A proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and specifically discloses a perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution for extending the service life of fuel cell electrodes and a preparation method thereof. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution comprises the following components by weight percentage: 24-28% of perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 40-48% of ethanol, and 26-34% of water. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin is obtained by subjecting a copolymer of perfluoro(vinyl ether)sulfonyl fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene to alkali washing and acid washing. This application uses a mixed solvent of ethanol and water to dissolve the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, slows down the evaporation rate of ethanol in the perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution during the preparation of the proton exchange membrane, helps to reduce defects in the proton exchange membrane, and extends the service life of the membrane electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and more specifically, to a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of fuel cell electrodes. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the mainstream hydrogen fuel cells include types such as PEMFC, PAFC, and SOFC. In 2021, among the global hydrogen fuel cells, PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrance Fuel Cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells) series products occupied an absolute dominant position, contributing more than 80% of the market share. The membrane electrode of PEMFC usually consists of a catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer, a flow field, and a bipolar plate. The preparation of both the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst layer requires the use of a proton exchange resin solution. The proton exchange membrane is usually formed by casting a proton exchange resin solution into a film and then drying it, while the catalyst layer is usually obtained by mixing a proton exchange resin solution and platinum carbon and then drying.

[0003] In the related art, there is a proton exchange resin solution and a proton exchange membrane. The proton exchange resin includes the following components by weight percentage: 32% perfluorosulfonic acid resin and 68% ethanol. The proton exchange membrane is prepared as follows: The proton exchange resin solution is cast into a film at room temperature and then dried by hot air at 80°C to obtain a proton exchange membrane with an average thickness of 120 μm.

[0004] Regarding the above related art, the inventor believes that when the proton exchange membrane is prepared using the proton exchange resin solution in the related art, the evaporation rate of ethanol is too fast under the condition of hot air drying, resulting in cracks in the proton exchange membrane and affecting the service life of the membrane electrode. Summary of the Invention

[0005] When the proton exchange membrane is prepared using the proton exchange resin solution in the related art, the evaporation rate of ethanol is too fast, which easily leads to cracks in the proton exchange membrane and affects the service life of the membrane electrode. To improve this defect, this application provides a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of fuel cell electrodes and its preparation method.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of fuel cell electrodes, adopting the following technical solution:

[0007] A proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode, the proton exchange resin solution comprising the following components by weight percentage: 24-28% perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 40-48% ethanol, 26-34% water, and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is obtained by subjecting a copolymer of perfluoroethylenevinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene to alkali washing and acid washing.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the related art, the present application uses a mixed solvent of ethanol and water to dissolve the perfluorosulfonic acid resin and reduces the contents of ethanol and perfluorosulfonic acid resin in the proton exchange resin solution. When the proton exchange resin solution of the present application is baked, since hydrogen bonds have been formed among water, ethanol and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, the evaporation rate of ethanol is slowed down, the formation of cracks in the proton exchange membrane is hindered, and the defects in the proton exchange membrane prepared with the proton exchange resin solution of the present application are relatively few, which helps to prolong the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0009] Preferably, the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is prepared according to the following method:

[0010] (1) Mix perfluoroethylenevinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride with a solvent to obtain a perfluoroethylenevinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution;

[0011] (2) Add an initiator to the perfluoroethylenevinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution, introduce tetrafluoroethylene gas into the perfluoroethylenevinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution, and then heat and stir for 1.5-2 h to obtain a perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin;

[0012] (3) Mix the perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin, a suspending agent and an alkali solution, stir for 28-32 h to obtain an alkaline resin, then perform acid washing on the alkaline resin with an acid washing solution, and then obtain the perfluorosulfonic acid resin after drying; in this step, the suspending agent is selected as bentonite, and the components of the acid washing solution include acrylic acid and hydrochloric acid.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application adds a suspending agent to the polymerization system during the preparation of the perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin. On the one hand, bentonite can play a suspending role in the polymerization system, and on the other hand, it can adsorb a part of acrylic acid in the acid washing solution. After the proton exchange membrane of the membrane electrode is prepared with the proton exchange resin solution of the present application, the acrylic acid adsorbed by bentonite can consume the free radicals generated during the power generation of the membrane electrode in the proton exchange membrane, thereby reducing the oxidative damage suffered by the proton exchange membrane and prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode. While the acrylic acid consumes free radicals, the free radicals also initiate the polymerization of acrylic acid to form polyacrylic acid, and the polyacrylic acid can capture and mask the free metal ions in the proton exchange membrane, hindering the penetration of the free metal ions into the proton exchange membrane, which helps to prolong the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0014] Preferably, in step (2) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a water retention agent is further added to the perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, during the forming of the proton exchange membrane, the water retention agent can reduce the loss of water in the proton exchange membrane, help alleviate the cracking of the proton exchange membrane, and extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0016] Preferably, the water retention agent is selected from polyacrylate or polyethylene glycol.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, both polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol can achieve the water retention effect. Among them, polyacrylate can be converted into polyacrylic acid after pickling, thereby increasing the acrylic acid content in the perfluorosulfonic acid resin solution, improving the capture and masking effect on metal ions, and extending the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0018] Preferably, the water retention agent further includes acrylamide.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, acrylamide can generate polyacrylamide under the action of free radicals generated by the electrode. Polyacrylamide improves the water retention performance of the proton exchange membrane and repairs the cracks in the proton exchange membrane, helping to reduce the damage of the proton exchange membrane and extending the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0020] Preferably, in step (3) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, the components of the pickling solution further include an antioxidant, and the antioxidant is a water-soluble organic compound containing a reducing group.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the antioxidant can alleviate the oxidation of the proton exchange membrane, thereby reducing the rate of defect generation in the proton exchange membrane and helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0022] Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from ascorbic acid or isoprene.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, both ascorbic acid and isoprene have reducibility and can play an antioxidant role. While antioxidizing, they can also graft with the unsaturated bonds in the platinum-carbon, hindering the oxidation failure of the platinum-carbon and helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode. Among them, the carboxyl group of ascorbic acid can also enhance the acidity of the pickling solution and reduce the possibility of incomplete pickling.

[0024] Preferably, in step (3) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, an anti-agglomerant is further added to the alkaline solution, and the anti-agglomerant is used to hinder the agglomeration of catalyst particles.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, when the platinum-carbon is used as the main catalyst in the membrane electrode catalyst layer, the platinum particles in the platinum-carbon will migrate into the proton exchange membrane and agglomerate while migrating. The anti-agglomerant can reduce the degree of agglomeration of the platinum particles migrating into the proton exchange membrane, thereby inhibiting the decline of the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst layer and helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0026] Preferably, the anti-agglomerant is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium vinyl sulfonate.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, both sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium vinyl sulfonate can be adsorbed on the surface of platinum particles, hindering the agglomeration of platinum particles while restricting the further migration of platinum particles. After pickling, sodium vinyl sulfonate can be converted into vinyl sulfonic acid, increasing the sulfonic acid group content in the proton exchange resin solution and improving the proton transfer efficiency in the proton exchange membrane. In addition, sodium vinyl sulfonate can polymerize with acrylic acid under the action of free radicals generated by electrode discharge, and the formed polymer can repair the cracks generated in the proton exchange membrane, helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of a fuel cell electrode, adopting the following technical solution.

[0029] A method for preparing a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of a fuel cell electrode includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) Mix perfluorosulfonic acid resin and ethanol, and obtain a perfluorosulfonic acid resin alcohol solution after shear treatment;

[0031] (2) Mix the perfluorosulfonic acid resin alcohol solution and water evenly to obtain a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of a fuel cell electrode.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the present application uses a mixture of ethanol and water as a solvent, and obtains a proton exchange resin solution for extending the service life of a fuel cell electrode after dissolving the perfluorosulfonic acid resin.

[0033] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present application uses a mixed solvent of ethanol and water to dissolve the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, slowing down the evaporation rate of ethanol in the proton exchange resin solution during the preparation of the proton exchange membrane, helping to reduce the defects in the proton exchange membrane and extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0035] 2. Preferably, the components of the pickling solution in this application include acrylic acid. After being adsorbed by bentonite, acrylic acid participates in the formation of the proton exchange membrane and can consume the free radicals generated by the membrane electrode within the proton exchange membrane, thereby reducing the oxidative damage suffered by the proton exchange membrane and extending the service life of the membrane electrode. While acrylic acid consumes free radicals, the free radicals also initiate the polymerization of acrylic acid to form polyacrylic acid. Polyacrylic acid can capture and mask the free metal ions in the proton exchange membrane, hindering the penetration of free metal ions into the proton exchange membrane, which also helps to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0036] 3. The method of this application uses a mixture of ethanol and water as a solvent. After dissolving the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a proton exchange resin solution that extends the service life of fuel cell electrodes is obtained. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following further elaborates on this application in combination with examples, preparation examples, and comparative examples. The raw materials involved in this application can all be obtained commercially.

[0038] Examples

[0039] Examples 1 - 5

[0040] The following takes Example 1 as an illustration.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] In this example, the proton exchange resin solution includes the following components by weight percentage: perfluorosulfonic acid resin 24%, ethanol 44%, and water 32%.

[0043] In this example, the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is prepared according to the following method:

[0044] (1) Use a peristaltic pump to inject 150 g of perfluoro(4 - methyl - 3,6 - dioxaoct - 7 - ene - 1 - sulfonyl fluoride) and 1400 g of 1,1,2 - trifluorotrichloroethane (the mass ratio of the two is 10.7:100) into a high - pressure reactor to obtain a perfluorosulfonyl vinyl ether solution;

[0045] (2) Load 60 mL of initiator solution into the sample bottle of the constant-flow pump. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle and pipeline with high-purity nitrogen, evacuate it. Charge tetrafluoroethylene into the high-pressure reaction kettle to raise the pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle to 0.6 MPa. Add 12 mL of initiator solution to the high-pressure reaction kettle with the constant-flow pump. After adding, when the temperature in the high-pressure reaction kettle rises to 40 °C, stir and react. During the reaction, add the initiator solution once every 1.5 h, for a total of 5 times. Except for the first and last times, after adding the initiator solution each time, adjust the pressure of tetrafluoroethylene in the high-pressure kettle to be 0.05 MPa lower than before. During the interval between adding the initiator, maintain the pressure of tetrafluoroethylene in the high-pressure kettle stable. After adding the initiator for the 5th time, continue to stir and react for 2 h, stop heating and relieve the pressure. After the reaction is completed, first purge the high-pressure reaction kettle with nitrogen for 30 minutes, collect the solid-liquid mixture in the high-pressure reaction kettle, and after subsequent treatments such as centrifugation, washing, and drying, obtain the final product perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin. In this step, the initiator is perfluorobutyryl peroxide, perfluorobutyryl peroxide is dissolved in 1,1,2-trifluorotrichloroethane, the concentration of perfluorobutyryl peroxide in the initiator solution is 25 mmol / L, 94.2 g, and the mass ratio of the initiator to perfluoro(4-methyl-3,6-dioxo-7-octene-1-sulfonyl fluoride) is 0.43:100.

[0046] (3) Mix perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin, suspending agent, and alkali solution according to a weight ratio of 5:1:16, stir for 24 h to obtain alkaline resin, and use 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid as the pickling solution to pickle the alkaline resin, and obtain perfluorosulfonic acid resin after drying. In this step, the suspending agent is bentonite, and the alkali solution is 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0047] As shown in Table 1, the main difference between Examples 1-4 lies in the different raw material ratios of the proton exchange resin solution.

[0048] Sample Perfluorosulfonic acid resin / % Ethanol / % Water / % Example 1 24 44 32 Example 2 26 40 34 Example 3 28 46 26 Example 4 26 48 26

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The difference between this example and Example 3 is that the pickling solution is obtained by mixing 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid and 1 mol / L acrylic acid according to a weight ratio of 1:3.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] The difference between this example and Example 5 is that in step (3) of preparing perfluorosulfonic acid resin, no suspending agent is added to the alkali solution.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] The difference between this example and Example 5 is that in step (2) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, while loading the initiator solution into the sample injection bottle, 20 g of a water retention agent is also added to the high-pressure reactor. The water retention agent is polyethylene glycol.

[0055] Example 8

[0056] The difference between this example and Example 7 is that the water retention agent is sodium polyacrylate.

[0057] Example 9

[0058] The difference between this example and Example 8 is that the water retention agent is composed of 10 g of sodium polyacrylate and 10 g of acrylamide.

[0059] Example 10

[0060] The difference between this example and Example 9 is that in step (2) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, the acid washing solution is a mixture of 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, 1 mol / L acrylic acid, and an antioxidant in a weight ratio of 1:3:0.2. The antioxidant is isoprene.

[0061] Example 11

[0062] The difference between this example and Example 10 is that the antioxidant is ascorbic acid.

[0063] Example 12

[0064] The difference between this example and Example 11 is that in step (2) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, the alkali solution is obtained by mixing 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and an anti-agglomerant in a weight ratio of 20:1. The anti-agglomerant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0065] Example 13

[0066] The difference between this example and Example 12 is that the anti-agglomerant is sodium vinyl sulfonate.

[0067] Comparative Example

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] A proton exchange resin solution includes the following components by weight percentage: 32% perfluorosulfonic acid resin and 68% ethanol. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin is obtained by subjecting a copolymer of perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene to alkali washing and acid washing. The preparation method refers to Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the proton exchange resin solution comprises the following components by weight percentage: perfluorosulfonic acid resin 24%, ethanol 12%, and water 64%.

[0072] Comparative Example 3

[0073] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the proton exchange resin solution comprises the following components by weight percentage: perfluorosulfonic acid resin 24%, and water 76%.

[0074] Performance detection test method

[0075] Samples were prepared as follows:

[0076] (1) At 20 °C, the proton exchange resin solution of the present application was cast into a film, and then hot air dried at 80 °C to obtain a proton exchange membrane with an average thickness of 120 μm;

[0077] (2) Platinum-carbon with a platinum mass fraction of 40%, the proton exchange resin solution of the present application, and water were mixed evenly according to a weight ratio of 3:1:24, and then sprayed onto one side of the proton exchange membrane at a Pt loading of 0.5 mg / cm 2 After drying, a cathode catalyst layer was obtained;

[0078] (3) Platinum-carbon with a platinum mass fraction of 40%, the proton exchange resin solution of the present application, 5% PTFE emulsion, and water were mixed evenly according to a weight ratio of 3:1:1:23, and sprayed onto one side of the proton exchange membrane at a Pt loading of 0.2 mg / cm 2 After drying, an anode catalyst layer was obtained;

[0079] (4) Using a hot press, a gas diffusion layer (TGP-H-60, produced by Toray Industries, Japan) was hot pressed onto the surfaces of the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer. The mold temperature of the hot press was 140 °C, the hot press pressure was 5 MPa, and the hot press time was controlled at 1 min to obtain a membrane electrode sample. The effective area of the membrane electrode sample was 25 cm 2 .

[0080] After obtaining the samples, referring to the "T / CAAMTB 12-2020 Test Method for Membrane Electrodes of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells", an accelerated test of the electrocatalyst durability of the membrane electrode samples was carried out. At the beginning of the test, the initial power density of the membrane electrode samples was first measured, and then high-purity nitrogen and hydrogen with a relative humidity RH of 100% were introduced into the cathode and anode respectively. The inlet gas flow rates of the cathode and anode were both 0.5 L / min, and the inlet gas pressures were both 50 kPa; the battery temperature was 80 °C, and the scanning voltage was 0.8 V. After 30,000 cycles, the power density of the membrane electrode samples was detected again, and the percentage of the power density loss of the membrane electrode samples in the original power density was calculated and recorded as the loss rate. The calculation results of the loss rate are shown in Table 2.

[0081] Sample Loss rate / % Sample Loss rate / % Example 1 9.2 Example 9 8.3 Example 2 9.1 Example 10 8.0 Example 3 9.0 Example 11 8.0 Example 4 9.1 Example 12 7.8 Example 5 8.8 Example 13 7.7 Example 6 9.4 Comparative Example 1 13.9 Example 7 8.6 Comparative Example 2 10.6 Example 8 8.5 Comparative Example 3 11.3

[0082] Combined with Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rates measured in Examples 1-4 are all lower than that in Comparative Example 1. This shows that when the proton exchange resin solution of the present application is baked, the hydrogen formed between water, ethanol and perfluorosulfonic acid resin slows down the evaporation rate of ethanol, thereby reducing the defects in the proton exchange membrane, lowering the loss rate of the membrane electrode, and prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0083] Combined with Example 3 and Comparative Examples 2-3 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 3 is lower than those in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3. This shows that when the water content in the proton exchange resin solution is too high, the film-forming effect of perfluorosulfonic acid resin is poor, which affects the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0084] Combined with Example 3 and Example 5 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that compared with Example 3, the loss rate measured in Example 5 is lower. This shows that when the pickling solution contains acrylic acid, acrylic acid can consume the free radicals generated during the power generation of the membrane electrode in the proton exchange membrane, thereby reducing the oxidative damage suffered by the proton exchange membrane and prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode. While acrylic acid consumes free radicals, the free radicals also initiate the polymerization of acrylic acid to form polyacrylic acid. Polyacrylic acid can capture and mask the free metal ions in the proton exchange membrane, hindering the penetration of free metal ions into the proton exchange membrane, which helps to prolong the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0085] Combined with Example 6, Example 5 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 6 is relatively high. This shows that when bentonite is not added to the alkaline solution, the total amount of acrylic acid adsorbed by perfluorosulfonic acid resin decreases, which is not conducive to prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0086] Combined with Example 7 and Example 5 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 7 is lower than that in Example 5. This shows that polyethylene glycol as a water retention agent can reduce the loss of water in the proton exchange membrane, help to alleviate the cracking of the proton exchange membrane, and prolong the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0087] Combined with Example 8, Example 7 and with reference to Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 8 is lower than that in Example 7. This shows that sodium polyacrylate can be converted into polyacrylic acid after pickling, thereby increasing the acrylic acid content in the proton exchange resin solution, improving the capture and masking effect on metal ions, and prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0088] Combined with Example 9, Example 8 and Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 9 is lower than that in Example 8, indicating that acrylamide can generate polyacrylamide under the action of free radicals generated by the electrode. Polyacrylamide improves the water retention performance of the proton exchange membrane, repairs the cracks in the proton exchange membrane, helps reduce the damage of the proton exchange membrane, and extends the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0089] Combined with Examples 10 - 11, Example 9 and Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 10 is lower than that in Example 9, indicating that when isoprene and ascorbic acid are used as antioxidants, they can alleviate the oxidation of the proton exchange membrane, thereby reducing the rate of crack generation in the proton exchange membrane, and helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0090] Combined with Example 12, Example 11 and Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 12 is lower than that in Example 11, indicating that when sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an anti - agglomeration agent, it can reduce the degree of agglomeration of platinum particles migrating into the proton exchange membrane, thereby inhibiting the decline of the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst layer and helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode.

[0091] Combined with Example 13, Example 12 and Table 2, it can be seen that the loss rate measured in Example 13 is lower than that in Example 12, indicating that sodium vinyl sulfonate also increases the sulfonic acid group content in the proton exchange resin solution and improves the proton transfer efficiency in the proton exchange membrane. In addition, sodium vinyl sulfonate can polymerize with acrylic acid under the action of free radicals generated by electrode discharge, and the formed polymer can repair the cracks generated in the proton exchange membrane, helping to extend the service life of the membrane electrode

[0092] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application and is not a limitation to the present application. Those skilled in the art can make modifications without creative contributions to this embodiment according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode, characterized in that the proton exchange resin solution comprises the following components by weight percentage: 24-28% perfluorosulfonic acid resin, 40-48% ethanol, 26-34% water, and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is obtained by subjecting a copolymer of perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene to alkali washing and acid washing; the perfluorosulfonic acid resin is prepared according to the following method: (1) Mix perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride with a solvent to obtain a perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution; (2) Add an initiator to the perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution, introduce tetrafluoroethylene gas into the perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution, then heat and stir for 1.5-2 h to obtain a perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin; (3) Mix the perfluorosulfonyl fluoride resin, a suspending agent and an alkali solution, stir for 28-32 h to obtain an alkali-type resin, then perform acid washing on the alkali-type resin with an acid washing solution, and then obtain a perfluorosulfonic acid resin after drying; in this step, the suspending agent is selected from bentonite, and the components of the acid washing solution include acrylic acid and hydrochloric acid.

2. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (2) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a water retention agent is further added to the perfluoro vinyl ether sulfonyl fluoride solution.

3. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that the water retention agent is selected from polyacrylate or polyethylene glycol.

4. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that the water retention agent further includes acrylamide.

5. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, the components of the acid washing solution further include an antioxidant, and the antioxidant is a water-soluble organic compound containing a reducing group.

6. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that the antioxidant is selected from ascorbic acid or isoprene.

7. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (3) of preparing the perfluorosulfonic acid resin, an anti-agglomerant is further added to the alkali solution, and the anti-agglomerant is used to hinder the agglomeration of catalyst particles.

8. The proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that the anti-agglomerant is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium vinyl sulfonate.

9. The preparation method of the proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that comprises the following steps: (1) Mix the perfluorosulfonic acid resin and ethanol, and obtain a perfluorosulfonic acid resin alcohol solution after shearing treatment; (2) Mix the perfluorosulfonic acid resin alcohol solution and water evenly to obtain a proton exchange resin solution for prolonging the service life of a fuel cell electrode.