A blast furnace primary slag preparation device and experimental method

Abstract

The present invention particularly relates to a blast furnace primary slag preparation device and an experimental method, belonging to the field of metallurgical technology. A blast furnace primary slag preparation device includes a parameter-acquiring crucible and a preparation crucible. The bottom of the preparation crucible is penetrated and is provided with a supporting graphite thin plate. The bottom of the heating furnace is connected with a receiving storage tank, and the storage cavity of the receiving storage tank is communicated with the furnace cavity of the heating furnace. A pressure-applying mechanism is arranged at the top of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace, and the pressure-applying mechanism is provided with a displacement detection device. The heating furnace is provided with a temperature measuring mechanism. It smelts through the parameter-acquiring crucible, and uses the pressure-applying mechanism and the displacement detection device thereon, as well as the temperature measuring mechanism, to jointly judge and obtain various formation temperatures of the primary slag. Then it smelts through the preparation crucible, applies pressure by the pressure-applying mechanism at various formation temperatures of the primary slag, and indirectly crushes the supporting graphite thin plate at the bottom of the preparation crucible, so that the primary slag samples at two point values fall into the receiving storage tank in a quenched state, and the primary slag samples meeting the requirements of subsequent tests are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a device for preparing primary slag of a blast furnace and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] Slag formation in a blast furnace is extremely important for the smelting process. Blast furnace slag can be divided into primary slag, intermediate slag, and final slag according to its formation process in the furnace. Generally, the blast furnace slag refers to the final slag, the intermediate slag refers to the liquid slag during the dripping process, and the primary slag refers to the liquid slag that first appears in the softening-melting zone of the blast furnace. During the blast furnace smelting process, more attention is often paid to the properties of the final slag, while the importance of the properties of the primary slag to the smelting process is ignored.

[0003] As a transition zone between the upper burden zone and the lower dripping zone, the softening-melting zone of the blast furnace affects the formation of slag. Existing research on the softening-melting zone focuses on detecting the temperature and pressure difference of the physical form change of the iron-bearing burden, obtaining the softening-dripping performance, and then evaluating the shape and permeability of the softening-melting zone; while the chemical reactions occurring inside the softening-melting zone, especially the slag formation reaction, are relatively less studied. Especially when the structure of the blast furnace burden is adjusted or the composition of the iron-bearing burden charged into the furnace fluctuates greatly, it is necessary to predict in advance how the changes in the ferrous content, melting point, and viscosity of the primary slag will occur and what kind of impact they will have on the blast furnace smelting.

[0004] The above predictions and studies are all based on obtaining a primary slag sample that meets the research conditions, but it is extremely difficult to obtain a qualified primary slag sample through the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first object of the present application is to provide a device for preparing primary slag of a blast furnace to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot obtain a primary slag sample that meets the research conditions.

[0006] The second object of the present application is to provide an experimental method to solve the technical problem that the existing technology cannot obtain guiding data that can guide smelting production.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for preparing primary slag of a blast furnace, including a graphite crucible group, the graphite crucible group includes at least one parameter-obtaining crucible and at least one preparation crucible, the bottom of the parameter-obtaining crucible is provided with a plurality of drip holes, the bottom of the preparation crucible is through and is provided with a supporting graphite thin plate; a heating furnace, the inner diameter of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace is larger than the outer diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible and the preparation crucible, the bottom of the heating furnace is connected with a receiving storage tank, the storage cavity of the receiving storage tank is communicated with the furnace cavity of the heating furnace, the receiving storage tank is connected with a rapid cooling mechanism, and the receiving storage tank is communicated with a first air pipe and a second air pipe; a pressure applying mechanism is arranged at the top of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace, the pressure applying mechanism can adjust the pressure difference and is used for applying pressure to the materials in the graphite crucible group, the pressure applying mechanism is provided with a displacement detection device, and the pressure applying mechanism can indirectly crush the supporting graphite thin plate; the heating furnace is provided with a temperature measuring mechanism for measuring the temperature inside the furnace.

[0008] Optionally, a graphite base is provided at the bottom of the heating furnace cavity. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the graphite base are the same as those of the parameter-obtaining crucible and the preparation crucible, and are smaller than the inner diameter of the heating furnace cavity. The top surface of the graphite base is a conical surface, and the bottoms of the parameter-obtaining crucible and the preparation crucible are both provided with conical surfaces matching the top surface of the graphite base.

[0009] Optionally, the pressing mechanism includes a graphite gasket and a graphite pressing rod. A pressing seat is connected to the top end of the graphite pressing rod, and an air compressor is connected to the pressing seat. The outer diameter of the graphite gasket matches the inner diameter of the parameter-obtaining crucible and the preparation crucible. The displacement detection device is a displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the pressing seat for measuring the displacement of the pressing seat in the vertical direction.

[0010] Optionally, a viewing hole is provided on the receiving storage tank, and a camera is provided in the viewing hole. The lens of the camera is arranged towards the inside of the receiving storage tank.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an experimental method, which is carried out by using any one of the above blast furnace primary slag preparation devices, and includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Crushing and screening the furnace charge to be studied to obtain a test sample to be tested;

[0013] S2. Placing the parameter-obtaining crucible in the heating furnace, and placing the test sample to be tested in the parameter-obtaining crucible;

[0014] S3. Using the pressing mechanism to press the material to be tested with a set load;

[0015] S4. Using the heating furnace for initial heating, and simultaneously introducing nitrogen into the furnace through the first gas pipe at a first preset flow rate. Using the temperature measuring mechanism to measure the temperature in the furnace. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the preset temperature, the reduction state is reached;

[0016] S5. When the reduction state is reached, using the heating furnace for reduction heating, and simultaneously introducing nitrogen into the furnace through the first gas pipe at a second preset flow rate, and introducing carbon monoxide into the furnace through the second gas pipe at a third preset flow rate. Then, using the displacement detection device to observe the pressure difference. When the pressure difference reaches 490 - 980 Pa, the initial slag generation temperature is obtained through the temperature measuring mechanism; when the pressure difference increase rate reaches 300 - 500 Pa / min, the rapid initial slag generation temperature is obtained through the temperature measuring mechanism; when the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, the complete initial slag generation temperature is obtained through the temperature measuring mechanism;

[0017] S6. Placing the preparation crucible in the heating furnace, and placing the test sample to be tested in the preparation crucible;

[0018] S7. Using the rapid cooling mechanism to maintain the refrigeration temperature of the receiving storage tank;

[0019] S8. Repeat steps S3 - S4;

[0020] S9. When reaching the reduction state, perform reduction heating using the heating furnace. Meanwhile, introduce nitrogen through the first gas pipe at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide through the second gas pipe at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measuring mechanism. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the initial slag rapid generation temperature, turn off the heating furnace. Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible falls into the receiving storage tank in a rapid cooling state, obtaining the first initial slag sample;

[0021] S10. Repeat steps S6 - S8;

[0022] S11. When reaching the reduction state, perform reduction heating using the heating furnace. Meanwhile, introduce nitrogen through the first gas pipe at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide through the second gas pipe at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measuring mechanism. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the initial slag complete generation temperature, turn off the heating furnace. Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible falls into the receiving storage tank in a rapid cooling state, obtaining the second initial slag sample;

[0023] S12. Detect and analyze the first initial slag sample and the second initial slag sample to obtain guiding data;

[0024] S13. Use the guiding data to guide the smelting.

[0025] Optionally, in steps S2 and S6, before and after placing the test sample, lay a layer of coke respectively.

[0026] Optionally, the set load is 1.0 - 2.0 kgf / cm 2 , and the discharging load ≥ 5.0 kgf / cm 2 .

[0027] Optionally, the preset temperature is 500 - 600 °C.

[0028] Optionally, the refrigeration temperature is -20 - -40 °C.

[0029] Optionally, the first preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, the sum of the second preset flow rate and the third preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, and the ratio of the second preset flow rate to the third preset flow rate is (6 - 7) : (3 - 4).

[0030] One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0031] The blast furnace primary slag preparation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention conducts smelting through the parameter-acquiring crucible, and uses the pressure-feeding mechanism and the displacement detection device thereon, as well as the temperature-measuring mechanism, to jointly judge and obtain the starting temperature of primary slag generation, the rapid generation temperature of primary slag, and the complete generation temperature of primary slag. Then, smelting is carried out through the preparation crucible. At the two point values of the rapid generation temperature of primary slag and the complete generation temperature of primary slag, the pressure-feeding mechanism is used to apply pressure to indirectly crush the supporting graphite thin plate at the bottom of the preparation crucible, so that the primary slag samples at the two point values fall into the receiving storage tank in a quenched state, and the primary slag samples meeting the requirements of subsequent tests are obtained.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are specifically exemplified below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the blast furnace primary slag preparation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a half-sectional view of the parameter-acquiring crucible of the blast furnace primary slag preparation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a half-sectional view of the preparation crucible of the blast furnace primary slag preparation device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is the morphology of the sintered ore of the first primary slag sample obtained by the experimental method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is the morphology of the pellet ore of the second primary slag sample obtained by the experimental method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is the heating curve of the experimental method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1 - Heating furnace; 2 - Corundum tube; 3 - Receiving storage tank; 31 - First gas pipe; 32 - Second gas pipe; 4 - Air compressor; 5 - Quenching mechanism; 7 - Displacement sensor; 8 - Temperature measuring mechanism; 9 - Graphite pressure rod; 91 - Pressure seat; 10 - Graphite gasket; 12 - Graphite base; 13 - Peephole; 20 - Parameter - obtaining crucible; 201 - Dripping hole; 21 - Preparation crucible; 211 - Supporting graphite thin plate; 2111 - Vent hole. Specific Embodiments

[0042] The following will specifically elaborate on the present invention in combination with specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be presented more clearly therefrom. Those skilled in the art should understand that these specific embodiments and examples are used to illustrate the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention.

[0043] Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically stated, the terms used herein should be understood to have the meanings as commonly used in the art. Therefore, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as the general understanding of those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. In case of contradiction, this specification shall prevail. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For example, room temperature may refer to the temperature within the range of 10 - 35 °C.

[0044] Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in the present invention can be obtained through market purchase or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are to solve the above - mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

[0046] According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1 to 3, a blast furnace primary slag preparation device is provided, including: a graphite crucible group, the graphite crucible group includes at least one parameter-acquiring crucible 20 and at least one preparation crucible 21, a number of drip holes 201 are opened at the bottom of the parameter-acquiring crucible 20, the bottom of the preparation crucible 21 is through, and a supporting graphite thin plate 211 is provided; a heating furnace 1, the inner diameter of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1 is larger than the outer diameters of the parameter-acquiring crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21, a receiving storage tank 3 is connected to the bottom of the heating furnace 1, the storage cavity of the receiving storage tank 3 is communicated with the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1, a rapid cooling mechanism 5 is connected to the receiving storage tank 3, and a first air pipe 31 and a second air pipe 32 are communicated with the receiving storage tank 3; a pressure-applying mechanism is provided at the top of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1, the pressure-applying mechanism can adjust the pressure difference and is used to apply pressure to the materials in the graphite crucible group, the pressure-applying mechanism is provided with a displacement detection device, and the pressure-applying mechanism can indirectly crush the supporting graphite thin plate 211; the heating furnace 1 is provided with a temperature-measuring mechanism 8 for measuring the temperature inside the furnace. By the graphite crucible group including the parameter-acquiring crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21, and a number of drip holes 201 are opened at the bottom of the parameter-acquiring crucible 20, the formed primary slag can drip through the drip holes 201, so as to judge the formation moment of the primary slag, and the required parameters can be obtained through the temperature-measuring mechanism 8 and the displacement detection device; by setting the bottom of the preparation crucible 21 to be through and providing the supporting graphite thin plate 211, while the supporting graphite thin plate 211 supports the materials, when the pressure of the pressure-applying mechanism is increased, the materials can be extruded by the pressure-applying mechanism, indirectly extruding the supporting graphite thin plate 211, causing the supporting graphite thin plate 211 to break, so that the primary slag at a specific temperature falls into the receiving storage tank 3 in a rapid cooling state, and a number of primary slag samples at different temperatures and states are obtained for different research needs. The specific temperature is several specific temperatures obtained through the parameter-acquiring crucible 20, such as the primary slag start generation temperature, the primary slag rapid generation temperature, and the primary slag complete generation temperature.

[0047] It should be noted that the thickness and material of the supporting graphite thin plate 211 can be designed according to the actual use situation, as long as it can be indirectly broken by the pressure-applying mechanism.

[0048] It should be noted that a corundum tube 2 is also sleeved on the inner wall of the heating furnace 1.

[0049] It should be noted that a number of air holes 2111 are opened in the supporting graphite thin plate 211 for air flow to pass through.

[0050] As an alternative embodiment, a graphite base 12 is provided at the bottom of the furnace chamber of the heating furnace 1. The graphite base 12 is cylindrical, and the inner diameter and outer diameter of the graphite base 12 are the same as those of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21, and are smaller than the inner diameter of the furnace chamber of the heating furnace 1. The top surface of the graphite base 12 is a conical surface, and the bottoms of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21 are both provided with conical surfaces matching the top surface of the graphite base 12. By providing the graphite base 12, setting it as cylindrical, setting its inner diameter smaller than the outer diameters of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21, setting the top surface as a conical surface, and setting the bottoms of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21 as matching conical surfaces, the stable fixation and sealing of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 or the preparation crucible 21 are achieved by using the principle of locking with an inclined plane, preventing the parameter obtaining crucible 20 or the preparation crucible 21 from tilting.

[0051] As an alternative embodiment, the pressing mechanism includes a graphite gasket 10 and a graphite pressing rod 9. The top end of the graphite pressing rod 9 is connected with a pressing seat 91, and the pressing seat 91 is connected with an air compressor 4. The outer diameter of the graphite gasket 10 matches the inner diameter of the parameter obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21. The displacement detection device is a displacement sensor 7, and the displacement sensor 7 is arranged on the pressing seat 91 and is used to measure the displacement of the pressing seat 91 in the vertical direction. Through the above settings, the air compressor 4 is used to push the pressing seat 91, driving the graphite pressing rod 9 to move downward to contact and press the graphite gasket 10, and the material is pressed through the graphite gasket 10. The graphite pressing rod 9 and the graphite gasket 10 can resist high temperature and prevent high temperature deformation.

[0052] As an alternative embodiment, the receiving storage tank 3 is provided with a viewing hole 13, and a camera (not shown in the figure) is provided in the viewing hole 13, and the lens of the camera faces the inside of the receiving storage tank 3. By providing the viewing hole 13, the dripping primary slag can be effectively observed, and by providing the camera, remote monitoring can be realized.

[0053] According to a typical embodiment of the present invention, an experimental method is provided, which is carried out by using any one of the above blast furnace primary slag preparation devices, and includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. The furnace charge to be studied is crushed and screened to obtain a test sample;

[0055] S2. Place the parameter obtaining crucible 20 in the heating furnace 1, and place the test sample in the parameter obtaining crucible 20;

[0056] S3. Use the pressing mechanism to press the test material with a set load;

[0057] S4. Use the heating furnace 1 for initial heating, and at the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe 31 at a first preset flow rate, use the temperature measuring mechanism 8 to measure the temperature in the furnace, and when the temperature in the furnace reaches the preset temperature, the reduction state is reached;

[0058] S5. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, use the displacement detection device to observe the pressure difference. When the pressure difference reaches 490 - 980 Pa, obtain the initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism 8; when the pressure difference rising rate reaches 300 - 500 Pa / min, obtain the rapid initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism 8; when the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, obtain the complete initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism 8;

[0059] S6. Place the preparation crucible 21 in the heating furnace 1, and place the test sample to be tested in the preparation crucible 21;

[0060] S7. Use the rapid cooling mechanism 5 to keep the receiving storage tank 3 at the refrigeration temperature;

[0061] S8. Repeat steps S3 - S4;

[0062] S9. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature in the furnace through the temperature measurement mechanism 8. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the rapid initial slag formation temperature, turn off the heating furnace 1. Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate 211 with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible 21 falls into the receiving storage tank 3 in the rapid cooling state, and obtain the first initial slag sample;

[0063] S10. Repeat steps S6 - S8;

[0064] S11. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature in the furnace through the temperature measurement mechanism 8. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the complete initial slag formation temperature, turn off the heating furnace 1. Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate 211 with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible 21 falls into the receiving storage tank 3 in the rapid cooling state, and obtain the second initial slag sample;

[0065] S12. Detect and analyze the first initial slag sample and the second initial slag sample to obtain guiding data;

[0066] S13. Use the guiding data to guide smelting.

[0067] Through steps S1 - S5, this experimental method can effectively simulate and restore the actual smelting process, and obtain accurate temperatures for the start of primary slag formation, rapid primary slag formation, and complete primary slag formation; through steps S6 - S8, a pre - rehearsal is carried out on the premise of knowing the rapid primary slag formation temperature, so as to accurately obtain the first primary slag sample at this temperature; through steps S9 - S11, similarly, the second primary slag sample at the complete primary slag formation temperature is accurately obtained; through steps S12 - S13, corresponding analysis is carried out on the first primary slag sample and the second primary slag sample, and guiding data can be obtained to guide smelting.

[0068] It should be noted that the detection and analysis include chemical composition detection and SEM detection and analysis. In other embodiments, different detections and analyses can be carried out according to different requirements to obtain the required data.

[0069] As an alternative implementation, in steps S2 and S6, a layer of coke is laid before and after placing the test sample. By laying coke, it can effectively prevent the slag from blocking the drip hole 201.

[0070] As an alternative implementation, the set load is 1.0 - 2.0 kgf / cm 2 and the discharge load ≥ 5.0 kgf / cm 2 .

[0071] The reason for controlling the set load to be 1.0 - 2.0 kgf / cm 2 is to simulate the top pressure of blast furnace smelting and make the experiment closer to the actual situation.

[0072] The reason for controlling the discharge load ≥ 5.0 kgf / cm 2 is that through several experiments, it is found that this load can effectively break and support the graphite thin plate 211.

[0073] As an alternative implementation, the preset temperature is 500 - 600 °C.

[0074] As an alternative implementation, the refrigeration temperature is - 20 - - 40 °C.

[0075] The reason for having to refrigerate is that with or without refrigeration, the phases of the obtained primary slag samples are different.

[0076] As an alternative implementation, the first preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, the sum of the second preset flow rate and the third preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, and the ratio of the second preset flow rate to the third preset flow rate is (6 - 7):(3 - 4).

[0077] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples, comparative examples and experimental data.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] This example provides a device for preparing blast furnace primary slag, including: a graphite crucible group, the graphite crucible group includes at least one parameter-obtaining crucible 20 and at least one preparation crucible 21. A number of drip holes 201 are opened at the bottom of the parameter-obtaining crucible 20. The bottom of the preparation crucible 21 is through, and a supporting graphite thin plate 211 is provided; a heating furnace 1, the inner diameter of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1 is larger than the outer diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21. A receiving storage tank 3 is connected to the bottom of the heating furnace 1. The storage cavity of the receiving storage tank 3 is communicated with the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1. The receiving storage tank 3 is connected with a rapid cooling mechanism 5. The receiving storage tank 3 is communicated with a first air pipe 31 and a second air pipe 32; a pressure-feeding mechanism is provided at the top of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1, and the pressure-feeding mechanism is provided with a displacement detection device; the heating furnace 1 is provided with a temperature measuring mechanism 8. A graphite base 12 is provided at the bottom of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1. The graphite base 12 is cylindrical. The outer wall of the graphite base 12 is tightly sleeved with the inner wall of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace 1. The inner diameter of the graphite base 12 is smaller than the outer diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21. The top surface of the graphite base 12 is set as a conical surface. The bottoms of the parameter-obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21 are both set as conical surfaces matching the top surface of the graphite base 12. The pressure-feeding mechanism includes a graphite gasket 10 and a graphite pressure rod 9. The top end of the graphite pressure rod 9 is connected with a pressure seat 91. The pressure seat 91 is connected with an air compressor 4. The outer diameter of the graphite gasket 10 matches the inner diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible 20 and the preparation crucible 21. The displacement detection device is a displacement sensor 7. The displacement sensor 7 is arranged on the pressure seat 91 and is used to measure the displacement of the pressure seat 91 in the vertical direction. A viewing hole 13 is opened on the receiving storage tank 3. A camera is provided on the viewing hole 13, and the lens of the camera is arranged towards the inside of the receiving storage tank 3.

[0080] This example provides an experimental method, which is carried out by using the above device for preparing blast furnace primary slag, and includes the following steps:

[0081] S1. The furnace charge to be studied is crushed and screened to obtain a test sample with a particle size of 10.0 - 12.5 mm.

[0082] S2. Place the parameter-obtaining crucible 20 in the heating furnace 1. Place 500 ± 2 g of the test sample in the parameter-obtaining crucible 20. Before and after placing the test sample, lay 40 g of coke with a particle size of 10.0 - 12.5 mm respectively, and put in the graphite gasket 10.

[0083] S3. Use the pressure-feeding mechanism to press the material to be tested with a set load.

[0084] Wherein: the set load is 1.0 kgf / cm 2 .

[0085] S4. Use the heating furnace 1 for initial heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen gas into the furnace through the first gas pipe 31 at a first preset flow rate. Use the temperature measuring mechanism 8 to measure the temperature inside the furnace. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the preset temperature, the reduction state is achieved.

[0086] Wherein:

[0087] The preset temperature is 500 °C

[0088] The first preset flow rate is 5.0 L / min.

[0089] S5. When the reduction state is achieved, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen gas into the furnace through the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the furnace through the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, use the displacement detection device to observe the pressure difference. When the pressure difference reaches 490 Pa, obtain the initial slag formation temperature T S which is 1325 °C through the temperature measuring mechanism 8; when the pressure difference increase rate reaches 300 Pa / min, obtain the rapid initial slag formation temperature T M which is 1380 °C through the temperature measuring mechanism 8; when the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, obtain the complete initial slag formation temperature T E which is 1425 °C.

[0090] The methods of initial heating, reduction heating and gas supply are as Figure 6 shown.

[0091] Wherein: The second preset flow rate is 3.5 L / min, and the third preset flow rate is 1.5 L / min.

[0092] S6. Place the preparation crucible 21 into the heating furnace 1, and place the test sample to be tested into the preparation crucible 21.

[0093] S7. Use the rapid cooling mechanism 5 to maintain the cooling temperature of the receiving storage tank 3.

[0094] Wherein: The cooling temperature is -30 °C.

[0095] S8. Repeat steps S3 - S4 (experimental scheme 1).

[0096] S9. When the reduction state is achieved, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen gas into the furnace through the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the furnace through the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measuring mechanism 8. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the rapid initial slag formation temperature T M (i.e., 1380 °C), turn off the heating furnace 1. Then, use the pressing mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate 211 with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible 21 falls into the receiving storage tank 3 in the rapid cooling state, and obtain the first initial slag sample.

[0097] Among them: the discharging load is 5.0 kgf / cm 2 .

[0098] S10. Repeat steps S6 - S8 (Experimental Scheme 2).

[0099] S11. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace 1 for reduction heating, simultaneously introduce nitrogen gas into the first gas pipe 31 at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe 32 at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measuring mechanism 8. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the initial slag rapid generation temperature T M (i.e., 1380 °C), turn off the heating furnace 1, and then use the pressing mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate 211 with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible 21 falls into the receiving storage tank 3 in a rapid cooling state, obtaining a second initial slag sample.

[0100] S12. Detect and analyze the first initial slag sample and the second initial slag sample to obtain guiding data.

[0101] Among them: detection and analysis refer to: chemical composition detection and SEM detection and analysis, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0102] S13. Use the guiding data to guide smelting.

[0103] Analysis shows that the initial slag obtained under the condition of 1380 °C is mainly composed of ferrous phase and low - melting - point liquid phase; when the proportion of pellet ore in the comprehensive burden increases significantly, the initial temperature of liquid phase formation and the complete formation temperature of liquid phase of the initial slag change little; the FeO content in the initial slag increases, the fluidity is better, and the possibility of the better - fluidity initial slag blocking the gaps between solid coke particles decreases, which is beneficial to improving the permeability of the blast furnace burden column and will not have an adverse impact on blast furnace smelting.

[0104] Table 1 Changes in the composition of the initial slag after adjusting the proportion of pellets in the comprehensive burden

[0105]

[0106] Finally, it should also be noted that the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0107] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0108] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A blast furnace primary slag preparation device, characterized in that, Comprising: A graphite crucible group, which includes at least one parameter-obtaining crucible (20) and at least one preparation crucible (21). A number of drip holes (201) are opened at the bottom of the parameter-obtaining crucible (20), and the bottom of the preparation crucible (21) is through and is provided with a supporting graphite thin plate (211); A heating furnace (1), the inner diameter of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace (1) is larger than the outer diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible (20) and the preparation crucible (21). The bottom of the heating furnace (1) is connected with a receiving storage tank (3), the storage cavity of the receiving storage tank (3) is communicated with the furnace cavity of the heating furnace (1), the receiving storage tank (3) is connected with a rapid cooling mechanism (5), and the receiving storage tank (3) is communicated with a first air pipe (31) and a second air pipe (32); A pressure-feeding mechanism is arranged at the top of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace (1), the pressure-feeding mechanism can adjust the pressure difference and is used for pressing the materials in the graphite crucible group. The pressure-feeding mechanism is provided with a displacement detection device, and the pressure-feeding mechanism can indirectly crush the supporting graphite thin plate (211); The heating furnace (1) is provided with a temperature measuring mechanism (8) for measuring the temperature inside the furnace.

2. The blast furnace primary slag preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A graphite base (12) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace (1). The graphite base (12) is cylindrical, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the graphite base (12) are the same as the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the parameter-obtaining crucible (20) and the preparation crucible (21), and are smaller than the inner diameter of the furnace cavity of the heating furnace (1). The top surface of the graphite base (12) is a conical surface, and the bottoms of the parameter-obtaining crucible (20) and the preparation crucible (21) are both provided with conical surfaces matching the top surface of the graphite base (12).

3. The blast furnace primary slag preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that The pressure-feeding mechanism includes a graphite gasket (10) and a graphite pressure rod (9). The top end of the graphite pressure rod (9) is connected with a pressure seat (91), the pressure seat (91) is connected with an air compressor (4). The outer diameter of the graphite gasket (10) matches the inner diameters of the parameter-obtaining crucible (20) and the preparation crucible (21). The displacement detection device is a displacement sensor (7), and the displacement sensor (7) is arranged on the pressure seat (91) for measuring the displacement of the pressure seat (91) in the vertical direction.

4. The blast furnace primary slag preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving storage tank (3) is provided with a viewing hole (13), and a camera is arranged in the viewing hole (13), and the lens of the camera is arranged towards the inside of the receiving storage tank (3).

5. An experimental method, characterized in that, Using the blast furnace primary slag preparation device according to any one of claims 1-4, the method includes the following steps: S1. Crushing and screening the furnace charge to be studied to obtain the material to be tested; S2. Placing the parameter-obtaining crucible (20) into the heating furnace (1), and placing the material to be tested into the parameter-obtaining crucible (20); S3. Using the pressure-feeding mechanism to press the material to be tested with a set load; S4. Using the heating furnace (1) for initial heating, and at the same time, introducing nitrogen into the first air pipe (31) at a first preset flow rate, using the temperature measuring mechanism (8) to measure the temperature inside the furnace. When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the preset temperature, the reduction state is achieved; S5. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace (1) for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe (31) at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe (32) at a third preset flow rate. Then, use the displacement detection device to observe the pressure difference. When the pressure difference reaches 490 - 980 Pa, obtain the initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism (8); when the pressure difference increase rate reaches 300 - 500 Pa / min, obtain the rapid initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism (8); when the pressure difference reaches the maximum value, obtain the complete initial slag formation temperature through the temperature measurement mechanism (8). S6. Place the preparation crucible (21) into the heating furnace (1), and place the material to be tested into the preparation crucible (21). S7. Use the rapid cooling mechanism (5) to maintain the refrigeration temperature of the receiving storage tank (3). S8. Repeat steps S3 - S4. S9. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace (1) for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe (31) at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe (32) at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measurement mechanism (8). When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the rapid initial slag formation temperature, turn off the heating furnace (1). Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate (211) with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible (21) falls into the receiving storage tank (3) in the rapid cooling state, obtaining the first initial slag material. S10. Repeat steps S6 - S8. S11. When reaching the reduction state, use the heating furnace (1) for reduction heating. At the same time, introduce nitrogen into the first gas pipe (31) at a second preset flow rate, and introduce carbon monoxide into the second gas pipe (32) at a third preset flow rate. Then, detect the temperature inside the furnace through the temperature measurement mechanism (8). When the temperature inside the furnace reaches the complete initial slag formation temperature, turn off the heating furnace (1). Then, use the pressure feeding mechanism to crush the supporting graphite thin plate (211) with the discharging load, so that the material in the preparation crucible (21) falls into the receiving storage tank (3) in the rapid cooling state, obtaining the second initial slag material. S12. Detect and analyze the first initial slag material and the second initial slag material to obtain guiding data. S13. Use the guiding data to guide smelting.

6. The experimental method according to claim 5, wherein In steps S2 and S6, before and after placing the material to be tested, lay a layer of coke respectively.

7. The experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The set load is 1.0 - 2.0 kgf / cm 2 , and the discharge load ≥ 5.0 kgf / cm 2 .

8. The experimental method according to claim 5, wherein The preset temperature is 500 - 600 °C.

9. The experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that The refrigeration temperature is -20 - -40 °C.

10. The experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, the sum of the second preset flow rate and the third preset flow rate is 5.0 - 15.0 L / min, and the ratio of the second preset flow rate to the third preset flow rate is (6 - 7) : (3 - 4).

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