A distributed hydrological simulation method for river basins considering soil regulation methods

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods, comprising the following steps: S1: determining different soil regulation methods within the basin; S2: calculating the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin; S3: constructing a calculation formula for the influence values of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity; S4: correcting the calculation formula for the influence values of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity and inputting the corrected calculation formula into the WEP model. The present invention contributes to evaluating the influence of the construction of basin soil regulation measures on water cycle elements such as surface runoff and effective precipitation in the basin, reducing the occurrence of drought and flood disasters, improving the risk resistance ability, and promoting soil and water conservation and agricultural sustainable development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil and water conservation, and particularly relates to a distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods. Background Art

[0002] As the largest water storage body in the basin, soil profoundly affects the basin water cycle process. To mitigate the risks of drought and flood disasters in the basin, the construction of typical soil regulation measures such as deep tillage / subsoiling, straw returning to the field, biochar addition, ridge and furrow, and terraced fields, by affecting the water movement path and water holding capacity, thus changes the water cycle processes such as infiltration, evaporation, and runoff in the region, effectively improving the water use efficiency and soil regulation capacity.

[0003] Currently, with the rapid development and improvement of computer technology and hydrological models, it has become possible to simulate the basin water cycle process considering the construction of soil regulation measures. Domestic and foreign scholars have respectively used the WEEP, SWAT, and WEP models to study the impact of soil regulation measures such as terraced fields and straw returning to the field on the basin water cycle process, which has achieved good utility for strengthening the construction and application effect evaluation of soil regulation measures. However, previous studies on the above content have mostly focused on the impact of one or two typical soil measures on relevant element processes, and have not fully considered the spatial coordination and layout optimization under multi-objective applications, making it difficult to achieve their maximum benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: A distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Determine different soil regulation methods within the basin;

[0007] S2: Calculate the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin;

[0008] S3: Construct a calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity;

[0009] S4: According to the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin, correct the calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity, and input the corrected calculation formula into the WEP model to complete the distributed hydrological simulation.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Aiming at the complex expression of the impact of soil regulation measures construction on the process of basin water cycle elements, through improving the simulation of element processes, a distributed hydrological simulation method considering soil regulation measures construction is developed, which contributes to evaluating the impact of basin soil regulation measures construction on water cycle elements such as basin surface runoff and effective precipitation, reducing the occurrence of drought and flood disasters, improving the risk resistance ability, and promoting soil and water conservation and agricultural sustainable development.

[0011] Further, in step S1, the soil regulation methods include the first type of soil regulation method, the second type of soil regulation method, and the third type of soil regulation method; among them, the first type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by deep tillage, straw returning to the field, and adding biochar, the second type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by arranging ridge and furrow and terraced fields, and the third type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by landfilling porous fiber modules.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above further solution are as follows: In the present invention, classifying the soil regulation methods through the influence mechanism and combining with obtaining experimental data are beneficial to providing data support for quantifying the influence of soil regulation methods on the process of water cycle elements in the subsequent steps.

[0013] Further, in step S2, the calculation formula for the influence effect value LRR of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture in the basin is:

[0014]

[0015] Where represents the mean value of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indexes of the single-sample soil regulation method construction treatment group, represents the mean value of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indexes of the single-sample soil regulation method construction blank control group.

[0016] Further, in step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V1 of deep tillage on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is:

[0017]

[0018] Where S1 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after deep tillage, S0 represents the effective storage space of the bare soil unit before facility construction, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit;

[0019] The calculation formula for the influence value V2 of straw returning to the field on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, S2 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after straw returning to the field;

[0022] In the first type of soil regulation method, the calculation formula for the influence value V3 of adding biochar on the soil storage capacity is:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, S3 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after adding biochar.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V4 of arranging ridge and furrow in the second type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, H represents the ridge height, A represents the area of the evaluation unit, α represents the original ground slope, β represents the angle between the ridge edge and the slope, D represents the bottom width of the furrow, and d represents the ridge width;

[0028] The calculation formula for the influence value V5 of arranging terraced fields in the second type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, h represents the height of the terrace bank, b represents the height of the ridge, B represents the width of the ridge, and θ represents the slope of the terrace bank.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V6 of the third type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, F i represents the theoretical influence amount of the third type of soil regulation method on the potential infiltration amount of the soil, represents the average field capacity of the effective soil depth, represents the average wilting water content of the effective soil depth, h0 represents the effective soil depth of the soil unit, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit.

[0034] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is: In the present invention, based on the classification results of soil regulation measures and the existing empirical equations or physical equations in the literature, a mechanism equation is initially constructed, providing a basis for the subsequent correction of the equation.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S4, the calculation formula for the influence value V1' of deep tillage in the first type of soil regulation method after correction on the soil storage capacity is:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, V1' represents the regulated storage capacity of the deep loosening tillage of the evaluation unit after correction for water resources. represents the average effect value of the deep loosening tillage construction on the rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method. represents the average runoff coefficient of different rainfall events on the evaluation unit before the construction of soil regulation measures. represents the mean value of the wilting water content at the effective soil depth, h0 represents the effective soil depth of the soil unit, A represents the area of the evaluation unit. represents the mean value of the field water holding capacity at the effective soil depth.

[0038] The calculation formula for the influence value V2' of straw returning to the field on the soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method after correction is:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, V2' represents the regulated storage capacity of straw returning to the field of the evaluation unit after correction for water resources. represents the average effect value of the straw returning to the field construction on the rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method.

[0041] The calculation formula for the influence value V3' of adding biochar on the soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method after correction is:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, V3' represents the regulated storage capacity of adding biochar and the like of the evaluation unit after correction for water resources. represents the average effect value of adding biochar on the rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method.

[0044] The beneficial effect of the above further solution is that in the present invention, the mechanism equation in step S3 is corrected according to the influence effect value in step S2 and embedded in the WEP model to complete a basin distributed hydrological simulation method considering soil regulation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the basin distributed hydrological simulation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0046] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0047] Before describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, to make the solution of the present invention clearer and more complete, first, the abbreviations and key term definitions appearing in the present invention are described:

[0048] Subsoiling: A deep tillage method that uses subsoilers or chisel plows and other soil-loosening implements to loosen the soil without turning the soil layer.

[0049] Straw returning to the field: A measure of returning straw to the field, which is a widely valued yield-increasing measure for improving soil fertility in the world. It can not only prevent air pollution caused by straw burning but also increase soil fertility and yield.

[0050] Ridge and furrow: The ditch between ridges in the field, used for irrigation, drainage, or fertilization.

[0051] Terrace: A strip-shaped stepped or wavy-sectioned field built along the contour line on hilly slopes.

[0052] Porous fiber module: An inorganic fiber with strong water storage capacity, which can effectively absorb precipitation.

[0053] WEP model (Water and Energy transfer Process): The WEP model is developed on the basis of integrating the respective advantages of distributed hydrological models and land surface process models. Its simulation object is the "natural-artificial" dual water cycle system, which can provide support for various professional applications such as watershed water resources assessment and allocation, flood forecasting, soil erosion control, and water ecological environment analysis.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a distributed hydrological simulation method for a watershed considering soil regulation methods, including the following steps:

[0055] S1: Determine different soil regulation methods within the watershed;

[0056] S2: Calculate the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the watershed;

[0057] S3: Construct a calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity;

[0058] S4: According to the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the watershed, correct the calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity, and input the corrected calculation formula into the WEP model to complete the distributed hydrological simulation.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the soil regulation methods include the first type of soil regulation method, the second type of soil regulation method, and the third type of soil regulation method; among them, the first type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by subsoiling, straw returning to the field, and adding biochar, the second type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by arranging ridge and furrow and arranging terraces, and the third type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by landfilling porous fiber modules.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the calculation formula for the influence effect value LRR of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture in the basin is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, represents the mean value of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indexes of the construction treatment group of the single-sample soil regulation method, represents the mean value of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indexes of the blank control group of the single-sample soil regulation method construction.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, it is assumed that its water storage and regulation capacity for water resources is equal to the difference between the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after facility construction and the maximum potential infiltration amount of the bare soil unit before implementation: The calculation formula for the influence value V1 of subsoiling on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, S1 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after subsoiling, S0 represents the effective water storage and regulation space of the bare soil unit before facility construction, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit;

[0066] The calculation formula for the influence value V2 of straw returning to the field on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, S2 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after straw returning to the field;

[0069] The calculation formula for the influence value V3 of adding biochar on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, S3 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after adding biochar.

[0072] The maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit before facility construction is equal to its effective water storage and regulation space:

[0073] Among them, represents the mean value of the field water holding capacity at the effective depth of the soil, represents the mean value of the wilting water content at the effective depth of the soil, and h0 represents the effective depth of the soil in the soil body unit.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the water storage and regulation capacity of the second type of soil regulation method for soil water resources is equal to the maximum engineering geometric water storage space on the evaluation unit. The calculation formula for the influence value V4 of the ridge and furrow layout in the second type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, H represents the ridge height, A represents the area of the evaluation unit, α represents the original ground slope, β represents the angle between the ridge edge and the slope, D represents the bottom width of the furrow, and d represents the ridge width; H, D, d, and β are all farmland ridge and furrow layout parameters, and the basin mean values are obtained through field research.

[0077] The calculation formula for the influence value V5 of the terraced field layout in the second type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Wherein, h represents the height of the terrace bank, b represents the height of the ridge, B represents the width of the ridge, θ represents the slope of the terrace bank, and h, b, B, and θ are terrace layout parameters, and the basin mean values are obtained through field research.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the water storage and regulation capacity of the third type of soil regulation method for water resources is equal to the theoretical increase value of its potential soil infiltration. The calculation formula for the influence value V6 of the third type of soil regulation method on the soil storage capacity is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Wherein, F i represents the theoretical influence amount of the third type of soil regulation method on the potential soil infiltration, represents the average field capacity of the effective soil depth, represents the average wilting water content of the effective soil depth, h0 represents the effective soil depth of the soil unit, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the calculation formula for the influence value V1' of deep tillage on the soil storage capacity in the corrected first type of soil regulation method is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, V1' represents the water storage and regulation capacity of deep tillage on the evaluation unit after correction, represents the average effect value of the deep tillage construction in the first type of soil regulation method on rainfall-runoff, represents the average runoff coefficient of different rainfall events on the evaluation unit before the construction of soil regulation measures, represents the mean value of the wilting water content at the effective depth of the soil, h0 represents the effective depth of the soil in the soil body unit, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit. represents the mean value of the field water holding capacity at the effective depth of the soil;

[0086] The calculation formula for the influence value V2' of straw returning to the field on the soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method after correction is:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, V2' represents the water regulation capacity of straw returning to the field in the evaluation unit after correction. represents the average effect value of the impact of straw returning to the field construction on rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method;

[0089] The calculation formula for the influence value V3' of adding biochar on the soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method after correction is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, V3' represents the water regulation capacity of adding biochar and the like in the evaluation unit after correction. represents the average effect value of the impact of biochar addition on rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present invention, a soil regulation measure module can also be constructed, and a distributed hydrological model considering the soil regulation measures in the basin can be developed. Specifically: embed the corrected mathematical equation with physical mechanism into the calculation process of the water and heat fluxes in the original model, construct the soil regulation measure module, and develop a distributed hydrological model considering the soil regulation measures in the basin; when there are soil regulation measures in the sub-basins in the study area, the corresponding soil regulation measure targets can be called in the main program, so as to complete the basin distributed hydrological simulation method considering the soil regulation measures.

[0093] Among them, a data pre-processing module is built using modular programming technology, including the formatting processing and loop reading of the specification parameter databases of various infrastructure construction, the construction boundary, and the influence coefficient database; a regulation simulation module is built using modular programming technology, and the corresponding calculation units are revised for the specific representation of the impact of various infrastructure construction on the water cycle element process in the model; a post-processing module is built using modular programming technology, mainly for formatting and outputting surface runoff, evaporation, soil moisture change, effective precipitation, etc. according to user needs. The beneficial effects of the above steps are: embed the mechanism equation into the water and heat flux module in the WEP model, and construct a distributed hydrological model of the basin considering the soil regulation measures.

[0094] Integrate the constructed modules and embed them inside the corresponding module calculation units. When there are soil regulation measures in the sub-watersheds within the study area, the corresponding soil regulation measure targets can be called in the main program, thus completing the distributed hydrological simulation method for the watershed considering soil regulation measures.

[0095] The beneficial effects of the above steps are as follows: Integrating the distributed hydrological model of the watershed established in step S6 is conducive to evaluating the impacts of the construction of soil regulation measures within the watershed on water cycle elements such as surface runoff and effective precipitation in the watershed, thus completing the distributed hydrological simulation method for the watershed considering soil regulation measures.

[0096] The following is an illustration with specific embodiments.

[0097] In this embodiment, by obtaining the spatial layout data of soil regulation measures in the area to be studied, soil storage and regulation measures represented by measures such as subsoiling / ploughing, straw returning to the field, biochar addition, ridge and furrow, terrace layout, and porous fiber module landfill are determined. At the same time, the application specifications of the above soil storage and regulation measures in the industry and local areas are collected, and the standard application modes of the above soil storage and regulation measures are determined according to the specifications, and their parameter library files are constructed. According to the actual situation in the study area, the basic conditions for carrying out various soil storage and regulation measures are initially determined. Based on local DEM, land use, etc., with spatial geographical information such as land use and slope as constraints, combined with relevant soil regulation measure construction standards, it is determined that the suitable area for terrace construction in the watershed is limited to cultivated land, forest land, grassland, and bare land with a slope of 3 - 35° and a soil effective depth of ≥40 cm; the suitable area for ridge and furrow layout is limited to cultivated land and forest land with a slope of ≤15° and a soil effective depth of ≥60 cm; subsoiling / ploughing is limited to cultivated land and bare land with a slope of ≤25° and a soil effective depth of ≤100 cm with mechanical operation conditions; straw returning to the field is limited to cultivated land and grassland with a slope of ≤25°; biochar is limited to cultivated land, grassland, and bare land; the unit area investment of porous fiber module landfill is the largest. Affected by construction investment, currently, porous fiber module landfill is mainly limited to residential sites with a slope of ≤25° and a soil effective depth of ≥60 cm and construction conditions.

[0098] Using "terrace, ridge tillage, subsoiling / ploughing, straw returning to the field, biochar, and porous fiber module" as the theme keywords, and including keywords related to soil water cycle processes and soil physical and chemical properties such as "soil water", "runoff", and "infiltration", search for dissertations and periodicals in Chinese and English literature databases, and use Getdate software to obtain the experimental data in the literature. Among them, there is less research on ridge tillage and porous fiber module in the study area, and relevant experiments are planned to be carried out. Conduct experiments on the impacts of ridge tillage and porous fiber module under indoor and field conditions in the study area, set variables such as ridge width, layout, rainfall intensity, and burial dosage respectively, and consider the impacts of ridge tillage layout and porous fiber material landfill on key water cycle elements such as infiltration, soil water, and surface runoff.

[0099] Quantify the experimental data using the Meta-analysis method. Take the logarithmic response rate (LRR) as the effect value of the construction of soil regulation facilities on the water-holding and water-conducting characteristics of soil and its impact on key elements of the water cycle such as soil water and rainfall-runoff, and quantify the magnitude of its impact.

[0100] Based on the literature research and experimental observation results of the impact of soil regulation measures on the processes of water cycle elements, couple the water storage and regulation of each facility construction on the water cycle into the calculation process of the model's water and heat fluxes, and develop the WEP distributed hydrological model (WEP-BI) considering the water storage and regulation of soil regulation measures facilities. In this study, on the basis of determining the construction boundaries, specification parameters of various soil regulation measures in the basin and their impacts on water cycle elements, construct a database and input it as a basic file into the WEP model; on this basis, during the calculation of the grid cycle water and heat fluxes in the model, based on the data formulas of the above-mentioned various soil regulation measures, specifically correct the calculation of surface depression storage flow, soil infiltration and evapotranspiration processes in the infrastructure construction unit.

[0101] Combined with the construction method of regional soil regulation measures, use the grid method to determine the construction boundaries of typical soil regulation measures in the basin. Based on the improved WEP-BI model, without changing the parameter calibration results of the original WEP model, increase the water storage and regulation of soil regulation measures, simulate the changes in the rainfall-runoff process, and take 1991 - 2015 as the verification period to evaluate the reliability of the model simulation. The results show that considering the soil regulation measures, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of the simulated monthly runoff at a hydrological station by the improved WEP-BI model has increased from 0.779 to 0.792, and the absolute value of the relative error has decreased from 4.6% to 1.1%, indicating an improvement in the simulation accuracy.

[0102] When there are soil regulation measures in the sub-basins within the study area, just call the corresponding soil regulation measure targets in the main program, thus completing the distributed hydrological simulation method for the basin considering soil regulation measures. Integrate the constructed modules and embed them inside the corresponding module calculation units. When there are soil regulation measures in the sub-basins within the study area, just call the corresponding soil regulation measure targets in the main program, thus completing the distributed hydrological simulation method for the basin considering soil regulation measures.

[0103] The working principle and process of the present invention are as follows: The present invention determines the construction layout of soil regulation measures in the research area, constructs relevant databases, and then classifies the influence mechanisms of various soil regulation methods on the water cycle process, and quantifies the influence magnitude through the influence effect value (LRR). Subsequently, physical equations or empirical formulas for the influence of soil regulation measures on soil water storage capacity are collected, and the above physical equations are corrected based on the influence effect value (LRR). Then, the above physical equations are embedded into the calculation process of the original model's water and heat fluxes to construct a soil regulation measure module, and a distributed hydrological model considering the soil regulation measures in the basin is developed. When there are soil regulation measures in the sub-basins within the research area, the corresponding soil regulation measure targets can be called in the main program, thus completing the distributed hydrological simulation method for the basin considering soil regulation measures.

[0104] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In response to the complex expression of the influence of soil regulation measure construction on the process of water cycle elements in the basin, the present invention develops a distributed hydrological simulation method considering soil regulation measure construction by improving the simulation of the element process, which contributes to evaluating the influence of soil regulation measure construction in the basin on water cycle elements such as surface runoff and effective precipitation in the basin, reducing the occurrence of drought and flood disasters, improving the risk resistance ability, and promoting soil and water conservation and agricultural sustainable development.

[0105] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the embodiments here are to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific deformations and combinations without departing from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed in the present invention, and these deformations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Determine different soil regulation methods within the basin; S2: Calculate the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin; S3: Construct a calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity; S4: According to the influence effect values of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin, correct the calculation formula for the influence value of different soil regulation methods on soil storage capacity, and input the corrected calculation formula into the WEP model to complete distributed hydrological simulation; In the step S1, the soil regulation methods include the first type of soil regulation method, the second type of soil regulation method, and the third type of soil regulation method; among them, the first type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by deep tillage, straw returning to the field, and adding biochar, the second type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by arranging ridge ditches and terraces, and the third type of soil regulation method is to regulate the soil structure by landfilling porous fiber modules; In the step S4, the influence value V1 of subsoiling tillage on the soil storage capacity in the corrected first type of soil regulation method ' is calculated by the following formula: Among them, V1 ' represents the water storage and regulation capacity of the deep loosening tillage of the evaluation unit after correction, represents the average effect value of the deep loosening tillage construction on rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method, represents the average runoff coefficient of different rainfall events on the evaluation unit before the construction of soil regulation measures, represents the mean value of the wilting water content at the effective soil depth, h0 represents the effective soil depth of the soil body unit, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit, represents the mean value of the field water holding capacity at the effective soil depth; The influence value V2 of straw returning to the field on the soil storage capacity in the modified first type of soil regulation method ' The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, V2 ' represents the water storage and regulation capacity of straw returning to the field in the revised evaluation unit for water resources, represents the average effect value of the impact of straw returning to the field construction on rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method; The influence value V3 of adding biochar on the soil storage capacity in the modified first type of soil regulation method ' The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, V3 ' represents the water storage and regulation capacity of the biochar addition in the revised evaluation unit for water resources, represents the average effect value of the biochar addition on the rainfall-runoff in the first type of soil regulation method.

2. The distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S2, the calculation formula for the influence effect value LRR of different soil regulation methods on soil moisture within the basin is: Among them, represents the mean values of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indicators for the treatment group constructed by the single-sample soil regulation method. represents the mean values of rainfall-runoff and soil moisture indicators for the blank control group constructed by the single-sample soil regulation method.

3. The distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V1 of deep tillage on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is: Among them, S1 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after deep tillage, S0 represents the effective regulation and storage space of the bare soil unit before facility construction, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit; The calculation formula for the influence value V2 of straw returning to the field on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is: Among them, S2 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after straw returning to the field; The calculation formula for the influence value V3 of adding biochar on soil storage capacity in the first type of soil regulation method is: Among them, S3 represents the maximum potential infiltration amount of the soil in the evaluation unit after adding biochar.

4. The distributed hydrological simulation method for a basin considering soil regulation methods according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V4 of arranging ridge ditches on soil storage capacity in the second type of soil regulation method is: Among them, H represents the ridge height, A represents the area of the evaluation unit, α represents the original ground slope, β represents the angle between the ridge edge and the slope surface, D represents the bottom width of the ditch, and d represents the ridge width; The calculation formula for the influence value V5 of arranging terraces on soil storage capacity in the second type of soil regulation method is: Among them, h represents the height of the terrace bank, b represents the height of the ridge, B represents the width of the ridge, and θ represents the slope of the terrace bank.

5. The basin distributed hydrological simulation method considering soil regulation mode according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step S3, the calculation formula for the influence value V6 of the third type of soil regulation method on soil storage capacity is: Among them, F i represents the theoretical influence amount of the third type of soil regulation method on the potential soil infiltration amount, represents the average field water holding capacity of the effective soil depth, represents the average wilting water content of the effective soil depth. h0 represents the effective soil depth of the soil body unit, and A represents the area of the evaluation unit.

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