A three-dimensional seismic isolation device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-dimensional seismic isolation device, which includes a bearing frame, a vertical shock absorption system and a horizontal shock absorption system. The bearing frame includes an upper frame, a lower ring beam and a bottom plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper part of the upper frame is connected to the target seismic isolation object. The vertical shock absorption system is arranged between the upper frame and the lower ring beam, and the horizontal shock absorption system is arranged between the lower ring beam and the bottom plate. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention can achieve three-dimensional shock absorption function, reset function and guarantee function; the vertical seismic isolation period can be adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the vertical shock absorption device, and the horizontal seismic isolation period can be adjusted by changing the parameters of the horizontal seismic isolation sliding table. This device can improve the safety and comfort of the structure, and has the characteristics of low cost, excellent weather resistance, simple structure, safety and reliability, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seismic isolation for civil engineering, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device. Background Art

[0002] Earthquake disasters have brought immeasurable losses to human life and property. To comprehensively prevent and control the impact of earthquake actions on civil engineering structures, a common engineering technique is seismic isolation technology. The seismic isolation system has been found to be able to effectively reduce the impact of earthquake actions during long-term practical activities.

[0003] Currently, the common seismic isolation bearings mainly include rubber seismic isolation bearings. However, according to the existing production technology and the material characteristics of rubber itself, rubber seismic isolation bearings have many inherent defects, including: 1. It is difficult to produce qualified rubber bearings with low horizontal stiffness according to the existing technical conditions; 2. The vertical stiffness of rubber is not conducive to reducing vertical earthquake actions; 3. The residual deformation of rubber seismic isolation bearings is not easy to repair; 4. Lead core rubber bearings will cause environmental pollution during their production, processing and use due to the internal metal lead.

[0004] Therefore, a better method is needed to improve the above-mentioned disadvantages of existing rubber seismic isolation bearings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation device to solve the problem of coordinated control of vertical and horizontal vibrations of existing civil engineering structures under earthquake actions.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A three-dimensional seismic isolation device, comprising a load-bearing frame, a vertical shock absorption system and a horizontal shock absorption system, wherein:

[0008] The load-bearing frame includes an upper frame, a lower ring beam and a bottom plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper part of the upper frame is connected to the target seismic isolation object. The vertical shock absorption system is arranged between the upper frame and the lower ring beam, and the horizontal shock absorption system is arranged between the lower ring beam and the bottom plate;

[0009] The vertical shock absorption system includes a plurality of shock isolation springs and a vertical guiding device. The upper and lower ends of the shock isolation springs respectively abut against the upper frame and the lower ring beam. The vertical guiding device includes a plurality of spring sleeves, spring guide rods, linear bearings and linear bearing guide rods. Among them, the spring sleeves are fixed to the bottom of the upper frame, the number of which is the same as that of the shock isolation springs, and the spring sleeves are sleeved on the upper part of the shock isolation springs. The spring guide rods are fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam and penetrate through the inside of the shock isolation springs. The linear bearings are fixed to the upper frame. The linear bearing guide rods penetrate through the inside of the corresponding shock isolation springs, the lower ends of which are fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam, and the upper ends thereof penetrate into the linear bearings fixed to the upper frame.

[0010] The horizontal shock absorption system includes a slide base, a spherical crown plate arranged on the slide base through a steel ball slide bearing, and a slide connecting plate arranged above the spherical crown plate. The slide base is fixed to the bottom plate of the bearing frame, and the upper end of the slide connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower ring beam.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of horizontal reset locking mechanisms are further arranged on the bottom plate for resetting the horizontal shock absorption system. And each of the horizontal reset locking mechanisms is fixed to the periphery of the bottom plate through a corresponding locking mechanism base.

[0012] According to another preferred embodiment, the number of the linear bearing guide rods is eight. Correspondingly, the number of the linear bearings is also eight, which are evenly distributed near the outer edge of the upper frame.

[0013] According to the present invention, a plurality of frame columns are further arranged on the upper surface of the upper frame, and the upper frame is connected to the target shock isolation object through the frame columns.

[0014] Preferably, the cross section of the frame column is in the shape of a sector ring and is evenly distributed around the inner circular ring surface of the upper frame.

[0015] Further, there are four frame columns in total, and the sector ring of each frame column corresponds to 1 / 8 of the corresponding circular ring surface.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of positioning plates are fixed on the lower ring beam and are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam. A plurality of reserved hole positions for the linear bearing guide rods, shock isolation springs and spring guide rods are formed on the positioning plates, and the bottoms of the shock isolation springs, spring guide rods and part of the linear bearing guide rods are installed in the reserved hole positions.

[0017] According to the present invention, the cross section of the bottom plate is square, the number of the slide bases arranged on the bottom plate is four, and the positions on the bottom plate are symmetrically distributed in pairs.

[0018] According to the present invention, a groove is provided in the center of the sliding table base. A friction material is installed at the bottom of the groove, and an anti-impact and vibration-absorbing material is disposed on the inner side wall of the groove. An upper cover plate is further provided on the top of the sliding table base.

[0019] According to the present invention, the ball slide bearing is composed of a bearing and steel balls placed inside the bearing, and is placed on the friction material. The spherical crown plate is horizontally placed on the ball slide bearing to allow the spherical crown plate to slide in any horizontal direction within the groove.

[0020] The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. A spring element is used to achieve vertical seismic isolation, and a horizontal sliding table system is used to achieve horizontal seismic isolation; the overall system belongs to a passive control device without external energy input, has natural stability characteristics, and has simple construction technology and high safety.

[0022] 2. A spring element and a ball slide bearing element are used to achieve seismic reduction and isolation, which has characteristics such as simple structure, convenient processing, and easy assembly; according to the specific requirements of vertical seismic isolation and horizontal seismic isolation, the components of the seismic isolation system can be uniformly designed and mass-produced; the components of the seismic isolation system can be connected only by bolts, reducing the installation and maintenance difficulty of the seismic isolation device and having high safety; through the horizontal reset locking mechanism, the seismic isolation device can be reset after an earthquake, improving the applicability, reliability, and durability of the device.

[0023] 3. The present invention can achieve three-dimensional seismic isolation of civil engineering structures. Vertical seismic isolation is achieved by changing the number and stiffness of vertical springs; among them, the number and stiffness of the seismic isolation springs are determined by the dynamic characteristics of the structure and the preset target control performance. Horizontal seismic isolation is achieved by changing the friction coefficient of the sliding table base. By adjusting the friction coefficient, the horizontal seismic isolation period can be adjusted very conveniently. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view along A-A.

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view along B-B.

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a sectional view along C-C.

[0028] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal seismic isolation sliding table of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of figure numbers:

[0030] 1. Seismic isolation target object; 2. Upper frame; 3. Bearing guide rod; 4. Spring sleeve; 5. Seismic isolation spring;

[0031] 6. Spring guide rod; 7. Lower ring beam; 8. Spherical crown plate; 9. Ball slide bearing; 10. Slide base;

[0032] 11. Bottom plate; 12. Linear bearing; 13. Horizontal reset locking mechanism; 14. Slide connecting plate;

[0033] 15. Locking mechanism base; 22. Frame column; 72. Reserved hole position; 73. Positioning plate; 91. Steel ball;

[0034] 92. Steel ball bearing; 101. Friction material; 102. Anti-impact and vibration absorption component; 103. Upper cover plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention is applied to the field of civil engineering and is mainly used to achieve three-dimensional seismic isolation and reduction of civil engineering structures. Generally speaking, the civil engineering structure to be three-dimensionally seismically isolated can be a ground building or an underground structure; at the same time, the object to be seismically isolated can also be precision instruments, equipment that needs earthquake protection, working platforms, control rooms, safe houses, etc. Whether it is a civil engineering structure or a vibration-sensitive precision instrument and equipment, failure to implement appropriate seismic isolation and reduction measures may cause life and property losses to operators and operating equipment.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the fixing and / or connection involved can generally be selected in accordance with design, processing or construction requirements, such as welding, bolt connection, etc.; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate conversion device. The specific connection method given here is only an example, and those skilled in the art can understand the meaning of the above fixing method in the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0037] As

[0038] shown, the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of this embodiment includes a load-bearing frame, a vertical seismic reduction system and a horizontal seismic reduction system, where: Figure 1

[0039] ​The bearing frame includes an upper frame 2, a lower ring beam 7, and a bottom plate 11 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper part of the upper frame 2 is connected to the target seismic isolation object 1. A vertical damping system is arranged between the upper frame 2 and the lower ring beam 7, and a horizontal damping system is arranged between the lower ring beam 7 and the bottom plate 11;

[0040] The vertical damping system includes a plurality of isolation springs 5 and a vertical guiding device. The upper and lower ends of the isolation spring 5 respectively abut against the upper frame 2 and the lower ring beam 7. The vertical guiding device includes a plurality of spring sleeves 4, spring guide rods 6, linear bearings 12, and linear bearing guide rods 3. Among them, the spring sleeve 4 is fixed to the bottom of the upper frame 2, and its number is the same as that of the isolation spring 5 and sleeved on the upper part of the isolation spring 5. The spring guide rod 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam 7 and passes through the corresponding isolation spring 5. The linear bearing 12 is fixed to the upper frame 12, the linear bearing guide rod 6 passes through the corresponding isolation spring 5, its lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam 7, and the upper end penetrates into the linear bearing 12 fixed to the upper frame 2;

[0041] The horizontal damping system includes a slide base 10, a spherical crown plate 8 arranged on the slide base 10 through a steel ball slide bearing 9, and a slide connecting plate 14 arranged above the spherical crown plate 8. The slide base 10 is fixed to the bottom plate 11 of the bearing frame, and the upper end of the slide connecting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower ring beam 7.

[0042] Preferably, a plurality of horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13 are further arranged on the bottom plate 11 for resetting the horizontal damping system. Each of the horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13 is fixed to the four sides of the bottom plate 11 through a corresponding locking mechanism base 15.

[0043] The number of the linear bearing guide rods 3 is eight or more. As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the number of the linear bearing guide rods 3 is eight. Correspondingly, the number of the linear bearings 12 is also eight, and they are evenly distributed near the outer edge of the upper frame 2.

[0044] Generally speaking, the cross-section of the upper frame 2 is circular; in this embodiment, considering the stress characteristics of the upper frame 2 and to save materials, its cross-section can be further optimized to a toroidal surface. Further, a number of frame columns 22 are provided on the upper surface of the upper frame 2, and the upper frame 2 is connected to the target seismic isolator 1 through the frame columns 22. Preferably, the cross-section of the frame column 22 is in the shape of a sector ring and is evenly distributed around the inner toroidal surface of the upper frame 2; in this embodiment, there are four frame columns 22 in total, and the sector ring of each frame column 22 corresponds to 1 / 8 of the toroidal surface where it is located.

[0045] Further, the axis of the isolation spring 5 is collinear with the axis of the spring sleeve 4; similarly, the axis of the spring guide rod 6 is also collinear with the axis of the isolation spring 5.

[0046] As Figure 3 shown, for the convenience of installing the linear bearing guide rod 3, the isolation spring 5 and the spring guide rod 6, four positioning plates 73 are further fixed on the lower ring beam 7; the four positioning plates 73 are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam 7 and are fixedly connected to the lower ring beam 7 by bolts, and a number of reserved holes 72 for the linear bearing guide rod 3, the isolation spring 5 and the spring guide rod 6 are respectively provided on the positioning plates 73. In this embodiment, the number of reserved holes 72 provided on each positioning plate 73 is eleven, one of which is located outside the middle of the positioning plate 73, and the remaining ten are evenly and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the positioning plate 73; as Figure 3 shown, among the eight linear bearing guide rods 3, the lower ends of four linear bearing guide rods 3 are installed in the reserved holes 72, and the other four are located between two adjacent positioning plates 73; the number of spring guide rods 6 is forty, ten on each positioning plate 73, corresponding to the ten reserved holes 72 evenly and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the positioning plate 73; the number of isolation springs 5 is forty-eight, the lower ends of forty-four of which are installed in the reserved holes 72, and the lower ends of the remaining four are sleeved on the four linear bearing guide rods 3 located between two adjacent positioning plates 73.

[0047] Generally speaking, the cross-section of the lower ring beam 7 is circular; in this embodiment, considering the stress characteristics of the lower ring beam 7 and to save materials, the cross-section of the lower ring beam 7 can be further optimized. As Figure 3 shown, a regular polygon area is cut off from the center of the lower ring beam 7.

[0048] In Figure 1In the given embodiments, the vertical guiding device (linear bearing guide rod 3, spring sleeve 4, and spring guide rod 6) ensures the stability of the isolation spring 5 during vertical vibration, avoids the negative stiffness characteristics introduced by the P-Δ effect, and prevents the platform from tilting. In this embodiment, the upper end of the isolation spring 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper frame 2, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the lower ring beam 7 through the spring sleeve positioning plate 73. When subjected to vertical seismic action, to ensure the integrity of the vertical damping system movement and improve the vertical isolation effect, the following requirements need to be met: 1. The isolation springs 5 are evenly arranged along the lower ring beam 7, as shown in Figure 3 shown, presenting a polygon distribution as a whole, and divided into at least four regions; the number of isolation springs 5 arranged in each region is at least 10, and the positions and numbers of the isolation springs 5 in each region are symmetric about the linear bearing guide rod 3; 2. When the isolation spring 5 is in the free state, the upper frame 2 and the lower ring beam 7 are parallel, and both are in the horizontal state; 3. According to the dynamic characteristics and isolation requirements of the target isolation structure 1, design the overall stiffness of the isolation spring 5, and determine the stiffness characteristics of each spring according to the total number of springs arranged.

[0049] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the bottom plate 11 on which the horizontal damping system is installed is square. Since the lower ring beam 7 is prone to overturn when the number of slide base 10 is less than four; to prevent the isolation system from overturning due to factors such as asymmetric moment, at least 4 slide bases 10 are provided on the bottom plate 11. Preferably, as shown in Figure 4 shown, the positions of the 4 slide bases 10 on the bottom plate 11 are symmetrically distributed in pairs.

[0050] Furthermore, in the slide base 10, according to the horizontal isolation design requirements, determine the frequency parameters and stiffness parameters of the horizontal isolation system; as shown in Figure 5 shown, according to the determined horizontal isolation parameters, lay a friction material 101 at the bottom of the slide base 10 to provide a certain amount of frictional force, and the friction material 101 can be replaced according to the requirements of the horizontal isolation performance; and, an anti-impact and vibration-absorbing material 102 is laid along the side wall of the slide base 10 to prevent the impact effect generated when the steel ball slide bearing 9 has a large horizontal displacement. Laying the anti-impact and vibration-absorbing material 102 can, on the one hand, prevent the influence of horizontal impact on the horizontal acceleration of the isolated target structure; on the other hand, it can protect the steel ball slide bearing 9 and the slide base 10 to increase the applicability, durability, and reliability of the isolation device.

[0051] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the number of the horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13 and the locking mechanism bases 15 provided on the bottom plate 11 is four, and the arrangement positions of the locking mechanism bases 15 are around the bottom plate 11. During normal use, the horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13 and their bases 15 can be removed; when the horizontal shock absorption system undergoes a horizontal displacement due to reasons such as an earthquake, the horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13 and their bases 15 can be installed, and the horizontal shock absorption system can be pushed to reset with reference to the positions of the horizontal reset locking mechanisms 13.

[0052] Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the main components of the horizontal shock absorption system, such as Figure 5 As shown, a groove is provided in the center of the slide base 10. A friction material 101 is installed at the bottom of the groove, and shock-absorbing materials 102 are arranged on the inner side walls of the groove. The steel ball slide bearing 9 is composed of a bearing 92 and steel balls 91 placed in the bearing 92. It is placed on the friction material 101 and can slide in any horizontal direction within the groove of the slide base 10; the spherical crown plate 8 is horizontally placed on the steel ball slide bearing 9 and can also slide in any horizontal direction within the groove. In addition, an upper cover plate 103 is further provided on the top of the slide base 10. The setting of the upper cover plate 103 can prevent the influence of factors such as dust accumulation and rainwater accumulation on the seismic isolation device during service, and avoid damaging the durability and reliability of the seismic isolation device due to environmental factors.

[0053] Although the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention has been described in detail above through specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and similar changes made based on the basic principles and concepts of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional seismic isolation device, characterized in that, The three-dimensional seismic isolation device includes a bearing frame, a vertical seismic reduction system, and a horizontal seismic reduction system, where: The bearing frame includes an upper frame (2), a lower ring beam (7), and a bottom plate (11) arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The upper part of the upper frame (2) is connected to the target seismic isolation object (1). The vertical seismic reduction system is arranged between the upper frame (2) and the lower ring beam (7), and the horizontal seismic reduction system is arranged between the lower ring beam (7) and the bottom plate (11); The vertical seismic reduction system includes a number of seismic isolation springs (5) and a vertical guiding device. The upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation springs (5) respectively abut against the upper frame (2) and the lower ring beam (7); The vertical guiding device includes a number of spring sleeves (4), spring guide rods (6), linear bearings (12), and linear bearing guide rods (3). Among them, the spring sleeves (4) are fixed to the bottom of the upper frame (2), and the number thereof is the same as that of the seismic isolation springs (5), and they are sleeved on the upper part of the seismic isolation springs (5); The spring guide rods (6) are fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam (7) and penetrate through the inside of the seismic isolation springs (5); The linear bearings (12) are fixed to the upper frame (2), and the linear bearing guide rods (3) penetrate through the inside of the corresponding seismic isolation springs (5), the lower end thereof is fixed to the upper surface of the lower ring beam (7), and the upper end penetrates into the linear bearings (12) fixed to the upper frame (2); The horizontal seismic reduction system includes a slide base (10), a spherical crown plate (8) arranged on the slide base (10) through a steel ball slide bearing (9), and a slide connecting plate (14) arranged above the spherical crown plate (8). The slide base (10) is fixed to the bottom plate (11) of the bearing frame, and the upper end of the slide connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower ring beam (7); A number of horizontal reset locking mechanisms (13) are further arranged on the bottom plate (11) for the reset of the horizontal seismic reduction system. Each of the horizontal reset locking mechanisms (13) is fixed to the periphery of the bottom plate (11) through a corresponding locking mechanism base (15); A groove is provided in the center of the slide base (10), a friction material (101) is installed at the bottom of the groove for providing a certain amount of frictional force, and an impact-proof and vibration-absorbing material (102) is arranged on the inner side wall of the groove. An upper cover plate (103) is also arranged on the top of the slide base (10).

2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the linear bearing guide rods (3) is eight. Correspondingly, the number of the linear bearings (12) is also eight, and they are evenly distributed near the outer edge of the upper frame (2).

3. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A number of frame columns (22) are further arranged on the upper surface of the upper frame (2), and the frame columns (22) are connected to the target seismic isolation object (1); 4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-section of the frame column (22) is in the shape of a sector ring and is evenly distributed around the inner circular ring surface of the upper frame (2); 5. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are four frame columns (22) in total, and the sector ring of each frame column (22) corresponds to 1 / 8 of the circular ring surface where it is located.

6. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of positioning plates (73) are fixed on the lower ring beam (7), and are evenly distributed along the outer edge of the lower ring beam (7). A plurality of reserved hole positions (72) for the linear bearing guide rod (3), the shock isolation spring (5) and the spring guide rod (6) are formed on the positioning plates (73). The bottoms of the shock isolation spring (5), the spring guide rod (6) and a part of the linear bearing guide rod (3) are installed in the reserved hole positions (72).

7. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross section of the bottom plate (11) is square. The number of the slide base (10) provided on the bottom plate (11) is four, and they are symmetrically distributed in pairs on the bottom plate (11).

8. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel ball slide bearing (9) is composed of a bearing (92) and steel balls (91) placed in the bearing (92). It is placed on the friction material (101). The spherical crown plate (8) is horizontally placed on the steel ball slide bearing (9) to allow the spherical crown plate (8) to slide in any horizontal direction in the groove.

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