A method and system for detecting transformer winding deformation based on magnetic flux leakage field distribution

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of detection method and system of transformer winding deformation based on magnetic leakage field distribution, comprising: based on magnetic circuit coupling theory, electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating transformer electromagnetic field is constructed;According to electromagnetic field acquisition system, generate transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution diagram, and magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity variation curve;Based on electromagnetic field acquisition system, simulate primary short-circuit impact working condition, obtain theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity;According to transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution diagram, magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity variation curve, theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity, obtain the measuring point position for measuring the magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity in transformer interior;By the measured magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity of the measuring point position corresponding to target transformer of acquisition.Theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity and measured magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity are used to detect whether the deformation of transformer winding occurs;The application realizes the technical effect of real-time measurement of transformer winding deformation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transformer winding deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a detection method and system for transformer winding deformation based on magnetic leakage field distribution. BACKGROUND

[0002] The transformer is the "conversion hub" of the power system, and its stable and reliable operation significantly affects the operation efficiency of the power system. With the development of the power industry, the voltage level of the transmission line is increased, and the capacity of a single transformer is also increasing. When a transformer suddenly short-circuits, the internal magnetic leakage field will rapidly increase, and the short-circuit current will reach tens of times the rated operating value, so that a large amount of heat is generated in the winding in a short time, the insulation material is deteriorated, and the winding will also produce irreversible deformation under the huge short-circuit force. The winding deformation has the characteristics of concealment and gradual change, therefore, in order to predict transformer hazards, achieve early prevention of faults, and prolong the service life of the transformer, it is of great significance to study the degree of winding deformation and its characteristic description.

[0003] At present, the methods commonly used and researched at home and abroad to diagnose the winding deformation of the transformer mainly include the low-voltage pulse method, the frequency response method, and the short-circuit impedance method.

[0004] The low-voltage pulse method has the defects of poor anti-interference ability and poor repeatability in actual use. Although it is continuously developed and can achieve a certain degree of judgment of the deformation degree after applying wavelet analysis technology, it still needs rich experience to analyze and summarize the deformation condition. The frequency response method needs to monitor after the transformer ends operation, which reduces the detection efficiency. The short-circuit impedance method is simple in evaluation and test method, and it is clearly specified in IEC and national standards that when the measured value deviates from the set range, the fault can be obviously shown and the danger degree can be evaluated. However, the disadvantage of this method is the weak sensitivity to slight deformation. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the existing technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a detection method and system for transformer winding deformation based on magnetic leakage field distribution, which is used to solve the problem of diagnosis and monitoring in the process of transformer winding deformation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present application provides a detection method for transformer winding deformation based on magnetic leakage field distribution, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory, an electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer is constructed;

[0008] According to the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution map and a magnetic induction intensity change curve of the magnetic leakage field are generated;

[0009] Based on the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a primary short-circuit impact working condition is simulated, and a theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is obtained;

[0010] According to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, and the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, a measurement point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer is obtained;

[0011] By collecting the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the corresponding measurement point position of the target transformer, wherein the target transformer is used to represent the transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured;

[0012] Based on the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, it is detected whether the transformer winding has deformed.

[0013] Preferably, in the process of generating the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, by setting a plurality of measurement points for detecting the leakage magnetic field distribution inside the transformer, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of each measurement point changing with time is collected, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve corresponding to each measurement point is generated.

[0014] Preferably, in the process of constructing the electromagnetic field acquisition system,

[0015] A geometric model of the target transformer is built, and an electromagnetic field acquisition system is built based on the actual parameters and component structure of the target transformer, wherein the coil unit of the electromagnetic field acquisition system is coupled with the coil unit in the equivalent circuit, and is used to simulate the relationship between the transformer internal field and the road;

[0016] The component structure of the target transformer includes a core, a winding, a pad, a pressing plate, and a clamp.

[0017] Preferably, in the process of generating the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve,

[0018] The electromagnetic field acquisition system is meshed and the solution region and boundary conditions are added;

[0019] After setting the start and end time and the simulation step, the simulation solution is performed, and the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve are generated.

[0020] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the measurement point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer, according to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, the distribution law of the leakage magnetic field inside the transformer is analyzed, and the measurement point position is obtained according to the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0021] Preferably, in the process of collecting the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, the electromagnetic field acquisition system is composed of four parts, including:

[0022] A transformer for bearing a short-circuit impact, and generating a leakage magnetic field inside the transformer;

[0023] A leakage magnetic field sensor for measuring the magnetic induction intensity of the leakage magnetic field according to the measuring point position;

[0024] A transmission line for transmitting the signal measured by the leakage magnetic field sensor;

[0025] A data processing device for processing the transmission signal to generate a leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity waveform.

[0026] Preferably, in the process of detecting whether the transformer winding is deformed, the deviation between the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is obtained, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding is in good condition, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity continues to be measured;

[0027] If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has obvious deformation and has safety hazards;

[0028] If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has obvious deformation, and the winding structure has been damaged.

[0029] Preferably, in the process of detecting whether the transformer winding is deformed, the deviation is represented as:

[0030] B / B0-1

[0031] Wherein, B0 represents the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and B represents the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0032] The application also provides a transformer winding deformation detection system based on leakage magnetic field distribution, comprising:

[0033] A theoretical data acquisition module for constructing an electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory; generating a transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and a leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve according to the electromagnetic field acquisition system; and obtaining a theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity based on the electromagnetic field acquisition system under the simulation of a primary short-circuit impact condition;

[0034] A measuring point position positioning module for obtaining the measuring point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer according to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve and the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity;

[0035] A measured data acquisition module for acquiring the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the corresponding measuring point position of the target transformer, wherein the target transformer is used to represent the transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured;

[0036] The diagnostic detection module is configured to detect whether the transformer winding is deformed based on the theoretical magnetic induction intensity of the leakage magnetic field and the measured magnetic induction intensity of the leakage magnetic field.

[0037] Preferably, the detection system further comprises:

[0038] The display module is configured to display the position of the measuring point and a leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity waveform of the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the position of the measuring point.

[0039] The early warning module is configured to generate an early warning signal according to the deviation between the theoretical magnetic induction intensity of the leakage magnetic field and the measured magnetic induction intensity of the leakage magnetic field, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding is in good condition, and no early warning signal is generated.

[0040] If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has produced obvious deformation and has safety hazards, and an early warning signal is generated.

[0041] If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has produced obvious deformation, and the winding structure has been damaged, and an early warning signal is generated.

[0042] The present application discloses the following technical effects:

[0043] The present application establishes a transformer electromagnetic simulation model, determines the installation scheme of the internal leakage magnetic sensor of the real transformer based on the simulation results of the leakage magnetic field, and verifies the accuracy of the simulation model according to the measurement results of the real single short-circuit impact under various conditions such as high-to-low, high-to-low and medium-to-low.

[0044] The present application installs the leakage magnetic sensor in the real transformer, monitors the internal leakage magnetic field in real time, obtains the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity measurement data of the leakage magnetic measuring point under each impact, compares the working conditions of the set transformer model, and obtains the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity simulation data of the measuring point under the corresponding working conditions.

[0045] The present application analyzes the deviation relationship between the actual measurement value and the simulation value after eliminating the current influence, and realizes the diagnostic analysis of the deformation degree of the transformer winding.

[0046] The deformation diagnostic method provided by the present application realizes online monitoring of the deformation of the transformer winding, and the change of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is real-time, that is, real-time measurement can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0048] Fig. 1 The flow chart of the transformer winding deformation degree diagnosis and detection method based on the change of the magnetic flux leakage field distribution is shown in the present application.

[0049] Fig. 2 The installation position of the magnetic flux leakage sensor is shown in the present application.

[0050] Fig. 3 The schematic diagram of the magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity distribution is shown in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] As shown in Figs. 1-3 The present application provides a transformer winding deformation detection method based on the magnetic flux leakage field distribution, which comprises the following steps:

[0053] Based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory, an electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer is constructed;

[0054] According to the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a transformer internal magnetic flux leakage field distribution map and a magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity change curve are generated;

[0055] Based on the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a primary short-circuit impact working condition is simulated to obtain a theoretical magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity;

[0056] According to the transformer internal magnetic flux leakage field distribution map, the magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity change curve and the theoretical magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity, a measuring point position for measuring the magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer is obtained;

[0057] The measured magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity of the corresponding measuring point position of the target transformer is acquired, wherein the target transformer is used to represent the transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured;

[0058] Based on the theoretical magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity and the measured magnetic flux leakage field magnetic induction intensity, whether the transformer winding has deformed is detected.

[0059] Preferably, in the process of generating the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, by setting a plurality of measuring points for detecting the leakage magnetic field distribution inside the transformer, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of each measuring point changing over time is collected, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve corresponding to each measuring point is generated.

[0060] Preferably, in the process of constructing the electromagnetic field acquisition system,

[0061] A geometric model of the target transformer is built, and the electromagnetic field acquisition system is built based on the actual parameters and the component structure of the target transformer, wherein the coil unit of the electromagnetic field acquisition system is coupled with the coil unit in the equivalent circuit for simulating the relationship between the field and the path inside the transformer.

[0062] The component structure of the target transformer includes a core, a winding, a pad, a pressing plate, and a clamp.

[0063] Preferably, in the process of generating the leakage magnetic field distribution map inside the transformer and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve,

[0064] The electromagnetic field acquisition system is meshed and the solution region and boundary conditions are added;

[0065] After setting the start and end time and the simulation step, the simulation solution is performed to generate the leakage magnetic field distribution map inside the transformer and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve.

[0066] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the measuring point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer, the distribution law of the leakage magnetic field inside the transformer is analyzed according to the leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, and the measuring point position is obtained according to the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0067] Preferably, in the process of collecting the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, the electromagnetic field acquisition system is composed of four parts, including:

[0068] The transformer is used to withstand short-circuit impact and generate a leakage magnetic field inside the transformer.

[0069] The leakage magnetic sensor is used to measure the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity according to the measuring point position.

[0070] The transmission line is used to transmit the signal measured by the leakage magnetic sensor.

[0071] The data processing device is used to process the transmission signal to generate the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity waveform.

[0072] Preferably, in the process of detecting whether the transformer winding is deformed, the deviation of the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is obtained, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding is in good condition, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity continues to be measured;

[0073] If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has obvious deformation, and there is a safety hazard;

[0074] If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has obvious deformation, and the winding structure has been damaged.

[0075] Preferably, in the process of detecting whether the transformer winding is deformed, the deviation is represented as:

[0076] B / B0-1

[0077] Wherein, B0 represents the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and B represents the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0078] The application also provides a transformer winding deformation detection system based on leakage magnetic field distribution, comprising:

[0079] A theoretical data acquisition module is configured to construct an electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory, generate a transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and a leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve according to the electromagnetic field acquisition system, and obtain the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity based on the electromagnetic field acquisition system under the simulation of a primary short-circuit impact condition.

[0080] A measurement point position positioning module is configured to obtain the measurement point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer according to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve and the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0081] A measured data acquisition module is configured to acquire the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the corresponding measurement point position of the target transformer, wherein the target transformer is used to represent the transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured.

[0082] A diagnosis and detection module is configured to detect whether the transformer winding is deformed based on the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

[0083] Preferably, the detection system further comprises:

[0084] A display module is configured to display the measurement point position and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity waveform diagram of the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the measurement point position.

[0085] The early warning module is used for generating an early warning signal according to the deviation of the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding is in good condition, and no early warning signal is generated;

[0086] If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has obvious deformation, and there is a safety hazard, and an early warning signal is generated;

[0087] If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has obvious deformation, and the winding structure has been damaged, and an early warning signal is generated.

[0088] The transformer winding deformation degree diagnosis and detection method based on the leakage magnetic field distribution change comprises the following steps:

[0089] (1) A transformer electromagnetic field collection system is established based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory;

[0090] (2) The results are post-processed, and the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the probe leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve are drawn according to the needs; the results of the calculated model are post-processed, and the three-dimensional drawing group of the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution is drawn, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve of the probe measuring point is drawn;

[0091] (3) The model is simulated for a short-circuit impact, and the measuring point leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity B0 is obtained; the short-circuit working condition to be studied is set, the circuit module needs to be reconnected according to the wiring principle of the studied short-circuit working condition, and the measuring point leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity B0 is recorded after calculation;

[0092] (4) According to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution law in the transformer simulation result, the installation position of the leakage magnetic sensor of the real transformer is guided; through the established transformer electromagnetic field collection system, the short-circuit working condition is set, the three-dimensional drawing group of the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution output in the simulation result is analyzed to guide the installation position of the leakage magnetic sensor of the real transformer. The transformer prototype is modified, and the leakage magnetic sensor is installed inside according to the foregoing law, so that the internal space leakage magnetic field change of the transformer when a short-circuit impact occurs is monitored and recorded;

[0093] (5) The electromagnetic field collection system mainly consists of four parts, and the actual objects mainly include: a transformer, a leakage magnetic sensor, a transmission line and a microcomputer; the leakage magnetic sensor is installed in the transformer to monitor and record the internal leakage magnetic field of the transformer during operation, and the actual objects mainly include: a transformer, a leakage magnetic sensor, a transmission line and a microcomputer. The transformer withstands a short-circuit impact, and a leakage magnetic field is generated in the transformer; the leakage magnetic sensor measures the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity; the transmission line is used for transmitting the signal measured by the leakage magnetic sensor; and the microcomputer processes the transmitted signal and outputs the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity waveform;

[0094] (6) Real-time monitoring of the internal leakage magnetic field of the transformer in operation, recording the leakage magnetic sensor data under the first sudden short-circuit working condition, and obtaining the magnetic induction intensity B of the measurement point leakage magnetic field; the four parts required for real-time monitoring of the internal leakage magnetic field of the transformer are monitored through the aforementioned measured leakage magnetic field, and the magnetic induction intensity B of the measurement point leakage magnetic field is measured by the installed leakage magnetic sensor after the sudden short-circuit working condition;

[0095] (7) Calculate the deviation of the calculated value and the measured value of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and judge the winding deformation degree; the deviation of the calculated value and the measured value of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is calculated, that is, B / B0-1, wherein B0 is the simulation value of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and B is the measured value of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and the winding deformation degree is judged.

[0096] In step (1), an electromagnetic field acquisition system is established. First, the required physical field needs to be created, and a transient field is selected to solve the internal magnetic field of the transformer.

[0097] A geometric model of the transformer is built, and its parameters can be obtained from the actual parameters of the real transformer, and the corresponding materials are selected for the main components of the transformer, such as the core, winding, pad, pressing plate, clamp, etc. from the material library.

[0098] An electric circuit module is added to the simulation model, a separate voltage source is added to the model, and then the actual coil unit is coupled with the coil in the equivalent circuit, thereby establishing the connection between the internal field and the circuit of the transformer. When solving the electromagnetic field of the transformer under short-circuit working condition, the related parameters will be constrained by both the field and the circuit.

[0099] The model is meshed and divided appropriately, and the solution region and boundary conditions are added.

[0100] The start and end time of the study and the simulation step length are set, and after checking that there is no problem, the simulation solution is performed.

[0101] If the deviation of the calculated value and the measured value of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is less than 5% of the warning value, the transformer winding is in good condition, and step 1 is repeated; if the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the warning value, it is judged that the winding has produced obvious deformation and has safety hazards; if the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has produced obvious deformation, and the winding structure has been damaged.

[0102] The application establishes a transformer electromagnetic simulation model, determines the installation scheme of the internal leakage magnetic sensor of the real transformer based on the simulation result of the leakage magnetic distribution, and verifies the accuracy of the simulation model according to the real single short-circuit impact measurement result under various conditions such as high-to-low, high-to-low and medium-to-low.

[0103] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature can be directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature can be directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0104] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of different embodiments or examples can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

[0105] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting transformer winding deformation based on magnetic flux leakage field distribution, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the magnetic coupling theory, an electromagnetic field acquisition system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer is constructed; According to the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and a leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve are generated; Based on the electromagnetic field acquisition system, a primary short-circuit impact working condition is simulated to obtain a theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity; According to the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve and the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, a measurement point position for measuring the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity inside the transformer is obtained; The measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of the target transformer at the measurement point position corresponding to the target transformer is acquired, wherein the target transformer is used to represent a transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured; Based on the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, it is detected whether the transformer winding has deformed; During the detection of whether the transformer winding has deformed, the deviation of the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity and the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity is obtained, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding state is good, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity continues to be measured; If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has produced obvious deformation and has safety hazards; If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has produced obvious deformation and the winding structure has been damaged; During the detection of whether the transformer winding has deformed, the deviation is represented as: B / B0-1 Wherein B0 represents the theoretical leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity, and B represents the measured leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity.

2. The transformer winding deformation detection method based on the leakage magnetic field distribution according to claim 1, wherein: During the generation of the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, a plurality of measurement points for detecting the leakage magnetic field distribution inside the transformer are set, the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity of each measurement point changing over time is acquired, and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve corresponding to each measurement point is generated.

3. The transformer winding deformation detection method based on the leakage magnetic field distribution according to claim 2, wherein: During the construction of the electromagnetic field acquisition system, A geometric model of the target transformer is built, and the electromagnetic field acquisition system is built based on the actual parameters and the composition structure of the target transformer, wherein the coil unit of the electromagnetic field acquisition system is coupled with the coil unit in the equivalent circuit to simulate the relationship between the transformer internal field and the circuit; The composition structure of the target transformer includes a core, a winding, a pad, a pressing plate and a clamp.

4. The transformer winding deformation detection method based on the leakage magnetic field distribution according to claim 3, wherein: During the generation of the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve, The electromagnetic field acquisition system is meshed and the solving region and boundary conditions are added; After setting the start and end time and the simulation step, simulation solving is performed to generate the transformer internal leakage magnetic field distribution map and the leakage magnetic field magnetic induction intensity change curve.

5. The transformer winding deformation detection method based on magnetic leakage field distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of obtaining the measurement point position for measuring the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic leakage field inside the transformer, the distribution law of the magnetic leakage field inside the transformer is analyzed according to the transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution map and the magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity change curve, and the measurement point position is obtained according to the theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity.

6. The transformer winding deformation detection method based on magnetic leakage field distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the process of collecting the measured magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic leakage field, the electromagnetic field collection system is composed of four parts, including: Transformer, for bearing short-circuit impact and generating magnetic leakage field inside; Magnetic leakage sensor, for measuring the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic leakage field according to the measurement point position; Transmission line, for transmitting the signal measured by the magnetic leakage sensor; Data processing device, for processing the transmission signal to generate the magnetic induction intensity waveform of the magnetic leakage field.

7. A system for detecting transformer winding deformation based on magnetic flux leakage field distribution, characterized in that: Including: Theoretical data collection module, for constructing an electromagnetic field collection system for simulating the electromagnetic field of the transformer based on the magnetic circuit coupling theory; According to the electromagnetic field collection system, generate the transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution map and the magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity change curve; based on the electromagnetic field collection system, simulate the primary short-circuit impact condition to obtain the theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity; Measurement point position positioning module, for obtaining the measurement point position for measuring the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic leakage field inside the transformer according to the transformer internal magnetic leakage field distribution map, the magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity change curve and the theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity; Real-time data collection module, for collecting the measured magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic leakage field at the measurement point position corresponding to the target transformer, wherein the target transformer represents the transformer whose winding deformation needs to be measured; Diagnosis and detection module, for detecting whether the transformer winding has deformed based on the theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity and the measured magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity.

8. The transformer winding deformation detection system based on magnetic leakage field distribution according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection system further comprises: Display module, for displaying the measurement point position and the magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity waveform diagram of the measured magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the measurement point position; Early warning module, for generating an early warning signal according to the deviation between the theoretical magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity and the measured magnetic leakage field magnetic induction intensity, wherein when the deviation is less than 5% of the early warning value, the transformer winding state is good, and the early warning signal is not generated; If the deviation is greater than 5% and less than 7% of the early warning value, it is judged that the winding has produced obvious deformation and has safety hazards, and the early warning signal is generated; If the deviation is greater than 7%, it is judged that the transformer winding has produced obvious deformation and the winding structure has been damaged, and the early warning signal is generated.

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