Magnetic coupling charging system and magnetic coupling charging method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a magnetically coupled charging system and method. The magnetically coupled charging system includes a resonant inverter; a split transformer that receives resonant power from the resonant inverter; and a rectifier assembly that receives converted resonant power from the split transformer and transmits it to a battery to be charged. The split transformer includes separate primary and secondary windings, the resonant inverter and the primary winding of the split transformer are provided in a land-based charging system, and the rectifier assembly and the secondary winding of the split transformer are provided in a shipboard charger. The present invention eliminates the risk of electric shock and short-circuit faults at the connection point, and eliminates the problem of arcing or sparking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a magnetic coupling charging system and a magnetic coupling charging method. Background Art

[0002] Among maritime transport vehicles, electric boats offer a clean energy option that can contribute to environmental protection. Not only do they achieve zero CO2 emissions, but unlike existing vessels, they also carry no diesel fuel, preventing diesel leaks. Furthermore, electric boats are energy-efficient and can be seamlessly integrated with renewable energy sources. Traditionally, electric boats rely on battery-based energy storage systems, which are charged by land-based power supply equipment. However, this charging method has its drawbacks. Because electric boats are submerged, they are exposed to extreme humidity and salinity, and are exposed to seawater. Under these conditions, the electrical conductors at the connection point between the land-based power supply equipment and the electric boat's power receiving equipment are susceptible to corrosion, electric shock, and short-circuit failures.

[0003] Currently, US patent application No. US6127800A proposes a magnetic coupling device for charging electric vehicles, including a separate magnetic core provided at one of a power receiving portion and a charging coupler. Patent application No. WO2012001291A2 proposes contactless charging of motor vehicle batteries and a mobile magnetic core wireless charger for electric vehicles. Patent application No. WO2017165549A1 proposes wireless charging for electric vehicles. However, no safe charging method in high-humidity environments has been proposed.

[0004] In view of the above, there is an urgent need to develop a new and safe charging device and charging method suitable for electric boats. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a magnetic coupling charging system, which includes:

[0006] Resonant inverter;

[0007] a separate transformer that receives the resonant power from the resonant inverter; and

[0008] a rectifier assembly that receives the converted resonant power from the split transformer and delivers it to a battery to be charged;

[0009] The separation transformer includes a separate primary winding and a secondary winding, the resonant inverter and the primary winding of the separation transformer are arranged in an on-land charging system, and the rectifier assembly and the secondary winding of the separation transformer are arranged in an onboard charger.

[0010] In one aspect, the primary winding and the secondary winding of the split transformer are respectively wound on two half cores and sealed by filling the surrounding spaces thereof with fillers.

[0011] In one aspect, the resonant inverter is a full-bridge LLC resonant inverter, which converts the direct current received by the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter into high-frequency alternating current to supply the primary winding.

[0012] In one aspect, the on-land charging system further includes a first sealing portion that seals the resonant inverter and the primary winding of the separation transformer.

[0013] In one aspect, the onboard charger further includes a second sealing portion that seals the rectifier assembly and the secondary winding of the separation transformer.

[0014] On the one hand, the land-based charging system further comprises a first locking portion, which is located outside the first sealing portion and surrounds the first sealing portion or is located above the first sealing portion as required, the first locking portion comprising a protrusion arranged on its lower side, and the onboard charger further comprises a second locking portion, which is configured as an upwardly protruding annular portion that cooperates with the lower side of the first locking portion, and the side surface of the annular portion comprises a slit, which corresponds to the protrusion of the first locking portion to receive and fix the protrusion in place during coupling.

[0015] In one aspect, the land-based charging system further comprises a first digital controller connected to the separation transformer and the resonant inverter, configured to control the phase angle and frequency of the resonant inverter according to the determined charging mode.

[0016] In one aspect, the land charging system further comprises a rectifier connected to the power source for supplying power and the resonant inverter, for converting the alternating current input from the power source into direct current to supply the resonant inverter.

[0017] In one aspect, the land charging system further comprises a capacitor connected in series with the separation transformer to compensate for leakage inductance of the separation transformer and / or compensate for excessive parasitic inductance caused by coupling between the land charging system and the external power supply system.

[0018] In one aspect, a drain port is provided in the separation transformer, and the drain port connects the first sealing portion of the land charging system with the outside of the land charging system.

[0019] In one aspect, the onboard charger further comprises a synchronous buck converter connected to the battery to be charged and the separation transformer, for determining a charging condition of the battery to be charged according to the battery voltage, average charging current feedback and the state of the battery to be charged.

[0020] In one aspect, the onboard charger further includes a second digital controller connected to the split transformer, the battery to be charged, and the rectifier assembly, wherein the second digital controller optimizes charging conditions and energy storage system safety based on detected states of the onboard charger and the battery to be charged.

[0021] In one aspect, the second digital controller compensates the sensed average charging current according to a predefined reference current using a functional relationship in the case of constant current charging.

[0022] In one aspect, the land-based charging system is in the structure of a charging gun, comprising a handle and a main body connected thereto, wherein the primary winding of the separation transformer is sealed in the main body.

[0023] In one aspect, a wire hole is provided inside the handle, and the wire hole extends from one end of the handle to the other end. The power supply wire is located in the wire hole, or is led out from the wire hole at the end of the handle.

[0024] In one aspect, the handle further comprises a cable closure at an end of the handle for closing and opening the cable hole as needed.

[0025] The present invention also provides a magnetic coupling charging method implemented by using the magnetic coupling charging system as described above.

[0026] Compared with traditional charging technology, the present invention has the following advantages: it eliminates the risk of electric shock and short circuit failure at the connection point; eliminates the problem of arcing or sparking; provides galvanic isolation between the power supply and the receiving end; eliminates the concern about corrosion of exposed conductors,

[0027] Overall, the present invention provides a safer and more durable power delivery solution for charging batteries in electric boats and any suitable marine application, and can be used to charge batteries in any environment, including harsh environments. Furthermore, the system is simple to operate and provides stable performance across a wide range of operating conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Exemplary embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like elements. The above and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these illustrations depict only several embodiments according to the present invention and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof. Additional specificity and detail will be provided for the present disclosure through use of the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing multiple components and circuit distribution.

[0031] Figure 3 A magnetically coupled charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein a charging gun and a charging port are shown.

[0032] Figure 4a A schematic diagram of a charging gun of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0033] Figure 4b The figure schematically shows an AA cross-sectional view of a charging gun of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4c A schematic diagram of a charging port of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure 4d The figure schematically shows a BB cross-sectional view of a charging port of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4e A schematic diagram illustrating contact coupling points of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4f A CC cross-sectional view showing a coupling point of contacts of a magnetically coupled charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetically coupled charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a channel mechanism for draining water when a plug is inserted.

[0039] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a locking slot and a locking mechanism.

[0040] Figure 7ais a schematic diagram of an assembled magnetic coupling charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7b FIG. 2 is a DD cross-sectional view of an assembled magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the locking anchor of the plug and how to insert it into the receiver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention relates to a charging device and method for charging batteries in electric vehicles, such as electric boats. The charging device includes a mating mechanism and design for a fully insulated connector based on a magnetically isolated transformer, as well as electrical conditioning circuitry at the driving and receiving ends. The charging device and method of the present invention can also provide power for motor vehicles, industrial, and marine applications. Therefore, they have potential applications in the marine, automotive, rail, and power industries.

[0044] The magnetically coupled charging system of the present invention includes an onshore charging assembly, the onshore power supply assembly including a resonant inverter or simply a resonant inverter, the onshore charging assembly being configured to generate resonant power for a separate transformer; a separate transformer receiving the resonant power from the resonant inverter; the separate transformer being waterproof, so that all conductors are sealed within a dustproof and waterproof enclosure with an IP66 protection rating, without exposing any conductors; the separate transformer including a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side being connected to the onshore charging assembly, and the secondary side being connected to a rectifier / charger for charging a battery; and a rectifier / charger receiving the converted resonant power from the separate transformer and transmitting it to the battery to be charged. The separate transformer forms an interface between the resonant inverter and a receiver, a pluggable connection interface with no exposed conductors.

[0045] The present invention provides a system and method for charging batteries for electric boats. The present invention implements a fully insulated connector matching mechanism and design based on magnetically separated cores at the driving and receiving ends and an electrical regulation circuit.

[0046] Figure 1 FIG is a functional block diagram of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, a magnetically coupled charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises two components: an onshore power supply assembly and an onboard charger. The onshore power supply assembly's input is typically powered by an AC power source, but can also be powered by a DC power source. A resonant inverter 102 in the onshore power supply assembly, such as a full-bridge LLC resonant inverter, converts DC power into high-frequency AC (HFAC), which is derived from mains AC power at the power frequency through a rectifier or directly from a DC power source. After transmission and conversion via a cable, the HFAC is supplied to the primary winding of a splitter transformer 104 embedded in the charging gun. The cable is made, for example, of Litz wire. The secondary winding of the splitter transformer, such as on an electric boat or other suitable electric vehicle, receives the HFAC and transmits it to a rectifier / battery charger 106, which converts it to DC current to charge a DC battery 108, thereby providing constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV) charging modes, depending on the energy storage system's specifications. At the coupling point between the onshore power supply and the onboard receiver, the HFAC is transmitted via a magnetic field.

[0047] Therefore, through the magnetic coupling charging system according to embodiments of the present invention, and in particular the specific separation transformer with a water leakage feature within the magnetic coupling charging system, magnetic power transmission is achieved while the conductors in the charging gun and receiver are fully insulated. This magnetic field transmission method eliminates the risk of electric shock and short-circuit faults.

[0048] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows a plurality of important components, control components and circuit distribution. Figure 2 As shown, the onshore power supply system includes a rectifier, an inductor and capacitor, an inverter, a first digital controller, and a portion of a split transformer, all of which are sealed in a storage mechanism, such as a charging box. The rectifier is any suitable rectifier that converts AC to DC, such as a rectifier formed by MOSFETs and diodes (also known as a boost converter). The boost converter is used for input-side power factor correction. Of course, other suitable power factor correction circuits can also be used. The H-bridge serving as the inverter is composed of resonant capacitors that work together with the inductance of the split transformer to create resonance.

[0049] The primary side of the separation transformer (also known as a high-frequency transformer) in the onshore power supply assembly, that is, the primary winding at the charging gun, is driven by the high-frequency AC power generated by the inverter, such as an H-bridge, also known as a full-bridge LLC resonant inverter. The output of the inverter is transmitted through a high-frequency AC lead made of, for example, Litz wire or multi-strand insulated / coated twisted wire. The leakage inductance of the separation transformer and the excessive parasitic inductance caused by the cable connection between the charging pile and the charging gun are both connected in series by capacitors, such as high-voltage polyester film capacitors C S , performing compensation. Compensation by capacitors improves the power quality of the AC current provided by the power source through the high-frequency AC cable and provides zero-voltage switching conditions for the four switches of the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter. The DC link of the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter is powered by a boost converter, such as a boost PFC rectifier from a single-phase mains power supply. The boost PFC rectifier regulates the voltage received from the mains power supply into DC power for supply to the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter. The primary winding is excited by the high-frequency AC generated by the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter of the onshore power system.

[0050] The charging system in the onshore charging component is controlled by a first digital controller, which controls the PFC rectifier and the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter to optimize the energy efficiency and stability of the charging system. Mains AC voltage waveform V S is sensed and input to the first digital controller to generate a reference input current signal. The rectified current I S Feedback is given to the first digital controller, which adjusts the duty cycle of the MOSFET rectifier to make the input current waveform in phase with the main current and at the same time reduce the average voltage DC link voltage V CThe power consumption of the magnetically coupled charging system is adjusted to a predetermined value. The first digital controller also estimates the power consumed by the magnetically coupled charging system based on the input current and voltage. This is used to determine the charging mode and the status and operational information displayed on the control panel. The first digital controller determines the charging mode based on the situation. There are two charging modes: constant current charging mode and constant voltage charging mode. Constant current charging mode is used before the predetermined constant voltage charging voltage is reached. During the initial charging process, the battery to be charged is first charged in constant current mode. Then, when the battery voltage reaches the predetermined constant voltage charging voltage, the first digital controller switches the charging mode to constant voltage mode. The onboard charger may also include a buck converter to control the charging mode of the onboard charger. The phase angle and frequency of the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter are controlled by the first digital controller according to a predetermined charging method. When the phase difference between the charging voltage and current of the resonant inverter is large, which often occurs during the light load charging range, the first digital controller uses a predetermined charging strategy to reduce the switching frequency of the switching power components to optimize energy efficiency and compensate for line frequency ripple on the DC link capacitor under different charging conditions.

[0051] The magnetic field generated by the primary winding in the charging gun connected to the charging pile is coupled to the secondary winding at the charging port on the electric boat through a 4 mm dielectric material air gap, also known as the receiving winding. Optionally, a high μm can be inserted into the charging gun and the charging port. r A magnetically separated core is made of a material to increase the mutual inductance and coupling coefficient. The primary winding in the magnetically separated core is wound on a half core, which is, for example, a basin-shaped core or an E-shaped core. The secondary winding in the magnetically separated core is composed of a half core, which is, for example, a basin-shaped core or an E-shaped core with the same shape as the half core used for the primary winding. In the case of a basin-shaped core, there are wire holes on the top or bottom of the basin-shaped core to ensure a uniform coupling coefficient and free rotation angle. The space around the half core is filled with high-temperature resistant nylon or epoxy resin or other fillers to play a protective role and prevent water from entering the winding and the vicinity of the half core. A drain port 423 is left in the filling space to allow any water remaining in the interface space between the primary winding and the secondary winding to drain to the outside of the separated core.

[0052] The onboard charger includes another portion of the split transformer, a full-wave rectifier, a synchronous buck converter, a capacitor, an inductor, and a second digital controller. The full-wave rectifier is also known as a bridge rectifier. The synchronous buck converter is also known as a half-bridge converter. The inductor is used to control the voltage and current output of the battery pack. The high-frequency AC power at another portion of the split transformer, such as the portion including the receiving winding, is rectified by the full-wave rectifier. Constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) charging conditions of the battery to be charged (which may also be a battery pack to be charged) are maintained by the synchronous buck converter through the battery voltage V B , average charging current Ich The state of the onboard charger and the initial duty cycle of the synchronous buck converter are determined by the rectified input voltage V in Determines the rectified input voltage V in The charging state can be detected by estimating the charging power from the detected rectified input line current. During CC charging, the sensed I ch The error is compensated by the PI function in the second digital controller, which controls the duty cycle of the MOSFET accordingly. B When a predetermined value is reached, the second digital controller controls the duty cycle of the PWM signal so that the output voltage of the onboard charger is maintained at the CV setting. The second digital controller optimizes the charging conditions and the safety of the energy storage system based on the detected charger and battery status. The synchronous buck converter consists of two MOSFETs or switching devices, and optionally, the charging mode of the onboard charger can be controlled by the synchronous buck converter. Before the charger is started or after the battery to be charged is fully charged, the battery to be charged is isolated from the onboard charger by a double-throw switch controlled by the second digital controller or any other suitable switching device. The double-throw switch also connects the onboard charger to the vessel control unit (VCU) of the electric boat. Based on the detected rectified input voltage, battery voltage, and signals from the battery management system and VCU, the onshore power system, onboard charger, and battery status are detected.

[0053] Figure 3The mechanical structure of a magnetically coupled charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown, including a land-based charging system in the form of a charging gun and a shipboard charger in the form of a charging port. As shown, the charging gun 307 and charging port 308 are connected. The primary and receiving windings of the split-type transformer, as well as the core halves, are sealed within the charging gun and charging port, respectively. The charging gun includes a connected handle 302 and a main body, which includes a first locking portion 303 and a first sealing portion 304. A wire hole 301 is provided within the handle, extending from one end to the other. For example, the power supply wire of a high-frequency AC Litz cable is sealed within the handle of the charging gun. The high-frequency AC Litz cable, insulated with insulating material, is protected by a double-layer sheath with an outer layer of insulating material for insulation and a metal portion for grounding. The power supply wire can also be led out through the wire hole at the end of the handle. The handle may also include a cable cover at the end of the handle, which is used to close and open the wire hole as needed, so that the power supply from the outside can be connected to the power supply line inside the handle, thereby supplying power to the land power system of the main body of the charging gun. When the cable cover is in the closed state, it can seal the handle to achieve a watertight and airtight effect. Optionally, the cable cover is removable. When connected to an external power source, the cable cover is opened and the power supply line inside the handle is connected to the external power supply line. The first locking portion 303 is located on the outside of the first sealing portion 304. The rectifier, capacitor, inverter, first digital controller and primary winding of the separation transformer of the land power system are arranged and sealed in the first sealing portion 304. The first sealing portion 304 is, for example, a dustproof and waterproof box, which seals the primary winding of the resonant inverter and the separation transformer, and also includes a rectifier such as a mains rectifier device, a capacitor (i.e., a power compensator) and a full-bridge LLC resonant inverter. The dustproof and waterproof box includes a dustproof and water-resistant tank with a protection level of at least IP66, and is placed on shore. The waterproof box contains two inlet and outlet lines: a mains power supply line and a charging gun lead line. The first sealing portion can be made of any suitable insulating material and can be integrally molded or molded so that the sealing connection is formed. The structure of the charging gun can be configured to completely seal the conductors and conductive components therein and insulate the conductors and conductive components from the surrounding environment. The first sealing portion can be filled with high-temperature resistant nylon, epoxy resin, or other fillers to help seal other components therein.

[0054] Coupled with the charging gun is a charging port 308, which includes a second sealing portion 306 and a second locking portion 305. The second locking portion 305 is located outside the second sealing portion 306. The onboard charger is arranged and sealed in the second sealing portion, including the secondary winding of the separation transformer, a full-wave rectifier, a synchronous buck converter, a capacitor, and a second digital controller. In addition, the separation transformer also includes a secondary winding and a half-core / magnetic separation core surrounded by the secondary winding. The secondary winding is connected to the battery through the wire hole below it. This will be referred to below. Figures 4a-4f Detailed description. Figure 3 As can be seen in the diagram, the structure of the charging gun and charging port allows for a high degree of freedom in the rotation angle between the two, while maintaining a relatively stable coupling coefficient between the primary and secondary windings. The charging port can be configured to completely seal the conductors and components therein and insulate them from the surrounding environment.

[0055] Figure 4a and 4b Schematic diagram and cross-sectional diagram respectively show a charging gun of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4c and 4d Schematic diagram and cross-sectional view respectively show a charging port of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4e and 4f The figure shows a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of the coupling point of a magnetic coupling charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. For the sake of clarity, only some components of the charging gun and the charging port are shown, while other components are omitted, such as the rectifier, capacitor, etc. Figure 4a 、 4b As shown, power supply wire 401 is sealed within a wire hole in the handle of the charging gun. Power supply wire 401 connects to the primary winding 404 of the split transformer through wire hole 403, thereby transmitting power from the power source to the primary winding 404 in the first magnetic split core. Primary winding 404 is annular and surrounded by a first filler 403. Primary winding 404 is annular, with the first filler surrounding the primary winding, which is then wound onto the core half. Figure 4c 、 4d The charging port shown in FIG. 4 includes a secondary winding 411, which is annular and surrounded by a second filler 412 inside and outside the ring. The secondary winding is connected to the circuit of the onboard charger via a wire 414. The wire 414 is fixed to a wire hole 413 to connect to the onboard charger detachably or fixedly, as needed. Figure 4c 、 4d Also shown is an annular snap-fit ​​portion 415 for engaging with the lower side of the first locking portion of the onshore power supply system.

[0056] Figure 4e 、 4f The structure of the coupling point of the assembled magnetic coupling charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the primary winding 404, the secondary winding 411 and the first filler 402 and the second filler 412 surrounding them are shown, which are in an overlapping position when coupled. Figure 3 and Figure 4a (as shown) fully inserted into the charging port - receiver side ( Figure 4c ), the first locking portion 303 moves downward, and the plug passes through the first locking portion 303 and the second locking portion 305 (as Figure 3 The combination of the rotating mechanism formed by the screw thread is firmly mounted on the port. Figure 4e 、 4f A cross-section of the charging gun's plug and receiver is shown. The charging gun's plug also includes a small drainage hole 423, which connects the coupling point between the first and second magnetically separate cores and the outside, providing a drainage channel for residual liquid and air between the charging gun's plug and the charging port. This naturalizes pressure at the coupling point and simplifies the insertion and removal of the charging gun.

[0057] Figure 7a and 7b A schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of an assembled magnetic coupling charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention are shown. As shown, during coupling, the charging gun and charging port are in close contact and connected via an annular snap-on portion 415. The primary winding 404 and secondary winding 411 are positioned in alignment, enabling a sealed charging process.

[0058] The present invention also proposes a charging method to provide a fully insulated and waterproof method for charging an electric boat. The method uses a fully sealed winding and a magnetically separated core located at the charging gun, which is connected to the land power system (charging gun) and the charging port located on the electric boat.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetically coupled charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing the access mechanism and process for inserting the charging gun's plug into the receiver of the charging port. The access mechanism is depicted as a hole. During insertion, any water remaining between the plug and the receiver surface is squeezed out through drain port 423 as indicated by the arrow.

[0060] Figure 6The first sealing portion and first locking portion 303, as well as the second sealing portion and second locking portion 305 of a magnetically coupled charging system according to one embodiment of the present invention are shown. The first locking portion 303 includes a locking protrusion, while the second locking portion provides a locking mechanism. The first locking portion accommodates the first sealing portion, and its internal contour corresponds to the external contour of the first sealing portion, ensuring that the first locking portion and the first sealing portion substantially prevent relative movement when locked. The first locking portion includes a protrusion on its inner underside, which partially surrounds the inner contour of the first locking portion. The second locking portion is a raised annular portion with a slit and a protrusion on its side. The slit corresponds to the protrusion of the first locking portion, so that when a plug is inserted into the receptacle, the protrusion enters the slit. Then, rotating the plug clockwise securely locks the plug into the slit of the second locking portion. The rotating locking structure ensures that the plug of the charging gun is securely installed when it is fully inserted into the charging port of the electric boat, and the drainage port ensures that the charging gun can be easily inserted into and unplugged from the charging port.

[0061] Figure 8 Shown Figure 6 An enlarged view of the connection between the first locking portion and the second locking portion is shown. As shown in the figure, the slot and the protrusion are locked and fixed to each other, thereby fixing the plug to the receiver through the structure of the locking anchor.

[0062] Compared with traditional conductive chargers, it allows a higher degree of coupling positioning tolerance; compared with existing inductive chargers, the split-core design with a locking mechanism provides a higher but stable coupling coefficient; it provides longer service life by eliminating wear problems on wires and contacts; the connector does not require high insertion force; the onboard charger assembly provides precise battery charging control with fast response speed; and allows a wide range of input and output operating conditions.

[0063] Compared to traditional chargers, the magnetic coupling charging system of the present application can achieve the following effects: eliminate the risk of electric shock and short circuit failure at the connection point; eliminate arc or spark problems; provide current isolation between the power supply and the receiving end, eliminating the corrosion problem of exposed conductors at the charging terminal; improve the cycle life of the connector by eliminating the problem of contact wear; do not require high insertion force, alleviating the concerns about phase and electrode position issues in traditional conductive chargers; compared with other inductive chargers, it improves a higher but stable coupling coefficient and stability, allowing a higher degree of coupling positioning tolerance; due to the addition of magnetic core filler, it can cope with the challenges of water seepage, immersion, collision and falling faced in a wide range of outdoor uses. In addition, the shipboard charger according to the present invention can provide precise battery charging control and fast response, and can accommodate a wide range of input and output working conditions.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications within the scope of the present invention will be apparent. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiments described herein, but rather by the claims set forth below.

Claims

1. A magnetic coupling charging system, characterized in that: The magnetic coupling charging system includes: Resonant inverter; a separate transformer that receives the resonant power from the resonant inverter; and a rectifier assembly that receives the converted resonant power from the split transformer and delivers it to a battery to be charged; in: The separation transformer includes a separate primary winding and a secondary winding, the resonant inverter and the primary winding of the separation transformer are arranged in a land-based charging system, and the rectifier assembly and the secondary winding of the separation transformer are arranged in a shipboard charger; The land-based charging system further includes a first sealing portion, the first sealing portion sealing the resonant inverter and the primary winding of the separation transformer; The onboard charger further includes a second sealing portion that seals the rectifier assembly and the secondary winding of the separation transformer; and The land-based charging system further includes a first locking portion, which is located outside the first sealing portion and surrounds the first sealing portion or is located above the first sealing portion as needed. The first locking portion includes a protrusion arranged on its lower side. The onboard charger further includes a second locking portion, which is configured as an upwardly protruding annular portion that cooperates with the lower side of the first locking portion. The side surface of the annular portion includes a slit, which corresponds to the protrusion of the first locking portion to receive and fix the protrusion in place during coupling.

2. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary winding and the secondary winding of the separation transformer are respectively wound on two half cores and are sealed by filling fillers in the surrounding spaces.

3. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant inverter is a full-bridge LLC resonant inverter, which converts the direct current received by the full-bridge LLC resonant inverter into high-frequency alternating current to supply the primary winding.

4. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land charging system further includes a first digital controller connected to the separation transformer and the resonant inverter, and configured to control the phase angle and frequency of the resonant inverter according to the determined charging mode.

5. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land charging system further includes a rectifier connected to the power supply and the resonant inverter, for converting the alternating current input from the power supply into direct current to supply the resonant inverter.

6. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land-based charging system further includes a capacitor connected in series with the separation transformer to compensate for leakage inductance of the separation transformer and / or compensate for excessive parasitic inductance caused by coupling between the land-based charging system and the external power supply system.

7. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation transformer is provided with a drain port, and the drain port connects the first sealing portion of the land charging system with the outside of the land charging system.

8. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The onboard charger further comprises a synchronous buck converter connected to the battery to be charged and the separation transformer, for determining a charging condition of the battery to be charged according to the battery voltage, average charging current feedback and the state of the battery to be charged.

9. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The onboard charger further includes a second digital controller connected to the separation transformer, the battery to be charged, and the rectifier assembly, wherein the second digital controller optimizes charging conditions and safety of the energy storage system according to detected states of the onboard charger and the battery to be charged.

10. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second digital controller compensates the sensed average charging current according to a predefined reference current using a functional relationship in the case of constant current charging.

11. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land-based charging system is in the structure of a charging gun, comprising a handle and a main body connected thereto, wherein the primary winding of the separation transformer is sealed in the main body.

12. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 11, characterized in that: A wire hole is provided inside the handle, and the wire hole extends from one end of the handle to the other end. The power supply wire is located in the wire hole, or is led out from the wire hole at the end of the handle.

13. The magnetic coupling charging system according to claim 12, wherein: The handle further comprises a cable sealing cover at an end portion of the handle for closing and opening the wire hole as needed.

14. A magnetic coupling charging method implemented by using the magnetic coupling charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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