Performance testing method for laser cladding repair, laser cladding repair method and device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a performance test method, a laser cladding repair method and a device for laser cladding repair, belonging to the technical field of additive manufacturing. This method intercepts tensile specimens at the cladding area, the substrate area and the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area from different interface angles for testing, which can comprehensively reflect the anisotropy of mechanical properties caused by the inhomogeneous microstructure in the repair area after laser cladding repair of components, thereby systematically testing the state of damaged components after repair, comprehensively covering complex repair scenarios such as irregular parts, multi-axial stress states, and multi-damage defects, and accurately guiding the selection of target process parameters in component repair using laser cladding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and particularly to a performance testing method for laser cladding repair, a laser cladding repair method, and a device therefor. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding, also known as Laser Direct Metal Deposition forming manufacturing technology, is a technology that melts an alloy powder coating on a substrate metal by a laser beam to form a cladding layer, which metallurgically bonds with a melted thin layer on the substrate metal. Laser cladding has the characteristics of high bonding strength, small heat influence, and high repair accuracy, and is widely used for repairing components with high quality, complex shapes, and high performance requirements. However, laser cladding is based on rapid directional solidification technology. In this technology, the columnar crystals formed by superalloys eliminate the transverse grain boundaries perpendicular to the stress axis, resulting in anisotropy in macroscopic mechanical properties, which causes changes in the mechanical properties of the repaired components. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of using laser cladding to repair components on the mechanical properties of the components.

[0003] Currently, tensile specimens are usually intercepted according to laser cladding deposition and perpendicular to the deposition direction, and then tensile property tests are carried out on the tensile specimens to test the tensile properties of the laser cladding formed alloy. However, in actual repair, when repairing different components, problems such as multiple damages and defects, multi-axial stress states, and irregular part shapes need to be faced. It is difficult to comprehensively and accurately evaluate the changes in the tensile properties of the components after laser repair during the test. Therefore, under the guidance of the existing tensile property tests, the repair quality of the components needs to be further improved.

[0004] The above information disclosed in the background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore it may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a performance testing method for laser cladding repair, a laser cladding repair method, and a device therefor, which can comprehensively analyze tensile specimens with different interface angles under different target process parameters, so as to comprehensively cover complex repair scenarios such as irregular parts, multi-axial stress states, and multiple damage defects. At the same time, samples are taken separately from the cladding area, the substrate area, and the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, which can better test the anisotropic mechanical properties of the interface area after component repair and accurately guide the selection of target process parameters in component repair using laser cladding.

[0006] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a performance testing method for laser cladding repair, which may include:

[0008] Obtain at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding, and respectively repair components using each set of target process parameters to obtain first components, where the first components include a substrate region and a cladding region;

[0009] Cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first components. The tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate region and the cladding region, the second tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the cladding region, and the third tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the substrate region;

[0010] Obtain the performance parameters of the tensile specimens. The performance parameters include test strain parameters, which are obtained by performing tensile tests on the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions;

[0011] For the first components repaired with each set of target process parameters, determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles according to the performance parameters.

[0012] Optionally, the performance parameters further include simulated strain parameters, which are obtained by performing tensile simulations on the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions.

[0013] Optionally, the performance parameters further include residual stress distribution parameters, which are obtained by measuring the residual stresses of the second tensile specimens with different interface angles.

[0014] Optionally, the performance parameters further include fracture mechanisms, which are obtained by performing morphology analysis on the fracture surfaces of the tensile specimens.

[0015] Optionally, cutting tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first components includes:

[0016] Determine the angular interval according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first components;

[0017] Cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first components at the angular interval.

[0018] Optionally, obtaining at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding includes:

[0019] Obtain the initial range of process parameters in laser cladding;

[0020] Use the orthogonal experiment method to combine and obtain at least one set of initial process parameters within the initial range;

[0021] Respectively repair components using each set of initial process parameters to obtain second components;

[0022] Perform metallographic analysis on the repair interface area of the second component, and screen the initial process parameters according to the observation results to obtain the target range of the process parameters;

[0023] Select at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding within the target range.

[0024] Optionally, for the first component repaired with each set of target process parameters, determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles according to the performance parameters, including:

[0025] For the first component repaired with each set of target process parameters, calculate the strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles according to the test strain parameters, and the strength parameters include at least one of the yield strength and the tensile strength;

[0026] Determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters according to the strength parameters.

[0027] According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, a laser cladding repair method is provided, and the method may include:

[0028] Obtain the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction and the cladding forming direction of the area to be repaired in the third component;

[0029] Based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair angle, obtain the tensile properties corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters, and the tensile properties are obtained by the performance test method of laser cladding repair in the first aspect;

[0030] Obtain the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions according to the tensile properties, and perform laser cladding repair on the third component.

[0031] According to the third aspect of the present disclosure, a performance test device for laser cladding repair is provided, and the device may include:

[0032] A component repair module, configured to obtain at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding, and respectively perform component repair using each set of target process parameters to obtain a first component, where the first component includes a substrate area and a cladding area;

[0033] A specimen cutting module, configured to cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component, where the tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, the second tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the cladding area, and the third tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the substrate area;

[0034] A parameter acquisition module, configured to obtain performance parameters of a tensile specimen, where the performance parameters include test strain parameters, and the test strain parameters are obtained by performing a tensile test on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions;

[0035] A performance analysis module, configured to determine the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles for each first component repaired with a set of target process parameters according to the performance parameters.

[0036] Optionally, the performance parameters further include simulated strain parameters, and the simulated strain parameters are obtained by performing a tensile simulation on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions.

[0037] Optionally, the performance parameters further include residual stress distribution parameters, and the residual stress distribution parameters are obtained by measuring the residual stress of second tensile specimens with different interface angles.

[0038] Optionally, the performance parameters further include a fracture mechanism, and the fracture mechanism is obtained by performing a morphology analysis on the fracture surface of the tensile specimen.

[0039] Optionally, the specimen cutting module includes:

[0040] An angle interval determination sub-module, configured to determine an angle interval according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first component;

[0041] A tensile specimen cutting sub-module, configured to cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component at the angle interval.

[0042] Optionally, the component repair module includes:

[0043] An initial range acquisition sub-module, configured to obtain an initial range of process parameters in laser cladding;

[0044] An initial parameter determination sub-module, configured to obtain at least one set of initial process parameters by using an orthogonal test method for combination within the initial range;

[0045] A second component repair sub-module, configured to repair the component by using each set of initial process parameters respectively to obtain a second component;

[0046] A target range acquisition sub-module, configured to perform a metallographic analysis at the repair interface of the second component, and screen the initial process parameters according to the observation results to obtain a target range of the process parameters;

[0047] A target parameter determination sub-module, configured to select at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding within the target range.

[0048] Optionally, the performance analysis module includes:

[0049] A strength calculation sub-module, which is used to calculate strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles for the first component repaired with each group of target process parameters, and the strength parameters include at least one of yield strength and tensile strength;

[0050] A performance analysis sub-module, which is used to determine the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters according to the strength parameters.

[0051] According to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a laser cladding repair device is provided, and the device may include:

[0052] An included angle acquisition module, which is used to acquire the repair included angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress in the area to be repaired of the third component and the cladding forming direction;

[0053] A performance acquisition module, which is used to acquire the tensile performance corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair included angle, and the tensile performance is obtained by testing with the performance testing device for cladding repair described in the third aspect;

[0054] A parameter selection module, which is used to obtain the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions according to the tensile performance, and perform laser cladding repair on the third component.

[0055] The performance testing method for laser cladding repair provided by the present disclosure repairs components according to the target process parameters of laser cladding to obtain a first component including a substrate area and a cladding area; then tensile specimens with different interface angles are intercepted in the first component, wherein the tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen intercepted at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, a second tensile specimen intercepted at different interface angles in the cladding area, and a third tensile specimen intercepted at different interface angles in the substrate area; performance parameters are obtained for the tensile specimens, including test strain parameters, and the test strain parameters are obtained by tensile testing the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions; furthermore, the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles in the target process parameters can be determined according to the performance parameters. Through the method provided by the present disclosure, tensile specimens are intercepted and tested at different interface angles at the cladding area, the substrate area, and the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, which can comprehensively reflect the anisotropy of the tensile mechanical properties of the repair interface area after laser cladding repair of components, thereby systematically testing the state of damaged components after repair, comprehensively covering complex repair scenarios such as irregular parts, multi-axial stress states, and multi-damage defects, and accurately guiding the selection of target process parameters in component repair using laser cladding. Description of the Drawings

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0057] Figure 1 The flowchart of steps of a performance test method for laser cladding repair in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0058] Figure 2 The flowchart of steps of intercepting tensile specimens in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0059] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of intercepting the first tensile specimen in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0060] Figure 4 The schematic diagrams of intercepting the second tensile specimen and the third tensile specimen in an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown.

[0061] Figure 5 The flowchart of steps of obtaining target process parameters in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0062] Figure 6 The metallographic schematic diagram of a metallurgical bonding interface region provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0063] Figure 7 The flowchart of steps of determining tensile properties in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0064] Figure 8 The flowchart of steps of a laser cladding repair method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0065] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of a laser cladding repair component provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0066] Figure 10 The structural block diagram of a performance test device for laser cladding repair provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0067] Figure 11 The structural block diagram of a laser cladding repair device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Specific Embodiments

[0068] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0069] The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. may be employed. In other cases, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the main technical concepts of the present disclosure.

[0070] When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that a structure is integrally formed on another structure, or that a structure is "directly" disposed on another structure, or that a structure is "indirectly" disposed on another structure through another structure.

[0071] The terms "a", "an", and "the" are used to denote the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are used to mean an open inclusion and mean that there may be additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc. The terms "first", "second", etc. are used only as labels and are not a limitation on the quantity of their objects.

[0072] When laser cladding is used to repair a component, there are significant differences in the microstructure of the repaired area compared to other areas. When the repair material powder melts to form a molten pool under laser irradiation, since the grains grow along the heat flow direction, and laser cladding uses layer-by-layer scanning, there are large temperature gradients in both the horizontal and vertical directions. During the repair process, the cladding area and the substrate area are heated multiple times. Under the action of the heat flow direction and the temperature gradient, the microstructure and grain orientation of the repaired area are diverse, resulting in differences in mechanical properties in different directions.

[0073] Figure 1 The flowchart of the steps of a performance test method for laser cladding repair in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, as Figure 1 shown, the method may include step 110 to step 140. As follows:

[0074] Step 110: Obtain at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding, and respectively perform component repair using each set of target process parameters to obtain a first component, where the first component includes a substrate region and a cladding region.

[0075] Among them, the target process parameters can be the process parameters during the repair process of laser cladding on the component, and can include laser power, scanning speed, powder feeding speed, etc. According to different repair material powders, characteristics of the component to be repaired, processing requirements, etc., different combinations of the numerical values of the process parameters can be obtained. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, by obtaining a combination of target process parameters for component repair and then performing tensile property tests on the first component obtained by the repair, it can better guide the selection of process parameters in the actual laser cladding repair scenario.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the component can be a part, a device, or a substrate, a block, etc. made of the same material as the part, the device to be repaired. After performing component repair using the target process parameters, a first component including a substrate region and a cladding region can be obtained. Among them, the interface between the substrate region and the cladding region is the repair interface region.

[0077] For example, the component can use a substrate of the metal to be repaired. First, the surface of the substrate is polished, polished, cleaned, etc. to make the surface of the substrate smooth, clean, and flat. Then, the repair material powder of the corresponding alloy is selected and dried in a vacuum environment. Furthermore, according to the combination of target process parameters, laser cladding repair is performed using the laser coaxial powder feeding technology in an argon atmosphere to obtain a first component, where the original substrate is the substrate region and the modified region after repair is the cladding region.

[0078] Step 120: Cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component. The tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate region and the cladding region, the second tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the cladding region, and the third tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the substrate region.

[0079] Among them, the interface angle can be the angle of the tensile specimen relative to the repair interface or the angle of the tensile specimen relative to the horizontal direction. The different interface angles can be equally spaced or unequally spaced, and the number of tensile specimens cut at each interface angle can be the same or different. For example, for interface angles with high test accuracy requirements and wide application ranges, the number of tensile specimens cut can be appropriately increased. The present disclosure does not specifically limit the number and size of the interface angles for cutting tensile specimens, nor the number of tensile specimens cut at each interface angle.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, according to different cutting positions, the tensile specimens may include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. Among them, the first tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate region and the cladding region, so that the first tensile specimen partially includes the microstructure of the substrate region and also partially includes the microstructure of the cladding region; the second tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the cladding region, so that the second tensile specimen entirely includes the microstructure of the cladding region; the third tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the substrate region, so that the third tensile specimen entirely includes the microstructure of the substrate region. In addition, the interface angles at which the first tensile specimen, the second tensile specimen, and the third tensile specimen are cut may be the same or different.

[0081] For example, taking the direction parallel to the substrate plane as the 0° interface angle and the direction perpendicular to the substrate plane as the 90° interface angle, tensile specimens with different interface angles are respectively cut in the first component. The tensile specimens include three types: a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The number of each type of tensile specimen cut at each interface angle may be greater than or equal to three.

[0082] Step 130: Obtain the performance parameters of the tensile specimen. The performance parameters include test strain parameters, which are obtained by performing a tensile test on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions.

[0083] Among them, the performance parameters may be parameters that can characterize the tensile performance obtained by actual testing, simulation testing, morphology observation, etc. of the tensile specimen. For example, the performance parameters may include test strain parameters, and the test strain parameters can be obtained by performing a tensile test on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions. Optionally, the preset tensile conditions can be set according to the material properties, application environment, etc. of different components. For example, the preset tensile conditions may be room temperature tensile, high temperature tensile, etc.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, during the tensile test, DIC (Digital Image Correlation) strain measurement can be used to measure the strain process distributed on the surface of the tensile specimen during the tensile process, so as to obtain the stress-strain curve of the tensile specimen as the test strain parameter. Optionally, for the tensile specimen with abnormal data deviation, it can be cut again at the same interface angle and re-measured; in addition, during high temperature tensile, such as tensile at 600 °C, since DIC strain measurement is easily affected by heat flow disturbance and noise, the tensile test of the tensile specimen can be performed under the conditions of high temperature tensile in a vacuum environment to improve the accuracy of strain measurement. Those skilled in the art can also use other methods for strain measurement, such as using strain gauges for contact measurement. The present disclosure does not specifically limit the method for obtaining the test strain parameters.

[0085] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the performance parameters include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and the performance parameters of the second tensile specimen, so as to comprehensively consider the mechanical properties of the cladding zone, the substrate zone, and the interface between the substrate zone and the cladding zone, and more accurately characterize the change in the mechanical properties of the first component after cladding repair.

[0086] Step 140: For each first component repaired with the target process parameters, determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles according to the performance parameters.

[0087] Wherein, after each tensile specimen obtains the corresponding performance parameters, according to the interface angle at which the tensile specimen is intercepted and the target process parameters corresponding to the first component from which the tensile specimen is intercepted, the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles under the target process parameters can be further determined. Thus, by intercepting tensile specimens at multiple positions and multiple angles, the tensile properties of the component repair in the case of cladding repair using the target process parameters can be comprehensively tested.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the performance parameters further include simulated strain parameters, and the simulated strain parameters are obtained by performing tensile simulation on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions.

[0089] Among them, on the basis of the test strain parameters, the performance parameters may further include simulated strain parameters. The simulated strain parameters may be strain parameters obtained by simulating the tensile process of the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions, and the preset tensile conditions may be the tensile conditions of the tensile test for obtaining the test strain parameters in step 130. In the present disclosure, by performing tensile simulation and actual tensile test under the same tensile conditions respectively, the tensile properties of the tensile specimen can be analyzed by combining the actual measurement data and the simulation data, so as to be able to perform comparative analysis on the test strain parameters and improve the credibility and accuracy of the data.

[0090] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, finite element simulation can be used to perform tensile simulation on the tensile specimen under preset tensile conditions. Finite element simulation is a mathematical simulation method, which can simulate the geometry and load conditions of a physical system through methods such as mathematical approximation and discretization, so as to solve continuous problems such as structure and heat conduction. In the present disclosure, according to the test strain parameters of the first tensile specimen, the second tensile specimen, and the third tensile specimen in the tensile test, an isotropic elastoplastic model can be adopted for the substrate zone in the tensile specimen and an anisotropic elastoplastic model can be adopted for the cladding zone in the finite element simulation, and then the tensile process of different tensile specimens under the preset tensile conditions can be simulated to obtain the simulated strain parameters.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the performance parameters further include residual stress distribution parameters, and the residual stress distribution parameters are obtained by measuring the residual stress of the second tensile specimen at different interface angles.

[0092] Among them, based on the test strain parameters, the performance parameters may further include residual stress distribution parameters. During the repair process of the component, it may be affected by various external factors during the laser cladding process, such as pressure, temperature, etc. Residual stress refers to the residual effect and influence inside the tensile specimen due to external factors after the external factors disappear. Residual stress may cause the component to fracture and affect its anti-brittle fracture ability, fatigue strength, stress corrosion resistance, dimensional stability, and service life. Therefore, by measuring the residual stress distribution of the tensile specimen, the tensile performance of the repaired first component can be further comprehensively evaluated.

[0093] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the residual stress of the second tensile specimen with different interface angles can be measured to obtain the residual stress distribution parameters regarding the interface angle. Optionally, a residual stress distribution curve of the cladding zone in the first component regarding the interface angle can be established with the interface angle of the intercepted second tensile specimen as the abscissa and the value of the residual stress as the ordinate.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the performance parameters further include the fracture mechanism, which is obtained by performing a morphology analysis on the fracture surface of the tensile specimen.

[0095] Among them, based on the test strain parameters, the performance parameters may further include the fracture mechanism. After the component fractures under the action of external forces, the fracture mechanism of the tensile specimen can be determined by performing a morphology analysis on the fracture surface of the fractured tensile specimen, such as it may be mixed fracture, brittle fracture, ductile fracture, etc. In the present disclosure, macroscopic analysis can be carried out through means such as the naked eye and optical microscope to observe the morphology of the fracture surface and determine the failure mode, fracture initiation point, etc. Other analytical instruments, such as energy spectrometers and scanning electron microscopes, can also be further used to observe and analyze the morphology of the fracture surface to determine the fracture mechanism. Usually, there may be differences in the fracture mechanisms of different interface angles and microstructures. Therefore, including the analysis of the fracture mechanism in the analysis of performance parameters can further improve the comprehensiveness of the evaluation of tensile performance.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the performance parameters may include test strain parameters, and may further include at least one of simulated strain parameters, residual stress distribution parameters, and fracture mechanisms. In the actual test of tensile performance, those skilled in the art can select and combine the performance parameters according to actual needs, and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0097] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, step 120 includes steps 210 to 220. Among them, Figure 2 The following shows the step flow chart of intercepting the tensile specimen in the embodiments of the present disclosure:

[0098] Step 210: Determine the angular interval according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first component.

[0099] Among them, the anisotropy coefficient is an index used to characterize the anisotropy of a material. Generally, the larger the anisotropy coefficient, the greater the difference in the physical and chemical properties of the material in different directions. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in order to improve the test accuracy of the change in tensile properties caused by anisotropy in the material, based on the intercepted tensile specimens with different interface angles, the angle interval of the interface angle can be determined according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first component. For example, when the anisotropy coefficient is large, the angle interval can be reduced to increase the coverage range of the tensile specimens for the interface angle, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

[0100] For example, at the interface between the matrix region and the cladding region of the first component, the angle interval is 5°, in the cladding region, the angle interval is 10°, and in the matrix region, the angle interval is 10°.

[0101] Step 220: Intercept tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component at the angle interval.

[0102] Among them, in the first component, the tensile specimens can be intercepted starting from 0° and ending at 90°, with an interval of one angle interval each time. Optionally, the first tensile specimen is intercepted at the interface between the cladding region and the matrix region of the first component, and the proportion of the cladding region and the matrix region in the first tensile specimen can be selected according to the test requirements. For example, in the first tensile specimen, it can be half cladding region and half matrix region. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of tensile specimens intercepted at each interface angle is not specifically limited. For example, one or more than two tensile specimens can be intercepted at each interface angle, or according to the test requirements, more tensile specimens can be intercepted at some interface angles such as 0°, 45°, and 90°. Those skilled in the art can adjust according to the application requirements.

[0103] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of intercepting the first tensile specimen in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example, Figure 3 As shown, taking the direction parallel to the plane of the matrix region 310 as the 0° interface angle and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the matrix region 310 as the 90° interface angle, at the interface between the matrix region 310 and the cladding region 320, the first tensile specimens are intercepted at the interface angles of 0°, 45°, and 90° respectively. Each first tensile specimen includes half of the matrix region 310 and half of the cladding region 320.

[0104] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of intercepting the second tensile specimen and the third tensile specimen in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. For example, Figure 4As shown, with the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate region 410 as the 0° interface angle and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate region 410 as the 90° interface angle, at the cladding region 420, second tensile specimens are intercepted at interface angles of 0°, 45°, and 90° respectively; at the substrate region 410, first tensile specimens are intercepted at interface angles of 0°, 45°, and 90° respectively.

[0105] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, step 110 includes steps 510 to 550. Among them, Figure 5 The following shows the step flow chart for obtaining the target process parameters in the embodiment of the present disclosure:

[0106] Step 510: Obtain the initial range of process parameters in laser cladding.

[0107] Among them, in laser cladding, the process parameters can usually be selected within a certain value range according to process conditions, processing requirements, etc. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial range can refer to the value range based on the traditional laser cladding repair process.

[0108] Step 520: Combine at least one set of initial process parameters by using the orthogonal test method within the initial range.

[0109] Among them, the orthogonal test method is an experimental design method for studying multiple factors and multiple levels, which can select representative level combinations from process parameters for experiments, and then screen out the required level combinations. Using the orthogonal test method can effectively shorten the test cycle and improve the test accuracy. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the effect of laser cladding repair is affected by various process parameters, and there are many value levels of process parameters. Therefore, combining the process parameters within the initial range by using the orthogonal test method to obtain the initial process parameters can screen out the required process parameter combinations with fewer experiments.

[0110] Step 530: Repair the component by using each set of initial process parameters respectively to obtain a second component.

[0111] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, step 530 can refer to the relevant description of repairing the component by using each set of target process parameters in the foregoing step 110 for reference. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0112] Step 540: Conduct metallographic analysis at the repair interface area of the second component, and screen the initial process parameters according to the observation results to obtain the target range of the process parameters.

[0113] Among them, metallographic analysis is a method of studying the microstructure of metals and alloys by magnifying 100 to 1500 times on a specially prepared specimen using a metallographic microscope. It is one of the most basic experimental techniques for studying the microstructure of metallic materials. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, metallographic analysis can be performed on the repair interface region of the second component to determine the metallurgical bonding state after laser cladding repair of the second component. Metallurgical bonding refers to the bonding state formed by the mutual diffusion of atoms between the interfaces of two metals. The interface formed by metallurgical bonding usually has good process performance. Therefore, by observing the metallurgical bonding state through metallographic analysis, the second components with metallurgical bonding states meeting the application requirements can be screened out, and then the target range can be determined according to the initial process parameters corresponding to the screened second components.

[0114] Figure 6 The metallographic diagram of a metallurgical bonding interface region provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. As Figure 6 shown, there are no cracks or voids in the repair interface region of the second component, and good metallurgical bonding is achieved. The target range can be determined according to the initial process parameters corresponding to the second component.

[0115] Step 550: Select at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding within the target range.

[0116] Among them, through the screening in step 540, the target range of process parameters with good metallurgical bonding is obtained. Then, the values of the process parameters can be selected within the target range and combined to obtain at least one set of target process parameters, so as to test the tensile properties after actual repair on the basis of good metallurgical bonding, and improve the efficiency of process parameter selection in laser cladding repair.

[0117] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, step 140 includes steps 710 to 720. Among them, Figure 7 The flow chart of the steps for determining the tensile properties in the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown as follows:

[0118] Step 710: For the first component repaired with each set of target process parameters, calculate the strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles according to the test strain parameters. The strength parameters include at least one of the yield strength and the tensile strength.

[0119] Among them, the strength parameter can be a parameter used to characterize the tensile limit of the tensile specimen. Generally, the higher the tensile limit of the tensile specimen, the better the tensile properties. Optionally, the strength parameters can include the yield strength, the tensile strength, etc. The tensile strength is used to characterize the stress of the maximum uniform plastic deformation of the tensile specimen, and the yield strength is used to characterize the stress of resisting plastic deformation. After obtaining the test strain parameters, data processing can be performed on the test strain parameters to calculate the yield strength, tensile strength, etc. corresponding to the tensile specimen.

[0120] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, at each interface angle in the cladding zone, the substrate zone, or the interface between the cladding zone and the substrate zone, multiple tensile specimens may be intercepted, and thus multiple yield strengths, tensile strengths, etc. can be obtained for each interface angle. At this time, the average value or the maximum value, etc. can be taken for the multiple yield strengths, tensile strengths, etc. Optionally, a curve can also be plotted with the interface angle as the horizontal axis and the average yield strength σ obtained under test conditions such as normal temperature tensile conditions and high temperature tensile conditions as the vertical axis to analyze the variation of the yield strength with the interface angle in the first component; the tensile strength can refer to statistical analysis and will not be elaborated here.

[0121] Step 720: Determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters according to the strength parameters.

[0122] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles and the target process parameters of the tensile specimens corresponding to the first component, the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters can be determined. For example, for the first component obtained by laser cladding repair using the target process parameters, the higher the strength parameter at this interface angle, the stronger the tensile property, and the lower the strength parameter at another interface angle, the weaker the tensile property.

[0123] The performance test method for laser cladding repair provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure intercepts tensile specimens at different interface angles in the cladding zone, the substrate zone, and the interface between the cladding zone and the substrate zone for testing, which can comprehensively reflect the mechanical anisotropy caused by the inhomogeneous microstructure at the repair interface after laser cladding repair of components, thereby systematically testing the state of damaged components after repair, comprehensively covering complex repair scenarios such as irregular parts, multi-axial stress states, and multi-damage defects, and accurately guiding the selection of target process parameters in component repair using laser cladding.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, performance parameters such as simulated strain parameters, residual stress distribution parameters, and fracture mechanisms can also be used to comprehensively analyze the tensile properties of the first component, comprehensively considering the comparison between the simulated strain parameters and the test strain parameters, the influence mechanism of residual stress on the tensile properties at different interface angles, and the influence of the fracture mechanism on the tensile properties, etc., to further improve the comprehensiveness of the tensile property test of the repair interface.

[0125] Figure 8 The step flow chart of a laser cladding repair method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, as Figure 8 shown, this method may include step 810 to step 830. As follows:

[0126] Step 810: Obtain the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction of the area to be repaired in the third component and the cladding forming direction.

[0127] Among them, for the third component to be repaired, the maximum principal stress direction of the area to be repaired can be obtained first. The maximum principal stress is used to characterize the limit of material failure under external loads. Further, the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction and the cladding forming direction can be obtained.

[0128] Figure 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a component repaired by laser cladding provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 9 shown, the damaged blade to be repaired is used as the third component, and it is planned to perform laser cladding repair on the area 910 to be repaired along the radial direction. The repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction of the area 910 to be repaired and the radial direction is α.

[0129] Step 820: Based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair angle, obtain the tensile properties corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters. The tensile properties are obtained by the performance test method of the aforementioned laser cladding repair.

[0130] Among them, based on the aforementioned Figures 1 to 7 performance test method of laser cladding repair, the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles under different target process parameters can be obtained. Therefore, the corresponding interface angle can be determined according to the repair angle, and then the tensile properties corresponding to this interface angle under different target process parameters can be obtained.

[0131] Take Figure 9 as an example. In the aforementioned Figures 1 to 7 performance test method of laser cladding repair, the yield strengths corresponding to different interface angles such as 15°, 30°, and 45° are measured under multiple sets of target process parameters. On this basis, when the repair angle α is 15°, the corresponding interface angle is 15°, and the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters when the interface angle is 15° can be obtained; when the repair angle α is 30°, the corresponding interface angle is 30°, and the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters when the interface angle is 30° can be obtained; when the repair angle α is 45°, the corresponding interface angle is 45°, and the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters when the interface angle is 45° can be obtained.

[0132] Step 830: According to the tensile properties, obtain the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions, and perform laser cladding repair on the third component.

[0133] Among them, the component repair conditions can be used to indicate the performance indicators to be achieved by the repaired component, and are used to characterize the application requirements of the repaired component. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, appropriate target process parameters can be selected for laser cladding repair of the third component according to the tensile performance. The tensile performance can be characterized by performance parameters such as test strain parameters, simulated strain parameters, residual stress distribution parameters, and fracture mechanisms. Therefore, based on the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction and the cladding forming direction, target process parameters that meet the application requirements can be selected to achieve high-quality component repair.

[0134] Take Figure 9 as an example. When the repair angle α is 15°, among the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters at an interface angle of 15°, the target process parameter with the maximum yield strength can be selected for laser cladding repair of the third component; when the repair angle α is 30°, among the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters at an interface angle of 30°, the target process parameter with the maximum yield strength can be selected for laser cladding repair of the third component; when the repair angle α is 45°, among the yield strengths corresponding to different target process parameters at an interface angle of 45°, the target process parameter with the maximum yield strength can be selected for laser cladding repair of the third component. Figure 9 The shaded part in

[0135] is the cladding area 920 after laser cladding repair.

[0136] Figure 10 shows a structural block diagram of a performance test device 1000 for laser cladding repair provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, which is applied to the performance test method for laser cladding repair as Figure 10 shown. The device may include:

[0137] A component repair module 1010, configured to obtain at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding, and respectively perform component repair using each set of target process parameters to obtain a first component, where the first component includes a substrate area and a cladding area;

[0138] The specimen cutting module 1020 is used to cut tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component. The tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate region and the cladding region. The second tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the cladding region. The third tensile specimen is obtained by cutting at different interface angles in the substrate region;

[0139] The parameter acquisition module 1030 is used to obtain the performance parameters of the tensile specimens. The performance parameters include test strain parameters, which are obtained by performing tensile tests on the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions;

[0140] The performance analysis module 1040 is used to determine the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles for each first component repaired with a set of target process parameters according to the performance parameters.

[0141] Optionally, the performance parameters further include simulated strain parameters, which are obtained by performing tensile simulations on the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions.

[0142] Optionally, the performance parameters further include residual stress distribution parameters, which are obtained by measuring the residual stress of the second tensile specimens with different interface angles.

[0143] Optionally, the performance parameters further include fracture mechanisms, which are obtained by performing morphology analysis on the fracture surfaces of the tensile specimens.

[0144] Optionally, the specimen cutting module 1020 includes:

[0145] The angle interval determination sub-module is used to determine the angle interval according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first component;

[0146] The tensile specimen cutting sub-module is used to cut tensile specimens with different interface angles at the angle interval in the first component.

[0147] Optionally, the component repair module 1010 includes:

[0148] The initial range acquisition sub-module is used to obtain the initial range of the process parameters in laser cladding;

[0149] The initial parameter determination sub-module is used to obtain at least one set of initial process parameters by combining using the orthogonal test method within the initial range;

[0150] The second component repair sub-module is used to repair the component respectively using each set of initial process parameters to obtain the second component;

[0151] A target range acquisition sub-module, configured to perform metallographic analysis at the repair interface of the second component, and screen the initial process parameters according to the observation results to obtain the target range of the process parameters;

[0152] A target parameter determination sub-module, configured to select at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding from the target range.

[0153] Optionally, the performance analysis module 1040 includes:

[0154] A strength calculation sub-module, configured to calculate the strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles for the first component repaired with each set of target process parameters according to the test strain parameters, where the strength parameters include at least one of the yield strength and the tensile strength;

[0155] A performance analysis sub-module, configured to determine the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters according to the strength parameters.

[0156] The performance test device for laser cladding repair provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure intercepts tensile specimens at different interface angles at the cladding area, the substrate area, and the interface between the cladding area and the substrate area for testing, which can comprehensively reflect the mechanical anisotropy caused by the microscopic tissue inhomogeneity at the repair interface after laser cladding repair of components, so as to systematically test the state of damaged components after repair, comprehensively cover complex repair scenarios such as irregular parts, multi-axial stress states, and multi-damage defects, and accurately guide the selection of target process parameters in the component repair using laser cladding.

[0157] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, performance parameters such as simulated strain parameters, residual stress distribution parameters, and fracture mechanisms can also be used to comprehensively analyze the tensile performance of the first component, comprehensively considering the comparison between the simulated strain parameters and the test strain parameters, the influence mechanism of residual stress on the tensile performance at different interface angles, and the influence of the fracture mechanism on the tensile performance, etc., to further improve the comprehensiveness of the tensile performance test of the repair interface.

[0158] Figure 11 The structural block diagram of a laser cladding repair device 1100 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is shown, which is applied to the above-mentioned laser cladding repair method, as Figure 11 shown, the device may include:

[0159] An included angle acquisition module 1110, configured to acquire the repair included angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress in the area to be repaired of the third component and the cladding forming direction;

[0160] A performance acquisition module 1120, configured to acquire the tensile performance corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair included angle, where the tensile performance is obtained by testing with the performance test device for cladding repair described in the third aspect;

[0161] The parameter selection module 1130 is configured to perform laser cladding repair on the third component according to the tensile performance to obtain target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions.

[0162] The laser cladding repair device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is based on the tensile performance corresponding to different interface angles under different target process parameters obtained by the foregoing performance test method for laser cladding repair, to obtain the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction of the area to be repaired of the damaged third component and the cladding forming direction, and according to the interface angle corresponding to the repair angle, to obtain the tensile performance corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters, and then perform laser cladding repair on the third component according to the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions; in the present disclosure, according to the repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction and the cladding forming direction, it is possible to effectively guide the repair process of the damaged component, so that the repaired component accurately meets the actual application requirements and improves the efficiency of component repair.

[0163] It should be noted that although the steps of the methods in the present disclosure are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that these steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution, etc., all of which should be regarded as part of the present disclosure.

[0164] It should be understood that the present disclosure does not limit its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components set forth in this specification. The present disclosure is capable of having other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more separate features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments of this specification illustrate the best mode known for implementing the present disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A laser cladding repair method, characterized in that, The method includes: obtaining a repair angle between the maximum principal stress direction of the area to be repaired in the third component and the cladding forming direction; obtaining the tensile properties corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair angle, where the tensile properties are obtained by a performance test method for laser cladding repair, and the performance test method for laser cladding repair is used to obtain the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles under different target process parameters; performing laser cladding repair on the third component according to the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions based on the tensile properties.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The performance test method for laser cladding repair includes the following steps: obtaining at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding, and respectively performing component repair using each set of the target process parameters to obtain a first component, where the first component includes a substrate area and a cladding area; intercepting tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component, where the tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is intercepted at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, the second tensile specimen is intercepted at different interface angles in the cladding area, and the third tensile specimen is intercepted at different interface angles in the substrate area; obtaining the performance parameters of the tensile specimens, where the performance parameters include test strain parameters, and the test strain parameters are obtained by performing a tensile test on the tensile specimens under a preset tensile condition; for each first component repaired with each set of the target process parameters, determining the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles according to the performance parameters.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The performance parameters further include simulated strain parameters, and the simulated strain parameters are obtained by performing a tensile simulation on the tensile specimens under the preset tensile condition.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein The performance parameters further include residual stress distribution parameters, and the residual stress distribution parameters are obtained by measuring the residual stress of the second tensile specimens with different interface angles.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein The performance parameters further include a fracture mechanism, and the fracture mechanism is obtained by performing a morphology analysis on the fracture surface of the tensile specimens.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein The intercepting of the tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component includes: determining an angular interval according to the anisotropy coefficient of the first component; intercepting tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component at the angular interval.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The obtaining of at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding includes: obtaining an initial range of process parameters in laser cladding; using the orthogonal test method to combine at least one set of initial process parameters in the initial range; respectively performing component repair using each set of the initial process parameters to obtain a second component; performing a metallographic analysis on the repair interface area of the second component, and screening the initial process parameters according to the observation results to obtain a target range of process parameters; selecting at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding in the target range.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determining of the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles according to the performance parameters for each first component repaired with each set of the target process parameters includes: For each first component repaired with the target process parameters, calculate the strength parameters corresponding to different interface angles according to the test strain parameters, where the strength parameters include at least one of yield strength and tensile strength; Determine the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles in different target process parameters according to the strength parameters.

9. A laser cladding repair device, characterized in that, The device includes: An included angle acquisition module for acquiring the repair included angle between the direction of the maximum principal stress in the area to be repaired of the third component and the cladding forming direction; A property acquisition module for acquiring the tensile properties corresponding to the interface angle under different target process parameters based on the interface angle corresponding to the repair included angle, where the tensile properties are obtained through a performance test device for laser cladding repair, and the performance test device for laser cladding repair is used to obtain the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles under different target process parameters; A parameter selection module for obtaining the target process parameters that meet the component repair conditions according to the tensile properties and performing laser cladding repair on the third component.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The performance test device for laser cladding repair includes: A component repair module for obtaining at least one set of target process parameters for laser cladding and respectively performing component repair with each set of the target process parameters to obtain a first component, where the first component includes a substrate area and a cladding area; A specimen intercepting module for intercepting tensile specimens with different interface angles in the first component, where the tensile specimens include a first tensile specimen, a second tensile specimen, and a third tensile specimen. The first tensile specimen is obtained by intercepting at different interface angles at the interface between the substrate area and the cladding area, the second tensile specimen is obtained by intercepting at different interface angles in the cladding area, and the third tensile specimen is obtained by intercepting at different interface angles in the substrate area; A parameter acquisition module for obtaining the performance parameters of the tensile specimens, where the performance parameters include test strain parameters, and the test strain parameters are obtained by performing a tensile test on the tensile specimens under preset tensile conditions; A performance analysis module for determining the tensile properties corresponding to different interface angles for each first component repaired with the target process parameters according to the performance parameters.

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