Hinge mechanism

Abstract

A closed-body motorcycle helmet includes a shell having an eyehole and an attached shield configured for hinged or pivotal movement between a closed or lowered position covering and sealing the eyehole and an open or raised position above the eyehole. Hinge plates are attached to each side of the shell and include movable pivot sockets into which hubs of the shield are rotatably received, enabling hinged and rearward movement of the shield between the raised and lowered positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates generally to helmets and, more particularly, to a closed-body motorcycle helmet with an articulated and removable visor. Background Art

[0002] Many people wear protective safety helmets while enjoying outdoor riding activities such as snowmobiling, motorcycles, and bicycles. While such helmets vary greatly in design and function, many include an articulated shield to protect the eyes and / or face of the helmet wearer. An open face helmet has a hard shell that surrounds and covers the wearer's forehead, top of the head, and sides of the head, leaving the face exposed. A closed face, full-face motorcycle helmet has a hard shell that surrounds and covers the wearer's head from the neck up, and has an eye port through which the wearer can see. Motorcyclists often choose a design known as a "closed face" motorcycle helmet. A transparent shield is hinged to each side of the helmet and can be flipped down to cover the eye port during normal use, or flipped up when needed. The shield is typically made of Or other transparent plastics, which can be colorless or colored. When the shield covers the eyehole, the peripheral seal around the eyehole seals with the inner surface of the shield to prevent air, water and debris from entering the interior of the helmet.

[0003] Regardless of whether the helmet is an open or closed design, in some cases, when the helmet is lowered to a protective position, it may be desirable to move the shield toward the front of the helmet shell so that the top edge of the shield contacts the edge of the shell to improve aerodynamics and / or eliminate air flow between the shield and the helmet shell. Conventional helmets include hinged panels on either side of the helmet for raising and lowering the shield. Conventional hinged panels include a base plate secured to the helmet that contains a pivot post on which a movable panel pivots, which in turn is connected to the shield to raise or lower the shield.

[0004] Under certain environmental conditions, condensation, or "fogging," can easily form on the inner surface of a shield when closed and sealed. This can interfere with the rider's vision and must be eliminated. Helmet designers have used several methods to eliminate condensation on the shield. These methods include, for example, applying a hydrophobic coating to the inner surface of the shield or designing a helmet ventilation system that draws outside air into the helmet and across the inner surface of the shield. However, hydrophobic coatings are somewhat successful, but not completely, and shield ventilation systems only work when the rider is moving. Another very effective method for clearing a shield fogged with condensation is to simply open the shield and allow outside air to enter the helmet. However, opening the shield too far during movement can cause high-velocity air to hit the rider's face and eyes, which is both uncomfortable and dangerous. Therefore, when using this method, the shield must be opened or cracked a small amount, just enough to break the contact between the shield and the peripheral seal around the eyeport. This slight cracking of the shield allows enough outside air flow to clear the condensation, but does not allow for excessive airflow that could affect the rider's comfort or vision.

[0005] Most helmets include shield settings, or "detents," which the shield passes through as it moves from its closed to its open position. However, in most cases, the first detent, or first open position, is too large to be useful for clearing a fogged shield because it allows high-velocity air to hit the rider's face and eyes. Some newer closed-toe helmets incorporate mechanisms that allow the shield to be slightly opened when needed. For example, helmet manufacturer Arai has installed a small sliding tab on the lower left edge of the helmet's shield that, when slid forward, engages a feature around the perimeter of the eyeport, allowing the shield to rotate slightly upward from its closed position. While Arai and similar systems represent a step in the right direction, they often have inherent drawbacks. For example, they can be difficult to operate, especially when the user is wearing gloves.

[0006] Another issue encountered by motorcyclists wearing closed-face helmets is the unexpected release of the helmet shield in certain situations. For example, a rider may occasionally turn their head to check for objects outside their peripheral vision. Similarly, someone participating in a high-speed race may turn their head to check for other riders to their side or behind. At high speeds, these and similar movements can cause the shield to lift and fly open due to extreme and unbalanced aerodynamic forces.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a closed-back helmet that has a highly reliable and effective mechanism for slightly opening the helmet's shield when needed to clear condensation from the shield's inner surface. There is also a need for the rider to be able to restrain the helmet's shield so that it does not accidentally fly open at high speeds when the rider turns around or looks up. These needs should be met without interfering with the normal opening and closing operation of the helmet's shield. Furthermore, the mechanism that provides the required functionality should be easy to operate even when wearing gloves, should be fail-safe to prevent entrapment, and should automatically recover in the event of improper or accidental operation by the rider. The disclosed subject matter is primarily directed to providing a helmet with precise shield control that meets all of these needs and more. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a pivot mechanism for a helmet shield, wherein the pivot mechanism is configured to allow the shield to rotate about a pivot point between a raised position and a lowered position and to move rearward when moving to the lowered position. In this aspect, the pivot mechanism provides dual translation of the shield, including rotational translation and rearward translation.

[0009] The present disclosure provides a hinge mechanism for a helmet protective cover, comprising:

[0010] a base plate configured to be connected to the outer shell of the helmet, and

[0011] A pivot member engaged with the base plate, the pivot member configured to engage a pivot post of the shield; wherein the shield is configured to rotate about a pivot point between a raised position and a lowered position, and wherein the pivot member is configured to move the pivot point of the shield rearwardly in the helmet when the shield is lowered.

[0012] Examples of hinge mechanisms include the following, alone or in any combination.

[0013] The hinge mechanism comprises:

[0014] (a) a base plate configured to be connected to an outer shell of a helmet, the base plate comprising: a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, a raised portion proximate the first end, a raised portion proximate the first side, and a raised portion proximate the second side; wherein the raised portion proximate the first end defines an arcuate surface;

[0015] A portion of the raised portion close to the first side and a portion of the raised portion close to the second side are arranged parallel to each other and define a slide rail;

[0016] (b) a pivot member comprising a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, the pivot member being configured to engage a pivot post of the shield;

[0017] The first side and the second side each have a slide rail, the slide rails on the first side and the second side being configured to slidingly engage slide rails adjacent the first side and the second side, respectively, of the base; and

[0018] The first side and the second side each have an extension extending beyond the second end, defining a space between the extensions of the first side and the second side;

[0019] (c) an arcuate locking member having a first end, a second end, a raised portion including a convex surface, a first sliding extension on the first end, and a second sliding extension on the second end; the convex surface including a first locking position near the first end and a second locking position near the second end, the first sliding extension on the first end being configured to slideably engage with the first side extension of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension on the second end being configured to slideably engage with the second side extension of the pivot member.

[0020] (d) a first elastic member engaged with the base plate and the second end of the pivot member, configured to move the pivot member toward or toward the first end of the base plate; and

[0021] (e) The second elastic member is engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the locking member, and is configured to move the locking member away from the second end of the pivot member.

[0022] In the hinge mechanism, the first elastic component includes a spring.

[0023] In the hinge mechanism, the second elastic component includes a spring.

[0024] The hinge mechanism comprises:

[0025] (a) a base plate configured to be connected to an outer shell of a helmet, the base plate comprising: a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, a raised portion proximate the first end, a raised portion proximate the first side, and a raised portion proximate the second side, wherein the raised portion proximate the first end defines an arcuate surface;

[0026] A portion of the raised portion near the first side and a portion of the raised portion near the second side are disposed parallel to each other and each include a surface perpendicular to the substantially planar region and a flange parallel to and spaced above the first surface of the substantially planar region, wherein the portion of the raised portion near the first side and the portion of the raised portion near the second side respectively define a slide rail;

[0027] (b) a pivot member comprising a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first convex end, a second convex end, a first side, and a second side; wherein

[0028] The first surface of the pivot member and the first surface of the base plate face each other; the first protruding end has a curve that is substantially complementary to the arcuate surface of the protruding portion near the first end of the base plate;

[0029] The first side and the second side each have a slide rail, the slide rails on the first side and the second side being configured to slidably engage slide rails adjacent the first side and the second side, respectively, of the base plate;

[0030] The first side and the second side each have an extension extending beyond the second end, defining a space between the two extensions, and the two extensions each have a notch in the first surface of the pivot member; and

[0031] The second surface of the pivot member is configured to engage a pivot post of the shield;

[0032] (c) an arcuate latching member having a first end, a second end, a concave surface, a convex surface, a first sliding extension on the first end, and a second sliding extension on the second end; wherein the concave surface is disposed between the first end and the second end and is complementary to the second convex end of the pivot member, the convex surface includes a first latching position proximate the first end and a second latching position proximate the second end, and one or more additional latching positions selected between the first latching position and the second latching position, the first sliding extension on the first end being configured to slideably engage with a notch in a first side extension of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension on the second end being configured to slideably engage with a notch in a second side extension of the pivot member;

[0033] (d) a first resilient member engaged with the base plate proximate the first side and the second end and engaged with the pivot member at an end of the slide rail proximate the first side and the second end of the pivot member, the first resilient member being configured to urge the pivot member toward or toward the first end of the base plate; and

[0034] (e) a second elastic member engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the concave surface of the detent member, the second elastic member being configured to move the detent member away from the second end of the pivot member.

[0035] The hinge mechanism is further configured with a stopper to keep the protective cover in a ventilation position.

[0036] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a pivot mechanism for a helmet shield, wherein the pivot mechanism is configured to allow the shield to rotate about a pivot point between a raised position and a lowered position, move rearward, and be pulled inwardly toward the helmet when moving to the lowered position. In this aspect, the pivot mechanism provides triple translation of the shield, including rotational translation, rearward translation, and inward translation.

[0037] The present disclosure provides a hinge mechanism for a helmet protective cover, comprising:

[0038] a base plate configured to be connected to the outer shell of the helmet, and

[0039] A pivot member engaged with the base plate is configured to engage a pivot post of the shield; wherein the shield is configured to rotate about a pivot point between a raised position and a lowered position, and wherein the pivot member is configured to move the pivot point of the shield rearwardly in the helmet when the shield is lowered; and the hinge mechanism is further configured to pull the shield inwardly toward the helmet when the shield is moved to the lowered position.

[0040] Examples of hinge mechanisms include the following, alone or in any combination.

[0041] The hinge mechanism comprises:

[0042] (a) a base plate configured to be connected to an outer shell of a helmet, the base plate comprising: a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, a raised portion proximate the first end, a raised portion proximate the first side, and a raised portion proximate the second side, wherein the raised portion proximate the first end defines an arcuate surface;

[0043] A portion of the raised portion close to the first side and a portion of the raised portion close to the second side are arranged parallel to each other and respectively define a track having a stepped structure;

[0044] (b) a pivot member comprising a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, the pivot member being configured to engage a pivot post of the shield;

[0045] The first side and the second side each have a stepped track configured to engage adjacent tracks on the first side and the second side of the base; and

[0046] The first side and the second side each have an extension extending beyond the second end, defining a space between the two extensions;

[0047] (c) an arcuate latching member having a first end, a second end, a raised portion including a convex surface, a first sliding extension on the first end, and a second sliding extension on the second end; wherein the convex surface includes a first latching position near the first end and a second latching position near the second end, the first sliding extension on the first end is configured to slideably engage with an extension on a first side of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension on the second end is configured to slideably engage with an extension on a second side of the pivot member;

[0048] (d) a first elastic member engaged with the base plate and the second end of the pivot member, the first elastic member being configured to urge the pivot member toward or toward the first end of the base plate; and

[0049] (e) a second elastic member engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the locking member, the second elastic member being configured to move the locking member away from the second end of the pivot member.

[0050] In the hinge mechanism, the first elastic component includes a spring.

[0051] In the hinge mechanism, the second elastic component includes a spring.

[0052] The hinge mechanism is further configured with a stopper to keep the protective cover in a ventilation position.

[0053] The hinge mechanism comprises:

[0054] (a) a base plate configured to be connected to an outer shell of a helmet, the base plate comprising: a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, a raised portion proximate the first end, a raised portion proximate the first side, and a raised portion proximate the second side, wherein the raised portion proximate the first end defines an arcuate surface;

[0055] a portion of the raised portion proximate the first side and a portion of the raised portion proximate the second side are disposed parallel to each other and each include a surface perpendicular to the substantially planar region and a flange parallel to and spaced above the first surface of the substantially planar region, wherein the portion of the raised portion proximate the first side and the portion of the raised portion proximate the second side respectively define a slide rail;

[0056] (b) a pivot member comprising a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first convex end, a second convex end, a first side, and a second side; wherein

[0057] The first surface of the pivot member and the first surface of the base plate face each other; the first protruding end has a curve that is substantially complementary to the arcuate surface of the protruding portion near the first end of the base plate;

[0058] The first side and the second side each have a slide rail, the two slide rails being configured to slidably engage with the slide rails adjacent to the first side and the second side, respectively, of the base plate;

[0059] The first side and the second side each have an extension extending beyond the second end, defining a space between the two extensions, and the two extensions each have a notch in the first surface of the pivot member; and

[0060] The second surface of the pivot member is configured to engage a pivot post of the shield;

[0061] (c) an arcuate latching member having a first end, a second end, a concave surface, a convex surface, a first sliding extension on the first end, and a second sliding extension on the second end; wherein the concave surface is disposed between the first end and the second end and is complementary to the second convex end of the pivot member, the convex surface includes a first latching position proximate the first end and a second latching position proximate the second end, and one or more additional latching positions selected between the first latching position and the second latching position, the first sliding extension on the first end being configured to slideably engage with a notch in a first side extension of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension on the second end being configured to slideably engage with a notch in a second side extension of the pivot member;

[0062] (d) a first resilient member engaged with the base plate proximate the first side and the second end and engaged with the pivot member at an end of the slide rail proximate the first side and the second end of the pivot member, the first resilient member being configured to urge the pivot member toward or toward the first end of the base plate; and

[0063] (e) a second elastic member engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the concave surface of the detent member, the second elastic member being configured to move the detent member away from the second end of the pivot member.

[0064] In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a helmet comprising the above-described hinge mechanism, including any of the embodiments described above or elsewhere herein, alone or in any combination.

[0065] Embodiments of the helmet include: the helmet further comprising a protective shield engaged with the hinge mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 A bottom view of a base plate of a pivot mechanism is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0067] Figure 2 A bottom view of a pivot component and a detent component of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0068] Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment according to the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. Figure 2 A perspective view of the pivot assembly.

[0069] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment according to the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. Figure 2 Reverse bottom view of the pivot assembly.

[0070] Figure 5 An exploded perspective view of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0071] Figure 6A perspective view of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0072] Figure 7 A perspective view of a protective cover according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0073] Figure 8 A perspective exploded view of a shroud assembly is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0074] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a shroud assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0075] Figure 10 A reverse view of a shroud assembly is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0076] Figure 11 An exploded view of a shield assembly and pivot mechanism is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0077] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of a shield assembly inserted into a pivot mechanism is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0078] Figure 13 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism illustrating the relative position of a shield inserted into the pivot mechanism in an engaged / disengaged configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0079] Figure 14 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism illustrating the relative position of a shield inserted into the pivot mechanism in a raised configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0080] Figure 15 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism illustrating the relative position of a protective cover inserted into the pivot mechanism in a lowered configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0081] Figure 16 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism illustrating the relative position of a protective cover inserted into the pivot mechanism in a ventilated configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0082] Figure 17 A perspective view of a pivot mechanism and shield is shown, with the shield in a raised configuration, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0083] Figure 18 A perspective view of a pivot mechanism and a protective shield is shown, with the protective shield in a lowered configuration, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0084] Figure 19A and 19B Bottom views of a pivot mechanism and a shield are shown, with the shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0085] Figure 20 A perspective view of a base plate of a pivot mechanism is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0086] Figure 21 Shown is a perspective exploded view of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0087] Figure 22 Shown is a perspective exploded view of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0088] Figure 23 A perspective view of an assembled pivot mechanism is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0089] Figure 24A and 24B Views of a pivot mechanism and a shield are shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, with the shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively.

[0090] Figure 25A and 25B Cross-sectional views of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter are shown with the shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively.

[0091] Figure 26A and 26B Views of a pivot mechanism base plate are shown with a shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter.

[0092] Figure 27A and 27B Views of a helmet including a pivot mechanism and a shield are shown, with the shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosed subject matter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The present disclosure, its aspects, and embodiments are not limited to the specific helmet or material types, or examples of other system components, or methods disclosed herein. Numerous additional components, manufacturing, and assembly processes known in the art consistent with helmet manufacture are contemplated for use with specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, for example, while specific embodiments are disclosed, such embodiments and implementations may include any components, models, types, materials, versions, quantities, and / or the like known in the art for such systems and implementations, consistent with the intended operation.

[0094] The terms "exemplary," "example," or various forms thereof, are used herein to refer to examples, instances, or illustrations. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" or "example" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Furthermore, examples are provided for clarity and understanding purposes only and are not intended to limit or restrict the subject matter of the present disclosure or the relevant portions thereof in any way. It should be understood that although numerous additional or alternative examples of varying scopes could be proposed, these have been omitted for the sake of brevity.

[0095] While the present disclosure encompasses many different forms of embodiments, specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and will be described in detail herein, with the understanding that the present disclosure should be considered as illustrative of the principles of the disclosed methods and systems rather than limiting the broad aspects of the disclosed concepts to the embodiments shown.

[0096] Unless otherwise expressly stated, the terms "inner," "interior," and "interior of..." as used herein refer to a relative position toward a portion of a helmet that is or will be closer to the wearer's head. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the terms "external," "outer," and "exterior" as used herein refer to a relative position toward a portion of a helmet that is or will be closer to the exterior of the helmet and further away from or will be further away from the wearer's head. Similarly, terms such as "front," "forward," "back," "rearward," "side," "right," "left," "bottom," "lower," "top," "upper," "convex," "forehead," "crown," and the like refer to portions of a helmet or features thereof relative to how the helmet is worn by a user of the helmet.

[0097] The terms "pivot mechanism," "hinge mechanism," and "hinge plate" are used interchangeably herein to refer to a device configured to engage an end of a helmet shield and provide a track for the shield so that it can be raised or lowered.

[0098] The helmets described herein can be used for cyclists, rugby players, hockey players, baseball players, lacrosse players, polo players, mountaineers, car racers, motorcyclists, off-road motorcyclists, skiers, snowboarders or other snow or water athletes, skydivers or athletes of any other sport. Other industries also use protective helmets, so individuals employed in other industries and jobs, such as construction workers, soldiers, firefighters, pilots or types of work and activities, may also use or need safety helmets, where similar techniques and methods can also be applied. Each of the sports, occupations or activities listed above can use a protective helmet, which includes an outer shell, internal energy absorbing or energy management materials and a shield for protecting the wearer's eyes or face. For convenience, protective helmets can generally be divided into in-mold helmets and hard shell helmets. In-mold helmets can include one or more layers, including a thin outer shell, an energy absorbing layer or an impact liner and a comfort liner or a conforming liner. Hard shell helmets can include a hard shell, an impact liner and a comfort liner. The hard shell can be formed by injection molding and can include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic or other similar or suitable materials. The outer shell of a hard shell helmet is usually made hard enough to resist impact and puncture, and meets relevant safety test standards, and has enough elasticity simultaneously, is slightly deformed during impact, absorbs energy by deformation, thereby contributes to energy management. Hard shell helmets can be used as skating helmets, motorcycle helmets, snow and water sports helmets, football helmets, batting helmets, catcher's helmets, hockey helmets, and can be used for BMX riding and competition. Although the various aspects and embodiments proposed in this disclosure focus on the embodiments comprising hard shell helmets or helmets comprising outer shells, the disclosure also relates to and is applicable to other helmets, applications and embodiments that can advantageously apply the principles and features discussed herein. Like this, every place that uses a traditional helmet can use the helmet comprising a pivot mechanism disclosed herein to utilize additional benefits as described herein.

[0099] The present disclosure provides a pivot or hinge mechanism for a helmet or protective headgear comprising an outer shell and a protective shield, such as a visor or eye shield, wherein the pivot mechanism provides the ability to pivot the shield between a raised (open) position and a lowered (closed) position. The pivot mechanism further provides that when the shield is rotated to the lowered position, the shield moves rearward relative to the helmet. The pivot mechanism may also provide that when the shield is rotated to the lowered position, the end of the shield moves inward relative to the helmet.

[0100] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, a helmet exhibits a high degree of bilateral symmetry, meaning that the two sides of the helmet are essentially mirror images of one another. A shield on a helmet typically protects the wearer's face and surrounds the helmet on both sides, centered about a pivot point or fulcrum at which the shield articulates between a raised position and a lowered position. It will also be appreciated that a helmet may include a pair of pivot or hinge mechanisms as described herein, one on each side of the helmet, wherein each pivot mechanism engages an end of the shield, wherein the pivot mechanisms are essentially mirror images of one another. A helmet may, but need not, include a pair of such pivot mechanisms with a shield therebetween. For simplicity of presentation, a single pivot mechanism is described and illustrated in the figures herein.

[0101] The following figures illustrate specific embodiments of the pivot mechanism. For ease of illustration, open arrows in the figures indicate the direction toward the front of the helmet, including the pivot mechanism and / or shield. In the figures, unless otherwise indicated, the pivot mechanism and its components are viewed from the outside of the helmet, toward the right side of the helmet.

[0102] Figure 1 A bottom view of a base plate of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. Base plate 100 is configured to be attached to the outer shell of a helmet (not shown). In this view, the base plate is viewed from the right exterior side of the helmet. Base plate 100 includes a planar area 101 having a first surface, a second surface, a first end 102, a second end 103, a first side 104, and a second side 105. Base plate 100 includes a raised portion near first end 102 defining a curved surface 106, a raised portion 108 near first side 104, and a raised portion 109 near second side 105. A portion of raised portion 108 near first side 104 and a portion of raised portion 109 near second side 105 are arranged parallel to each other and define a slide rail. Curved surface 106 and raised portion 108 further define a retaining groove 107 at the front upper corner of the base plate. A retaining post 110 is provided at the rear upper corner of the base plate. Through holes 111a and 111b provide locations where base plate 100 can be secured to the helmet shell using screws, rivets or other fasteners (not shown). An elongated hole 115 is provided in planar region 101 . Figure 1 Also shown is a first resilient member, namely a coil spring 120, which can engage with the base plate at the detent post 110, as indicated by the dashed arrow. Coil spring 120 is one non-limiting example of a first resilient member. Other types of springs, such as V-shaped springs or cantilever springs, are also contemplated. As discussed further below, spring 120 is configured to engage with pivot member 200 and urge pivot member 200 toward first end 102 of base plate 100.

[0103] Figure 2A bottom cross-sectional view of a pivot member 200 and a detent member 300 of a pivot mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown.

[0104] The pivot member 200 includes a body 201 having a first surface 201a, a second surface 201b, a first end 202, a second end 203, a first side 204, and a second side 205. The body 201 is configured to engage with a pivot post of the protective cover. The first side 204 and the second side 205 have sliding rails 208 and 209, respectively, configured to slidably engage with the sliding rails 108 and 109 near the first side 104 and the second side 105, respectively, of the base plate 100. The first side 204 and the second side 205 have extensions 211 and 212, respectively, extending beyond the second end 205, defining a space between the extensions 211 and 212. The pivot member 200 also includes a detent post 210 proximate the first side 204. The detent post 210 is configured to engage with the first elastic member, i.e., the spring 120. The pivot member 200 further includes a detent post 213 near the second end 203, the detent post 213 being configured to engage with a first end of a second resilient member, a coil spring 220. The coil spring 220 is a non-limiting example of a second resilient member. Other types of springs, such as a V-shaped spring or a cantilever spring, are contemplated.

[0105] The second surface 201b includes a keyhole opening 214 having a wide dimension 214a proximate the first end 202 of the body 201 and a narrow dimension 214b proximate the second end 203 of the body 201. Through the keyhole opening 214 is visible a panel 215 having flanges 216a and 216b.

[0106] Figure 2 Also shown is an arcuate detent member 300 having a first end 302, a second end 303, and a raised portion 301 comprising a convex surface including a first detent position 304 proximate the first end 302 and a second detent position 305 proximate the second end 303. In this embodiment, the detent member further includes another detent position 304a adjacent to the first detent position 304, and an area between the first detent position and the second detent position, the area including a plurality of small serrated detents 306. The detent member 300 also includes a first sliding extension or flange 311 on the first end 302 configured to slidably engage the extension 211 of the first side 204 of the pivot member 200, and a second sliding extension or flange 312 on the second end 303 configured to slidably engage the extension 212 of the second side 205 of the pivot member 200.

[0107] The dotted arrows show how the detent member engages the pivot member 200 with the spring 220 disposed therebetween. As discussed further below, the second resilient member, spring 220, engages the second end of the pivot member 200 and the detent member 300 and is configured to urge the detent member 300 away from the second end 203 of the pivot member 200.

[0108] Figure 3 Shown Figure 2 2 is a perspective view of the pivot member 200. This view shows that the body 201 of the pivot member includes a cavity or void 217 within the body 201, defined by a first end 202, a second end 203, a first side 204, and a second side 205. Also shown is a notch 211a on the protrusion 211, which is configured to slidably engage a flange 311 on the detent member 300. A similar notch, not visible in this view, is configured to slidably engage a flange 312 on the detent member 300.

[0109] Figure 4 Shown Figure 2 FIG2 is a reverse bottom view of the pivot member 200. The figure shows a notch 211a on the protrusion 211, which is configured to slidably engage with a flange 311 on the detent member 300. A similar notch 212a is configured to slidably engage with a flange 312 on the detent member 300. These notches are arranged parallel to each other so that the detent member 300 can move forward and backward relative to the pivot member 200 along the track defined by the notches.

[0110] The first surface 201a of the body 201 includes a panel 215 connected to the pivot member 200 at a first end thereof, near the first end 202. An arcuate slot 201c in the first surface 201a separates the side and second (free) end of the panel 215 from the first surface. The slot 201c provides a view of the opening 214 of the second surface 201 of the pivot member 200 from behind the panel 215. The panel 215 is sized so that the second (free) end can pass through the hole 115 in the base plate 100 when pushed inward by a protrusion of a protective cover inserted into the opening 214, as will be discussed further below.

[0111] Figure 5is an exploded perspective view of the pivot mechanism, illustrating how pivot member 200 engages base plate 100, as indicated by the dashed arrows. Base plate 100 includes a portion of raised portion 108 proximate first side 104 and a portion of raised portion 109 proximate second side 105, disposed parallel to each other. Raised portion 108 and raised portion 109 each include a face perpendicular to generally planar region 101, and flanges 108a and 109a, wherein the flanges are parallel to and spaced above the first surface of generally planar region 101 to provide a recess or notch. Raised portions 108 and 109 define slide rails that are engaged by slide rails 208 and 209 of pivot member 200.

[0112] The pivot member 200 includes a body 201 having a planar first surface 201a, wherein the first surface 201a of the pivot member 200 and the first surface of the base plate planar region 101 face each other and are slidably engaged when the slide rails 208 and 209 are inserted into the grooves of the protrusions 108 and 109 of the base plate 100. When slidably engaged, the pivot member 200 can slide forward (toward the first end 102 of the base plate 100) or backward (toward the second end 103 of the base plate 100) relative to the base plate 100.

[0113] The pivot member includes a first convex end 202 having a curve substantially complementary to the arcuate surface 106 of the raised portion near the first end 102 of the base plate 100 . The second end 203 has a convex surface having a curve substantially complementary to the concave surface of the detent member 300 .

[0114] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the assembled pivot mechanism.

[0115] As described above, the shield includes an arcuate portion that wraps around the front of the helmet and two ends that engage with pivot mechanisms on either side of the helmet. In the following figures, for simplicity, only one end 400 of the shield is shown. Shield end 400 is configured to engage with the pivot mechanism disclosed herein. The other end of the shield will be a mirror image of the depicted shield end 400. The shield and its components are typically composed of clear plastic, with the option of colored plastic.

[0116] Figure 7A perspective view of a shield end 400 as viewed from the inside of a helmet according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. The shield end 400 includes a generally flat area 401 that extends into the arcuate region of the shield, as shown. The shield end includes a pivot portion that includes a shaft 402 extending from its outer surface to the inner surface shown. A pivot 403 extends inwardly from the shaft 402 to a flange 404 at the end of the pivot 403. A hole 405 communicates with a passage that passes through the flange 404, the post 403, and into the shaft 402. A first latching post 406 is disposed on the inner side of the shield end 400 in front of the pivot portion. A second latching post 407 is disposed on the inner side of the shield end 400 behind the pivot portion.

[0117] Figure 8 A perspective exploded view of a shield assembly from outside a helmet according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. In this figure, for ease of illustration, region 401 is depicted as a flat, narrow blade connected to circular region 401a. The opening of well 402 is shown as 402a. Flange 404 is shown behind circular region 401a. Detent posts 406 and 407 are shown on approximately opposite sides of circular region 401a. Release button 408 is configured to access opening 402a and release button 408. Figure 7 402a. A release button 408 includes a wide, flat area 408a sized to fit within opening 402a. A button post 408b is sized to fit within hole 405. An annular groove 408c engages a locking ring 409 inserted into hole 405 so that when button 408 is pushed inward, it slidably locks within shield end 400. Locking ring 409 can be made of metal, such as steel. An optional spring 410 can be disposed around post 408b so that it compresses when button 408 is pushed inward and expands when the internal pressure on button 408 is released, thereby providing a "pop-out" action for button 408.

[0118] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a protective cover assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. Figure 9 , button 408 is shown inserted into well 402 of protective cover 400 and into the passage between well 402 and hole 405. It is secured in the passage by a locking ring 409, which is configured to engage an annular constriction 405a at the top of hole 405 and an annular groove 408c on button post 408b, thereby preventing the button 408 from being removed. A spring 410 is shown in well 402 inwardly of button top 408a.

[0119] Figure 10A reverse side view of the shield assembly 400 as viewed from the inside of the helmet is shown. The shield end 400 includes a generally flat region 401, which, if shown, would extend into the curved region of the shield. A button post 408b is shown inserted into an aperture 405 and surrounded by a pivot post flange 404. A first detent post 406 is disposed on the inside of the shield end 400 forward of the pivot portion. A second detent post 407 is disposed on the inside of the shield end 400 rearward of the pivot portion. Detent posts 406 and 407 are shown on approximately diametrically opposed sides of the shield end pivot region.

[0120] Figure 11 An exploded view of the shield assembly and pivot mechanism 10 is shown according to an exemplary embodiment. The shield assembly 400 is as described above with respect to Figure 8 、 9 and 10. To engage or install the shield end 400 into the pivot mechanism 10, the pivot flange 404 is inserted into the larger end 214a of the locking hole 214 of the pivot member 200, the size of which allows the pivot flange 404 to pass through the cavity 217 of the pivot member 200. At the same time, the locking post 406 is inserted into the front end of the locking groove 107. The pivot flange 404 engages with the flanges 216a and 216b of the panel 215 and pushes the panel 215 inwardly (downward in this view) into the hole 115 of the base plate 100 (see FIG. Figure 12 ). Optionally, an inward push button 408 can facilitate pushing the panel 215 inward. Moving the shield end 400 rearward (to the left in this view) allows the pivot 403 to enter the smaller end 214b of the keyhole 214, which is sized to allow the pivot 403 to pass through but blocks the pivot flange 404. The pivot flange 404 also clears the flanges 216a and 216b on the panel 215, realigning the panel 215 with the first surface 201a of the pivot member 200. The flanges 216a and 216b engage the front of the pivot flange 404, the panel 215 engages the inside (bottom) face of the pivot flange 404, and the inside face of the second surface 201b of the pivot member 200 engages the outside (top) face of the pivot flange 404, trapping it in the cavity 217.

[0121] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the shield assembly inserted into the pivot mechanism 10 is shown. In this view, the button 408 is pushed inward, forcing the faceplate 215 inward and connected to the flanges 216a and 216b, through the hole 215 of the base plate 100, providing clearance for the pivot flange 404 to move within the cavity 217. As described above, moving the pivot post 403 rearward engages the shield with the pivot mechanism 10. Moving the post 403 forward disengages the shield from the pivot mechanism 10.

[0122] Figure 131 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism 10 showing the relative position of the shield inserted into the pivot mechanism in the engaged / disengaged configuration according to an exemplary embodiment. For ease of illustration, the shield is not shown, but the positions of certain features of the shield are indicated by dashed lines. As described above, the shield end 400 is engaged to the pivot mechanism 10 by inserting the pivot post 403 and the pivot flange 404, which is located at the center of the larger end 214a of the lock hole 214 and is sized to allow the pivot flange 404 to pass through. The locking post 406 is inserted into the front end of the locking groove 107. The locking post 407 is set forward at the locking position 305 adjacent to the protrusion 301 of the locking member 300. As shown Figure 14 As shown, the shield end 400 is moved rearwardly to lock the shield end 400 in the pivot mechanism 10 .

[0123] Figure 14 FIG2 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism 10, illustrating the relative position of a protective shield inserted into the pivot mechanism 10 in a raised configuration according to an exemplary embodiment. Typically, this configuration of the protective shield is used when the wearer is not riding a motorcycle at high speeds, eliminating the need for eye protection and allowing ventilation to the wearer's face. In this view, the pivot post 403 is located at the center of the smaller end 214b of the locking hole 214. The pivot flange 404 is engaged by flanges 216a and 216b, locking it within the cavity 217 of the pivot member 200. A detent post 406 is positioned at the rear end of the detent slot 107. The detent post 407 is positioned rearwardly at the detent position 305, adjacent to the raised portion 301 and proximate to the second end 303 of the detent member 300. The pivot member 200 is positioned forwardly so that its first end 202 contacts the curved surface 106 of the base plate 100. The spring 120 is in an expanded state, causing the pivot member 200 to advance relative to the base plate 100. The spring 220 is in a compressed state, causing the latch member 300 to move backward relative to the base plate 100, causing it to tightly press against the latch post 407. In the raised position, the protective shield is close to the forehead area of the helmet, exposing the eyes and / or face of the helmet wearer.

[0124] Figure 15is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism 10, showing the relative position of a shield inserted into the pivot mechanism 10 in a lowered configuration according to an exemplary embodiment. The user can rotate the shield downward from the raised configuration to this position. In the lowered position, the shield is positioned in front of the eyes and / or face of the helmet wearer. Typically, this configuration of the shield is used when the wearer needs to protect their eyes when riding a motorcycle at high speed. In this view, the pivot post 403 is located at the center of the smaller end 214b of the lock hole 214, and the pivot flange 404 is engaged by the flanges 216a and 216b to lock it in the cavity 217 of the pivot member 200. The locking post 406 is disposed between the arcuate surface 106 of the base plate 100 and the first end 202 of the pivot member 200. The locking post 407 is disposed at the locking position 304 of the protrusion 301 near the first end 302 of the locking member 300. Figure 14 Compared to the raised configuration shown in FIG, the pivot member 200 is positioned rearward relative to the base plate 100. The spring 120 is compressed, urging the pivot member 200 forward relative to the base plate 100. The spring 220 is expanded, urging the detent member 300 rearward relative to the base plate 100, causing it to press against the detent post 407. When the wearer moves the shield between the raised and lowered configurations, the spring 220 provides a force urging the detent member 300 rearward relative to the pivot member 200. As the shield rotates, the detent post 407 pushes the detent member 300 forward against the spring 200 until the detent post 407 enters the locked position, at which point the spring expands, pushing the detent member firmly against the detent post 407. This forces the detent member 300 against the detent post 407, thereby resisting unintended movement of the detent post 407 along the curve of the detent member 300. A plurality of small detent locations 306 between detent locations 304 and 305 provide additional points at which the pivot mechanism can prevent unintended rotational movement of the shield end. The alternating compression / expansion configuration of springs 120 and 220 provides an expansion force that encourages the pivot mechanism to maintain the shield in the desired position unless intentionally moved by the helmet user.

[0125] Figure 16 FIG3 is a bottom view of the pivot mechanism, illustrating the relative position of the shield inserted into the pivot mechanism in the ventilating configuration, according to an exemplary embodiment. As discussed above, it is desirable to be able to ventilate while maintaining the outer shield in front of the wearer's face / eyes. In this view, detent post 406 has been moved upward along the curved surface 106 of the base plate 100, with detent post 407 positioned in detent position 304a. This detent position rotates the shield approximately 10 degrees compared to the lowered configuration.

[0126] Figure 17A perspective view of the pivot mechanism 10 and the shield 400 is shown, wherein the shield 400 is in a raised configuration according to an exemplary embodiment. This perspective view is from the interior of the helmet, looking toward the right side of the helmet containing the pivot mechanism 10. In this view, the base plate 100 has been removed for ease of illustration. Detent posts 406 are shown disposed near the upper corners of the first end 202 of the pivot member 300. Detent posts 407 are shown near the second end 303 of the detent member 200. The spring 120 is shown expanded, indicating that the pivot member 200 has moved forward relative to the base plate 100.

[0127] Figure 18 A perspective view of a pivot mechanism and shield according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter is shown, with the shield in a lowered configuration. The perspective view is from the interior of the helmet, looking toward the left side of the helmet containing the pivot mechanism 10. In this view, the base plate 100 has been removed for ease of illustration. Detent post 406 is shown disposed near the center of the first end 202 of the pivot member 200. Detent post 407 is shown disposed proximate the first end 303 of the detent member 300. Spring 120 is shown compressed, indicating rearward movement of the pivot member 200 relative to the base plate 100.

[0128] Figure 19A and 19B A bottom view of the pivot mechanism and the shield is shown with the shield in a raised and lowered configuration, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 19A , it is shown that the latching post 406 and the latching post 407 are respectively disposed in the latching slot 107 and the latching position 305 of the base plate 100, indicating that the protective cover 400 is in the raised configuration. Figure 19B 4 , the detent post 406 is shown moved to the front end of the base plate 100 and the detent post 407 is shown disposed in the detent position 304 , indicating that the protective cover 400 is in the lowered configuration. Figure 19B and Figure 19A A comparison of the figures shows that the well 402 on the shield 400 has moved rearwardly (to the left in this view) relative to the base plate 100. It also shows that the detent member 300 has also moved rearwardly relative to the base plate 100. Because both the well 402 and the detent member 300 are engaged with the pivot member 200 (not visible in this view), they indicate that the pivot member 200 has also moved rearwardly relative to the base plate 100. This rearward movement is indicated by the dashed arrow.

[0129] Figures 1 to 19B The illustrated hinge plate shows an embodiment of the hinge plate 10 that provides rotational translation and rearward translation for the shield 400 engaged with the hinge plate 10. The following figures show an embodiment of the hinge plate 50 that provides rotational translation, rearward translation, and inward translation for the shield 400 engaged with the hinge plate 10.

[0130] Figure 20 A perspective view of a base plate 500 of the pivot mechanism 50 according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. The base plate 500 is configured to be connected to the outer shell of a helmet (not shown). In this view, the base plate is viewed from the outside of the right side of the helmet. The base plate 500 includes a planar area 501 having a first surface, a second surface, a first end 502, a second end 503, a first side 504, and a second side 505. The base plate 500 includes a raised portion near the first end 502 and defining an arcuate surface 506, a raised portion 508 near the first side 504, and a raised portion 509 near the second side 505, wherein a portion of the raised portion 508 near the first side 504 and a portion of the raised portion 509 near the second side 505 are arranged parallel to each other and define a stepped track. In the view shown, the upper portion 508a and the lower portion 508b of the raised portion 508 define a track that includes a plurality of ramp segments that slope toward the rear of the base plate 500 and define a stepped recess in the raised portion 508. A similar recess is defined in the raised portion 509, which is not visible in this view. Features 502b, 504b, and 505b are portions of the base plate 500 and are not shown in FIG. Figure 21 and 22 . The raised portions 506 and 508 also define a retaining groove 507 at the front upper corner of the base plate. A retaining post 510 is provided at the rear upper corner of the base plate. Through holes 511a and 511b provide locations where screws, rivets or other fasteners (not shown) can be used to secure the base plate 500 to the helmet shell. An elongated hole 515 is provided in the planar area 501. The stepped recesses of the raised portions 508 and 509 are the main difference between the base plate 100 and the base plate 500. All other features are substantially the same between the base plates 100 and 500 and provide the same functions.

[0131] Figure 21 A perspective exploded view of a pivot mechanism 50 according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. The figure shows that, for ease of manufacturing, the base plate 500 is formed into two separate components 500a and 500b. These components can be clamped together by engaging raised portions 502b, 504b, and 505b on the lower base plate 500b with complementary recesses 502a, 504a, and 505a on the upper base plate 500a. Flanges on 502b, 504b, and 505b facilitate this engagement.

[0132] Figure 21Also shown is a pivot member 600, which includes a body 601 having a first surface 601a, a second surface 601b, a first end 602, a second end 603, a first side 604, and a second side 605, configured to engage with the pivot post of the protective cover. The first side 604 and the second side 605 each have a stepped track 608 (not shown in this view) and 609, configured to engage with stepped track recesses in the raised portions 508 and 509 near the first side 504 and the second side 505, respectively, of the base plate 500. The first side 604 and the second side 605 each have extensions 611 and 612 extending beyond the second end 605 to define a space therebetween. The pivot member 600 also includes a detent post 610 proximate the first side 604, configured to engage with the first resilient member, i.e., the spring 120. The pivot member 600 also includes a detent post 613 near the second end 603, which is configured to engage the first end of the second resilient member, i.e., the coil spring 220. The second surface 601b includes a keyhole opening 614 having a wide dimension 614a near the first end 602 of the body 601 and a narrow dimension 614b near the second end 603 of the body 601. A panel 615 having flanges 616a and 616b is visible through the keyhole opening 614.

[0133] The stepped tracks in 608 and 609 are Figures 2 to 5 The main differences between pivot member 200 and pivot member 600 are shown in FIG. All other features are substantially the same between pivot members 200 and 600 and provide the same functionality.

[0134] Figure 21 Also shown are the arc-shaped latching member 300, the spring 120 and the spring 220, which are similar to those described above. Figure 2 The features are the same and the functions are the same.

[0135] Figure 22 A perspective exploded view of a pivot mechanism 50 is shown, according to an exemplary embodiment, illustrating the pivot mechanism 50 and the pivot mechanism 50 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 21 The figure shows the opposite side. The figure shows a notch 611a on the protrusion 611, which is configured to slideably engage with the flange 311 on the locking member 300. A similar notch 612a is configured to slideably engage with the flange 312 on the locking member 300. These notches are arranged parallel to each other, so that the locking member 300 can move forward and backward relative to the pivot member 600 along the track defined by the notches.

[0136] The first surface 601a of the body 601 includes a panel 615 connected to the pivot member 600 at a first end thereof near the first end 602. An arcuate slot 601c in the first surface 601a separates the side and second (free) end of the panel 615 from the first surface. The slot 601c provides a view of the opening 614 of the second surface 601 of the pivot member 600 from behind the panel 615. The panel 615 is sized so that the second (free) end can pass through the hole 515 of the base plate 500 when pushed inward by a protrusion of a protective cover inserted into the opening 614.

[0137] Figure 23 A perspective assembled view of pivot mechanism 50 is shown according to an exemplary embodiment. When assembled, the stepped track and the stepped rail are disposed within pivot mechanism 50 and are not visible. Pivot mechanism 50 functions substantially the same as pivot mechanism 10, rotating and translating shield 400 rearwardly while also providing inward translation of the shield when the shield moves from a raised configuration to a lowered configuration.

[0138] Figure 24A and 24B 1 shows a bottom view of the pivot mechanism 50 and the shield according to an exemplary embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter, with the shield in raised and lowered configurations, respectively. Figure 24A , the figure shows that the locking post 406 and the locking post 407 are respectively arranged in the locking groove 107 and the locking position 305 of the base plate 500, indicating that the protective cover 400 is in the raised configuration.

[0139] exist Figure 24B , the detent post 406 is shown moved to the front end of the base plate 500 and the detent post 407 is shown disposed in the detent position 304, indicating that the protective cover 400 is in its lowered configuration. Figure 24B and Figure 24A A comparison of the figures shows that the hoistway 402 on the shield 400 has moved rearward (leftward in this view) and inward (downward in this view) relative to the base plate 500. It also shows that the detent member 300 has also moved rearward relative to the base plate 500. Because both the hoistway 402 and the detent member 300 are engaged with the pivot member 600 (not visible in this view), they indicate that the pivot member 600 has also moved rearward relative to the base plate 500. This rearward movement is indicated by the dashed arrow.

[0140] Figure 25A and 25B sectional views of the pivot mechanism 50 and the shield 400 are shown, with the shield 400 in the raised and lowered configurations, respectively. Figure 25A, the detent post 406 is shown in the detent slot 507 of the base plate 500, indicating that the shield 400 is in the raised configuration. The first end 602 of the pivot member is adjacent to the curved surface 506 at the front end 502b of the base plate 500, indicating that it is in a forward position relative to the base plate 500. The shield pivot 403 and the pivot flange 404 are disposed within the pivot member 600, adjacent to its second end 603. The pivot member 600, and the shield 400 engaged therewith, are shown in an outward configuration, as indicated by the stepped track 508b visible between the pivot member 600 and the inward portion of the base plate 500.

[0141] exist Figure 25B , the detent post 406 is shown moved proximate the front end 502 of the base plate 500 and the detent post 407 is shown disposed in the detent position 304 , indicating that the protective cover 400 is in its lowered configuration. Figure 25B and Figure 25A Comparison of the figures shows that the well 402 on the shield 400 and the second end 603 of the pivot member 600 have moved rearward (leftward in this view) relative to the base plate 500. It also shows that the latch member 300 has also moved rearward relative to the base plate 500. Figure 25A Compared with Figure 25B Shield body 401 is moved closer to base plate 500. Pivot member 600 has also moved inward, obscuring stepped track 508b. These arrangements indicate that, in this embodiment of the pivot mechanism, the pivot mechanism provides rearward and inward translation of the pivot position of shield 400 as the shield pivots from the raised position to the lowered position. These rearward and inward movements are indicated by the dashed arrows.

[0142] Figure 26A and 26B 1 and 2 illustrate views of the pivot mechanism base plate 500 when the shield 400 is in the raised and lowered configurations, respectively. In the raised shield position, the position of the stepped track 608 of the pivot member 600 is positioned forward within the stepped track outlined by 508a and 508b, as indicated by the dashed lines. Similarly, the stepped track 609 of the pivot member 600 is positioned forward within the stepped track outlined by 509a and 509b (not visible in this view). As indicated by the dashed oval, the retaining post 406 is disposed within the retaining slot 507 of the base plate 500. The first end 602 of the pivot member is positioned proximate the curved surface 506 and is located at the front end 502b of the base plate 500, as indicated by the dashed lines, in a forward position relative to the base plate 500.

[0143] exist Figure 26BIn the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , when the protective cover is in the lowered position, the stepped track 608 of the pivot member 600 is positioned rearward within the stepped track defined by dashed lines 508a and 508b. The retaining post 406 is positioned adjacent to the curved surface 506 of the base plate 500, as indicated by the dashed ellipse. As indicated by the dashed curve, the first end 602 of the pivot member is positioned at the front end 502b of the base plate 500, rearward relative to the base plate 500, and separated from the curved surface 506 by the retaining post 406.

[0144] Figure 27A and 27B Shown are views of a helmet 700 comprising a hinge mechanism 10 (or 50, not shown) and a shield 450 in raised and lowered configurations. In these views, the shield 450 is shown as transparent in order to show the hinge mechanism 10 or 50.

[0145] As described above, a helmet may include two pivot mechanisms disclosed herein, one on each side of the helmet, with a shield therebetween. The second of the two pivot mechanisms may be a mirror image of the first.

[0146] In the examples, embodiments, and implementation reference examples described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other helmets and devices, as well as examples, may be combined with or substituted for those provided, as virtually any component consistent with the intended operation of the method, system, or implementation may be utilized. Thus, for example, while specific component examples may be disclosed, such components may be comprised of any shape, size, style, type, model, version, grade, metering, concentration, material, weight, quantity, and / or the like, consistent with the intended implementation purpose, method, and / or system. While specific embodiments of helmets and pivot mechanisms have been mentioned above, it will be apparent that numerous modifications may be made without departing from the spirit thereof, and that these embodiments and implementations may also be applied to other equipment and device technologies. Therefore, the presently disclosed subject matter is intended to encompass all such variations, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure and are within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Therefore, the presently disclosed embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims

1. A hinge mechanism for a helmet shield, comprising: (a) a base plate configured to be connected to the outer shell of the helmet, the base plate comprising: a planar area having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, a raised portion proximate the first end, a raised portion proximate the first side, and a raised portion proximate the second side, wherein the raised portion proximate the first end defines a curved surface; A portion of the raised portion near the first side and a portion of the raised portion near the second side are arranged parallel to each other and define a track having a stepped structure; (b) a pivot member engaged with the base plate, comprising a planar region having a first surface, a second surface, a first end, a second end, a first side, and a second side, the pivot member being configured to engage a pivot post of the shield; the shield being configured to rotate about a pivot point between a raised position and a lowered position, and wherein the pivot member is configured to move the pivot point of the shield rearwardly in the helmet when the shield is lowered; The first side and the second side each have a stepped track, the tracks on the first side and the second side being configured to engage tracks adjacent the first side and the second side, respectively, of the base; and The first side and the second side each have an extension extending beyond the second end, defining a space between the extensions of the first side and the second side; (c) an arcuate latch member having a first end, a second end, a raised portion including a convex surface, a first sliding extension on the first end, and a second sliding extension on the second end; wherein the convex surface includes a first latch position near the first end and a second latch position near the second end, the first sliding extension is configured to slideably engage with an extension on a first side of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension is configured to slideably engage with an extension on a second side of the pivot member; (d) a first resilient member engaged with the base plate and the second end of the pivot member, the first resilient member being configured to urge the pivot member toward the first end of the base plate; and (e) a second elastic member engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the detent member, the second elastic member being configured to move the detent member away from the second end of the pivot member.

2. The hinge mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The first elastic component includes a spring.

3. The hinge mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The second elastic member includes a spring.

4. The hinge mechanism according to claim 1 is further provided with a stopper to position the protective cover in a ventilation position.

5. The hinge mechanism of claim 1 , configured to draw the shield inwardly toward the helmet when the shield is moved to the lowered position.

6. The hinge mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: (a) the first and second ends of the pivot member are convex ends; The first surface of the pivot member and the first surface of the base plate face each other; the first protruding end of the pivot member has a curve that is substantially complementary to the arcuate surface of the protruding portion near the first end of the base plate; The extensions of the first side and the second side respectively have notches on the first surface of the pivot member; and The second surface of the pivot member is configured to engage a pivot post of the shield; (b) the arcuate latching member has a concave surface disposed between the first end and the second end and complementary to the second convex end of the pivot member, the convex surface optionally including one or more additional detent positions between the first detent position and the second detent position, the first sliding extension on the first end being configured to slidably engage with the notch of the first side extension of the pivot member, and the second sliding extension on the second end being configured to slidably engage with the notch of the second side extension of the pivot member; (c) the first resilient member engages the base plate proximate a first side and a second end of the base plate and engages the pivot member at an end of the stepped track proximate a first side and a second end of the pivot member; as well as (d) The second elastic member is engaged with the second end of the pivot member and the concave surface of the locking member.

7. The hinge mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: The first elastic component includes a spring.

8. The hinge mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: The second elastic member includes a spring.

9. The hinge mechanism according to claim 6, further provided with a stopper to position the protective cover in a ventilation position.

10. A helmet comprising the hinge mechanism of claim 1.

11. The helmet of claim 10, further comprising a shield engaged with the hinge mechanism.

12. The helmet according to claim 11, wherein The hinge mechanism is configured to draw the shield inwardly toward the helmet when the shield is moved to the lowered position.

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