, it only includes valves that must be in an open or closed state. The automatic hydrogen filling system device also includes other valves, and their opening or closing will not affect the corresponding operating state.

[0053] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the "maintenance state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the overpressure discharge valve and the gas replacement valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in a "first maintenance state", and then the automatic hydrogen filling system device is manually maintained. After the maintenance is completed, air is filled into the hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in a "second maintenance state".

[0054] It should be noted that the "first maintenance state" in the present invention is the process of converting the hydrogen supply pipeline from the "filling state" or "standby state" to the "maintenance state" according to the "gas quality alarm module", "gas pressure alarm module" and "gas leakage alarm module". The "second maintenance state" is the state in which the gas inside the hydrogen supply pipeline is air after the pipeline, valve or related equipment of the hydrogen supply pipeline is replaced or maintained.

[0055] Preferably, the "standby state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the closure of the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the gas replacement valve, the overpressure discharge valve and the second pressure regulating valve, and simultaneously controls the opening of the first pressure regulating valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the quality detection inlet valve.

[0056] Preferably, the "air tightness test state" includes: in the "standby state", the control unit automatically controls the closing of the quality detection inlet valve.

[0057] Preferably, the "filling state" includes: in the "standby state", the control unit automatically controls the opening of the inlet regulating valve, the outlet regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve.

[0058] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the automatic hydrogen filling method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0059] S201: Open the first pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the quality inspection inlet valve, and confirm that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "standby state";

[0060] After the S202 hydrogen user meets the hydrogen filling conditions, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve are opened to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen user, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "filling state";

[0061] S203: During the hydrogen filling process, the hydrogen flow rate or mass flow rate / volume flow rate is monitored in real time by using the first signal of the flow measurement device to determine whether it is within the range of the first preset value. If it is within the range of the first preset value, step S205 is executed; otherwise, step S204 is executed.

[0062] S204 triggers the gas flow alarm module, and the alarm status is displayed as "flow rate / flow rate abnormality". The control unit feedback adjusts the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve, and then executes step S203 again to determine the hydrogen flow rate / flow rate;

[0063] S205 During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the purity of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than the second preset value, or whether the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module. When the purity of hydrogen is higher than the second preset value, or the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, executing step S208, otherwise executing steps S206-S207;

[0064] S206 triggers the status of the gas quality alarm module in the alarm unit to display "gas quality is abnormal", and the control unit automatically controls to close the hydrogen supply cut-off valve and the first pressure regulating valve, and opens the overpressure discharge valve, and discharges hydrogen from the flame arrester of the venting pipeline;

[0065] S207: Replace the hydrogen source, then the control unit controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to switch to the "standby state", and re-execute step S202;

[0066] S208: During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the hydrogen working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than a fourth preset value according to the third signal obtained by the first pressure transmitter, and if it is not higher than the fourth preset value, executing step S210; otherwise, executing step S209;

[0067] S209 triggers the gas pressure alarm module, the alarm status is displayed as "abnormal gas pressure", the overpressure discharge valve is opened, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is closed after it returns to normal, and then step S208 is executed again to determine the working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0068] After S210 reaches the hydrogen filling pressure allowed by the user, the hydrogen supply shut-off valve is closed, and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to return to the "standby state".

[0069] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S201, the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be converted from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state", including the following steps:

[0070] S301 opens the first stop valve and the second stop valve, and closes the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the quality inspection inlet valve, the gas replacement valve, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the overpressure discharge valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve;

[0071] S302 The control unit opens the gas replacement valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve so that the hydrogen supply pipeline and the venting pipeline remain connected;

[0072] S303 opens the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve, and manually opens the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter deflation plug according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, deflates, and then closes;

[0073] S304 confirms that the manual operation is completed, closes the gas replacement valve and the second pressure regulating valve, and replaces the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline with replacement gas;

[0074] S305 connects the hydrogen supply pipeline with the hydrogen gas source unit, and adjusts the pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen gas source unit to the working pressure;

[0075] S306: Open the first pressure regulating valve and the gas replacement valve to discharge the replacement gas from the venting pipeline;

[0076] After the data in the S307 gas quality detection module shows that the hydrogen purity meets the standard, the gas replacement valve is closed, the hydrogen replacement is completed, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is switched to "standby status".

[0077] Preferably, the replacement gas is carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

[0078] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the automatic hydrogen filling method further comprises: monitoring the hydrogen supply pipeline for gas leakage;

[0079] Preferably, the gas leakage monitoring specifically comprises the following steps:

[0080] The S401 gas leakage alarm module sends out the fourth signal, and the alarm status is displayed as "hydrogen leakage";

[0081] S402 closes the first pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve to cut off the hydrogen inlet and outlet;

[0082] S403 staff checked the leaking point of hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0083] S404 converts the hydrogen supply pipeline to the "first maintenance state", replaces the pipe section at the leaking point, and the state of the hydrogen supply pipeline after replacing the pipe section is the "second maintenance state", and then converts the hydrogen supply pipeline from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state".

[0084] Preferably, the automatic hydrogen filling method further comprises: converting the hydrogen supply pipeline to an "air tightness test state" and performing an air tightness detection test on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0085] Preferably, the gas leakage monitoring specifically comprises the following steps:

[0086] S501 puts the hydrogen supply pipeline in the "air tightness test state" and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is maintained at the working pressure;

[0087] S502 lasts for 24 hours, recording the pressure data of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter;

[0088] S503 If the pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline remains normal within 24 hours, the test result "the air tightness test of the hydrogen supply pipeline is normal" is output; otherwise, the status of the air tightness alarm module is displayed as "the air tightness test fails", the hydrogen supply pipeline switches to the "first maintenance status", and outputs the abnormal pressure data and its corresponding time.

[0089] It should be noted that the maximum hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline in step S501 does not exceed 1.05 to 1.10 times the working pressure. The allowable error of the readings of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter should be specified according to the grade of the pressure gauge.

[0090] Preferably, the automatic hydrogen filling method further comprises: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to convert the "filling state", "standby state" or "air tightness test state" into the "first maintenance state", which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0091] S601 The control unit opens the gas replacement valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve so that the hydrogen supply pipeline and the venting pipeline are connected;

[0092] S602 opens the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve, and manually opens the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter venting plug according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, vents and then closes;

[0093] After confirming that the manual operation is completed, S603 closes the gas replacement valve and the second pressure regulating valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas.

[0094] The system refers to an equipment system, a device system or a production device.

[0095] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0096] The present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device and method, which improves the operating efficiency, reliability, safety and stability of the hydrogen filling system, can be applicable to different user types and hydrogen source types while ensuring the stable working pressure of the device, and can monitor, alarm and deal with abnormal gas quality, abnormal gas flow rate / flow, abnormal gas pressure and hydrogen leakage in real time, and can switch to "maintenance state", "standby state", "filling state" and "air tightness test state" with one button, and has the advantages of high degree of automation, high reliability, simple operation and convenient maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0097] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic hydrogen filling system provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 2 A hydrogen filling control process of an automatic hydrogen filling system device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0099] Figure 3 A gas replacement control flow chart of an automatic hydrogen filling system device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 4 A hydrogen leakage monitoring flow chart of an automatic hydrogen filling system device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 5 A flow chart of an air tightness test of an automatic hydrogen filling system device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 6 A flowchart of the automatic hydrogen filling system device converted to the "first maintenance state" according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] Among them, 101-the second pressure regulating valve of the first stage; 102-flame arrester; 103-gas replacement valve; 104-quality inspection inlet valve; 105-the second hydrogen supply valve; 106-the second stop valve; 107-the hydrogen supply shut-off valve; 108-hydrogen user; 109-the outlet regulating valve; 110-the flow measuring device; 111-the hydrogen leakage detector; 112-the inlet regulating valve; 113-the first hydrogen supply valve; 114-the first stop valve; 115-the overpressure discharge valve; 116-the first pressure regulating valve of the first stage; 117-the first pressure regulating valve of the second stage; 118-the first pressure regulating valve of the third stage; 119-the first pressure regulating valve of the fourth stage; 120-the spring-loaded safety valve; 121-the second pressure regulating valve of the second stage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] It should be understood that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0105] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0106] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention necessarily includes necessary pipelines, conventional valves and general pump equipment for realizing a complete process, but the above content does not belong to the main inventive point of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can add layouts on their own based on the process flow and equipment structure selection, and the present invention does not make special requirements and specific limitations on this.

[0107] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0108] In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device, including a control unit, an alarm unit, an online detection unit, a venting pipeline, at least two groups of hydrogen gas source units, at least one group of replacement gas source units, and at least one hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0109] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen supply pipeline is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen source unit to the hydrogen user 108, and the online detection unit, the venting pipeline, and at least one group of replacement gas source units are respectively connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline. The first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105 and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction of the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0110] The alarm unit is used to collect the signal of the online detection unit and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit is used to feedback control the state conversion and online monitoring in the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0111] The control unit in the present invention is controlled by a programmable controller PLC. The PLC has built-in control logics such as hydrogen filling, gas replacement, hydrogen leakage and airtightness test, and can increase, decrease and modify the built-in logic. The program interacts with parameters such as hydrogen quality, pressure, flow rate and flow in real time, and displays the hydrogen supply process flow chart and real-time parameter change trends on the touch screen of the control room.

[0112] The hydrogen user 108 in the present invention can be a hydrogen fuel cell, a small vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device or a large hydrogen-cooled generator, etc. When the hydrogen user 108 is a hydrogen fuel cell, the required filling pressure is 30~40MPa, and when the hydrogen user 108 is a small vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage device, the required filling pressure is 60~80MPa.

[0113] In some embodiments, a first pressure regulating valve is provided between the hydrogen source unit and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0114] The first pressure regulating valve in the present invention is used to connect the hydrogen supply pipeline with the hydrogen gas source unit. A hydrogen pressure reducer, a copper flexible joint, and a stainless steel breakaway valve are sequentially connected between the hydrogen gas source unit and the first pressure regulating valve, and a stainless steel hose is used for connection. A hydrogen pressure reducer is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen gas source. During the process of hydrogen replacing carbon dioxide / nitrogen, the outlet pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducer is 0.6MPa. During the process of hydrogen filling control, the outlet pressure of the hydrogen pressure reducer is set to the standard working pressure according to the 108 pressure of the hydrogen user.

[0115] The hydrogen source unit includes at least two hydrogen storage devices. The replacement gas source unit includes at least two gas storage devices, and the gas storage devices are used to store replacement gas. In the present invention, the hydrogen storage device and the gas storage device are respectively canned, bottled, on-site or vehicle-mounted, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0116] A second pressure regulating valve is respectively arranged between the at least one group of replacement gas source units and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0117] The control unit is electrically connected to the first hydrogen supply valve 113 , the second hydrogen supply valve 105 , the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 , the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve respectively.

[0118] In the present invention, the first pressure regulating valve or the second pressure regulating valve is automatically opened in the "filling state" to keep the hydrogen pressure in the pipeline at the working pressure. The replacement gas source unit in the present invention is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the second pressure regulating valve to provide safe replacement gas for the hydrogen supply pipeline in the "maintenance state" and "standby state". The replacement gas in the present invention uses carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

[0119] In some embodiments, the present invention provides at least one set of replacement gas source units, which are connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the second pressure regulating valve, so as to realize one use and one standby. The replacement gas in the present invention uses carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and a gas storage device of carbon dioxide or nitrogen is provided in the replacement gas source unit. A replacement gas pressure reducer, a copper flexible joint, and a stainless steel breakaway valve are connected in sequence between the gas storage device and the second pressure regulating valve, and a stainless steel hose is used for connection. During the process of carbon dioxide / nitrogen replacing hydrogen / air, the pressure reducer outlet pressure is 0.2MPa.

[0120] In the present invention, the housings of the hydrogen pressure reducer and the replacement gas pressure reducer are both provided with a safety valve 120 and a stop valve. The tripping pressure of the safety valve 120 is adjusted according to the working pressure of the hydrogen-using device. The stop valve is used to ensure the rapid and safe switching of the hydrogen gas source to prevent air from entering the high-pressure stainless steel hose.

[0121] In some embodiments, the venting pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline respectively. A gas replacement valve 103 is provided on the first pipeline, and the end of the first pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the second hydrogen supply valve 105. An overpressure discharge valve 115 is provided on the second pipeline, and the end of the second pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the first hydrogen supply valve 113. A safety valve 120 is provided on the third pipeline, and the end of the third pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the pipe section of the hydrogen supply pipeline located between the hydrogen gas source unit and the replacement gas source unit.

[0122] A flame arrester 102 is provided at the outlet of the venting pipeline, and a rainproof cap is provided on the top of the venting pipeline.

[0123] The gas replacement valve 103 and the overpressure discharge valve 115 are electrically connected to the control unit respectively.

[0124] The outlet of the venting pipeline in the present invention should be 2m higher than the roof of the hydrogen supply station or the hydrogen filling device and more than 5m above the ground. The venting pipeline is also provided with a rain cap, which works together with the flame arrester 102 to ensure that the discharged hydrogen cannot cause combustion and explosion when the spring-loaded safety valve 120 is actuated or the overpressure discharge valve 115 is opened. The quality inspection inlet valve 104 is used for gas replacement operation of the hydrogen supply pipeline. The hydrogen, air, carbon dioxide / nitrogen in the gas replacement process are all discharged through the quality inspection inlet valve 104. The spring-loaded safety valve 120 start-up pressure is set to 0.05~0.10MPa above the working pressure of the device. The overpressure discharge valve 115 start-up pressure is set to 0.00~0.10MPa above the spring-loaded safety valve 120 start-up pressure, and is also subject to PLC feedback control. If the third signal obtained by the first pressure transmitter is higher than the overpressure discharge valve 115 start-up pressure by more than 0.10MPa, the gas replacement valve 103 is opened in a chain to discharge the hydrogen in the pipeline.

[0125] In some embodiments, the online detection unit includes a gas flow detection module, a gas quality detection module and a gas leakage detection module.

[0126] The gas flow detection module includes a flow measurement device 110, and the flow measurement device 110 is arranged between the first hydrogen supply valve 113 and the second hydrogen supply valve 105. The inlet end of the flow measurement device 110 is provided with an inlet regulating valve 112, and the outlet end of the flow measurement device 110 is provided with an outlet regulating valve 109. In the present invention, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109 are respectively arranged before and after the flow measurement device 110. During the hydrogen filling control process, the valve opening of the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109 is automatically adjusted according to the hydrogen flow rate or mass flow in the hydrogen supply pipeline, thereby improving the safety and stability of the automatic hydrogen filling system device during the hydrogen supply process. The flow measurement device 110 includes a gas turbine flowmeter or a gas mass flowmeter. The former is used to measure the gas volume to monitor the daily hydrogen supply of equipment such as large hydrogen-cooled generators, and the gas mass flowmeter is used to measure the gas quality of users such as hydrogen fuel cells.

[0127] In the present invention, by adding a hydrogen compressor and connecting a hydrogen compressor control module to the PLC, when filling a hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen compressor power, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109 should be jointly controlled to ensure a uniform filling mass flow. When the hydrogen user 108 is a large generator hydrogen cooling system, the required filling pressure is relatively low, and the automatic hydrogen filling system device of the present invention can be directly connected, and the hydrogen pressure reducing valve outlet working pressure can be adjusted according to the installed capacity of the generator set.

[0128] In some embodiments, the gas pressure detection module includes a first pressure transmitter, which is disposed on a connecting pipeline between the first hydrogen supply valve 113 and the hydrogen gas source unit, and is electrically connected to an overpressure discharge valve.

[0129] The online detection unit also includes a second pressure transmitter, which is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the second hydrogen supply valve 105 and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, a first cut-off valve is arranged between the first pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second cut-off valve is arranged between the second pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0130] A first stop valve 114 is provided between the first pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second stop valve 106 is provided between the second pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline. The first stop valve 114 and the second stop valve 106 of the present invention are respectively provided with a venting plug, and the pressure signal is transmitted to the PLC display through the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, wherein the first pressure transmitter is used to monitor the internal pressure of the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the second pressure transmitter is used to monitor the hydrogen pressure on the user side.

[0131] In some embodiments, the gas quality detection module is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through a quality detection pipeline, and a quality detection inlet valve 104 is provided on the quality detection pipeline. The quality detection inlet valve 104 is electrically connected to the control unit. The air inlet end of the quality detection pipeline is connected to the air outlet end of the flow measurement device 110.

[0132] The gas quality detection module includes a gas purity meter and a gas dew point meter, or includes a gas chromatograph and a gas dew point meter. The quality detection inlet valve 104 in the present invention is used to connect the hydrogen supply pipeline with the gas purity meter, the gas chromatograph or the gas dew point meter. During the hydrogen filling control process and the gas replacement control process, the hydrogen / carbon dioxide / nitrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is sampled and analyzed online to obtain the gas purity / impurity content and dew point, and assist the PLC in early warning and disposal of dangers.

[0133] The gas purity meter used in the present invention is of thermal conductivity type. The gas purity meter and the gas chromatograph are provided with measuring units. When the gas purity meter detects that the hydrogen purity in the hydrogen supply pipeline is abnormal, or the gas chromatograph detects that the impurities in the hydrogen exceed the preset value, the PLC will perform interlocking processing according to the hydrogen filling control process or the gas replacement control process.

[0134] The gas leakage detection module includes a hydrogen leakage detector 111 .

[0135] In some embodiments, the alarm unit includes a gas flow alarm module, a gas quality alarm module, a gas pressure alarm module, an air tightness alarm module and a gas leakage alarm module.

[0136] The gas flow alarm module is electrically connected to the flow measurement device 110, and the gas flow alarm module transmits the obtained first signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109. In the present invention, the first signal is the mass flow / volume flow or flow rate data of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline measured by the flow measurement device 110, and a first preset value is set in the control unit. When the detection data of the flow measurement device 110 exceeds the range of the first preset value, the gas flow alarm module is triggered.

[0137] The gas quality alarm module is electrically connected to the gas quality detection module. The gas quality alarm module transmits the obtained second signal to the control unit. The control unit feedback controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the gas replacement valve 103 and the overpressure discharge valve 115. The second signal is the hydrogen purity in the hydrogen supply pipeline or the impurity concentration data in the hydrogen. The second preset value and the third preset value are set in the control unit. When the gas quality detection module detects that the hydrogen purity is lower than the second preset value, or the impurity concentration is higher than the third preset value, the gas quality alarm module is triggered.

[0138] The gas pressure alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter, and the first pressure transmitter transmits the obtained third signal to the control unit and triggers the gas pressure alarm module, and the control unit feedback controls the overpressure discharge valve 115. The third signal is the pressure data in the hydrogen supply pipeline detected by the first pressure transmitter, and a fourth preset value is set in the control unit. When the detection data exceeds the range of the fourth preset value, the gas pressure alarm module is triggered.

[0139] The gas leakage alarm module is electrically connected to the gas leakage detection module, and the gas leakage alarm module transmits the obtained fourth signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107. The fourth signal is the hydrogen concentration data in the environment, and the alarm in the gas leakage alarm module is used to realize online monitoring.

[0140] The airtightness alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively, and triggers the airtightness alarm module according to the fifth signal obtained (the pressure data detected by the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter decrease at the same time).

[0141] In the automatic hydrogen filling system device of the present invention, the first stop valve 114 and the second stop valve 106 are manual valves and can be manually adjusted; the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the inlet regulating valve 112, the flow measuring device 110, the outlet regulating valve 109, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve are respectively electric valves, and the opening of the electric valves can be adjusted arbitrarily; the gas replacement valve 103, the quality inspection inlet valve 104, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, and the overpressure discharge valve 115 are respectively electromagnetic valves, which have two modes of fully open and fully closed.

[0142] The flame arrester 102 and spring-loaded safety valve 120 in the automatic hydrogen filling system are flange-type, and all flanges are equipped with anti-static jumper straps. The pressure transmitter, pressure regulating valve and flow measurement device 110 in the automatic hydrogen filling device are explosion-proof. The electric devices and cables, conduits, cable introduction and installation devices of various explosion-proof electric and electromagnetic valves are selected and installed in accordance with the explosion-proof level required by various technologies in GB 50058-2014 "Design Specifications for Electric Power Installations in Explosive Environments" to ensure the safety and reliability of the hydrogen filling device.

[0143] In another specific embodiment, the present invention provides an automatic hydrogen filling method, the automatic hydrogen filling method is performed using the automatic hydrogen filling system device described in a specific embodiment, and the automatic hydrogen filling method includes:

[0144] The hydrogen source unit is connected to the hydrogen user 108 by a hydrogen supply pipeline, and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be in "maintenance state", "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", and performs online monitoring of the hydrogen quality during the "filling state".

[0145] In the "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with gas source by the hydrogen gas source unit, and in the "maintenance state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with replacement gas or air by the replacement gas source unit.

[0146] In some embodiments, the "maintenance state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the overpressure discharge valve and the gas replacement valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in a "first maintenance state", and then the automatic hydrogen filling system device is manually maintained. After the maintenance is completed, air is filled into the hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in a "second maintenance state".

[0147] The "first maintenance state" in the present invention is the process of converting the hydrogen supply pipeline from the "filling state" or "standby state" to the "maintenance state" according to the "gas quality alarm module", "gas pressure alarm module" and "gas leakage alarm module". The "second maintenance state" is the state in which the gas inside the hydrogen supply pipeline is air after the pipeline, valve or related equipment of the hydrogen supply pipeline is replaced or maintained.

[0148] In some embodiments, the "standby state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the gas replacement valve 103, the overpressure discharge valve 115 and the second pressure regulating valve to close, and simultaneously controls the opening of the first pressure regulating valve, the first stop valve 114, the second stop valve 106 and the quality detection inlet valve 104.

[0149] The “air tightness test state” includes: in the “standby state”, the control unit automatically controls the closing of the quality detection inlet valve 104.

[0150] The “filling state” includes: in the “standby state”, the control unit automatically controls the opening of the inlet regulating valve 112 , the outlet regulating valve 109 and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 .

[0151] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the automatic hydrogen filling method specifically includes the following steps:

[0152] S201 opens the first pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the first stop valve 114, the second stop valve 106 and the quality inspection inlet valve 104, and confirms that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "standby state";

[0153] S202 After the hydrogen user 108 meets the hydrogen filling conditions, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109 are opened to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen user 108, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is in a "filling state";

[0154] S203: During the hydrogen filling process, the hydrogen flow rate or mass flow rate / volume flow rate is monitored in real time by using the first signal of the flow measurement device to determine whether it is within the range of the first preset value. If it is within the range of the first preset value, step S205 is executed; otherwise, step S204 is executed.

[0155] S204 triggers the gas flow alarm module, and the alarm status is displayed as "flow rate / flow rate abnormality". The control unit feedback adjusts the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109, and then executes step S203 again to determine the hydrogen flow rate / flow rate;

[0156] S205 During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the purity of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than the second preset value, or whether the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module. When the purity of hydrogen is higher than the second preset value, or the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, executing step S208, otherwise executing steps S206-S207;

[0157] S206 triggers the status of the gas quality alarm module in the alarm unit to display "gas quality is abnormal", and the control unit automatically controls to close the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 and the first pressure regulating valve, and opens the overpressure discharge valve 115, and the hydrogen is discharged from the flame arrester 102 of the venting pipeline;

[0158] S207: Replace the hydrogen source, then the control unit controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to switch to the "standby state", and re-execute step S202;

[0159] S208: During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the hydrogen working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than a fourth preset value according to the third signal obtained by the first pressure transmitter, and if it is not higher than the fourth preset value, executing step S210; otherwise, executing step S209;

[0160] S209 triggers the gas pressure alarm module, the alarm status is displayed as "abnormal gas pressure", the overpressure discharge valve 115 is opened, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is closed after it returns to normal, and then step S208 is executed again to determine the working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0161] S210 After the filling pressure allowed by the hydrogen user 108 is reached, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 is closed, and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to return to the "standby state".

[0162] In some embodiments, Figure 3As shown, in step S201, the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be converted from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state", including the following steps:

[0163] S301 opens the first stop valve 114 and the second stop valve 106, and closes the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the quality detection inlet valve 104, the gas replacement valve 103, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the overpressure discharge valve 115, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109;

[0164] S302 The control unit opens the gas replacement valve 103, the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline and the venting pipeline remain connected;

[0165] S303: Open the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve 104, and according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, manually open the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter to release gas for 1 minute and then close them;

[0166] S304 confirms that the manual operation is completed, closes the gas replacement valve 103 and the second pressure regulating valve, and replaces the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline with replacement gas;

[0167] S305 connects the hydrogen supply pipeline with the hydrogen gas source unit, and adjusts the pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen gas source unit to the working pressure;

[0168] S306 opens the first pressure regulating valve and the gas replacement valve 103 to discharge the replacement gas from the venting pipeline;

[0169] After the data in the S307 gas quality detection module shows that the hydrogen purity meets the standard, the gas replacement valve 103 is closed, the hydrogen replacement is completed, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is converted to the "standby state".

[0170] The replacement gas is carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

[0171] In step S301, since the gas replacement in the hydrogen supply pipeline is often carried out after a long period of static, maintenance or operation, it is difficult to determine the status of each valve. Therefore, all manual valves in the device are first opened, and all electric valves and solenoid valves in the device are closed to provide conditions for gas replacement control in the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0172] In some embodiments, in step S303, the second signal refers to: the purity of carbon dioxide is higher than 90%, or the oxygen content of nitrogen is lower than 0.5%.

[0173] In the present invention, gas replacement is a necessary process for the automatic hydrogen filling system to switch from "maintenance state" to "standby state". When the maintenance work is completed and ready to be put into operation, the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline needs to be replaced with nitrogen / carbon dioxide first, and then replaced with hydrogen. When the hydrogen supply pipeline has defects or is regularly overhauled, the hydrogen in the automatic hydrogen filling system needs to be replaced with nitrogen / carbon dioxide.

[0174] In some embodiments, the automatic hydrogen filling method further comprises: monitoring the hydrogen supply pipeline for gas leakage, such as Figure 4 As shown, the gas leakage monitoring specifically includes the following steps:

[0175] The S401 gas leakage alarm module sends out the fourth signal, and the alarm status is displayed as "hydrogen leakage";

[0176] S402 closes the first pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 to cut off the hydrogen inlet and outlet;

[0177] S403 staff checked the leaking point of hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0178] S404 converts the hydrogen supply pipeline to the "first maintenance state", replaces the pipe section at the leaking point, and the state of the hydrogen supply pipeline after replacing the pipe section is the "second maintenance state", and then converts the hydrogen supply pipeline from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state".

[0179] The automatic hydrogen filling system device in the present invention needs to automatically handle extreme situations such as hydrogen leakage, and avoid dangerous accidents to the greatest extent with the fastest response speed, wherein S403 and S404 are manually operated, and the remaining steps are automatically controlled.

[0180] In some embodiments, the automatic hydrogen filling method further includes: converting the hydrogen supply pipeline to an "air tightness test state" and performing an air tightness detection test on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0181] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the gas leakage monitoring specifically includes the following steps:

[0182] S501 puts the hydrogen supply pipeline in the "air tightness test state" and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is maintained at the working pressure;

[0183] S502 lasts for 24 hours, recording the pressure data of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter;

[0184] S503 If the pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline remains normal within 24 hours, the test result "the air tightness test of the hydrogen supply pipeline is normal" is output; otherwise, the status of the air tightness alarm module is displayed as "the air tightness test fails", the hydrogen supply pipeline switches to the "first maintenance status", and outputs the abnormal pressure data and its corresponding time.

[0185] In step S501, the maximum hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline does not exceed 1.05 to 1.10 times the working pressure. The allowable error of the readings of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter should be calibrated according to the grade of the pressure gauge.

[0186] In the present invention, the air tightness performance of the automatic hydrogen filling system device needs to be tested regularly. Since hydrogen has the smallest molecular weight and density in nature, the air tightness test needs to be carried out when the fluid in the hydrogen supply pipeline is hydrogen. Since the gas purity meter or gas chromatograph is provided with a vent hole, it should be isolated during the air tightness test.

[0187] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the automatic hydrogen filling method further includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to convert the "filling state", "standby state" or "air tightness test state" into the "first maintenance state", which specifically includes the following steps:

[0188] S601 opens the gas replacement valve 103, the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected with the venting pipeline;

[0189] S602 The control unit opens the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve 104, and according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, manually opens the venting plugs of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter to vent for 1 minute and then closes;

[0190] After confirming that the manual operation is completed, S603 closes the gas replacement valve 103 and the second pressure regulating valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas.

[0191] Example 1

[0192] This embodiment provides an automatic hydrogen filling system device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a control unit, an alarm unit, an online detection unit, a venting pipeline, four groups of hydrogen gas source units, two groups of replacement gas source units, and a hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0193] The hydrogen supply pipeline is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen source unit to the hydrogen user 108. The online detection unit, the venting pipeline, and the replacement gas source unit are respectively connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline. The first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105 and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction of the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0194] The four groups of hydrogen gas source units respectively include two hydrogen storage devices, one for backup and the other for use. A first pressure regulating valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen supply pipeline, which are respectively denoted as the first stage first pressure regulating valve 116, the second stage first pressure regulating valve 117, the third stage first pressure regulating valve 118 and the fourth stage first pressure regulating valve 119.

[0195] The two groups of replacement gas source units respectively include two gas storage devices, one for backup and the other for use. The gas storage devices are filled with carbon dioxide. A second pressure regulating valve is arranged between the gas storage device and the hydrogen supply pipeline, which are respectively denoted as a first-stage second pressure regulating valve 101 and a second-stage second pressure regulating valve 121.

[0196] The venting pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline respectively. The first pipeline is provided with a gas replacement valve 103, and the end of the first pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the second hydrogen supply valve 105. An overpressure discharge valve 115 is provided on the second pipeline, and the end of the second pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the first hydrogen supply valve 113. A spring-type safety valve 120 is provided on the third pipeline, and the end of the third pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the pipe section of the hydrogen supply pipeline located between the hydrogen gas source unit and the replacement gas source unit. A flame arrester 102 is provided at the outlet of the venting pipeline, and a rain cap is provided on the top of the flame arrester 102.

[0197] The online detection unit includes a gas flow detection module, a gas pressure monitoring module, a gas quality detection module and a gas leakage detection module.

[0198] The gas flow detection module includes a flow measurement device 110, which is disposed between the first hydrogen supply valve 113 and the second hydrogen supply valve 105. The inlet end of the flow measurement device 110 is provided with an inlet regulating valve 112, and the outlet end of the flow measurement device 110 is provided with an outlet regulating valve 109. The flow measurement device 110 uses a gas turbine flowmeter.

[0199] The gas quality detection module is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through a quality detection pipeline, on which a quality detection inlet valve 104 is provided, and the gas inlet end of the quality detection pipeline is connected to the gas outlet end of the flow measurement device 110. The gas quality detection module includes a gas chromatograph and a gas dew point meter.

[0200] The gas leakage detection module includes a hydrogen leakage detector 111 .

[0201] The gas pressure detection module includes a first pressure transmitter, which is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first hydrogen supply valve 113 and the hydrogen gas source unit, and a first stop valve 114 is arranged between the first pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline. The online detection unit also includes a second pressure transmitter, which is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the second hydrogen supply valve 105 and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, and a second stop valve 106 is arranged between the second pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0202] In addition, the first hydrogen supply valve 113, the second hydrogen supply valve 105, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the gas replacement valve 103, the quality detection inlet valve 104 and the overpressure discharge valve 115 are electrically connected to the control unit respectively.

[0203] The alarm unit is used to collect the signal of the online detection unit and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit is used to feedback control the state conversion and online monitoring in the hydrogen supply pipeline. The alarm unit includes a gas flow alarm module, a gas quality alarm module, a gas pressure alarm module, a gas tightness alarm module and a gas leakage alarm module.

[0204] The gas flow alarm module is electrically connected to the flow measurement device 110 , and transmits the obtained first signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the inlet regulating valve 112 and the outlet regulating valve 109 .

[0205] The gas quality alarm module is electrically connected to the gas quality detection module, and transmits the obtained second signal to the control unit, which feedback controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the gas replacement valve 103 and the overpressure discharge valve 115.

[0206] The gas leakage alarm module transmits the obtained fourth signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve 107 .

[0207] The gas pressure alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter, and the first pressure transmitter transmits the obtained third signal to the control unit and triggers the gas pressure alarm module, and the control unit feedback controls the overpressure discharge valve 115 .

[0208] The airtightness alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively, and the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter transmit the airtightness alarm module according to the obtained fifth signal.

[0209] The automatic hydrogen filling system device provided by the present invention improves the operating efficiency, safety, stability and reliability of the hydrogen filling system; through real-time interaction with parameters such as hydrogen quality, pressure, flow rate and flow rate, during the filling process, the user-side hydrogen equipment pressure, the hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen supply pipeline and the hydrogen purity can be monitored online; by obtaining the gas purity and dew point, the PLC is assisted to carry out early warning and disposal of abnormal operating conditions; hydrogen leakage can be detected in time to ensure the safe operation of the automatic hydrogen filling system device, and the occurrence of abnormal operating conditions can be avoided to the greatest extent with the fastest response speed, and it has the advantages of high degree of automation, high reliability, simple operation and convenient maintenance.

[0210] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic hydrogen filling method, characterized in that: The automatic hydrogen filling method is carried out using an automatic hydrogen filling system device; The automatic hydrogen filling system device includes a control unit, an alarm unit, an online detection unit, a venting pipeline, at least two groups of hydrogen gas source units, at least one group of replacement gas source units, and at least one hydrogen supply pipeline; The hydrogen supply pipeline is used to transport the hydrogen in the hydrogen source unit to the hydrogen user. The online detection unit, the venting pipeline, and at least one group of replacement gas source units are respectively connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline. The first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline along the gas flow direction; The alarm unit is used to collect the signal of the online detection unit and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit is used to feedback control the state conversion and online monitoring in the hydrogen supply pipeline; A first pressure regulating valve is provided between the hydrogen source unit and the hydrogen supply pipeline; A second pressure regulating valve is respectively provided between the at least one group of replacement gas source units and the hydrogen supply pipeline; The vent pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline respectively, the first pipeline is provided with a gas replacement valve, the second pipeline is provided with an overpressure discharge valve, and the third pipeline is provided with a safety valve; The online detection unit includes a gas flow detection module, a gas pressure detection module, a gas quality detection module and a gas leakage detection module; The gas flow detection module comprises a flow measurement device, and the flow measurement device is arranged between the first hydrogen supply valve and the second hydrogen supply valve; The air inlet end of the flow measuring device is provided with an inlet regulating valve, and the air outlet end of the flow measuring device is provided with an outlet regulating valve; The gas pressure detection module comprises a first pressure transmitter, and the first pressure transmitter is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first hydrogen supply valve and the hydrogen gas source unit; The online detection unit further comprises a second pressure transmitter, and the second pressure transmitter is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the second hydrogen supply valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve; A first stop valve is provided between the first pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second stop valve is provided between the second pressure transmitter and the hydrogen supply pipeline; The gas quality detection module is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline through a quality detection pipeline, and a quality detection inlet valve is provided on the quality detection pipeline; The automatic hydrogen filling method comprises: The hydrogen supply pipeline is used to connect the hydrogen source unit and the hydrogen user, and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be in the "maintenance state", "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", and performs online monitoring of hydrogen during the "filling state"; In the "standby state", "filling state" or "air tightness test state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with gas source by the hydrogen gas source unit, and in the "maintenance state", the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with replacement gas or air by the replacement gas source unit; The "maintenance state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the overpressure discharge valve and the gas replacement valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "first maintenance state", and then the automatic hydrogen filling system device is manually inspected. After the inspection is completed, air is filled into the hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "second maintenance state"; The "standby state" includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the gas replacement valve, the overpressure discharge valve and the second pressure regulating valve to close, and simultaneously controls the opening of the first pressure regulating valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the quality detection inlet valve; The "air tightness test state" includes: in the "standby state", the control unit automatically controls the closing of the quality detection inlet valve; The "filling state" includes: in the "standby state", the control unit automatically controls the opening of the inlet regulating valve, the outlet regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve.

2. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen source unit comprises at least two hydrogen storage devices.

3. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit is electrically connected to the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve and the second pressure regulating valve respectively.

4. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the second hydrogen supply valve.

5. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the air inlet end of the first hydrogen supply valve.

6. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the third pipeline away from the venting pipeline is connected to the pipe section of the hydrogen supply pipeline located between the hydrogen gas source unit and the replacement gas source unit.

7. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flame arrester is arranged at the outlet of the venting pipeline, and a rainproof cap is arranged on the top of the venting pipeline.

8. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas replacement valve and the overpressure discharge valve are electrically connected to the control unit respectively.

9. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow measurement device includes a gas turbine flow meter or a gas mass flow meter.

10. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure transmitter is electrically connected to the overpressure discharge valve.

11. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quality detection inlet valve is electrically connected to the control unit.

12. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the quality inspection pipeline is connected to the air outlet end of the flow measurement device.

13. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas quality detection module comprises a combination of a gas dew point meter and a gas purity meter or a gas chromatograph.

14. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas leakage detection module includes a hydrogen leakage detector.

15. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm unit comprises a gas flow alarm module, a gas quality alarm module, a gas pressure alarm module, an air tightness alarm module and a gas leakage alarm module.

16. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The gas flow alarm module is electrically connected to the flow measurement device, the gas quality alarm module is electrically connected to the gas quality detection module, the gas leakage alarm module is electrically connected to the gas leakage detection module, the gas pressure alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter, and the air tightness alarm module is electrically connected to the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter respectively; The gas flow alarm module transmits the obtained first signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve; The gas quality alarm module transmits the obtained second signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the gas replacement valve and the overpressure discharge valve; The first pressure transmitter transmits the obtained third signal to the control unit and triggers the gas pressure alarm module, and the control unit feedback controls the overpressure discharge valve; The gas leakage alarm module transmits the obtained fourth signal to the control unit, and the control unit feedback controls the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve; The first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter trigger the air tightness alarm module according to the obtained fifth signal.

17. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic hydrogen filling method specifically comprises the following steps: S201: Open the first pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve and the quality inspection inlet valve, and confirm that the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "standby state"; After the S202 hydrogen user meets the hydrogen filling conditions, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve are opened to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen user, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is in the "filling state"; S203: During the hydrogen filling process, the hydrogen flow rate or mass flow rate / volume flow rate is monitored in real time by using the first signal of the flow measurement device to determine whether it is within the range of the first preset value. If it is within the range of the first preset value, step S205 is executed; otherwise, step S204 is executed. S204 triggers the gas flow alarm module, and the alarm status is displayed as "flow rate / flow rate abnormality". The control unit feedback adjusts the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve, and then executes step S203 again to determine the hydrogen flow rate / flow rate; S205 During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the purity of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than the second preset value, or whether the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module. When the purity of hydrogen is higher than the second preset value, or the impurity content of hydrogen is lower than the third preset value, executing step S208, otherwise executing steps S206-S207; S206 triggers the status of the gas quality alarm module in the alarm unit to display "abnormal gas quality", and the control unit automatically controls the closing of the hydrogen supply cut-off valve and the first pressure regulating valve, and opens the overpressure discharge valve to discharge hydrogen from the flame arrester of the venting pipeline; S207 replaces the hydrogen source, then the control unit controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to switch to the "standby state" and re-executes step S202; S208: During the hydrogen filling process, judging whether the hydrogen working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is higher than a fourth preset value according to the third signal obtained by the first pressure transmitter, and if it is not higher than the fourth preset value, executing step S210; otherwise, executing step S209; S209 triggers the gas pressure alarm module, the alarm status is displayed as "abnormal gas pressure", the overpressure discharge valve is opened, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is closed after it returns to normal, and then step S208 is executed again to determine the working pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline; After S210 reaches the hydrogen filling pressure allowed by the user, the hydrogen supply shut-off valve is closed and the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to return to the "standby state".

18. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 17, characterized in that: In step S201, the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to be converted from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state", including the following steps: S301 opens the first stop valve and the second stop valve, and closes the first pressure regulating valve, the second pressure regulating valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the quality inspection inlet valve, the gas replacement valve, the hydrogen supply cut-off valve, the overpressure discharge valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve; S302 The control unit opens the gas replacement valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve so that the hydrogen supply pipeline and the venting pipeline remain connected; S303 opens the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve, and manually opens the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter deflation plug according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, deflates, and then closes; S304 confirms that the manual operation is completed, closes the gas replacement valve and the second pressure regulating valve, and replaces the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline with replacement gas; S305 connects the hydrogen supply pipeline with the hydrogen gas source unit, and adjusts the pressure at the outlet of the hydrogen gas source unit to the working pressure; S306: Open the first pressure regulating valve and the gas replacement valve to discharge the replacement gas from the venting pipeline; After the data in the S307 gas quality detection module shows that the hydrogen purity meets the standard, the gas replacement valve is closed, the hydrogen replacement is completed, and the hydrogen supply pipeline is switched to "standby status".

19. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement gas is carbon dioxide or nitrogen.

20. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic hydrogen filling method further comprises: performing gas leakage monitoring on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

21. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 20, characterized in that: The gas leakage monitoring specifically includes the following steps: The S401 gas leakage alarm module sends out the fourth signal, and the alarm status is displayed as "hydrogen leakage"; S402 closes the first pressure regulating valve and the hydrogen supply cut-off valve to cut off the hydrogen inlet and outlet; S403 staff checked the leaking point of hydrogen supply pipeline; S404 converts the hydrogen supply pipeline to the "first maintenance state", replaces the pipe section at the leaking point, and the state of the hydrogen supply pipeline after replacing the pipe section is the "second maintenance state", and then converts the hydrogen supply pipeline from the "second maintenance state" to the "standby state".

22. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic hydrogen filling method further includes: converting the hydrogen supply pipeline to an "air tightness test state" and performing an air tightness detection test on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

23. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 22, characterized in that: The air tightness detection test specifically includes the following steps: S501 puts the hydrogen supply pipeline in the "air tightness test state" and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline is maintained at the working pressure; S502 lasts for 24 hours, recording the pressure data of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter; S503 If the pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline remains normal within 24 hours, the test result "air tightness test of hydrogen supply pipeline is normal" is output; otherwise, the status of the air tightness alarm module is displayed as "air tightness test failed", the hydrogen supply pipeline is switched to the "first maintenance state", and the pressure abnormality data and its corresponding time are output.

24. The automatic hydrogen filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic hydrogen filling method further includes: the control unit automatically controls the hydrogen supply pipeline to convert the "filling state", "standby state" or "air tightness test state" into the "first maintenance state", which specifically includes the following steps: S601 The control unit opens the gas replacement valve, the first hydrogen supply valve, the second hydrogen supply valve, the inlet regulating valve and the outlet regulating valve so that the hydrogen supply pipeline and the venting pipeline remain connected; S602 opens the second pressure regulating valve and the quality detection inlet valve, and manually opens the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter venting plug according to the second signal in the gas quality detection module, vents and then closes; After confirming that the manual operation is completed, S603 closes the gas replacement valve and the second pressure regulating valve to convert the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply pipeline into replacement gas.

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