A testing method and testing device for standard penetration test and dynamic penetration test

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of engineering geological exploration, and discloses a testing method and a testing device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests. The testing method includes: obtaining a plurality of displacement values for each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency; determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow based on the plurality of displacement values; accumulating all the hammer blow counts to obtain the cumulative blow count, and accumulating all the penetration depths to obtain the cumulative penetration depth; and determining the test blow count based on the cumulative penetration depth and the cumulative blow count. The testing method and the testing device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests provided by the present application can improve the accuracy of the parameters of the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests and the reliability of the results of the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of engineering geological exploration, and particularly relates to a test method and a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, due to numerous influencing factors during on-site tests, the accuracy of collected parameters such as penetration depth and penetration rate may be low, which will seriously affect the reliability of drilling results and even endanger the project quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application are expected to provide a test method and a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests to improve the accuracy and reliability of parameters of standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiments of this application is realized as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, embodiments of this application disclose a test method for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, and the test method includes:

[0006] Obtain multiple displacement values for each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency;

[0007] Based on the multiple displacement values, determine the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow;

[0008] Accumulate all the hammer blow counts to obtain the cumulative blow count, and accumulate all the penetration depths to obtain the cumulative penetration depth;

[0009] Based on the cumulative penetration depth and the cumulative blow count, determine the test blow count.

[0010] In one embodiment, the test method includes:

[0011] Obtain multiple acceleration values for each hammer blow within the set time at the preset frequency;

[0012] Based on the multiple acceleration values, determine the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow.

[0013] In one embodiment, the displacement values are obtained by a laser displacement sensor.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cumulative blow count is obtained by an acoustic wave sensor and an electronic counter.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step of determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow based on the multiple displacement values includes:

[0016] Taking the arithmetic mean of the multiple displacement values of each hammer strike as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer strike.

[0017] In one embodiment, the step of determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer strike based on the multiple displacement values includes:

[0018] Taking the minimum value among the multiple displacement values of each hammer strike as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer strike.

[0019] In one embodiment, the testing method includes:

[0020] First, perform a pre-drilling stage, hammer the formation with a first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a first preset value, and accumulate all the hammer strikes in the pre-drilling stage as the pre-strike number;

[0021] Then, perform a test stage, hammer the formation with the first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a second preset value, and accumulate all the hammer strikes in the pre-drilling stage and the test stage to obtain the cumulative strike number, where the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0022] In one embodiment, when the cumulative penetration depth reaches the second preset value and the cumulative strike number is less than or equal to a third preset value, the test strike number is the difference between the cumulative strike number and the pre-strike number.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the cumulative penetration depth is not greater than the second preset value and the cumulative strike number is greater than the third preset value, the test strike number is calculated by multiplying the difference between the cumulative strike number and the pre-strike number by a first coefficient.

[0024] In one embodiment, the testing method includes:

[0025] Hammer the formation with a first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a fourth preset value, and when the cumulative strike number is greater than a fifth preset value, prompt to replace the first core hammer with a second core hammer.

[0026] In one embodiment, the testing method includes:

[0027] Hammer the formation with a second core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a fourth preset value, and when the cumulative strike number is less than a sixth preset value, prompt to replace the second core hammer with a first core hammer.

[0028] In one embodiment, when the first core hammer or the second core hammer hammers the formation until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the fourth preset value, determine the cumulative strike number as the test strike number, or calculate the test strike number by multiplying the cumulative strike number by a second coefficient.

[0029] Another aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, including:

[0030] A rod;

[0031] A probe, connected to the rod;

[0032] A hammering assembly, arranged on the rod, and the hammering assembly is used to hammer the rod to move downward;

[0033] A data recording device, arranged on the rod, and the data recording device is used to collect the cumulative number of blows of the hammering assembly and multiple displacement values for each hammer blow;

[0034] A data processing device, communicatively connected to the data recording device, and the data processing device is used to obtain the penetration depth according to the multiple displacement values.

[0035] In one embodiment, the data recording device includes:

[0036] An acoustic wave sensor, used to collect the acoustic waves generated by the hammering assembly;

[0037] An electronic counter, obtaining the cumulative number of blows according to the acoustic wave information of the acoustic wave sensor.

[0038] In one embodiment, the data recording device includes:

[0039] A reflector, arranged on the ground;

[0040] A laser displacement sensor, which is used to emit laser light to the reflector and receive the laser light reflected by the reflector to obtain the displacement value.

[0041] In one embodiment, the reflector includes two plate bodies, the plate bodies are formed with mounting grooves, and the two plate bodies are buckled relative to each other so that the two mounting grooves are spliced to form a mounting hole, and the rod passes through the mounting hole.

[0042] In one embodiment, the rod includes a guide rod and a connecting rod, the hammering assembly is arranged on the guide rod, and the data recording device is detachably arranged between the guide rod and the connecting rod.

[0043] The embodiment of the present application discloses a test method and a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests. By obtaining multiple displacement values after each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency, and then determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow through the multiple displacement values, the error can be reduced to improve the accuracy of obtaining the penetration depth; finally, according to the cumulative number of blows and the cumulative penetration depth, the test number of blows is determined, which can effectively improve the reliability and authenticity of the entire standard penetration and dynamic penetration test results. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a test method for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 For Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the data recording device in

[0047] Figure 4 For Figure 2 It is a partial truncation schematic diagram at the position of the data recording device in

[0048] Figure 5 For Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflector in

[0049] Description of the Reference Numerals

[0050] Test device 100; rod 1; guide rod 11; connecting rod 12; probe 2; standard penetration sampler 21; cone penetrometer 22; hammering assembly 3; drop hammer 31; hammer cushion 32; data recording device 4; housing 41; wireless signal line 42; reflector 43; mounting hole 43a; plate body 431; mounting groove 431a; laser displacement sensor 44; acoustic wave sensor 45; electronic counter 46; acceleration sensor 47; wireless signal transmitter 48; power supply 49; data processing device 5; bracket 6; lifting device 7. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0051] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The detailed description in the specific implementation manners should be understood as an explanatory description of the purpose of the present application and should not be regarded as an improper limitation to the present application.

[0052] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. The descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly including at least one feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] An embodiment of the present application provides a test method for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests on the one hand. Please refer to Figure 1 , the test method includes:

[0054] S1. Obtain multiple displacement values for each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency;

[0055] S2. Based on the multiple displacement values, determine the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow.

[0056] Exemplarily, the preset frequency and the set time are not limited. For example, the time interval between every two adjacent hammer blows is set to 35 s, the preset frequency can be 0.1 hz (hertz), and the set time can be 30 s. In this way, three displacement values will be collected after one hammer blow, and then the penetration depth corresponding to this hammer blow is obtained based on the three displacement values, which can reduce the influence brought by errors, with high precision and good reliability. It can be understood that due to environmental factors such as wind or device reasons such as after hammering, the rod 1 will shake during the descending process, and the shaking of the rod 1 will cause an error between the collected displacement value and the displacement value obtained by the rod 1 in the actual vertical state. These errors will affect the reliability of the drilling results and even endanger the project quality.

[0057] S3. Accumulate all the hammer blow counts to obtain the cumulative blow count, and accumulate all the penetration depths to obtain the cumulative penetration depth.

[0058] It should be noted that the cumulative penetration depth is equal to the superposition of the penetration depths corresponding to multiple hammer blows.

[0059] S4. Based on the cumulative penetration depth and the cumulative blow count, determine the test blow count.

[0060] In this way, the test blow count can be determined according to the obtained cumulative penetration depth and cumulative blow count, and then the state and unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil, the relative density and internal friction angle of sand, the basic bearing capacity of various soils, the discrimination between completely weathered rock and strongly weathered rock, and the liquefaction discrimination of sand can be determined, with high reliability; taking the standard penetration test as an example, the standard penetration test is more applicable to sand, silt and general clay, including the soil layers below and above the groundwater level.

[0061] In this embodiment, by obtaining multiple displacement values after each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency, and then determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow through the multiple displacement values, the error can be reduced to improve the accuracy of obtaining the penetration depth; finally, according to the cumulative blow count and the cumulative penetration depth, the test blow count is determined. In this way, the reliability and authenticity of the entire standard penetration and dynamic penetration test results can be effectively improved, which has far-reaching significance for subsequent geological exploration.

[0062] In one embodiment, the testing method includes: S5. Obtain multiple acceleration values for each hammer blow within the set time at the preset frequency;

[0063] S6. Determine the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow based on the multiple acceleration values.

[0064] Exemplarily, the preset frequency and the set time are not limited. For example, the time interval between every two adjacent hammer blows can be 35 s, the preset frequency can be 0.1 hz (hertz), and the set time can be 30 s. In this way, three acceleration values will be collected after one hammer blow, and finally, through the three acceleration values, the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow is determined, which can reduce the influence brought by errors, with high precision and good reliability.

[0065] In this embodiment, by obtaining multiple acceleration values after each hammer blow within the set time at the preset frequency, and then determining the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow through the multiple acceleration values, the error can be reduced to improve the accuracy of the penetration rate parameter. The penetration rate obtained in the embodiment of the present application can be statistically analyzed, and statistical indicators such as the degree of data dispersion or the coefficient of variation can be used as the discrimination criteria for the formation uniformity, and can also assist in verifying the reliability and accuracy of the obtained penetration depth, as well as providing important parameters for subsequent deeper geological research.

[0066] In one embodiment, the penetration rate corresponding to each time is equal to the integral of the multiple acceleration values obtained for each hammer blow with respect to the set time.

[0067] In one embodiment, step S2 of determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow based on the multiple displacement values includes:

[0068] S21. Take the arithmetic mean of the multiple displacement values of each hammer blow as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow.

[0069] In this way, taking the arithmetic mean of the multiple displacement values obtained for each hammer blow as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow can reflect the average level of the displacement values of one hammer blow as the penetration depth, which can simplify the conditions for obtaining the penetration depth and is conducive to accelerating the construction progress of on-site drilling, with high efficiency.

[0070] In one embodiment, step S2 of determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow based on the multiple displacement values includes:

[0071] S22. Take the minimum value of the multiple displacement values of each hammer blow as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow.

[0072] It can be understood that when the rod 1 is hammered once, it will drop from the first point to the second point. Taking the measurement of the top of the rod 1 at different positions as the displacement value as an example, the penetration depth should be the distance between the top of the rod 1 at the first point and the top of the rod 1 in the vertical state at the second point. In practice, when the rod 1 reaches the second point after being hammered, it will shake, causing the rod 1 to deviate from the vertical position, resulting in an overestimated displacement value. In this application, the minimum value among multiple displacement values after each hammering is taken as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammering, which can further improve the acquisition accuracy, has high reliability, and can also reduce the time for obtaining the penetration depth without waiting for the rod 1 to stabilize before hammering, with high efficiency.

[0073] In one embodiment, the displacement value is obtained by the laser displacement sensor 44. Here, by using the laser displacement sensor 44 to obtain the displacement value, the recording efficiency and accuracy of the displacement value can be improved, and the human measurement cost can be reduced. It can be understood that in the related art, the penetration depth is obtained by manual measurement with a tape measure or a physical triggering method, and human errors often occur, resulting in incorrect formation discrimination and other errors. In some cases, the penetration depth is even visually estimated, which will seriously affect the reliability of the standard penetration and dynamic penetration test results and cause serious harm to the project quality.

[0074] In one embodiment, the cumulative number of blows is obtained by the acoustic wave sensor 45 and the electronic counter 46. Here, the acoustic wave sensor 45 and the electronic counter 46 are used to obtain the cumulative number of blows through the acoustic waves after hammering. The interference from the test environment is small, the anti-interference ability is strong, and the accuracy of the obtained cumulative number of blows is high.

[0075] In one embodiment, the test method includes: S7. First, perform the pre-drilling stage, hammer the formation with the first drop hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the first preset value, and accumulate all the hammering times in the pre-drilling stage as the pre-hammering times.

[0076] Exemplarily, the standard penetration and dynamic penetration test includes the standard penetration test. The standard penetration test includes the pre-drilling stage and the test stage. The mass of the first drop hammer is 63.5 kg, and the probe 2 is selected as the standard penetration sampler 21. The standard penetration sampler 21 is driven into the formation by dropping the first drop hammer with a free fall distance of 0.76 m. When the cumulative penetration depth reaches the first preset value, such as the first penetration preset value can be 0.15 m, the preset number of blows is the total number of hammering times accumulated in the pre-drilling stage.

[0077] S8. Then, perform the test stage, hammer the formation with the first drop hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the second preset value, and accumulate all the hammering times in the pre-drilling stage and the test stage to obtain the cumulative number of blows, where the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0078] Exemplarily, the standard penetration sampler 21 is hammered into the formation by the first drop hammer. When the cumulative penetration depth reaches a second preset value, for example, the second preset value can be 0.45 m, the cumulative number of blows is the total number of hammer blows in the cumulative pre-driving stage and the test stage.

[0079] In one embodiment, S9. When the cumulative penetration depth reaches the second preset value and the cumulative number of blows is less than or equal to a third preset value, the test number of blows is the difference between the cumulative number of blows and the pre-driving number of blows.

[0080] Exemplarily, when the cumulative penetration depth is greater than or equal to the second preset value, for example, the second preset value is 0.45 m, and the cumulative number of blows is less than or equal to the third preset value, for example, the third preset value is 50, stop hammering. At this time, the test number of blows is equal to the cumulative number of blows minus the pre-driving number of blows, and then the compactness of the formation is obtained according to the test number of blows.

[0081] It should be noted that in the standard penetration test, when the test number of blows is less than or equal to 10, the compactness of the sand is loose; when the test number of blows is greater than 10 and less than or equal to 15, the compactness of the sand is slightly dense; when the test number of blows is greater than 15 and less than or equal to 30, the compactness of the sand is medium dense; when the test number of blows is greater than 30, the compactness of the sand is dense.

[0082] In one embodiment, S10. When the cumulative penetration depth is not greater than the second preset value and the cumulative number of blows is greater than the third preset value, the test number of blows is calculated by multiplying the difference between the cumulative number of blows and the pre-driving number of blows by a first coefficient.

[0083] Exemplarily, when the cumulative penetration depth is less than or equal to the second preset value, for example, the second preset value can be 0.45 m, and the cumulative number of blows is greater than the third preset value, for example, the third preset value can be 50, stop hammering and do not force further penetration. At this time, the test number of blows is equal to the difference between the cumulative number of blows and the pre-driving number of blows multiplied by the first coefficient. For example, the first coefficient can be 0.3 divided by the difference between the cumulative penetration depth and 0.15.

[0084] In one embodiment, the test method includes: S7'. Hammer the formation with the first drop hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a fourth preset value. When the cumulative number of blows is greater than a fifth preset value, prompt to replace the first drop hammer with the second drop hammer.

[0085] Exemplarily, the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests include the dynamic penetration test. The mass of the first drop hammer is 63.5 kg, and the mass of the second drop hammer is 120 kg. The probe 2 is a conical probe 22. The conical probe 22 is driven into the formation with the first drop hammer having a free fall distance of 0.76 m. When the cumulative penetration depth is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, such as the fourth preset value can be 0.1 m, and when the cumulative number of blows is greater than a fifth preset value, such as the fifth preset value can be 50, the first drop hammer is replaced with the second drop hammer with a mass of 120 kg.

[0086] In one embodiment, the testing method includes: S8’. The formation is hammered with the second drop hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the fourth preset value. When the cumulative number of blows is less than a sixth preset value, a prompt is given to replace the second drop hammer with the first drop hammer.

[0087] Exemplarily, the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests include the dynamic penetration test. The mass of the first drop hammer is 63.5 kg, and the mass of the second drop hammer is 120 kg. The probe 2 is a conical probe 22. The conical probe 22 is driven into the formation with the second drop hammer having a free fall distance of 0.76 m. When the cumulative penetration depth is greater than or equal to a fourth preset value, such as the fourth preset value can be 0.1 m, and when the cumulative number of blows is less than a sixth preset value, such as the sixth preset value can be 5, a prompt is given to replace the second drop hammer with the first drop hammer with a mass of 63.5 kg, which is highly intelligent.

[0088] In one embodiment, S9’. When the first drop hammer or the second drop hammer hammers the formation until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the fourth preset value, the cumulative number of blows is determined as the test number of blows, or the test number of blows is calculated by multiplying the cumulative number of blows by a second coefficient.

[0089] In one embodiment, the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests include the dynamic penetration test. The mass of the first drop hammer is 63.5 kg, and the mass of the second drop hammer is 120 kg. The probe 2 is a conical probe 22. For example, when the first drop hammer or the second drop hammer hammers the formation, when the cumulative penetration depth is greater than or equal to 0.1 m, and when there is an obvious rebound sign of the first drop hammer or the second drop hammer, the hammering is stopped. At this time, the test number of blows is equal to the cumulative number of blows. When the formation is soft, the test number of blows is equal to the cumulative number of blows multiplied by a second coefficient. For example, the second coefficient is equal to 0.1 divided by the cumulative penetration depth.

[0090] It should be noted that in the dynamic penetration test, taking the hammering with the first drop hammer as an example, when the test number of blows is less than or equal to 5, the density of the sand is loose; when the test number of blows is greater than 5 and less than or equal to 10, the density of the sand is slightly dense; when the test number of blows is greater than 10 and less than or equal to 20, the density of the sand is medium dense; when the test number of blows is greater than 20, the density of the sand is dense.

[0091] It should be noted that since the dynamic penetration test cannot take soil samples for direct identification and description of the soil, the test error is relatively large and the reproducibility is poor. When using the dynamic penetration index to evaluate the engineering properties of the soil, it must be based on regional experience.

[0092] Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a test device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests. Please refer to Figure 2 , the test device 100 includes a rod 1, a probe 2, a hammering assembly 3, a data recording device 4, and a data processing device 5. The probe 2 is connected to the rod 1. Exemplarily, the probe 2 can be connected to one end of the rod 1 close to the borehole to drill the formation; the probe 2 includes a standard penetration sampler 21 and a cone penetrometer 22. The cone penetrometer 22 is divided into light, heavy, and super heavy types according to different masses. The hammering assembly 3 is arranged on the rod 1 and is used to hammer the rod 1 to move downward. Exemplarily, the hammering assembly 3 includes a drop hammer 31 and a hammer cushion 32. The drop hammer 31 is formed with a through hole penetrating the interior, and the rod 1 is located within the through hole. In this way, the drop hammer 31 can move up and down on the rod 1 to provide hammering energy; the hammer cushion 32 is fixedly arranged on the rod 1 and is located below the drop hammer 31 and is used to receive the drop hammer 31. In this way, when the drop hammer 31 rises a certain distance, such as 0.76 cm and then drops, it impacts on the hammer cushion 32, causing the rod 1 to displace downward.

[0093] The data recording device 4 is arranged on the rod 1. Exemplarily, the setting position of the data recording device 4 on the rod 1 is not limited. The data recording device 4 is used to collect the cumulative number of blows of the hammering assembly 3 and multiple displacement values for each hammer blow. In this way, after each hammer blow of the drop hammer 31 on the hammer cushion 32, the data recording device 4 records the number of hammer blows and multiple displacement values corresponding to each hammer blow. After the hammering is completed, the data recording device 4 will accumulate all the number of hammer blows to obtain the cumulative number of blows.

[0094] The data processing device 5 is communicatively connected to the data recording device 4. Exemplarily, the data processing device 5 and the data recording device 4 may be wirelessly connected. For example, they are wirelessly connected to the data processing device 5 via a wireless method such as WiFi or Bluetooth; the data processing device 5 and the data recording device 4 may also be wired connected. For example, they are wired connected via a network cable or a signal transmission line. The data processing device 5 is configured to obtain the penetration depth based on a plurality of displacement values. Exemplarily, the data processing device 5 may include a data acquisition, processing, and display device, which has three gears: standard penetration, heavy, and super-heavy dynamic penetration, and can be selected according to the test type. The acquisition function of the data processing device 5 refers to the ability to receive in real time the parameter data collected by the data recording device 4 and store and transmit the parameter data; the processing function of the data processing device 5 refers to automatically performing and calculating parameters such as the cumulative penetration depth and the cumulative number of blows according to the experimental requirements of different gears by using the test method provided in the embodiments of the present application, and determining whether the parameters meet the test end conditions; the display function of the data processing device 5 refers to that the device can be placed at the drilling site, directly display the discrimination result through a display screen, and emit an alarm sound to prompt the operator in time.

[0095] In an embodiment of the present application, a hammering assembly 3 is provided on the rod 1 to generate the power for moving the rod 1 downward; a data recording system is provided on the rod 1 to collect the cumulative number of blows of the hammering assembly 3 and a plurality of displacement values for each hammer blow. By setting a data processing system, the plurality of collected displacement values can be processed to obtain the penetration depth, so that the obtained penetration depth has high reliability and accuracy, and the cumulative penetration depth is automatically superimposed according to the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow, realizing real-time automatic processing and real-time recording of data, effectively solving the influence of human factors on the test results during the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, realizing digital real-time recording during the standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, ensuring the reliability and authenticity of the test results, and being an important link in realizing the intellectualization and digitization of engineering drilling.

[0096] In one embodiment, the data recording device 4 may also be configured to collect a plurality of acceleration values for each hammer blow of the hammering assembly 3; the data processing device 5 is configured to obtain the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow based on the plurality of acceleration values.

[0097] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2, the rod member 1 includes a guide rod 11 and a connecting rod 12, and the hammering assembly 3 is arranged on the guide rod 11. Exemplarily, a through hammer 31 and a hammer pad 32 are arranged on the guide rod 11, and a probe 2 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 12 away from the guide rod 11. The data recording device 4 is detachably arranged between the guide rod 11 and the connecting rod 12. Exemplarily, thread screw threads are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the quantity recording device, and threads are arranged on both the guide rod 11 and the connecting rod 12. The data recording device 4 is arranged between the guide rod 11 and the connecting rod 12 by screwing, so the data recording device 4 can be sold as a separate part, with high portability and strong versatility.

[0098] In one embodiment, the testing device 100 includes a bracket 6 and a lifting device 7. The lifting device 7 is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the lifting device 7 can lift the through hammer 31 by a certain distance, such as 0.76 m, and then drop it; the bracket 6 is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the rod member 1 is fixed in the drill hole through a cable, with good stability.

[0099] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the data recording device 4 includes a sound wave sensor 45 and an electronic counter 46. The sound wave sensor 45 is used to collect the sound waves generated by the hammering assembly 3, and the electronic counter 46 obtains the cumulative number of blows according to the sound wave information of the sound wave sensor 45. Exemplarily, after the through hammer 31 impacts the hammer pad 32, the sound generated by the hammering is transmitted along the rod member 1 through the hammer pad 32. After the sound wave sensor 45 receives the relevant sound wave information, the signal is then transmitted to the electronic counter 46 to record the number of hammer blows and obtain the cumulative number of blows. Using the sound wave sensor 45 and the electronic counter 46 is less affected by the test environment, has strong anti-interference ability, and the obtained cumulative number of blows is highly accurate.

[0100] In one embodiment, the data recording device 4 includes an acceleration sensor 47, which can collect multiple acceleration values corresponding to each hammer blow. In this way, the accuracy and reliability of the obtained penetration rate can be high.

[0101] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the data recording device 4 includes a housing 41, a wireless signal transmitter 48, and a wireless signal line 42. Exemplarily, the wireless signal transmitter 48 is connected to the electronic counter 46 and the acceleration sensor 47, and is used to convert the collected cumulative number of blows and acceleration values into data signals. The sound wave sensor 45, the electronic counter 46, the acceleration sensor, and the wireless signal transmitter 48 are all arranged in the housing 41. The housing 41 is made of materials such as stainless steel, can be prefabricated and assembled, is flexible and convenient to disassemble, and has reliable quality. The wireless signal line 42 is an external antenna of the wireless signal transmitter 48, and can perform short-range transmission of wireless signals within a range of 10 - 20 m. It has strong automation, can obtain data in real time, improve the efficiency of data processing, informatize the on-site data, and realize automatic recording.

[0102] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the data recording device 4 includes a power supply 49. Exemplarily, the power supply 49 is disposed within the housing 41 and can supply power for data acquisition and data transmission for more than one hour, with strong emergency response capabilities and good user experience.

[0103] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the data recording device 4 includes a reflector 43 and a laser displacement sensor 44. The reflector 43 is disposed on the ground. Exemplarily, the reflector 43 can be disposed at a drilling location, and the material of the reflector 43 can be a light-impermeable material. For example, the reflector 43 can be a photosensitive reflector 43. In some embodiments, the laser displacement sensor 44 can be mounted on the outer side of the housing 41 by means of screwing, clamping, or welding. In some embodiments, the laser displacement sensor 44 can be a finished device that can be purchased in the market according to needs and then installed on the outer shell, with high selectivity. The laser displacement sensor 44 is configured to reflect laser light to the reflector 43 and receive the laser light reflected by the reflector 43 to obtain a displacement value. In this way, by emitting laser light and receiving the reflected laser light, the distance between the laser displacement sensor 44 and the reflector 43 can be obtained in real time to obtain a displacement value, with high accuracy and strong automation.

[0104] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , the reflector 43 includes two plate bodies 431, and the plate bodies 431 are formed with mounting grooves 431a. Exemplarily, the shape of the plate bodies 431 is not limited. For example, it can be semi-circular, square, or other shapes; the shape of the mounting grooves 431a is not limited. For example, it can be semi-circular, square, or other shapes. The two plate bodies 431 are relatively buckled so that the two mounting grooves 431a are assembled to form a mounting hole 43a, and the rod member 1 is passed through the mounting hole 43a. Exemplarily, one end of the two plate members can be connected by a rotatable means such as a hinge or a bolt. Open the two plate members to separate the reflector 43, so as to facilitate placing the connecting rod 12 into the mounting groove 431a, and then close the two plate members so that the rod member 1 is located within the assembled mounting hole 43a, which is convenient, efficient, and easy to implement.

[0105] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application are all included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A testing method for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, characterized in that, the testing method includes: obtaining multiple displacement values for each hammer blow within a set time at a preset frequency; based on the multiple displacement values, determining the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow, wherein the minimum value of the multiple displacement values for each hammer blow is used as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow; accumulating all the hammer blow counts to obtain the cumulative blow count, and accumulating all the penetration depths to obtain the cumulative penetration depth; determining the test blow count based on the cumulative penetration depth and the cumulative blow count.

2. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the testing method includes: obtaining multiple acceleration values for each hammer blow within the set time at the preset frequency; determining the penetration rate corresponding to each hammer blow based on the multiple acceleration values.

3. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, obtaining the displacement values through a laser displacement sensor; and / or, obtaining the cumulative blow count through an acoustic wave sensor and an electronic counter.

4. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the testing method includes: first performing a pre-drilling stage, hammering the formation with a first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a first preset value, and accumulating all the hammer blow counts in the pre-drilling stage as the pre-blow count; then performing a test stage, hammering the formation with the first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a second preset value, and accumulating all the hammer blow counts in the pre-drilling stage and the test stage to obtain the cumulative blow count, wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value.

5. The testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the cumulative penetration depth reaches the second preset value and the cumulative blow count is less than or equal to a third preset value, the test blow count is the difference between the cumulative blow count and the pre-blow count.

6. The testing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, when the cumulative penetration depth is not greater than the second preset value and the cumulative blow count is greater than the third preset value, the test blow count is calculated by multiplying the difference between the cumulative blow count and the pre-blow count by a first coefficient.

7. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the testing method includes: hammering the formation with a first core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a fourth preset value, and when the cumulative blow count is greater than a fifth preset value, prompting to replace the first core hammer with a second core hammer.

8. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the testing method includes: hammering the formation with a second core hammer until the cumulative penetration depth reaches a fourth preset value, and when the cumulative blow count is less than a sixth preset value, prompting to replace the second core hammer with a first core hammer.

9. The testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the first core hammer or the second core hammer hammers the formation until the cumulative penetration depth reaches the fourth preset value, determining the cumulative blow count as the test blow count, or calculating the test blow count by multiplying the cumulative blow count by a second coefficient.

10. A testing device for standard penetration and dynamic penetration tests, characterized in that, it includes: a rod; a probe head, connected to the rod; a hammering assembly, arranged on the rod, and the hammering assembly is used to hammer the rod to move downward; a data recording device, arranged on the rod, and the data recording device is used to collect the cumulative number of blows of the hammering assembly and multiple displacement values for each hammer blow; a data processing device, communicatively connected to the data recording device, and the data processing device is used to obtain the penetration depth based on multiple displacement values, wherein the minimum value among the multiple displacement values for each hammer blow is used as the penetration depth corresponding to each hammer blow.

11. The testing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, the data recording device includes: an acoustic wave sensor, used to collect the acoustic waves generated by the hammering assembly; an electronic counter, which obtains the cumulative number of blows according to the acoustic wave information of the acoustic wave sensor.

12. The testing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, the data recording device includes: a reflector, arranged on the ground; a laser displacement sensor, which is used to emit laser light to the reflector and receive the laser light reflected by the reflector to obtain the displacement value.

13. The testing device according to claim 12, characterized in that, the reflector includes two plate bodies, the plate bodies are formed with installation grooves, and the two plate bodies are buckled relative to each other so that the two installation grooves are spliced to form an installation hole, and the rod passes through the installation hole.

14. The testing device according to claim 10, characterized in that, the rod includes a guide rod and a connecting rod, the hammering assembly is arranged on the guide rod, and the data recording device is detachably arranged between the guide rod and the connecting rod.

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