Brake device

Abstract

A braking device, which is configured to be directly mounted on a drive shaft or mounted on the drive shaft through a hub. The device includes a first brake disc (5) connected to the shaft in a manner that rotates together, and a first container disc (3) and a second container disc (4) configured to move in the axial direction of the shaft. The container discs (3, 4) are positioned on each side of the brake disc such that both container discs are configured to move in the axial direction towards the linings (5a, 5b) of the first brake disc and apply a pushing pressure to the linings of the first brake disc to brake the brake disc and thus brake the drive shaft on which the brake disc is assembled. In addition, the container discs (3, 4) include an internal circuit configured to allow a coolant to pass through, and the coolant is configured to cool the container discs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention comprises a brake device having a novel system which increases the braking capacity, reduces the wear on common components and includes a cooling system which ensures thermal stability of the brake disc.

[0002] The invention is used in various industrial sectors, primarily in the automotive industry, such as the railway industry or the aviation industry, and in all industries in which brake devices are operated. Background Art

[0003] Technical Problem and Background of the Invention

[0004] In the prior art, many brake systems with different types of configurations are known, and in particular, the automotive industry has conducted a lot of research and development in this field, resulting in different types of brake systems based on the needs of vehicles.

[0005] The most well-known braking system in the automotive industry is the disc brake system, in which, upon actuation of the brake pedal, a hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical system is activated, which moves the brake pads towards a disc that rotates together with the wheels of the vehicle, so that the wheels and therefore the vehicle are braked by means of friction between the brake pads and the disc.

[0006] In such a braking system, as previously described, the brake disc rotates continuously and jointly with the wheel of the vehicle, while the brake pad is in a fixed position relative to the wheel. The brake pad is moved axially toward the brake disc until it comes into contact with the brake disc and by continuing to apply pressure to the brake disc, friction is generated, which causes the brake disc to brake and thus the wheel of the vehicle to brake, resulting in overheating between the contacting parts.

[0007] Due to the fact that the brake disc is constantly rotating, the only cooling obtained is due to the air flow received by the brake disc from natural convection. Also, providing a cooling system in the brake pad to remove the generated heat is very complex given the surface, material and construction of the brake pad.

[0008] In addition to overheating, in the systems known from the prior art, the service life of the brake pads and brake discs is limited due to wear on the brake pads and brake discs caused by the intermittent friction between the brake pads and the brake discs.

[0009] Spanish patent ES2705358 describes a braking device comprising a container attached to two cast iron disks, said two cast iron disks together comprising a brake disk which does not rotate with the shaft but remains fixed, said brake disk being a support disk having a lining on one of its two sides that rotates with the shaft. The container with said two cast iron disks comprises an axial movement relative to the shaft that enables the container to come into contact with a lining positioned on one side of the support disk, thereby producing braking, while the container is cooled by means of a fluid flowing through it.

[0010] Document CH 551305 A relates to a liquid-cooled disc brake system for a non-driven axle of a heavy motor vehicle and trailer.

[0011] Document US 2013 / 341136 A1 relates to a water-cooled brake system, in particular a brake system comprising at least one rotating disk and a brake disk. Summary of the invention

[0012] The present invention relates to a braking system that solves the aforementioned problems and improves the efficiency of existing developed systems on the market.

[0013] In this manner, the present invention comprises a brake device mounted on a shaft, the brake device comprising:

[0014] - a first brake disc, the first brake disc comprising:

[0015] - a support disc assembled on the shaft, the support disc being configured to rotate together with the shaft and to move relative to the shaft in an axial direction;

[0016] - a first lining rigidly assembled on the first surface of the support disc; and

[0017] - a second lining rigidly assembled on a second surface of the support disc opposite to the first surface;

[0018] - a first containment tray configured to move only in the axial direction of the shaft; and

[0019] - A second containment tray which is configured to move only in the axial direction of the shaft or to remain stationary.

[0020] In this way, the brake disc rotates together with the shaft on which it is assembled, but the brake disc can move axially relative to the shaft while maintaining a same orientation. Meanwhile, the first container disc and the second container disc do not have the ability to rotate together with the shaft and the brake disc, but only include the ability to move in the axial direction.

[0021] The brake disc can be mounted directly on the shaft or via a hub. Likewise, in order to be able to move in the axial direction, the device can include a guide disc which is rigidly connected to the shaft directly or via a hub, the guide disc being a guide disc that enables the brake disc to move axially relative to the shaft.

[0022] The first brake disc is positioned between the first and second containment discs so that when the device is not applying brakes, the discs are separated by a space which prevents friction between the discs.

[0023] In order to brake the brake disc, the first container disc is configured to move toward the first lining of the first brake disc in the axial direction of the shaft. When the first container disc contacts the first lining as the first container disc moves, the first container disc applies pressure on the surface of the first lining, which generates friction and thus brakes the support disc.

[0024] In the same way, the first reservoir disk is configured to exert a pushing pressure on the first lining in the same axial direction when the pressure is continued to be exerted, wherein the pushing pressure causes the first brake disk to move.

[0025] The simplest embodiment of the device comprises: the first container disc is moved in the axial direction against the brake disc to apply a first friction force to the first lining, thereby generating braking. Since the friction force may not be sufficient to generate the desired braking, the brake disc continues to move until the second lining contacts the second container disc that remains stationary to double the friction contact surface, thereby generating a tight pressure on both sides of the brake disc to generate a clamping effect on the brake disc.

[0026] In order to reduce the temperature reached by the containment disks, each of the containment disks comprises an internal circuit configured to allow the passage or flow of a coolant configured to cool the containment disks, thereby reducing the temperature that may be reached due to friction with the linings.

[0027] In another embodiment, the second reservoir disc does not remain stationary, but moves towards the second lining of the brake disc, thereby being able to exert a pushing pressure on the second lining and to move the first brake disc relative to the shaft towards the first reservoir disc. In other words, the second reservoir disc can move the brake disc in a direction opposite to that performed by the first reservoir disc. In this way, each of the reservoir discs can exert a pushing pressure on both linings simultaneously in a distributed and regular manner.

[0028] Another embodiment of the braking device comprises:

[0029] a third containment disc positioned between the first brake disc and the second containment disc, the third containment disc being configured to move only in the axial direction of the shaft or to remain stationary; and

[0030] a second brake disc, which is assembled together on the shaft, which is configured to move in an axial direction relative to the shaft, and which is positioned between the second container disc and the third container disc;

[0031] The third container disc is identical to the first container disc and the second container disc, and the second brake disc is identical to the first brake disc. In other words, they have identical technical features independent of the device.

[0032] In this way, the third reservoir disk is configured to exert a pushing pressure on the second lining of the first brake disk and on the first lining of the second brake disk.

[0033] This embodiment includes two embodiments at the same time. In the first embodiment, in order to brake the shaft, the first container disc moves the first brake disc, the first brake disc pushes the third container disc, and the third container disc pushes the second brake disc until the second container disc remains stationary. In this way, the movement of the brake discs is only produced in the axial direction, and all faces of the two brake discs are pressed against the container disc.

[0034] Another embodiment includes that the second container disc does not remain stationary, but is configured to move in the axial direction toward the second lining of the second brake disc to exert a pushing pressure on the second lining and move the second brake disc along the axis toward the third container disc. In this way, the first container disc and the second container disc move toward the third container disc that remains stationary to move the brake discs positioned on each of the two sides of the third container disc. As in the previous embodiment, each face of the two brake discs is also pressed against each container disc, so that the container discs positioned on both ends perform a movement in opposite directions toward the middle disc.

[0035] The embodiments indicated also make it possible for the device to include not only three reservoir discs, but also a plurality of reservoir discs and a plurality of brake discs which are arranged alternately in the manner described.

[0036] In one embodiment, the brake device comprises at least one piston configured to generate a thrust load on a container disc positioned on one of the sides or ends of the brake device to move the container disc in an axial direction along the shaft. In other words, the piston is only located on the end of the brake device close to the container disc: the container disc is not surrounded by the brake disc on both sides.

[0037] In the simplest embodiment, in which the movement of the discs is effected in only one of the axial directions, the device need only be configured to push the piston of the first container disc; at the same time, if the second container disc needs to be moved so that the container discs positioned at each end perform a movement towards the inside, the system comprises two pistons, one on each side or end of the braking device.

[0038] In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one housing that is fixed, in other words, does not rotate or move, and is configured to be rigidly fastened to a frame, such as a vehicle frame, a gripping device, a chassis or a differential, by means of a bell-shaped coupling, and is mountable around an axle or a hub, and is configured to accommodate a piston in an inner cavity.

[0039] In the same way that the system may include one or two pistons, the system may also include one or two housings positioned on each side of a container disc located on the end of the system.

[0040] In one embodiment, the system comprises an electric motor fastened to the at least one housing, the electric motor being configured to actuate a transmission configured to move the piston in an axial direction relative to the housing. In this way, the transmission can move the piston in both directions of the axial direction.

[0041] In one embodiment, the transmission device includes a gear connected to the motor, and a pinion, which meshes with the gear and is assembled on the piston by means of a coupling with a helical worm, the coupling being accommodated in a tubular spiral seat of the piston, wherein, when the motor is actuated, the gear causes the pinion to rotate, and the pinion causes the piston to move in an axial direction by means of the helical screw.

[0042] In one embodiment, the device comprises a hose connected to the at least one housing through the second housing aperture, the hose being configured to introduce fluid into the inner cavity to move the piston in an axial direction. This configuration also requires a bleeder to enable liquid to be discharged from the inner cavity.

[0043] In one embodiment, the device comprises at least one first compression spring positioned between each container tray of the device, the first compression spring being configured to apply a separation pressure between the container trays. Thus, if the device comprises three container trays, there is a first spring between each of the three container trays to separate each of the three container trays when no push load is applied.

[0044] In the braking device, each container disc comprises:

[0045] - a first hole for accessing the internal circuit; and

[0046] - a second hole for accessing the internal circuit;

[0047] Therein, the coolant is configured to travel through the internal circuit by entering through the first aperture and exiting through the second aperture.

[0048] These holes are positioned on the peripheral surface of the reservoir disc and include a transverse direction so as not to interfere with the brake disc when braking occurs.

[0049] In one embodiment, the device comprises tubes connecting the first and second holes of the containment tray with a heat exchanger for the coolant. Preferably, the tubes distribute the coolant to the containment trays in parallel.

[0050] In one embodiment, the device comprises at least one sensor in each of the container trays, the sensor being configured to measure the temperature of the coolant. Preferably, the sensors are positioned in the first and second holes to measure the inlet and outlet temperatures of the liquid reaching each of the container trays.

[0051] In one embodiment, at least one of the reservoir discs comprises a fastening device configured to fasten the reservoir disc to the frame. In this way, it is the reservoir disc that is coupled to the element of the frame or chassis of the vehicle to which the brake device is fastened, wherein the remaining components, such as the housing without fastening devices, the brake disc and the reservoir disc, are floating.

[0052] In another embodiment, both the housing and the reservoir disc of the brake device are configured to be fastened to the frame, wherein only the brake disc is floating.

[0053] In one embodiment, the at least one housing comprises a plurality of first housing through holes arranged on the outer periphery, the plurality of first housing through holes being capable of being located in lugs of the housing. The first hole comprises an axial direction, and each of the container discs comprises a plurality of peripheral lugs, each of the plurality of peripheral lugs comprising a lug through hole in the axial direction.

[0054] In this embodiment, the braking device comprises a plurality of guide screws, each of which is inserted into the first hole of the at least one housing and into the lug hole of each of the container trays, regardless of the number of container trays of the device. In other words, the container trays are parallel.

[0055] The guide screw is configured to maintain the orientation of the receptacle disc relative to the shaft and guide the movement of the receptacle disc in the axial direction of the shaft or hub.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the device includes a plurality of first compression springs, each of which is concentrically mounted on each guide screw, and the first compression spring is positioned between each two container discs arranged in series and separated by a brake disc, and the first compression spring is configured to apply a separation pressure between the container discs.

[0057] In one embodiment, the support disc is formed from a cast iron portion, the support disc comprising:

[0058] - a central disc through hole, the central disc through hole including an axial direction;

[0059] - a plurality of fins arranged on the periphery of the central through hole; and

[0060] - At least one sliding engagement housing positioned on the periphery of the central hole, said at least one sliding engagement housing comprising an axial direction.

[0061] The support disc formed of a cast iron portion may comprise a cylindrical shape, a regular or irregular polygonal shape depending on braking requirements and manufacturing conditions.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the device comprises at least one guide plate, the at least one guide plate comprising:

[0063] - a central guide through hole, the central guide through hole comprising an axial direction;

[0064] - at least one guide shaft, said at least one guide shaft being positioned eccentrically to the central guide hole and said at least one guide shaft comprising an axial direction;

[0065] Therein, the guide disc is rigidly fastened to a shaft or a hub, the shaft being able to pass through a central guide hole, and the guide disc is assembled on the support disc in a sliding engagement in the axial direction. In this way, the central guide hole is concentric with the central disc through hole and the shaft or the hub, and this sliding engagement is produced by the fact that at least one guide shaft is accommodated in at least one accommodation of the support disc.

[0066] Preferably, the guide plate comprises six regularly positioned guide shafts, and the support plate comprises six receiving portions to be inserted by the guide shafts.

[0067] In one embodiment, the device includes at least two second compression springs concentrically mounted on each guide shaft, wherein one of the two second compression springs is positioned between the first end of the guide shaft and the support disk, and the other second compression spring is positioned between the support disk and the second end of the guide shaft.

[0068] In this way, when no pushing load is applied and the reservoir discs are separated, the brake disc also includes a space in the axial direction of the reservoir disc surrounding the brake disc to prevent undesirable friction that may cause braking.

[0069] In one embodiment, the device comprises a hub rigidly assembled on the shaft and rigidly assembled to at least one guide disc. The assembly is realized by engagement elements passing through at least one hole in the guide disc comprising an axial direction and a hole of the hub.

[0070] In one embodiment, each of the container disks is formed by a hollow cylinder, a cavity in which the internal circuit is located, the hollow cylinder and the cavity being manufactured as a single piece by casting and comprising a central container through hole through which a shaft or a hub can pass. Furthermore, the internal circuit comprises at least one inner wall configured so that the coolant surrounds the entire inner periphery of the disk, and the cooling is regular, and the manufacturing process is cheaper and simpler.

[0071] In another embodiment, the container disc is not manufactured in a single piece, but is formed from two assembled parts. A cylinder with an open receptacle on one of its bases is manufactured as a single piece by casting, the cylinder comprising a C-shaped cross section, which is assembled on the cast iron disc with its open base. This assembly formed between the container disc and the cast iron disc comprises a hollow cylinder with a central container through hole and at least one inner wall, the at least one inner wall being configured so that the internal circuit surrounds the entire inner periphery of the disc. In the case of this embodiment, the cast iron disc pushes and rubs against the lining of the brake disc, for which purpose the cast iron disc can have suitable structural and resistance characteristics.

[0072] In one embodiment, at least one container plate and / or one of the housings included in the device is coupled to the shaft by means of bearings, such as ball bearings, which allow the element to be placed on the shaft in a manner that transmits transverse loads but does not twist together with the shaft and ensures axial parallelism of the element.

[0073] Another invention comprises a container disc for a brake device, the container disc comprising a hollow cylinder manufactured in a single piece by casting, and the container disc comprising:

[0074] - a central through hole, the central through hole comprising an axial direction;

[0075] - an internal circuit configured to allow a fluid to pass therethrough;

[0076] - a first hole for accessing the internal circuit;

[0077] - a second hole for accessing the internal circuit;

[0078] - at least one inner wall configured so that the inner circuit surrounds the entire inner periphery of the disc; and

[0079] - A plurality of peripheral lugs, each peripheral lug comprising a lug through-hole in the axial direction.

[0080] In one embodiment of the containment disc, the first and second access openings to the inner circuit are positioned in a region different from the friction and push regions, preferably on a side or peripheral region of the containment disc, the first and second access openings comprising a transverse direction.

[0081] Another invention includes a brake disc for a brake device, the brake disc comprising:

[0082] - a support plate formed by a cast iron portion;

[0083] - a first lining rigidly assembled on the first flat surface of the support disc; and

[0084] - A second lining rigidly assembled on the second flat surface of the support disc.

[0085] The support disc formed of a cast iron portion may comprise a cylindrical shape, a regular or irregular polygonal shape depending on braking requirements and manufacturing conditions.

[0086] In one embodiment, the brake disc comprises:

[0087] - a central through hole, the central through hole comprising an axial direction;

[0088] - a plurality of fins arranged on the periphery of the central through hole; and

[0089] - At least one housing positioned on the periphery of the central hole, said at least one housing comprising an axial direction.

[0090] In any of the embodiments, both the described brake disc and the reservoir disc are configured for use in the braking device described above.

[0091] The invention of the described braking device has a series of advantages over the invention contained in document ES2705358, which are described below:

[0092] - Using at least two container trays instead of one, each manufactured in a single piece, instead of one container having two trays attached to the side, which achieves:

[0093] οGreater cooling capacity;

[0094] οMore even heat distribution in both container trays;

[0095] o the torsional stress of each of the two container discs is reduced relative to the single container in document ES2705358;

[0096] o Fewer parts are required, thereby simplifying manufacturing as well as assembly and disassembly; and

[0097] ο Reduction in the amount of materials used in the manufacturing process;

[0098] - the brake disc is squeezed on its two sides, which provides greater friction and therefore greater braking power;

[0099] - By having linings on each side of the support disc, a single brake disc can be operated more efficiently;

[0100] - More uniform pressure on the brake pads due to the clamping effect on the brake disc;

[0101] - the bending phenomenon of the two lamellar support discs, which could cause loss of parallelism with the cover disc of the container, disappears, thus solving this problem and ensuring a higher coefficient of friction when applying a higher brake;

[0102] -The system is compatible with electric actuation;

[0103] - The guide disc enables the axial movement of the brake disc while efficiently transmitting the rotation for the operation of the system. Moreover, the disc is designed so that it can be coupled to any hub existing on the automotive market. The guide disc enables the transmission of the braking torque to the drive shaft or the hub in each case; and

[0104] The support disk has fins which, during the rotation of the support disk, can generate an air flow like a turbine, which enables convective cooling of the mounted linings while simultaneously pushing the lining elements towards the outside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0105] To complete the description, and for the purpose of helping to make the features of the invention more easily understood, this specification is accompanied by a set of drawings forming an integral part thereof, which represent the following by way of illustration and not limitation:

[0106] · Figure 1a A perspective view of a first embodiment of the brake device, which is the subject of the invention, is shown, wherein a first reservoir disk and a second reservoir disk can be seen, with a brake disk between them and a single housing next to the first reservoir disk.

[0107] · Figure 1b A front view showing a first embodiment of a brake device to which the present invention is applied.

[0108] · Figure 1c A side view showing a first embodiment of a brake device to which the present invention is applied.

[0109] · Figure 2 An exploded perspective view showing a first embodiment of a brake device to which the present invention is applied.

[0110] · Figure 3a A perspective view of a system for moving a piston relative to a housing by means of a motor and a transmission is shown.

[0111] · Figure 3b A front view of a system for moving a piston relative to a housing by means of a motor and a transmission is shown.

[0112] · Figure 3c A side view of a system for moving a piston relative to a housing by means of a motor and a transmission is shown.

[0113] · Figure 4a A perspective view of a support disc is shown, wherein a central through hole, a plurality of fins arranged on the periphery of the central through hole, and six receiving portions located on the periphery of the central through hole, including the axial direction, are observed.

[0114] · Figure 4b An exploded perspective view of the brake disc and the guide disc is shown, wherein it can be seen how each of the six guide shafts is fitted in sliding engagement in six receptacles of the support disc.

[0115] · Figure 4c A perspective view of the brake disc assembled on the guide disc is shown, wherein it can be seen how each of the six guide shafts comprises two second compression springs positioned on each side of the support disc.

[0116] · Figure 4d A brake disc is shown, wherein the support disc comprises a cross shape, which is one of the possible shapes that the support disc of the brake disc of the present invention may comprise.

[0117] · Figure 5a A perspective view of an embodiment of the brake device which is the object of the present invention is shown, in which the housing comprises a bearing for coupling to a drive shaft and in which the reservoir disc comprises an assembled cast iron disc.

[0118] · Figure 5b A side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a brake device which is the object of the invention is shown, wherein the housing comprises a bearing, in particular a ball bearing, for coupling to a drive shaft and wherein the reservoir disk comprises an assembled cast iron disk.

[0119] · Figure 6A perspective view of a first embodiment of the brake device that is the object of the invention is shown, in which it can be seen that the housing is connected to a bell-shaped coupling and that the bell-shaped coupling is connected to the differential.

[0120] · Figure 7a A perspective view is shown of an embodiment of a brake device comprising two housings, each housing being positioned outside each reservoir disc, in other words on the side opposite to the side in contact with the brake disc.

[0121] · Figure 7b A perspective view showing an embodiment of the braking device shown below: Figure 7a In the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the two housings each positioned on each side, the brake device also includes a third container disk positioned between the first container disk and the second container disk and a second brake disk positioned between the second container disk and the third container disk.

[0122] Provided below is a list of reference numerals used in the depicted figures:

[0123] 1 Housing

[0124] 1a First housing hole,

[0125] 1b Second shell hole,

[0126] 1c inner cavity,

[0127] 1d Bleeder,

[0128] 2 pistons,

[0129] 3 First container tray,

[0130] 3a a first hole of a first container plate,

[0131] 3b the second hole of the first container plate,

[0132] 3c The peripheral lugs of the first container tray,

[0133] 3d The lug holes of the first container plate,

[0134] 4 Second container tray,

[0135] 4a The first hole of the second container plate,

[0136] 4b the second hole of the second container plate,

[0137] 4c The peripheral lugs of the second container tray,

[0138] 4d Lug holes for the second container tray,

[0139] 5 Support plate,

[0140] 5a First lining,

[0141] 5b Second lining,

[0142] 5c: a receiving portion;

[0143] 5d fin,

[0144] 5e Center plate through hole,

[0145] 6 tubes,

[0146] 7 Guide plate,

[0147] 7a Guide shaft,

[0148] 7b hole,

[0149] 7c Center guide hole,

[0150] 8 First compression spring,

[0151] 9 guide screws,

[0152] 10 nuts,

[0153] 11 hub,

[0154] 12 third container tray,

[0155] 12a The first hole of the third container plate,

[0156] 12b the second hole of the third container plate,

[0157] 12c The peripheral lug of the third container plate,

[0158] 12d Lug hole of the third container plate,

[0159] 13 cast iron pan,

[0160] 20 motors,

[0161] 21 gears,

[0162] 22 small gear,

[0163] 23 a second compression spring, and

[0164] 100 Axles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0165] like Figure 1a to Figure 1c and Figure 2As seen in the figure, in the simplest embodiment of the preferred invention, the preferred invention comprises a braking device comprising a first brake disc, which in turn comprises a cylindrical support disc 5 having a thickness reduced compared to its diameter, the first brake disc having a first lining 5a and a second lining 5b fastened to each side, the linings 5a, 5b being a plurality of brake pads.

[0166] The first brake disc is assembled on the shaft 100 by the hub 11 to jointly perform torsional rotation, but the torsional rotation includes sliding together in the axial movement of the shaft 100, so that the first brake disc has the ability to move in two orientations along the direction.

[0167] This assembly of the first brake disc and the shaft 100 is due to the configuration of the first brake disc itself and Figure 4b This assembly is achieved by the presence of the guide 7 shown in , which enables axial movement while rotating together with the shaft 100.

[0168] like Figure 4a As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the support disc 5 of the first brake disc comprises a central disc through hole 5e concentric with the support disc 5 itself, through which the shaft 100 is inserted. A plurality of fins 5d are positioned on the periphery of the central disc through hole 5e, which contribute to the cooling of the support disc 5 and the lining groups 5a and 5b when the support disc 5 and the lining groups 5a and 5b rotate, and six receiving portions 5c are regularly positioned between the fins 5d, the six receiving portions 5c comprising a cylindrical shape and having the same axial direction as the central disc through hole 5e.

[0169] Furthermore, the guide disc 7 includes: a central guide hole 7c, which is also penetrated by the shaft 100 and is therefore concentric with the central disc through hole 5e; and six guide shafts 7a, which are composed of six cylindrical protrusions oriented in the axial direction and regularly arranged on the outer periphery of the guide disc 7. The six guide shafts 7a are inserted into the six accommodation portions 5c with a certain gap that only allows the first brake disc to move axially relative to the guide disc 7, so that the support disc 5 and the guide disc 7 cooperate together to transmit the braking action from the linings 5a and 5b to the rotating shaft and / or hub.

[0170] The guide disc 7 is rigidly assembled on the shaft 100 by means of the hub 11 to which it is connected by means of five bolt joints passing through five corresponding holes 7 b of the guide disc 7 and five other corresponding holes of the hub 11 .

[0171] On each side of the first brake disc, the device comprises two identical reservoir discs 3, 4. The first reservoir disc 3 is positioned close to the first lining 5a and the second reservoir disc 4 is positioned close to the second lining 5b.

[0172] The operation of the device includes: when the shaft 100 and the first brake disc rotate together, the reservoir discs 3, 4 are stationary and separated from each of the linings 5a, 5b by a small distance; so that when the first brake disc is to be braked, the first reservoir disc 3 moves toward the first lining 5a in the axial direction to produce contact and thus generate friction. If the first reservoir disc 3 continues to apply a push load on the first lining 5a, the push load causes the first brake disc to move in the same axial direction until the second lining 5b comes into contact with the second reservoir disc 4 and generates a second friction on both sides of the first brake disc, thereby generating a clamping effect and generating a braking torque on the brake disc.

[0173] In order that the reservoir disks 3, 4 do not overheat and do not cause crystallization problems in the brake pads of the linings 5a, 5b, the reservoir disks 3, 4 have a cooling system. The system comprises an internal circuit, for each of the reservoir disks through which the coolant flows, the coolant enters through the first hole 3a of the first reservoir disk and the first hole 4a of the second reservoir disk, and the coolant is led out through the second hole 3b of the first reservoir disk and the second hole 4b of the second reservoir disk.

[0174] The coolant is guided through pipes 6 connected to the first holes 3a, 4a and the second holes 3b, 4b to a heat exchanger where the liquid reduces its temperature and recirculates to the container trays 3, 4 again.

[0175] Figure 2 Also shown is a piston 2 which is positioned on the side opposite to the side in which the first brake disc is positioned close to the first reservoir disc 3. This piston 2 generates a movement of said first reservoir disc 3 in the axial direction towards the first lining 5a.

[0176] The piston 2 is accommodated in an open interior cavity 1 c of a housing 1 , which is positioned on one side of the piston 2 and is concentric with both the reservoir disks 3 , 4 and the brake disk.

[0177] In a preferred embodiment, the housing 1 includes a second housing hole 1b, which is positioned on the side opposite to the side where the inner cavity 1c is located. The second housing hole 1b is connected to a hose that can introduce fluid into the inner cavity 1c, thereby moving the piston 2 in the axial direction, thereby generating movement of the first container disc 3 toward the first brake disc. Figure 5a and Figure 5b Also shown is a bleeder 1d that enables the fluid to be discharged from the inner cavity 1c.

[0178] exist Figure 3a to Figure 3c In another embodiment shown, the axial movement of the piston 2 relative to the housing 1 is performed by means of a transmission system and an electric motor 20 assembled on the housing 1 .

[0179] The motor 20 drives a gear 21 which meshes with a pinion 22 which is connected to the piston 2 by means of a helical worm. In this way, when the motor 20 is activated, the motor 20 moves the gear 21 which transmits the motion to the pinion 22, and when the pinion 22 rotates, the piston 2 moves axially in either direction depending on the direction of rotation of the motor 20.

[0180] Once the movement of the first container disc 3 and the first brake disc has been performed, the first lining 5a and the second lining 5b come into contact with the container discs 3, 4 to produce a compression which brakes the brake discs and, once the push load is removed, the container discs 3, 4 separate from the brake discs and resume their initial position. The restoring movement is performed by six first compression springs 8 arranged between the container discs 3, 4, which are correspondingly mounted on six further guide screws 9.

[0181] In order to separate the brake disc from the container discs 3, 4, 12 around the brake disc when no pushing pressure is applied, the device includes 12 second springs 23, which are mounted on six guide shafts 7a, so that six of the second compression springs 23 are positioned between the first end of each guide shaft 7a and the support disc 5 and the other second compression springs 23 are positioned between the support disc 5 and the second end of each guide shaft 7a.

[0182] The guide screws 9 are assembled on the housing 1, and each of the guide screws 9 is inserted into the corresponding first housing hole 1a; the guide screws 9 are assembled to the first container plate 3, and each of the guide screws 9 is inserted into the corresponding lug hole 3d of the first container plate positioned in the corresponding peripheral lug 3c of the first container plate; and the guide screws 9 are assembled to the second container plate 4, and each of the guide screws 9 is inserted into the corresponding lug hole 4d of the second container plate positioned in the corresponding peripheral lug 4c of the second container plate, and each screw 9 is tightened by the corresponding nut 10.

[0183] exist Figure 7a In the non-preferred embodiment shown, the device comprises two housings 1, each housing 1 being positioned outside the first container disc 3 and the second container disc 4, in other words, each housing 1 is positioned relative to the container discs 3, 4 on the side opposite to the side where the brake disc is located.

[0184] Each of the housings 1 includes a piston 2 accommodated in an inner cavity 1c of the housing 1, and each of the pistons 2 is configured to apply a load to the container discs 3, 4 to move the container discs 3, 4 in an axial pressing movement, so that compression is simultaneously generated on the two linings 5a, 5b without the need for the brake disc to move axially relative to the shaft 100.

[0185] Once the compression load is removed, the fluid is removed from the inner cavity 1 c and the first spring 8 applies separation loads between the two containment discs 3 , 4 , which restore the containment discs 3 , 4 to their initial position.

[0186] exist Figure 7b In another non-preferred embodiment shown, the system includes a third container tray 12 positioned between the first container tray 3 and the second container tray 4. The third container tray 12 is identical to the other two container trays 3 and 4, and therefore, the third container tray 12 includes: a first hole 12a of the third container tray, through which the coolant is introduced; a second hole 12b of the third container tray, through which the coolant is led out; and six peripheral lugs 12c of the third container tray each include a lug hole 12d of the third container tray. The hole 12d is fitted to the guide screw 9 in the same manner as the first container tray 3 and the second container tray 4 in the preferred embodiment. In addition, between each of the container trays 3, 4, 12, the device includes six first compression springs 8 mounted on the guide screw 9, and the six first compression springs 8 are Figure 7b Not shown in FIG.

[0187] In this embodiment, the system further comprises a second brake disc positioned between the third containment disc 12 and the second containment disc 4, said second brake disc being identical to the first brake disc and comprising the same features.

[0188] This embodiment operates so that the piston 2 positioned in the housing 1 close to the first and second reservoir discs 3, 4 moves the reservoirs 3, 4 axially in the clamping direction to move the first and second brake discs towards the third reservoir disc 12, so that each brake disc generates a double friction with the three reservoir discs 3, 4, 12. In this way, the friction surface is larger and the braking of the system is more efficient.

[0189] exist Figure 1a to Figure 1c , Figure 2 , Figure 7a to Figure 7b In the embodiment shown, the container trays 3, 4, 12 are manufactured in a single piece or in an integral manner, whereas Figure 5a to Figure 5b and Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the container tray 3 , 4 , 12 is manufactured starting from two assembled parts: a cylinder having an open housing on one of its bases and a cast iron tray 13 assembled on the open base.

[0190] The present invention should not be limited to the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art can implement other configurations based on this specification. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A braking device mounted on a drive shaft (100), comprising: A first brake disc, the first brake disc comprising: A support disc (5), the support disc (5) being assembled on the drive shaft (100), the support disc (5) being configured to rotate together with the drive shaft (100) and move axially relative to the drive shaft (100); A first lining (5a), the first lining (5a) being rigidly assembled on a first surface of the support disc (5); and A second lining (5b), the second lining (5b) being rigidly assembled on a second surface of the support disc (5); A first container disc (3), the first container disc (3) being configured to move only along the axial direction of the drive shaft (100); and A second container disc (4), the second container disc (4) being configured to move only along the axial direction of the drive shaft (100) or remain stationary; wherein the first brake disc is positioned between the first container disc (3) and the second container disc (4); wherein the first container disc (3) is configured to move axially towards the first lining (5a) of the first brake disc; wherein, the first container disc (3) is configured to apply a pushing pressure on the first lining (5a) along the axial direction to generate braking and cause the first brake disc to move towards the second container disc (4) relative to the drive shaft (100); wherein each container disc includes an internal circuit configured to allow a coolant to pass through, and the coolant is configured to cool the container disc; The braking device is characterized in that the support disc (5) is formed of a cast iron part, and the support disc (5) includes: A central disc through-hole (5e), the central disc through-hole (5e) including the axial direction; A plurality of fins (5d), the plurality of fins (5d) being arranged on the periphery of the central disc through-hole (5e); and At least one receiving portion (5c) in a sliding engagement manner, the at least one receiving portion (5c) being positioned on the periphery of the central disc through-hole, and the at least one receiving portion (5c) including the axial direction; and wherein the braking device includes at least one guide disc (7), the at least one guide disc (7) including: A central through-guide hole (7c), the central through-guide hole (7c) including the axial direction; At least one guide shaft (7a), the at least one guide shaft (7a) being positioned at an eccentric position with respect to the central through-guide hole (7c), and the at least one guide shaft (7a) including the axial direction; wherein the guide disc (7) is rigidly fastened to the drive shaft (100), and the guide disc (7) is assembled on the support disc (5) in a sliding engagement manner along the axial direction, and the central through-guide hole (7c) is concentric with the central disc through-hole (5e); and wherein the at least one guide shaft (7a) is configured to be received in the at least one receiving portion (5c) of the support disc (5).

2. The braking device according to claim 1, wherein, The second container disk (4) is configured to move along the axial direction towards the second lining (5b) of the first brake disk to apply a pushing pressure on the second lining (5b), and the second container disk (4) is configured to move the first brake disk relative to the drive shaft (100) towards the first container disk (3).

3. The braking device according to claim 1, comprising: a third container disk (12), the third container disk (12) being positioned between the first brake disk and the second container disk (4), the third container disk (12) being configured to move only along the axial direction of the drive shaft (100) or to remain stationary; and a second brake disk, the second brake disk being assembled together on the drive shaft (100), the second brake disk being configured to move along the axial direction relative to the drive shaft (100), the second brake disk being positioned between the second container disk (4) and the third container disk (12); wherein the third container disk (12) is configured to apply a pushing pressure on the second lining of the first brake disk and on the first lining of the second brake disk to effect braking on the drive shaft (100).

4. The braking device according to claim 3, wherein the second container disk (4) is configured to move along the axial direction towards the second lining (5b) of the second brake disk to apply a pushing pressure on the second lining (5b) of the second brake disk, and the second container disk (4) is configured to move the second brake disk relative to the drive shaft (100) towards the third container disk (12).

5. The braking device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising at least one piston (2), the at least one piston (2) being configured to generate a pushing load on a container disk positioned on one side of the two sides of the braking device to move the container disk along the axial direction along the drive shaft (100).

6. The braking device according to claim 5, comprising at least one fixed housing (1), the at least one housing (1) being configured to be rigidly fastened to a frame and to accommodate the piston (2) in an inner cavity (1c).

7. The braking device according to claim 6, comprising an electric motor (20), the electric motor (20) being fastened to the at least one housing (1), the electric motor (20) being configured to actuate a transmission device, the transmission device being configured to move the piston (2) relative to the housing (1) along the axial direction.

8. The braking device according to claim 7, wherein the transmission device comprises a gear (21) connected to the electric motor (20) and a pinion (22), the pinion (22) meshing with the gear (21) and being assembled on the piston (2) by means of a helical worm; wherein when the electric motor (20) is actuated, the gear (21) rotates the pinion (22), and the pinion (22) causes the piston (2) to move along the axial direction.

9. The braking device according to claim 6, comprising a hose which is connected to the at least one housing (1) through a second housing hole (1b), the hose being configured to introduce a fluid into the inner cavity (1c) so as to move the piston (2) in the axial direction.

10. The braking device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising at least one first compression spring (8), the at least one first compression spring (8) being positioned between every two adjacent container discs of the braking device, the first compression spring (8) being configured to apply a separating pressure between every two adjacent container discs.

11. The braking device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, each container disc comprises: a first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) for accessing the internal circuit; and a second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) for accessing the internal circuit; wherein the coolant is configured to travel through the internal circuit in such a way that it enters through the first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) and exits through the second hole (3b, 4b, 12b).

12. The braking device according to claim 11, comprising a pipe (6) which connects the first hole (3a, 4a, 12a) and the second hole (3b, 4b, 12b) of each container disc to a heat exchanger for the coolant.

13. The braking device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising at least one sensor located in each container disc, the at least one sensor being configured to measure the temperature of the coolant.

14. The braking device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, at least one container disc comprises fastening means configured to fasten the at least one container disc to a frame.

15. The braking device according to claim 6, wherein: the at least one housing (1) comprises a plurality of first housing through-holes (1a) which are arranged on the outer periphery and which include the axial direction; and each container disc comprises a plurality of peripheral lugs (3c, 4c, 12c), each of the peripheral lugs (3c, 4c, 12c) including a lug through-hole (3d, 4d, 12d) in the axial direction; wherein the braking device comprises a plurality of guiding screws (9), each of the plurality of guiding screws (9) being inserted into a first housing through-hole of the at least one housing (1) of the braking device and into the lug through-hole (3d, 4d, 12d) of each container disc of the braking device, wherein the guiding screw (9) is configured to guide the movement of each container disc in the axial direction of the drive shaft (100).

16. The braking device according to claim 15, comprising a plurality of first compression springs (8), each of the plurality of first compression springs (8) being concentrically mounted on each guide screw (9), the first compression springs (8) being positioned between every two adjacent container disks that are continuously arranged and separated by the brake disk, the first compression springs (8) being configured to apply a separating pressure between every two adjacent container disks.

17. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 - 4, comprising at least two second compression springs (23) concentrically mounted on each guide shaft (7a), wherein, one of the at least two second compression springs (23) is positioned between the first end of the guide shaft (7a) and the support disk (5), and the other second compression spring (23) is positioned between the support disk (5) and the second end of the guide shaft (7a).

18. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 - 4, comprising a hub (11) rigidly assembled to the drive shaft (100) and the at least one guide disk (7).

19. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 - 4, wherein, each container disk is formed by a hollow cylinder body manufactured as a single piece by casting, and each container disk includes a central container through - hole and at least one inner wall, the at least one inner wall being configured such that the internal circuit surrounds the entire inner peripheral edge of the container disk.

20. The braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, each container disk is formed by a cylinder body having an open receiving portion on one of its bases, the cylinder body being manufactured as a single piece by casting, the cylinder body having a C - shaped cross - section, the cylinder body being assembled to the cast iron disk (13) through its open base, wherein the assembly formed between each container disk and the cast iron disk includes a hollow cylinder body having a central container through - hole and at least one inner wall, the at least one inner wall being configured such that the internal circuit surrounds the entire inner peripheral edge of the container disk.

21. The braking device according to claim 6, wherein, at least one component selected from the group of components including the container disk and the at least one housing (1) is coupled to the drive shaft (100) by means of a bearing.

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