Device with a disconnect terminal comprising an insertion unit and method for short-circuiting such a device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (20) comprising at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") and at least one insertion unit (14) having an insertion section (16) and a connection section (17). The at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") have a first connection section (2), a second connection section (3), and a switching section (4) therebetween containing switching contacts (9, 9', 9"), wherein, by means of the switching contacts (9, 9', 9"), the first connection section (2) is conductively connected to the second connection section (3) in a first switching position (A), and the first connection section (2) is separated from the second connection section (3) in a second switching position (C), wherein the insertion unit (14) is pluggably connectable via its insertion section (16) to the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), and wherein the at least one insertion unit (14) has a switching unit (18) that shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14). The insertion unit (14) having a short-circuit function is successive with a contact section that shorts the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") in the second switching position (C) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"). The present invention also relates to a method for shorting a device (20) comprising at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") and at least one insertion unit (14).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a device comprising a disconnecting terminal with an insertion unit as described in the preamble of claim 1. The present invention also relates to a method for short - circuiting such a device as described in the preamble of claim 13. Background Art

[0002] Such disconnecting terminals have various uses.

[0003] DE 10 2008 014 176 B4 describes a terminal block and a longitudinal disconnector having an isolating switch (for deflectably arranging in a terminal housing of the terminal block), wherein in the terminal housing there is provided a busbar composed of two parts and two connection elements for connecting each one wire to one part of the busbar, wherein the two parts are connected in a first position of the isolating switch and are separated from each other in a second position of the isolating switch. The isolating switch is partially surrounded by an insulating housing. The longitudinal disconnector can be operated not only by means of a screwdriver inserted into an operation opening of the insulating housing, but also by means of a switch connection having two branches and a handle part connecting these branches. In this way, two longitudinal disconnectors of two side - by - side arranged terminal blocks can be operated simultaneously. For this purpose, each branch is inserted into the operation opening of the longitudinal disconnector.

[0004] DE 10 2008 057 754 B4 describes a structural unit composed of at least two side - by - side arranged disconnecting terminals and at least two connected connection plugs, wherein these disconnecting terminals respectively have a terminal housing, a busbar composed of two parts, two connection points for connecting each one wire to one of the two parts of the busbar, and an isolating switch deflectably supported in the terminal housing, wherein the two parts are connected by the isolating switch in a first position of the isolating switch and are separated from each other in a second position of the isolating switch, and wherein the connection plugs respectively have a plug housing, at least one connection element provided therein, and a plug - type contact electrically connected to this connection element. At least one of the connection points of the disconnecting terminal is respectively constructed as a slot electrically connected to one of the parts of the busbar, such that one of the connection plugs can be plugged onto the terminal housing by means of its plug - type contact, and the connection plugs respectively have contact elements electrically conductive to the connection elements, which are arranged and constructed such that when the connection plugs are not plugged on the disconnecting terminals, the contact elements of the two connection plugs are in contact with each other, and when the connection plugs are plugged on the disconnecting terminals, the contact elements are separated from each other through a side wall of one of the disconnecting terminals.

[0005] The performance of known disconnecting terminals has been proven.

[0006] However, it is desirable to further develop these disconnect terminals to achieve more powerful functions while enhancing safety, improving structural compactness, and reducing the number of components. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to solve this problem. The solution of the present invention to achieve the above object is the subject matter of claim 1.

[0008] The device of the present invention is composed of at least two disconnect terminals, which includes at least one insertion unit. The insertion unit has an insertion section and a connection section. Among them, the at least two disconnect terminals have a first connection section, a second connection section, and a switching section containing switching contacts located between them. By means of the switching contacts, the first connection section is conductively connected to the second connection section in the first switching position, and the first connection section and the second connection section are separated from each other in the second switching position. The insertion unit can be plug-connected to the second connection section of the at least two disconnect terminals through its insertion section. The insertion unit has a switching unit that shorts the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit. The at least one insertion unit with a short-circuit function is in series with the contact section of the second connection section of the at least two disconnect terminals (which is shorted in the second switching position of the at least two disconnect terminals).

[0009] In this way, a beneficial "OR circuit" of at least two successive units capable of providing a short circuit is achieved.

[0010] In addition, preferably, the device may also include a plurality of insertion units, that is, more than one insertion unit, which can be inserted into a plurality of disconnect terminals. In addition, a plurality of devices of the insertion unit and the disconnect terminals can be connected in series successively.

[0011] For a device of at least two disconnect terminals each including at least one insertion unit having an insertion section and a connection section, wherein the at least two disconnect terminals have a first connection section, a second connection section, and a switching section therebetween including a switching contact, and wherein the insertion unit has a switching unit that shorts the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit, a method of shorting the device according to the present invention includes the following method steps (VS1) providing at least one insertion unit and at least two disconnect terminals in an operating state, wherein the second connection section of the disconnect terminal is conductively connected to the insertion section of the insertion unit, and the external joints of the connection section of the insertion unit are electrically isolated from each other; (VS2) establishing a short circuit in the disconnect terminal, wherein the disconnect terminal is in a first switching position and the insertion unit remains in the disconnect terminal in its first insertion position; and establishing a second switching position of the disconnect terminal, wherein during passing through an intermediate switching position of the disconnect terminal, a pre-short circuit shorts the disconnect terminal, and (VS3) disconnecting the device by pulling the insertion unit out of the disconnect terminal, wherein when the insertion unit is pulled out of the disconnect terminal in a third insertion position, a short circuit of the external joints of the connection section of the insertion unit is generated, and wherein in an intermediate insertion position where the insertion unit has not been completely pulled out of the disconnect terminal, a pre-short circuit in the insertion unit has shorted the external joints of the connection section of the insertion unit, while the contact section of the insertion unit is still conductively connected to the connection unit of the disconnect terminal.

[0012] In another embodiment, the switching unit of the insertion unit pre-shorts the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit, and the contact sections of the second connection sections of the at least two disconnect terminals are pre-shorted in one or more intermediate switching positions in the second switching position of the at least two disconnect terminals. This is advantageous because the joints are shorted before separation.

[0013] According to another advantageous embodiment, when the insertion unit enters one insertion position or more switching positions / insertion positions, where in these positions, the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit is electrically isolated from the contact section of the second connection section of the at least two disconnect terminals, the switching unit of the insertion unit shorts the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit and the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit.

[0014] In another embodiment, the switching unit of the insertion unit has a switching contact that shorts the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit and the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit. Thus, a compact structure is achieved.

[0015] According to another embodiment, the switching unit of the insertion unit has at least two switching contacts that are in series when they short the joints of the connection section of the insertion unit and the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit. For this purpose, only two switching contacts are required. A compact structure can also be achieved.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, when the insertion unit enters an insertion position or more switching positions / insertion positions, where at these positions, the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit is electrically isolated from the contact section of the second connection section of the at least two breaking terminals, the switching unit of the insertion unit shorts the joint of the connection section of the insertion unit.

[0017] Here, the switching unit of the insertion unit may have at least two switching contacts, which short the joint of the connection section of the insertion unit in a manner of being conductively connected in parallel with a bridge, or short the joint of the connection section of the insertion unit and the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit. A smaller contact resistance can be advantageously achieved by means of parallel connection. In the case where the switching unit has more than two contact sections for more than two breaking terminals, correspondingly more switching contacts are provided.

[0018] According to another embodiment, the switching unit of the insertion unit has at least two switching contacts. When the insertion unit enters an insertion position or more switching positions / insertion positions, where at these positions, the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit is electrically isolated from the contact section of the second connection section of the at least two breaking terminals, the switching contacts short the joint of the connection section of the insertion unit in a manner of being conductively connected in parallel with a bridge, and interrupt the conductive connection between the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit and the joint of the connection section of the insertion unit. This is advantageous because in this way, when the insertion unit is pulled out, the contact section of the insertion section of the insertion unit is disconnected.

[0019] Preferably, the switching unit of the insertion unit acts together with an actuator, which is part of the second connection section of the at least two breaking terminals, because a compact structure can be achieved thereby.

[0020] In one embodiment, the actuator may be configured as a wall portion located in the second connection section of the at least two breaking terminals. The advantage of this is that a space-saving structure can be achieved in this way.

[0021] As an alternative, the actuator may be configured as an insert or an embedded part, so that it can be simply adjusted according to different uses.

[0022] In another embodiment, the at least one insertion unit may have at least two insertion elements. In this way, it can be simply adjusted according to different uses.

[0023] In another embodiment of the method of the present invention, by omitting the method step (VS3), a short circuit is only established in the breaking terminals. In this way, the use of the device can be advantageously extended.

[0024] In another embodiment of the method, a short circuit can be established only in the insertion unit by omitting method step VS2. The advantage of this is that more uses can be achieved thereby.

[0025] According to another embodiment, two short circuits are established when implementing method steps (VS2 and VS3), wherein a first short circuit is established in the breaking terminal first, and then a second short circuit is established in the insertion unit. The scope of use can also be advantageously extended thereby.

[0026] More advantageous technical solutions are given in the remaining dependent claims. Description of the Drawings

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in conjunction with embodiments. Among them:

[0028] Figure 1-12 FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a device 20 of a breaking terminal 1, 1', 1'' having an insertion unit 14 according to the present invention, and a corresponding circuit diagram;

[0029] Figure 13-24 FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a device 20 of a breaking terminal 1, 1', 1'' having an insertion unit 14 according to the present invention, and a corresponding circuit diagram;

[0030] Figure 25 For Figure 13-24 a schematic circuit diagram of a variant of the second embodiment; and

[0031] Figure 26-28 FIG. 31 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment including an insertion unit,

[0032] Figure 29-36 FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of different variants of the device according to the present invention, and

[0033] Figure 37 FIG. 39 is a schematic flow chart of the method according to the present invention.

[0034] The terms "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" are all based on the layout of the components in the drawings. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0035] Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 9 and Figure 11 FIGS. 58 to 58 are schematic perspective views of a first embodiment of a device 20 of a breaking terminal 1, 1', 1'' having an insertion unit 14 according to the present invention. Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 12 are the corresponding circuit diagrams of the device 20.

[0036] The device 20 includes at least two disconnect terminals 1, 1', and an insertion unit 14 that includes at least two insertion elements 15, 15'. In the first embodiment shown, three disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' and an insertion unit 14 that includes three insertion elements 15, 15', 15'' belong to the device 20.

[0037] Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 show different switching positions A, B, C of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'', where, in Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 different insertion positions D, E, F of the insertion unit 14 are shown. The switching positions A, B, C and the insertion positions D, E, F will be described in detail below.

[0038] In addition, in order to distinguish the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'', the insertion elements 15, 15', 15'', and other components / elements / sections and the like, the reference numerals of the relevant components / elements / sections are marked with apostrophes and double apostrophes in the drawings.

[0039] Such disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are also referred to as modular disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'', series-connected disconnect terminal boards, converter disconnect terminals, or measuring converter disconnect terminals.

[0040] The disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' include a housing that has a first connection section 2, a second connection section 3, and a switching section 4 located therebetween.

[0041] A clamping section (not described in detail) is provided in the first connection section 2 for connecting a conductive line (not shown). Each first clamping section is connected to a corresponding first wire track 5, 5', 5'', which extends into the switching section 4 by means of a connection section (not marked) and terminates in a contact section 6, 6', 6'' that can be fork-shaped, for example.

[0042] Different from the first connection section 2, the opposite second connection section 3 is constructed as a socket for the insertion unit 14. For each disconnect terminal 1, 1', 1'', the socket has a contact section 25, 25', 25'' in the form of a pin, which is formed at the end of a second wire track 7, 7', 7''. In Figure 26 , Figure 27 and Figure 28The contact section 25 can be clearly seen therein, which bends upward at a right angle to the wire tracks 7, 7', 7". The other ends of the wire tracks 7, 7', 7" have contact sections 8, 8', 8" similar to the contact sections 6, 6', 6" of the first wire tracks 5, 5', 5", which also extend into the switching section 4 from the other side.

[0043] The contact sections 6, 6', 6" and 8, 8', 8" of the wire tracks 5, 5', 5" and 7, 7', 7" are operatively connected to the switching contacts 9, 9', 9" of the switching device, which is only schematically shown herein, in the switching section 4. At the switching positions A, B, C, this operative connection is different, which will be described below.

[0044] Each switching device has switching contacts 9, 9', 9" connected to a switching lever 10. The switching lever 10 can be implemented as a common actuator for the switching contacts 9, 9', 9". It is also possible to adopt the following scheme: the actuators of the switching contacts 9, 9', 9" can be jointly actuated by means of a connector.

[0045] The switching device including the switching contacts 9, 9', 9" and the switching lever 10 is a so-called bistable switching device, wherein the first switching position A and the second switching position C are stable end positions. However, the switching position B is not a stable position, that is, it is passed through in each switching operation, so it is called the intermediate switching position B. At this intermediate switching position, the contact positions of the corresponding switching contacts 9, 9', 9" are different from the contact positions at the first switching position A and at the second switching position B, which will be described in detail below.

[0046] The switching contacts 9, 9', 9" of the switching section 4 can be adjusted from the first switching position A through the intermediate switching position B to the second switching position C by means of the switching lever 10, and vice versa. During the adjustment process, the switching lever 10 deflects around the deflection axis 9a through the switching contacts 9, 9', 9". Herein, the deflection axis 9a extends perpendicular to an unmarked side of the housing of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1".

[0047] At the first switching position A, which is also called the connection position, the switching device electrically connects the corresponding two contact sections 6, 6', 6"; 8, 8', 8" and thus electrically connects the first wire track 5 to the second wire track 7, so that the first connection section 2 is electrically connected to the second connection section 3. In Figure 1 and in Figure 2 the corresponding circuit diagram of, this switching position A of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1" is shown.

[0048] The insertion unit 14 has an insertion section 16, a connection section 17 and a switching unit 18.

[0049] In the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit, for each insertion element 15, 15', 15'', there is respectively provided a contact section 26, 26', 26'', which is in the shape of a tulip here, for establishing a plug-in operative connection with the corresponding pin-shaped contact sections 25, 25', 25'' of the second connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''. This can be clearly seen in Figure 26 , Figure 27 and Figure 28 .

[0050] Here, the contact sections 26, 26', 26'' are respectively conductively connected to, without interruption, such as clamping sections of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14. The connection section 17 has connectors L1, L2, L3, which are used to connect connection conductors (not shown).

[0051] The insertion unit 14 is inserted into the socket as shown in the connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' along the insertion direction H (in the positive direction) and is in the insertion position D. In this insertion position D, the contact sections 25, 25', 25'' of the second connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are conductively connected to the contact sections 26, 26', 26'' of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14. Figure 1 This is shown as the insertion position D in a cross-sectional view. Figure 26

[0052] In this first embodiment, the switching unit 18 of the insertion unit 14 includes a first switching contact 18a and a second switching contact 18'a. These switching contacts 18a, 18'a together with the corresponding actuators 21, 21' form a bistable switching unit 18, which has a steady-state open contact position in the first insertion position D and a steady-state closed contact position in the second insertion position F, where the insertion position E, like the intermediate switching position B, is not a steady-state position but is passed through as an intermediate insertion position E.

[0053] Here, the actuators 21, 21' are formed by the longitudinal walls of the connection section 3. Here, these longitudinal walls are, for example, the longitudinal side wall portions of the intermediate disconnect terminal 1' in the region of the connection section 3.

[0054] The functions of the switching contacts 18a and 18'a will be described in detail below in conjunction with Figure 8-12 .

[0055] In Figure 3 , the switching device of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' including the switching lever 10 is in the intermediate switching position B. This is like a kind of "snapshot".

[0056] At the intermediate switching position B, the switching device not only connects the corresponding two contact sections 6, 6', 6''; 8, 8', 8'', that is, the first conductor tracks 5, 5', 5'' and the second conductor tracks 7, 7', 7'', and these contact sections are also pre-shorted to another contact section 13, 13', 13'' respectively. As Figure 4 shown in the corresponding circuit diagram, the other contact sections 13, 13', 13'' are conductively connected to the bridge 11 through respective connections 12, 12', 12''. In this way, the first conductor tracks 5, 5', 5'' and the second conductor tracks 7, 7', 7'' are pre-shorted at the intermediate switching position B. Thereby, the joints of the connecting sections 2 and 3 are also shorted at the intermediate switching position B.

[0057] The connections 12, 12', 12'' are not shown, but can be easily imagined with the help of Figure 4 the circuit diagram. For example, the bridge 11 can be inserted into a dedicated receiving port in the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' from top to bottom, thereby establishing the conductive connection between the connections 12, 12', 12'' and the contact sections 13, 13', 13''.

[0058] Here, the insertion unit 14 is still inserted into the socket as shown in the connecting section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'', and is in the insertion position D, where the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a of the switching unit 18 are still open. Figure 3

[0059] Figure 5 In the second switching position C, also called the disconnect position as shown in Figure 5

[0060]

[0061] Figure 5

[0062] Figure 6

[0063] Figure 7 Figure 9 This is shown in the corresponding circuit diagram.

[0063] Figure 7 、 Figure 9 andFigure 11 shows the device 20, where the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1" are in the connected position in the first switching position A, and where the insertion unit 14 is Figure 7 in the first insertion position D, in Figure 9 in the intermediate insertion position E, and in Figure 11 in the second insertion position F.

[0064] In the first insertion position D, the insertion unit 14 is fully inserted into the sockets of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1". In this case, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a of the switching unit 18 are opened by the respective actuators 21, 21'.

[0065] The first switching contact 18a is connected to the connection between the first contact section 26 and the joint L1 of the connection section 17, and forms an open first switch at the connection between the contact section 19' and the joint L2 between the first contact section 26' and the connection section 17 in this first insertion position D of the insertion unit 14.

[0066] The first switching contact 18'a is connected to the connection between the second contact section 26' and the joint L2 of the connection section 17, and forms an open second switch at the connection between the contact section 19" and the joint L3 between the third contact section 26' and the connection section 17 in this first insertion position D of the insertion unit 14.

[0067] The switching contacts 18a and 18'a are biased towards the corresponding contact sections 19, 19'. This is shown in Figure 8 the circuit diagram by a spring icon. The biasing can be achieved by a spring or / and by the elastic switching contacts 18a, 18'a.

[0068] Figure 9 shows the device 20, where the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1" are in the first switching position A and the insertion unit 14 is in the intermediate insertion position E.

[0069] The insertion unit 14 is pulled out of the socket in the connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1" in the negative insertion direction H until it reaches the intermediate insertion position E.

[0070] In this case, the connection between the tulip-shaped contact section 26 of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14 and the pin-shaped contact section 25 of the connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1" has not been cancelled.

[0071] The respective actuators 21, 21' (longitudinal walls, see Figure 11 ) release the engagement with the elastic switching contact 18a, which is pressed against the contact section 19' by the elastic force and forms a closed first switch with the contact section 19'.

[0072] In this way, for the insertion unit 14 having three insertion elements 15, 15', 15'' as shown in the circuit diagram, by means of the closed first switch composed of the switching contact 18a and the contact section 19', and by means of another closed second switch composed of the switching contact 18'a and the contact section 19'', the contact sections 26, 26', 26'' of the insertion section 16 and the connectors L1, L2, L3 are electrically connected to each other and thus short-circuited. Therefore, during the process of pulling out the insertion unit 14, before the insertion unit 14 is completely pulled out from the disconnection terminals 1, 1', 1'' at the insertion position F, when entering the intermediate insertion position E, the pre-short circuit of the connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 and the contact sections 26, 26', 26'' of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14 is achieved. Figure 10

[0073] It should be noted that the intermediate insertion position E shown here is not held, but is an intermediate position on the way of the insertion unit 14 from the first insertion position D to the second insertion position F, and thus is only "passed through".

[0074] For this purpose, Figure 11 the insertion unit 14 completely pulled out from the disconnection terminals 1, 1', 1'' to the insertion position F is shown. The switching contacts 18a, 18'a of the switching unit 18 continue to remain closed.

[0075] Different from the disconnection terminals 1, 1', 1'', the insertion unit 14 does not have a bridge acting as a short-circuit connection, but the closed switching contacts 18a, 18'a and the contact sections 19', 19'' are connected in series to form a short-circuit connection. This can be clearly seen in the Figure 12 circuit diagram.

[0076] Figure 13 , Figure 15 , Figure 17 , Figure 19 , Figure 21 and Figure 23 are schematic perspective views of a second embodiment of the device 20 of the present invention including the disconnection terminals 1, 1', 1'' and the insertion unit 14. Figure 14 , Figure 16 , Figure 18 , Figure 20 , Figure 22 and Figure 24 are the corresponding circuit diagrams of the device 20.

[0077] Figure 26 , Figure 27 , Figure 28 are schematic partial cross-sectional views of the second embodiment including the insertion unit 14 at different insertion positions.​

[0078] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment lies in the structure of the switching unit 18 of the insertion unit 14.

[0079] Therefore, the descriptions of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' of the first embodiment for Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 also apply to the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' of the second embodiment, so they will not be repeated here.

[0080] In the second embodiment, the switching unit 18 of the insertion unit 14 includes a first switching contact 18a, a second switching contact 18'a, and a third switching contact 18''a.

[0081] The switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a are respectively inserted into the connections between the corresponding contact sections 26, 26', 26'' and the corresponding connectors L1, L2, L3.

[0082] In this case, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a respectively function between the connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 and the corresponding contact sections 22, 22', 22'' (which are respectively connected to the corresponding contact sections 26, 26', 26'' of the insertion section 16), and between the connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 and the corresponding contact sections 23, 23', 23'' (which are connected to the common bridge 24).

[0083] The switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a and the actuators 21a, 21'a, 21''a ( Figure 23 the transverse walls in Figure 26-28 shown in cross-section in

[0084] constitute a bistable switching unit 18 together, which has steady-state contact positions at the first insertion position D, namely L1 / 22; L2 / 22'; L3 / 22'' (closed) and L1 / 23; L2 / 23'; L3 / 23'' (open). Another steady-state closed contact position is at both the intermediate insertion position E and the second insertion position F, namely L1 / 22; L2 / 22'; L3 / 22'' open and L1 / 23; L2 / 23'; L3 / 23'' closed.

[0085] The switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18”a are biased towards the corresponding contact sections 23, 23', 23” of the bridge 24. This is shown in the circuit diagram (e.g. Figure 14 ) by means of a spring icon. The biasing can be achieved by a spring or / and by the elastic switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18”a.

[0086] In the first insertion position D, the insertion unit 14 of the second embodiment is fully inserted into the sockets of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1”. In this case, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18”a connect the contact sections 22, 22', 22” to the corresponding connectors L1, L2, L3. Figure 14 , Figure 16 , Figure 18 , Figure 20 This is shown in the corresponding circuit diagram.

[0087] Figure 26 The insertion position D of the insertion unit 14 is shown in an enlarged manner in a partial cross-section. Only one insertion element 15 is shown here, and the disconnect terminal 1 of the device 20 is shown partially.

[0088] In the insertion position D of the insertion unit 14, the insertion section 16 of this insertion unit is inserted into the socket of the second connection section 3 of the disconnect terminal 1. In this case, the pin-shaped contact section 25 of the second conductor track 7 is arranged in a conductively connected manner in the tulip-shaped contact section 26 of the insertion unit 14.

[0089] The switching unit 18 is arranged in the insertion section 16 adjacent to the tulip-shaped contact section 26 by means of the switching contact 18a and the corresponding contact section 22.

[0090] Here, the switching contact 18a and the contact section 22 are separated from each other in the insertion position D, thus forming an open switch. The separation is caused by the actuators 21a, 21'a, 21”a. Here, the actuators constructed as cross-walls (see Figure 23 ) of the connection section 3 move into the guide slot 27 between the switching contact 18a and the contact section 22 when the insertion unit 14 is inserted, and press the elastic switching contact 18a away from the contact section 22. In this case, a section of the actuators 21a, 21'a, 21”a constructed as cross-walls is located in an insulating manner between the switching contact 18a and the contact section 19'. The cross-wall or the actuators 21a, 21'a, 21”a (see Figure 23 ) are fixedly connected to the bodies of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1” in the region of the second connection section 3. This can also be seen from Figure 23 .

[0091] As Figure 20As shown in the circuit diagram, the contact section 22 is conductively connected to the tulip-shaped contact section 26. In addition, the contact section 22 and the contact section 26 are connected to the joint L1 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 through the switching contact 18a.

[0092] Similar to the intermediate switching position B, the insertion position E is not a stable position but is passed through as an intermediate insertion position E. Figure 21 and Figure 22 This is shown.

[0093] Here, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18”a are still connected to the contact sections 22, 22', 22”, and at the same time are connected to the contact sections 23, 23', 23” of the bridge 24 that act as pre-contacts. In this way, all the contact sections 26, 26', 26” of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit and all the joints L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 are short-circuited.

[0094] Figure 27 It is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the insertion unit 14 in the intermediate insertion position E. The switching contact 18a has contacted the contact contact 22 because the actuator 21a (the transverse wall in the cross-section, see also Figure 23 ) is no longer located between the switching contact 18a and the contact section 22.

[0095] However, the tulip-shaped contact 26 is still conductively connected to the contact section 25.

[0096] Figure 23 The second insertion position F of the insertion unit 14 of the second embodiment is shown, and Figure 24 is the corresponding circuit diagram.

[0097] As Figure 24 As shown in the circuit diagram, in the second insertion position F, all the contact sections 26, 26', 26” of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit and all the joints L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 remain short-circuited as in the intermediate insertion position E.

[0098] Figure 28 It is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the insertion unit 14 in the insertion position F. Here, the guide slot 27 for the actuator 21a can be clearly seen. The transverse wall constructed as the actuator 21a extends transversely to the imaginary longitudinal axis of the disconnecting terminal 1 here and is integrally constructed with the housing of the disconnecting terminal 1 (see Figure 23 ). It is also possible to adopt the following scheme: the actuator 21a has another shape or is composed of an insert (such as described in the first embodiment) or an embedded part.

[0099] As Figure 25The circuit diagram shown shows a third embodiment.

[0100] The only difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment lies in the switching functions of the switching contacts 18a, 22, 23; 18'a, 22', 23'; 18''a, 22'', 23''.

[0101] In the third embodiment, at the second insertion position F, when the insertion unit 14 is completely pulled out, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a only connect the joints L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 through the contact sections 23, 23', 23'' of the bridge 24. The contact sections 22, 22', 22'' are no longer connected to the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a. In other words, at the third insertion position F, the contact sections 26, 26', 26'' of the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14 are no longer short-circuited, but the joints L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 are short-circuited through the bridge 24.

[0102] In other words, the switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a respectively constitute a switch between the corresponding contact sections 22, 22', 22'' and the corresponding contact sections 26, 26', 26''.

[0103] Figure 29-36 Schematic diagrams of different variants of the device 20 of the present invention. These are only some possible combinations of the insertion unit 14 and the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''. Of course, there are more possible combinations.

[0104] In Figure 29 three disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' and an insertion unit 14 in the separated position are schematically shown, where Figure 30 the connection positions of the insertion unit 14 and the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are shown. Among them, the second connection section 3 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' is connected to the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14 (electrically conductive as described above).

[0105] Figure 31-33 The connection positions of the insertion unit 14 and the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' (-1 Ⅴ ) are respectively shown. In Figure 31 the insertion unit 14 has two insertion elements 15, 15', and among them, three disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are provided.

[0106] Figure 32 Another variant is shown, where an insertion unit 14 including six insertion elements 15 - 15 Ⅵ is provided, as well as six disconnect terminals 1 - 1 Ⅵ .

[0107] Finally, in Figure 33Two insertion units 14 each containing three insertion elements 15, 15', 15'' are shown, as well as eight breaking terminals 1 - 1 Ⅷ . The free breaking terminal 1 Ⅵ -1 Ⅷ can be otherwise occupied or not occupied, for example for subsequent use.

[0108] In Figure 34 , two devices 20 - 1, 20 - 2 are successively inserted and switched on and off, Figure 35 a variant showing three devices 20 - 1 to 20 - 3 is shown, and Figure 36 a successive series connection of n devices 20n is shown.

[0109] Figure 37 is a schematic flow chart of a method for short - circuiting a device 20 having at least two breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' including at least one insertion unit 14 according to the present invention.

[0110] In the first method step VS1, the insertion unit 14 and the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' are provided in an inserted - together manner (see Figure 1 , Figure 2 ). In this way, the operating state of the device 20 is established. In this case, the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' are in the first switching position A, and the insertion unit 14 is in the insertion position D, where the second connection section 2 of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' is conductively connected to the insertion section 16 of the insertion unit 14. The external connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 are electrically isolated from each other. There is no short - circuit in either the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' or in the insertion unit 14, and there is a path from the first connection section 2 of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'', i.e., from the so - called internal connectors, to the external connectors L1, L2, L3.

[0111] In the second method step VS2, the first switching position A of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' is adjusted to the intermediate switching position B, the insertion position D of the insertion unit 14 is maintained, and there is no short - circuit in the insertion unit 14. The path from the first connection section 2 of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' to the external connectors L1, L2, L3 continues to exist.

[0112] When leaving the intermediate switching position B and entering the second switching position C, the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' are short - circuited. The path from the first connection section 2 of the breaking terminals 1, 1', 1'' to the external connectors L1, L2, L3 no longer exists. The insertion unit 14 remains in its first insertion position D. The external connectors L1, L2, L3 are short - circuited, although there is no short - circuit in the insertion unit 14.

[0113] In an alternative of the second method step VS2, the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are in the first switching position A, and the insertion unit 14 is pulled into the intermediate insertion position E. In this case, the path from the first connection section 2 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' to the external connectors L1, L2, L3 continues to exist. There is no short circuit in the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''.

[0114] In the third method step VS3, the device is separated. In this case, the insertion unit 14 is pulled out from the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''. When passing through the intermediate insertion position E, at this position, the insertion unit 14 has not been completely pulled out from the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''. The pre-short circuit in the insertion unit 14 shorts the external connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14. When the insertion unit 14 is completely pulled out from the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' in the third insertion position F and the device 20 is separated, this short circuit of the external connectors L1, L2, L3 of the connection section 17 of the insertion unit 14 continues to remain.

[0115] The path from the first connection section 2 of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' to the external connectors L1, L2, L3 is disconnected. In this case, the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' remain in the first switching position A.

[0116] In another variant of the second method step VS2, the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' are short-circuited in the second switching position C, and the insertion unit 14 is pulled into the intermediate insertion position E. In this case, the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' continue to be short-circuited, and the insertion unit 14 experiences a pre-short circuit of the external connectors L1, L2, L3. Thereby, the short circuit of the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' is in parallel with the short circuit of the external connectors L1, L2, L3.

[0117] In the following table, in combination with the method steps VS1, VS2, VS3, the functions and connection states of the insertion unit 14 and the disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1'' in the switching positions A, B, C and the insertion positions D, E, F described above are summarized.

[0118]

[0119] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be modified within the scope of the claims.

[0120] List of reference numerals

[0121] Disconnect terminals 1, 1', 1''

[0122] Connection sections 2, 3

[0123] Switching section 4

[0124] Wire tracks 5, 5', 5''; 7, 7', 7''

[0125] Contact sections 6, 6', 6''; 8, 8', 8''

[0126] Switching contacts 9, 9', 9''

[0127] Deflection axis 9a

[0128] Switching lever 10

[0129] Bridge 11

[0130] Connections 12, 12', 12''

[0131] Contact sections 13, 13', 13''

[0132] Insertion unit 14

[0133] Insertion elements 15, 15', 15''

[0134] Insertion section 16

[0135] Connection section 17

[0136] Switching unit 18

[0137] Switching contacts 18a, 18'a, 18''a

[0138] Contact sections 19, 19', 19''

[0139] Device 20

[0140] Manipulators 21, 21'; 21a, 21'a, 21''a

[0141] Contact sections 22, 22', 22''; 23, 23', 23''

[0142] Bridge 24

[0143] Contact sections 25, 25', 25''; 26, 26', 26''

[0144] Guide slot 27

[0145] Switching positions A, B, C

[0146] Insertion positions D, E, F

[0147] Insertion direction H

[0148] Connection lines L1, L2, L3

[0149] Method steps VS1, VS2, VS3

Claims

1. A device (20) comprising at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") and comprising at least one insertion unit (14) having an insertion section (16) and a connection section (17), wherein, The at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") have a first connection section (2), a second connection section (3) and a switching section (4) therebetween which includes switching contacts (9, 9', 9"), wherein, by means of the switching contacts (9, 9', 9"), the first connection section (2) is conductively connected to the second connection section (3) in a first switching position (A), and the first connection section (2) and the second connection section (3) are separated from each other in a second switching position (C), wherein the insertion unit (14) is plug-connectable via its insertion section (16) to the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), and wherein the insertion unit (14) has a switching unit (18) which shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14). It is characterized in that the at least one insertion unit (14) having a short-circuit function is successive with a contact section (25, 25', 25") of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") which is shorted in the second switching position (C) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"); the switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) acts together with actuators (21, 21', 21") which are part of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1").

2. The device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, the switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) pre-shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14), and, in the second switching position (C) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), the contact sections (25, 25', 25") of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") are pre-shorted in one or more intermediate switching positions (B).

3. The device (20) according to claim 2, wherein, When the insertion unit (14) enters an insertion position (E, F) or more switching positions / insertion positions, in which positions the contact sections (26, 26', 26") of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14) are electrically isolated from the contact sections (25, 25', 25") of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), the switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) and the contact sections (26, 26', 26") of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14).

4. The device (20) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) has a switching contact (18a) which shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) and the contact sections (26, 26', 26") of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14).

5. The device (20) according to claim 4, further comprising at least three breaking terminals (1, 1', 1''), characterized in that, The switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) has at least two switching contacts (18a, 18'a), and when the switching contacts short-circuit the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) and the contact sections (26, 26', 26”) of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14), the switching contacts are connected in series.

6. The device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the insertion unit (14) enters the insertion position (E, F) or more switching positions / insertion positions, in which positions the contact sections (26, 26', 26”) of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14) are electrically isolated from the contact sections (25, 25', 25”) of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1”), the switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14).

7. The device (20) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) has at least two switching contacts (18a, 18'a, 18”a), which short-circuit the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) or short-circuit the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) and the contact sections (26, 26', 26”) of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14) in a manner of being connected in parallel and conductively connected to the bridge (24).

8. The device (20) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) has at least two switching contacts (18a, 18'a, 18”a). When the insertion unit (14) enters the insertion position (E, F) or more switching positions / insertion positions, in which positions the contact sections (26, 26', 26”) of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14) are electrically isolated from the contact sections (25, 25', 25”) of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1”), the switching contacts short-circuit the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) in a manner of being connected in parallel and conductively connected to the bridge (24), and interrupt the corresponding conductive connection between the contact sections (26, 26', 26”) of the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14) and the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14).

9. The device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuators (21, 21', 21”) are configured as wall portions located in the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1”).

10. The device (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuators (21, 21', 21”) are configured as inserts or inlays.

11. The device (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The at least one insertion unit (14) has at least two insertion elements (15, 15', 15”).

12. A method for short - circuiting a device (20) that includes at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1'') and includes at least one insertion unit (14) having an insertion section (16) and a connection section (17), wherein, The at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") have a first connection section (2), a second connection section (3) and a switching section (4) therebetween, wherein the insertion unit (14) has a switching unit (18) which shorts the connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14), characterized by the following method steps (VS1) Provide at least one insertion unit (14) and at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") in the operating state, wherein the insertion unit (14) is inserted into the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") in a first insertion position (D), wherein the second connection section (2) of the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") is conductively connected to the insertion section (16) of the insertion unit (14), and wherein the external connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) are electrically isolated from each other; (VS2) Establish a short circuit in the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), wherein the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") are in a first switching position A and the insertion unit (14) remains in the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") in its first insertion position (D), and establish a second switching position C of the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), wherein a pre-short circuit shorts the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") when passing through an intermediate switching position (B) of the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"); and (VS3) Disconnect the device (20) by completely pulling out the insertion unit (14) from the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), wherein a short circuit of the external connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14) is generated when the insertion unit (14) is completely pulled out from the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") in a third insertion position (F) and the device (20) is disconnected, and wherein in an intermediate insertion position (E) where the insertion unit (14) has not been completely pulled out from the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"), a pre-short circuit in the insertion unit (14) has pre-shorted the external connectors (L1, L2, L3) of the connection section (17) of the insertion unit (14), while the contact section (16) of the insertion unit (14) is still conductively connected to the connection unit (3) of the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1"); The switching unit (18) of the insertion unit (14) acts together with actuators (21, 21', 21"), which are part of the second connection section (3) of the at least two disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1").

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein By omitting the method step (VS3), a short circuit is established only in the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1").

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein By omitting the method step (VS2), a short circuit is established only in the insertion unit (14).

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein When implementing the method steps (VS2 and VS3), two short circuits are established, wherein a first short circuit is established first in the disconnect terminals (1, 1', 1") and then a second short circuit is established in the insertion unit (14).

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