A gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption

Abstract

The present invention proposes a gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption, including a buffering and shock absorption assembly, which includes a first buffer assembly, a bottom buffer assembly and an emergency brake assembly; wherein the emergency brake assembly is connected to the top of the gravity assembly, and is used for emergency braking when the gravity assembly falls over; the first buffer assembly is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the ground; the bottom buffer assembly is located at the bottom of the gravity assembly, and is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the shaft. The gravity compressed air energy storage system proposed in this embodiment can effectively cope with any operating conditions, while maintaining stability to the greatest extent and effectively reducing the impact range of extreme hazards, ensuring safe and stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air energy storage, and in particular to a gravity-compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption. Background Art

[0002] The gravity compressed air energy storage system converts excess electrical energy into gravitational potential energy through an air compressor, and converts gravitational potential energy into electrical energy during peak power consumption periods through an air pressure generator. Specifically, when storing energy, the compressed air energy storage system consumes electricity to compress air and store it in the air storage chamber, which lifts the gravity pressure blocks. When releasing energy, high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, and the gravity pressure blocks descend along with the air storage chamber roof. The operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system is in a complex environment. When the heavy blocks and towers above the ground are subjected to adverse factors such as wind loads and seismic loads, serious consequences and immeasurable damage may occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption, based on the principle of layer-by-layer relief, firstly, the emergency brake assembly is used to emergency brake the gravity blocks on the top layer of the gravity assembly to reduce the impact load, and secondly, the first buffer assembly and the bottom buffer assembly work together to offset most of the impact loads of the gravity blocks, thereby reducing the impact on the shaft foundation; in addition, the block buffer pads between the gravity blocks can effectively alleviate the reverse force of the foundation on the gravity blocks, thereby reducing the degree of damage to the gravity blocks as much as possible. The gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment can effectively cope with any operating conditions, while maintaining stability to the greatest extent and effectively reducing the impact range of extreme hazards, thereby ensuring safe and stable operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption, comprising:

[0006] a vertical shaft, wherein a gravity assembly is movably inserted into the vertical shaft, a gap is defined between an outer wall of the gravity assembly and an inner wall of the vertical shaft, a sealing membrane is disposed in the gap, and the sealing membrane is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that an air storage chamber is enclosed by the sealing membrane, a space of the vertical shaft below the sealing membrane, and the gravity assembly; and

[0007] A buffer and shock-absorbing assembly; comprising a first buffer assembly, a bottom buffer assembly and an emergency brake assembly; wherein the emergency brake assembly is connected to the top of the gravity assembly and is used for emergency braking when the gravity assembly tips over; the first buffer assembly is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the ground; the bottom buffer assembly is located at the bottom of the gravity assembly and is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the shaft.

[0008] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing assembly, and includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks stacked in a vertical direction; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the vertical shaft and its outer wall is connected to the sealing membrane; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first buffer assembly includes a pressure block buffer pad, a surface buffer member and a lateral buffer member; wherein the pressure block buffer pad includes multiple ones; they are arranged between the upper and lower adjacent gravity pressure blocks to eliminate the contact load between the gravity pressure blocks; the surface buffer member is located between the top of the pressure-bearing assembly and the ground around the shaft to eliminate the impact load between the pressure-bearing assembly and the ground around the shaft; the lateral buffer member is arranged around the gravity assembly to offset the contact load around the gravity assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the surface buffer includes a top support and a bottom support arranged opposite to each other and a pressure spring connected between the top support and the bottom support, an upper center connecting rod is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the top support; a lower center connecting rod is provided in the middle of the top surface of the bottom support, and the upper center connecting rod and the lower center connecting rod are both located in the middle of the pressure spring; a sliding hole arranged in the vertical direction is opened in the middle of the top end surface of the lower center connecting rod, and the bottom end of the upper center connecting rod moves up and down along the sliding hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, an upper annular protective ring is provided on the bottom surface of the top support, and a lower annular protective ring is provided on the surface of the bottom support, and the lower annular protective ring is sleeved in the upper annular protective ring; the pressure spring is located in the lower annular protective ring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the bottom buffer assembly includes a plurality of support columns arranged at the bottom of the gravity assembly and a pressure head member arranged at the top of the support column; wherein the bottom of the support column is connected to the bottom of the shaft; and the pressure head member extends into the groove at the bottom of the gravity assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the vertical shaft and the pressure-bearing base is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft by the pressure-bearing base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guide device, which includes a guide groove and a spring guide wheel; wherein a plurality of guide grooves are provided, and the plurality of guide grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or the outside of the vertical shaft; the spring guide wheel cooperates with the guide groove and is connected to the bottom of the guide groove, so that the spring guide wheel moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down; a lateral buffer is provided on the side of the guide groove away from the spring guide wheel, and the lateral buffer includes a buffer sponge pad.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of tower structures are provided on the ground around the top of the shaft, and the plurality of guide grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

[0016] In some embodiments, the spring guide wheels are provided on the peripheral sides of the plurality of gravity pressure blocks; the spring guide wheels cooperate with the guide grooves on the tower structure and are located between the gravity pressure blocks and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressure blocks; and the buffer sponge pads are provided between the guide grooves and the tower structure.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 1 is a structural diagram of a gravity compressed air energy storage system proposed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral buffer member provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom buffer assembly proposed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface buffer member provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] In the figure, 1. gravity pressure block; 2. tower structure; 3. guide device; 4. pressure base; 5. buffer sponge pad; 6. emergency brake assembly; 7. soil layer; 8. sealing membrane; 9. bottom buffer assembly; 10. pressure cylinder; 11. air storage chamber; 12. vertical shaft; 13. steel lining; 14. surface buffer; 141. top support; 142. bottom support; 143. pressure spring; 144. angle steel; 145. upper center connecting rod; 146. lower center connecting rod; 147. upper annular protection ring; 148. lower annular protection ring; 15. pressure block buffer pad; 16. spring guide wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 It is a gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption proposed in one embodiment of the present invention, including a vertical shaft 12 and a buffering and shock absorption component; wherein the vertical shaft 12 is dug downward in the soil layer 7, and a gravity component is movably inserted in the vertical shaft 12. There is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, and a sealing membrane 8 is provided in the gap. The sealing membrane 8 is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, so that the sealing membrane 8, the space below the sealing membrane 8 of the vertical shaft 12, and the gravity component form an air storage chamber 11.

[0026] In addition, the gravity-compressed air energy storage system also includes an air compression unit, an air expansion unit, and a generator. The air compression unit inlet is connected to an air intake device, the air compression unit outlet is connected to the inlet of the air storage chamber 11 via an energy storage pipeline, the outlet of the air storage chamber 11 is connected to the inlet of the air expansion unit via an energy release pipeline, and the outlet of the air expansion unit is connected to the generator. A heat exchange unit is provided between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline. The exemplary air compression unit can be equipped with several stages of air compressors according to actual needs; the air expansion unit can be equipped with several stages of expanders according to actual needs.

[0027] The energy release pipeline is equipped with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and a regulating valve. The flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the regulating valve are respectively connected to the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, which can monitor and control the key parameters of the system in real time.

[0028] When the gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment is in operation:

[0029] During the off-peak period of the power grid, the gravity compressed air energy storage system stores energy. The energy release pipeline is closed and the energy storage pipeline is opened. Air enters the air compression unit through the air intake device and is compressed to become compressed air. The heat generated is stored in the heat exchange unit. The compressed air enters the air storage chamber 11 through the energy storage pipeline. The volume of the air storage chamber 11 increases, and the gravity pressing block 1 is lifted by the constant pressure of the compressed air, converting the electrical energy into compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressing block 1.

[0030] During the peak period of power consumption in the power grid, the compressed air energy storage system releases energy, opens the energy release pipeline, closes the energy storage pipeline, the gravity pressure block 1 descends, the volume of the air storage chamber 11 decreases, and the compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit. It then enters the air expansion unit through the energy release pipeline to perform work at constant pressure and drive the generator to generate electricity, converting the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressure block 1 into electrical energy.

[0031] In some embodiments, the buffer and shock-absorbing assembly includes a first buffer assembly, a bottom buffer assembly 9 and an emergency brake assembly 6, wherein the emergency brake assembly 6 is connected to the top of the gravity assembly and is used for emergency braking when the gravity assembly tilts; the first buffer assembly is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the ground; the bottom buffer assembly 9 is located at the bottom of the gravity assembly, which is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the shaft 12; the emergency brake assembly 6 can be understood as a crane with a braking device, that is, the crane is connected to the upper layer of the gravity assembly by a lifting rope, and the upper end of the lifting rope is provided with a braking device near the crane.

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a gravity compressed air energy storage system with comprehensive buffering and shock absorption, which can effectively cope with any operating conditions, while maintaining stability to the greatest extent and effectively reducing the impact range of extreme hazards, ensuring safe and stable operation. For example, in the initial operation stage of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, through the combined action of the first buffer assembly and the bottom buffer assembly 9, the gravity load of the thousand-ton gravity pressure block 1 on the foundation of the shaft 12 is effectively shared, reducing the strength requirements of the foundation of the shaft 12; during the air intake process of the air storage chamber 11, the first buffer assembly is relied on to adjust the operating posture of the gravity pressure block 1 while offsetting part of the contact load between the gravity pressure block 1 and the peripheral contact device. If an extreme situation occurs, such as the falling of the gravity pressure block 1, based on the principle of layer-by-layer relief, the emergency brake assembly 6 is first used to emergency brake the gravity pressure block 1 on the top layer of the gravity assembly to reduce the impact load. Secondly, under the joint action of the first buffer assembly and the bottom buffer assembly 9, most of the impact load of the gravity pressure block 1 is offset, reducing the degree of impact on the foundation of the shaft 12. The gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment can effectively cope with any operating conditions, while maintaining stability to the greatest extent and effectively reducing the impact range of extreme hazards, ensuring safe and stable operation.

[0033] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing assembly; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the vertical shaft 12 and its outer wall is connected to the sealing membrane 8; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12; wherein the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in layers in the vertical direction, and the center of gravity of the plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 is always in the same vertical direction.

[0034] Specific examples Figure 1 As shown, the gravity assembly is divided into an above-ground gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly, wherein the bottom end of the gravity assembly extends into the interior of the vertical shaft 12 and the sealing membrane 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing assembly, while the gravity block group is located outside the vertical shaft 12. When realizing large energy storage, there is no need to concentrate all the gravity pressure blocks 1 in the vertical shaft 12, which can reduce the height of the vertical shaft 12 and greatly reduce the excavation workload and engineering difficulty of the vertical shaft 12.

[0035] In addition, the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in the vertical direction. By arranging the gravity block group into a plurality of stacked gravity pressure blocks 1, the weight of each gravity pressure block 1 is reduced, and the difficulty of lifting is reduced while meeting the large energy storage. During the lifting construction process, the pressure-bearing component is first lifted into the vertical shaft 12, and the upper end of the pressure-bearing component is supported on the ground around the vertical shaft 12, and then the gravity pressure blocks 1 are lifted layer by layer on the top of the pressure-bearing component.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4; the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the vertical shaft 12 and the pressure-bearing base 4 is set on the top; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12 by the pressure-bearing base 4.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4, wherein the bottom end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the interior of the vertical shaft 12, and the sealing membrane 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, and the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12 and is connected to the pressure-bearing base 4, and a plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 stacked in layers in the vertical direction are arranged above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that the center of gravity of the plurality of gravity pressure blocks 1 is always in the same vertical direction.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first buffer assembly includes a pressure block buffer pad 15, a surface buffer 14 and a lateral buffer; Figure 2As shown, the pressure block buffer pads 15 include multiple ones; a pressure block buffer pad 15 is set between the upper and lower adjacent gravity pressure blocks 1 to eliminate the contact load between the gravity pressure blocks 1; the surface buffer member 14 is located between the bottom of the pressure-bearing base 4 and the ground around the shaft 12 to eliminate the impact load between the pressure-bearing assembly and the ground around the shaft 12; the lateral buffer member is set around the gravity assembly to offset the contact load around the gravity assembly.

[0039] Specific examples Figure 4 As shown, the surface buffer 14 includes a top support 141 and a bottom support 142 arranged opposite to each other and a pressure spring 143 connected between the top support 141 and the bottom support 142. An upper center link 145 is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the top support 141; a lower center link 146 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the bottom support 142, and the upper center link 145 and the lower center link 146 are both located in the middle of the pressure spring 143; a sliding hole arranged in the vertical direction is opened in the middle of the top end surface of the lower center link 146, and the bottom end of the upper center link 145 moves up and down along the sliding hole.

[0040] It can be understood that the upper center link 145 is limited by the lower center link 146 by the upper center link 145 by moving up and down in the sliding hole in the lower center link 146. Since the top and bottom ends of the pressure spring 143 are respectively connected to the top support 141 and the bottom support 142, the pressure spring 143 can push the top support 141 upward under the action of the elastic force. Under the downward action of the gravity component, a certain force is applied to the top support 141, and the pressure spring 143 is compressed for buffering. The upper center link 145 slides downward in the sliding hole in the lower center link 146 until the pressure spring 143 is compressed to the limit. In this embodiment, the buffering effect of the gravity component is achieved through multiple surface buffers 14.

[0041] In some embodiments, an upper annular protective ring 147 is provided on the bottom surface of the top support 141, and a lower annular protective ring 148 is provided on the surface of the bottom support 142. The lower annular protective ring 148 is sleeved in the upper annular protective ring 147, and the pressure spring 143 is located in the lower annular protective ring 148. The outer diameter of the lower annular protective ring 148 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper annular protective ring 147. It is understood that when the pressure spring 143 pushes the support 141 to its highest position, a portion of the top of the lower annular protection ring 148 is located inside the upper annular protection ring 147, so that when the pressure spring 143 is compressed downward, the upper annular protection ring 147 is ensured to be sleeved on the outside of the lower annular protection ring 148 as the support 141 moves downward, and to move in contact with the inner wall of the lower annular protection ring 148, so that the upper annular protection ring 147 cannot move downward any further. In this embodiment, the limiting effect of the lower annular protection ring 148 can constrain the compression direction of the pressure spring 143 and prevent foreign matter from entering the surface buffer 14, causing it to malfunction. Preferably, in this embodiment, the surface buffer 14 can be provided with an angle steel 144 to be anchored to the ground or other fixing devices on the ground to achieve fixation of the surface buffer 14 and ensure that the surface buffer 14 can dampen and buffer the gravity component in the vertical direction.

[0042] In some embodiments, the bottom buffer assembly 9 includes a plurality of support columns arranged at the bottom of the gravity assembly such as Figure 3 As shown, for example, the support columns may include four in the vertical direction, wherein the bottom of the vertical shaft 12 at the bottom end of the four support columns is connected, and the top thereof extends upward and a pressure head is provided at the end; wherein a groove is provided at the bottom of the gravity component and is recessed into the interior of the gravity component, and in the initial stage of operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, that is, when the gravity component is at the lowest limit of operation, the pressure head is inserted into the groove.

[0043] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guide device 3, which includes a guide groove (not shown) and a spring guide wheel 16; wherein a plurality of guide grooves are provided, and the plurality of guide grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12; the spring guide wheel 16 cooperates with the guide groove and is connected to the bottom of the guide groove, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the spring guide wheel 16 moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove, and a lateral buffer is provided on the side of the guide groove away from the spring guide wheel 16, and the lateral buffer includes a buffer sponge pad 5.

[0044] Specifically, multiple guide grooves are provided, distributed around the gravity assembly, and are located on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12. In other words, the guide grooves can be located inside or outside the shaft 12. Multiple spring guide wheels 16 are provided, each mounted on the gravity assembly via a rotating shaft. The spring guide wheels 16 are connected to the bottom of the guide grooves, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the spring guide wheels 16 move up and down along the bottom of the guide grooves.

[0045] It can be understood that when the gravity assembly is located in the vertical shaft 12 and moves during the energy storage process, a plurality of guide grooves can be provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12. For example, four guide grooves can be provided, and the four guide grooves can be provided at equal angles on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12. When the spring guide wheel 16 is in contact with the bottom of the guide groove, not only can the guide groove be used for limiting, but the guide groove cooperates with the spring guide wheel 16 to constrain the movement direction of the gravity assembly and when the gravity pressure block 1 tilts in its operating posture, the operating posture of the gravity pressure block 1 is adjusted while offsetting part of the contact load between the spring guide wheel 16 along the guide groove. At the same time, the gravity assembly moves vertically upward or downward along the guide groove at a certain rate. Lubricant, such as butter or graphite, is regularly added to the contact position between the guide groove and the spring guide wheel 16 to reduce friction and improve the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy.

[0046] It should be explained here that only the force perpendicular to the spring guide wheel 16 can cause the spring of the spring guide wheel 16 to contract, that is, the force along the axial direction of the spring causes the spring to contract. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the horizontal direction, the pressure of the middle gravity pressing block 1 against the spring guide wheel 16 can cause the spring to contract, while in the vertical direction, the gravity pressing block 1 will not cause the spring of the spring guide wheel 16 to contract when moving up and down.

[0047] In addition, there is another possibility that multiple tower structures 2 are set on the ground outside the top of the vertical shaft 12, and the multiple tower structures 2 are distributed around the vertical shaft 12, and multiple guide grooves are respectively installed on the multiple tower structures 2, that is, four tower structures 2 can be set, and then the four guide grooves are set on the four tower structures 2 outside the vertical shaft 12. During the energy storage process, part of the gravity component is located outside the vertical shaft 12, and part is located inside the vertical shaft 12. The outer wall of the gravity component inside the vertical shaft 12 and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 are sealed and connected by a sealing membrane 8.

[0048] For example, a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 are provided with guide devices 3 on their circumferences. The guide grooves are installed on the circumferences of the gravity pressing blocks 1 and are located between the gravity pressing blocks 1 and the tower structure 2 opposite to the gravity pressing blocks 1. A buffer sponge pad 5 is provided between the tower structure 2 and the guide grooves, that is, the buffer sponge pad 5 is provided between the guide grooves and the tower structure 2. A gap is reserved between the outer wall of the gravity pressing block 1 and the inner wall of the tower, such as Figure 1 The multiple spring guide wheels 16 shown are respectively arranged on the peripheral side of the gravity block group and the peripheral side of the outer wall of the top end of the pressure tube 10, so that the ground gravity block group and the pressure tube 10 can move up and down along the guide groove through the spring guide wheels 16 during the up and down movement.

[0049] In some embodiments, a steel lining 13 is provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, and the sealing membrane 8 is connected to the inner wall of the steel lining 13. By providing the steel lining 13, the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 can be ensured to be a smooth wall surface, and since the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is also a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates and also has a smooth outer wall structure, when the sealing membrane 8 is fixed on the steel lining 13 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, the sealing performance of the sealing membrane 8 can be improved, and the installation of the sealing membrane 8 is facilitated.

[0050] The provision of the steel lining 13 can improve the sealing performance of the connection with the sealing membrane 8 .

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that the pressure tube 10 is filled with sand.

[0052] It is understood that the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can be a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates with a hollow interior. The reduced weight facilitates lifting. In addition, filling the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 with sand can increase the gravity of the stored energy. As mentioned above, the groove is opened at the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, but the provision of the groove does not affect the sealing performance of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10.

[0053] The present invention closely combines the layout characteristics of the gravity compressed air energy storage system and proposes a comprehensive gravity compressed air energy storage system buffer device, which can effectively cope with any operating conditions. For example, in the initial situation, through the combined action of the bottom buffer assembly 9 and the surface buffer 14, the gravity load of the thousand-ton gravity pressure block 1 on the foundation is effectively shared, reducing the foundation strength requirement; during the air intake process of the air storage chamber 11, the spring guide wheel 16 is used to adjust the operating posture of the gravity pressure block 1 while offsetting part of the contact load between the spring guide wheel 16 and the guide groove; in addition, a buffer sponge pad 5 is arranged between the guide groove and the tower structure 2, which can further offset the contact load between the spring guide wheel 16 and the guide groove and enhance the support strength of the guide groove; if the gravity pressure block 1 falls, the emergency brake assembly 6 is first used to emergency brake the gravity pressure block 1 on the top layer of the gravity assembly to reduce the impact load, and secondly, under the joint action of the first buffer assembly and the bottom buffer assembly 9, most of the impact load of the gravity pressure block 1 is offset, reducing the impact on the foundation of the shaft 12. In addition, the compression block buffer pad 15 can effectively alleviate the reverse force of the foundation on the gravity compression block 1, thereby reducing the degree of damage to the gravity compression block 1 as much as possible.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0055] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0056] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity compressed air energy storage system based on comprehensive buffering and shock absorption, characterized in that: include: a vertical shaft, wherein a gravity assembly is movably inserted into the vertical shaft, a gap is defined between an outer wall of the gravity assembly and an inner wall of the vertical shaft, a sealing membrane is disposed in the gap, and the sealing membrane is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that an air storage chamber is enclosed by the sealing membrane, a space of the vertical shaft below the sealing membrane, and the gravity assembly; The gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; The gravity block group is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing component, and includes a plurality of gravity pressure blocks stacked in a vertical direction; the bottom of the pressure-bearing component extends into the vertical shaft and the outer wall thereof is connected to the sealing membrane; the top of the pressure-bearing component is located on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft; and Buffering and shock-absorbing assembly; it includes a first buffer assembly, a bottom buffer assembly and an emergency brake assembly; wherein the emergency brake assembly is connected to the top of the gravity assembly and is used for emergency braking when the gravity assembly tilts; the first buffer assembly is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the ground; the bottom buffer assembly is located at the bottom of the gravity assembly, and is used to eliminate the impact load of the gravity assembly on the shaft; the first buffer assembly includes a pressure block buffer pad, a surface buffer and a lateral buffer; wherein the pressure block buffer pad includes a plurality of; it is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent gravity pressure blocks, for eliminating the contact load between the gravity pressure blocks; the surface buffer is located between the top of the pressure-bearing assembly and the ground around the shaft, for eliminating the impact load between the pressure-bearing assembly and the ground around the shaft; the lateral buffer is arranged on the side of the gravity assembly to offset the contact load on the side of the gravity assembly.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface buffer includes a top support and a bottom support arranged opposite to each other and a pressure spring connected between the top support and the bottom support, an upper center connecting rod is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the top support; a lower center connecting rod is provided in the middle of the top surface of the bottom support, and the upper center connecting rod and the lower center connecting rod are both located in the middle of the pressure spring; a sliding hole arranged in the vertical direction is opened in the middle of the top end surface of the lower center connecting rod, and the bottom end of the upper center connecting rod moves up and down along the sliding hole.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper annular protection ring is provided on the bottom surface of the top support, a lower annular protection ring is provided on the surface of the bottom support, and the lower annular protection ring is sleeved in the upper annular protection ring; the pressure spring is located in the lower annular protection ring.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom buffer assembly includes a plurality of support columns arranged at the bottom of the gravity assembly and a pressure head member arranged at the top of the support columns; wherein the bottom of the support columns is connected to the bottom of the shaft; and the pressure head member extends into the groove at the bottom of the gravity assembly.

5. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the vertical shaft and the pressure-bearing base is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves downward to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft by the pressure-bearing base.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy storage system includes a guide device, which includes a guide groove and a spring guide wheel; wherein the guide groove is provided in plurality, and the plurality of guide grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or on the outside of the vertical shaft; the spring guide wheel cooperates with the guide groove and is connected to the groove bottom of the guide groove, so that the spring guide wheel moves up and down along the groove bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down; a lateral buffer is provided on the side of the guide groove away from the spring guide wheel, and the lateral buffer includes a buffer sponge pad.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of tower structures are arranged on the ground around the top of the shaft, and a plurality of the guide grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spring guide wheels are arranged on the peripheral sides of the plurality of gravity pressure blocks; the spring guide wheels cooperate with the guide grooves on the tower structure and are located between the gravity pressure blocks and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressure blocks; and the buffer sponge pads are arranged between the guide grooves and the tower structure.

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