A method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis
The electrocatalytic amide derivatives and selenite ether compounds were subjected to electrocatalytic reactions in the presence of electrolytes and nitrile solvents, which solved the problem of using expensive metal catalysts and environmental pollution in the existing methods for synthesis of phenyloxazole compounds, and achieved efficient and green synthesis effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202210734327.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-06-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing methods for synthesizing phenyloxazole compounds require the use of expensive metal catalysts and complex ligands, and the environment is highly polluted and lacks green and efficient synthesis methods.
The electrocatalytic method is used to undergo an electrocatalytic reaction of alkylamide derivatives and selenite ether compounds in the presence of electrolytes and nitrile solvents to prepare 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives, avoiding the use of metal catalysts and bases.
The 2,4,5-tri-substituted oxazole compounds are prepared with high selectivity and high yields. They are simple to operate, suitable for industrial applications, and reduce environmental pollution.
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Figure CN115233243B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and specifically relates to a method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis. Background Art
[0002] Oxazole compounds not only play an important role in the field of organic chemical synthesis and natural drug synthesis, but also have been widely used in the field of medicine. For example, oxazole drugs have been marketed and clinically used in the fields of nervous system diseases, infectious diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic diseases (such as Figure 1 Therefore, how to efficiently and greenly synthesize oxazole compounds has always been the focus of attention in the fields of biology, chemistry and pharmacy, and is also a hot topic in the field of organic synthesis.
[0003] Among the numerous oxazole compounds, phenyloxazole has been favored by many scientific researchers due to its wide application. According to the investigation, the synthesis methods of phenyloxazole compounds mainly include: (1) under the catalysis of ligand and transition metal, heterocyclic ring and iodobenzene are used to synthesize the corresponding phenyloxazole compounds; (2) under the catalysis of noble metal, oxazole derivatives are reacted with phenylacetic acid to generate the corresponding phenyloxazole compounds; (3) under the catalysis of transition metal, oxazole derivatives are reacted with phenyl sulfide to generate the corresponding phenyloxazole compounds; (4) with transition metal as catalyst, PAR-2Hg 2+ The compound is used as a halogen ion chemical sensor, and the oxazole derivatives react with halogenated benzene to generate the corresponding phenyloxazoles. In summary, although there are many existing methods for synthesizing phenyloxazole compounds, most of them require the use of expensive metal catalysis and complex ligands, and even require the use of highly polluting compounds. From an environmental perspective, the above synthesis method is not a green and efficient synthesis method.
[0004] Therefore, how to use cheap and readily available reagents to develop green, non-toxic, and simple-to-operate methods to obtain phenyloxazole compounds with high conversion rates is an extremely challenging problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a green, efficient and low-cost method for synthesizing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole compounds, which can prepare the target product with high selectivity and high yield under electrocatalysis. In addition, the reaction operation process is simple, does not require tedious anhydrous and oxygen-free operations, and avoids the use of precious metal catalysts, which is convenient for industrial application and production.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis comprises mixing acetylene amide derivatives, selenoether compounds, electrolytes and nitrile solvents and then performing electrocatalytic reaction to obtain 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives.
[0008] In the present invention, the structural formula of the acetylene amide derivative is as shown in formula (I) or formula (I-1):
[0009]
[0010] The structural formula of the nitrile solvent is shown in formula (II):
[0011]
[0012] The structural formulas of the selenoether compounds are shown in formulas (III) and (IV):
[0013]
[0014] The structural formula of the 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivative is as shown in formula (V) or formula (V-1):
[0015]
[0016] The reaction is shown below:
[0017]
[0018]
[0019] In the present invention, R 1 is H, halogen, alkoxy or alkyl; R 2 is an alkyl group; R 3 is an alkyl group; R 4 is hydrogen, halogen or halogenated alkyl; R 5 is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, benzyl or alkyl.
[0020] Preferably, R 1 It is H, halogen, methoxy, tert-butyl, C1~C6 alkyl.
[0021] Preferably, R 2 It is tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, adamantyl, cyclohexyl, n-butyl, or C1-C6 alkyl.
[0022] Preferably, R 3 It is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.
[0023] Preferably, R 4 It is hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, etc.
[0024] Preferably, R 5 It is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, benzyl, or C1~C6 alkyl.
[0025] In the present invention, the reaction time is 0.5 to 4 hours, preferably, the reaction time is 1 hour.
[0026] In the present invention, the certain temperature is 0-40°C, preferably, the temperature is room temperature.
[0027] In the present invention, the electrolyte is tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate.
[0028] In the present invention, the ratio of the amount of acetylene amide derivatives, selenoether compounds, nitrile solvents, and electrolytes is 0.3 mmol: (0.01-0.06 mmol): (3-10 mL): (0.1-0.5 mmol), preferably, the ratio of the amount of acetylene amide derivatives, selenoether compounds, nitrile solvents, and electrolytes is 0.3 mmol: 0.03 mmol: 6 mL: 0.3 mmol. Based on the existing research background and combined with the requirements of green chemical production, the present invention has created a preparation method for the efficient synthesis of phenyloxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis, which does not require the use of metal catalysts and bases, has mild and green reaction conditions, and can be scaled up to gram scale.
[0029] In the present invention, the organic solvent is used as both a solvent and a reactant. The nitrile used is any one of nitrile compounds such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile, decanenitrile and benzonitrile. Preferably, the solvent is acetonitrile. At this time, various raw materials can be converted into products with a higher conversion rate.
[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the reaction overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a green, efficient and low-cost method for synthesizing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole compounds, thereby avoiding the use of expensive transition metal salts. In addition, the reaction does not require any metal catalysts and bases, the operation process is simple, and no tedious anhydrous and oxygen-free operation is required. The target product can be prepared with high selectivity and high yield in an air atmosphere, which provides the possibility for the industrial synthesis application of such compounds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of existing oxazole drugs;
[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-pronged reaction bottle;
[0033] Figure 3 is the hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the product obtained in Example;
[0034] Figure 4The carbon NMR spectrum of the product obtained in Example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The present invention provides a three-pronged reaction bottle (such as Figure 2 The alkynylamine compound of formula (I), the selenoether of formula (IV) or (III), the nitrile solvent of formula (II) and the electrolyte are added to the reaction bottle, and the reaction is stirred under a certain temperature and air atmosphere. The reaction progress is monitored by TLC or GC until the raw materials react completely, and the 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole compound (V) is obtained by post-treatment. The optional post-treatment process includes: filtration, silica gel mixing, and finally column chromatography purification to obtain the corresponding 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole compound. Column chromatography purification is a commonly used technical means in the field; the yield is the separation yield.
[0036] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and raw materials, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources and / or prepared according to known methods. The water used in the reaction comes from the solvent, and the brand of the solvent acetonitrile in the example is GENERAL-REAGENT, G80988B, which is used directly.
[0037] The alkynamide derivatives of the present invention can be conveniently prepared efficiently by coupling the corresponding commercial aryl acetylene bromide compounds and N-alkyl p-toluenesulfonamides, and the formula is as follows:
[0038]
[0039] Example 1
[0040]
[0041] Add alkynamide I-1 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 1 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert a carbon cloth electrode into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir at room temperature for 1 h under air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction. After the organic phase is washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution, it is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The residue is separated by column chromatography, and the elution solvent is ethyl acetate / petroleum ether to obtain product V-1 (81% yield). The NMR spectrum is shown in Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 : 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.95 – 7.93(m, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.9Hz, 3H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 2.44 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 6H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ158.44, 145.58, 144.07, 134.55, 133.39, 129.61, 128.81, 128.72, 128.70,127.22, 125.21, 37.25, 21.74, 14.38.
[0042] Example 2
[0043] The amount of diphenyl diselenide was increased to 20 mol %, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the yield of the target product I-1 was 83%.
[0044] Example 3
[0045] The reaction time was extended to 2 hours, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the yield of the target product I-1 was 76%.
[0046] Example 4
[0047] The carbon cloth electrodes (CC) at both the cathode and anode were replaced with platinum electrodes. The other conditions were the same as those in Example 1. The yield of the target product I-1 was 73%.
[0048] Example 5
[0049] The amount of acetonitrile was reduced to 10 equivalents (about 0.093 mL), and DCM (6 mL) was used as the solvent. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The target product I-1 could not be obtained.
[0050] Example 6
[0051] The current was reduced to 3 mA, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the yield of the target product I-1 was 46%.
[0052] Example 7
[0053] 0.3 mmol hexafluoroisopropanol was added to the reaction system as an additive, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1. The yield of the target product I-1 was 72%.
[0054] Example 8
[0055] The diphenyl diselenide was replaced by 3-fluorodiphenyl diselenide, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and the yield of the target product I-1 was 68%.
[0056] It can be seen from the above examples 1-8 that the best catalyst is the reaction conditions of example 1, that is, the electrode is carbon cloth-carbon cloth (CC), the current is 10 mA, the catalyst is diphenyl diselenide, the reaction time is 1 hour, and the temperature is room temperature. Differently substituted alkyne amides and nitrile derivatives are further selected as substrates to develop an efficient preparation method for 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives.
[0057] Example 9
[0058]
[0059] Add alkynamide I-2 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 2 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir at room temperature for 1 h under air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and the elution solvent is ethyl acetate / petroleum ether to obtain product V-2 (68% yield).
[0060] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.65 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.55 – 7.53 (m,1H), 7.33 – 7.29 (m, 1H), 7.26 – 7.24 (m, 4H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 159.08, 146.12, 143.85,137.19, 134.73, 134.53, 130.75, 129.80, 129.52, 128.39, 126.75, 125.95,37.13, 21.72, 20.68, 14.46.
[0061] Example 10
[0062]
[0063] Add alkynamide I-3 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 3 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-3 (72% yield).
[0064] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.9 Hz, 3H), 7.69 (s,1H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H), 7.15 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.44(d, J = 2.4 Hz, 6H), 2.40 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 158.36, 145.72,144.04, 138.40, 134.63, 133.23, 129.62, 129.58, 128.78, 128.68, 127.11,125.71, 122.48, 37.25, 21.77, 21.72, 14.42.
[0065] Embodiment 11
[0066]
[0067] Add alkynamide I-4 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 4 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter it and concentrate it under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-4 (77% yield).
[0068] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.81 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.56 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.44 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 6H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 158.73, 144.71, 144.24,134.27, 133.89, 132.01, 129.66, 128.69, 126.73, 126.19, 122.78, 37.22, 21.78,14.40.
[0069] Example 12
[0070]
[0071] Add alkynamide I-5 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 5 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-5 (69% yield).
[0072] 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.94 (ddd, J = 8.3, 5.2, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 7.75 –7.73 (m, 2H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.14 (td, J = 8.9, 2.6 Hz, 2H), 3.09(d, J = 2.7 Hz, 3H), 2.44 (d, J = 2.9 Hz, 6H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ162.82 (d, J = 249.2 Hz), 158.38, 144.91, 144.20, 134.36, 133.06, 129.66,128.72, 127.29 (d, J = 8.4 Hz), 123.59 (d, J = 3.5 Hz), 115.95 (d, J = 21.9Hz), 37.26, 21.76, 14.35.
[0073] 19 F NMR (377 MHz, CDCl3) δ -111.80.
[0074] Example 13
[0075]
[0076] Add alkynamide I-6 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 6 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-6 (74% yield).
[0077] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.87 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.2Hz, 2H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.44 (s, 6H), 1.34 (s, 9H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 158.17, 151.88, 145.86,144.04, 134.62, 132.79, 129.64, 128.73, 125.81, 124.96, 124.41, 37.29, 34.88,31.34, 21.79, 14.43.
[0078] Embodiment 14
[0079]
[0080] Add alkynamide I-7 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 7 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter and concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-7 (75% yield).
[0081] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.88 – 7.84 (m, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,2H), 7.31 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.97 – 6.93 (m, 2H), 4.07 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 159.23,157.62, 145.71, 143.94, 134.48, 131.66, 129.52, 128.62, 126.72, 119.75,114.68, 63.52, 37.20, 21.67, 14.83, 14.27.
[0082] Embodiment 15
[0083]
[0084] Add alkynamide I-8 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 8 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter it and concentrate it under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-8 (57% yield).
[0085] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (t, J = 7.5Hz, 2H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.13 (s, 3H), 2.50 (s, 3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 158.87, 145.45, 133.19, 128.93, 128.90, 126.97,125.19, 37.96, 37.01, 14.47.
[0086] Example 16
[0087]
[0088] Add alkynamide I-9 (0.3 mmol), diphenyl diselenide (10 mol%), electrolyte (tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, 0.3 mmol) and acetonitrile II-1 (6.0 mL) shown in formula 9 to a three-pronged reaction bottle. Insert electrodes into the reaction tube, apply power (10 mA) and stir for 1 h in an air atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, use a rotary evaporator to spin dry the solvent, then add 10 mL of ethyl acetate to the reaction system for extraction, wash the organic phase with a saturated sodium chloride solution, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filter it and concentrate it under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, separate the residue by column chromatography, and use ethyl acetate / petroleum ether as the eluting solvent to obtain product V-9 (71% yield).
[0089] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.11 (dd, J = 7.1, 0.6 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (ddd, J= 8.3, 7.2, 1.3 Hz, 2H), 7.30 – 7.23 (m, 4H), 7.22 – 7.16 (m, 5H), 2.62 (s,3H). 13 C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ 159.86, 143.92, 140.16, 129.95, 128.88,128.50, 127.00, 126.33, 124.75, 124.23, 120.74, 120.45, 110.95, 14.59.
[0090] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a green, efficient and low-cost method for synthesizing polysubstituted oxazole compounds, which can prepare the target product with high selectivity and high yield under electrocatalysis. In addition, the reaction operation process is simple, and there is no need for cumbersome anhydrous and oxygen-free operations, while avoiding the use of precious metal catalysts, which is convenient for industrial application and production. The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not exhaustive of the feasible implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes made thereto, without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, should be deemed to be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing a 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivative under electrocatalysis, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: mixing an acetylene amide derivative, a selenoether compound, an electrolyte and a nitrile solvent and then performing an electrocatalytic reaction to obtain a 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivative; The structural formula of the acetylene amide derivative is shown in formula (I) or formula (I-1): ; The structural formula of the nitrile solvent is shown in formula (II): ; The structural formulas of the selenoether compounds are shown in formulas (III) and (IV): ; The structural formula of the 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivative is as shown in Formula (V) or Formula (V-1): ; In the general formula (I), formula (I-1), (II), (III), (IV), (V) and formula (V-1): R 1 is H, halogen, alkoxy or alkyl; R 2 is an alkyl group; R 3 is an alkyl group; R 4 is hydrogen, halogen or halogenated alkyl; R 5 is substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, benzyl or alkyl; The electrolyte is tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate.
2. The method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage ratio of acetylene amide derivatives, selenoether compounds and nitrile solvents is 0.3 mmol: (0.01-0.06 mmol): (3-10 mL).
3. The method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the electrocatalytic reaction is 0-40°C and the time is 0.5-4 hours.
4. The method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrile solvent is one or more of acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile, decanenitrile and benzonitrile.
5. The method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: R 1 is H, halogen, methoxy, tert-butyl or C1~C6 alkyl; R 2 is tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, adamantyl, cyclohexyl, n-butyl or C1-C6 alkyl; R 3 is methyl, ethyl or propyl; R 4 is hydrogen, halogen or trifluoromethyl; R 5 It is substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, benzyl or C1~C6 alkyl.
6. The method for preparing 2,4,5-trisubstituted oxazole derivatives under electrocatalysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrocatalytic reaction was carried out in an air atmosphere.