Upward horizontal access filling structure and method

Abstract

The upward horizontal access filling structure and method described in the present invention belong to the field of gold mine production technology and include a partition wall, spiral steel, a grouting pipe, an exhaust pipe, mortar filled in the tunnel, and upper supports, lower supports, and side supports arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel; the partition wall is provided with several rows of drilled holes evenly distributed along the length of the tunnel; the partition wall is provided with multiple rows of drilled holes from bottom to top, and multiple drilled holes are arranged at intervals within the drilled holes; the spiral steel, grouting pipe, and exhaust pipe all pass through the drilled holes, and the grouting pipe and exhaust pipe are fixed to the spiral steel; the grouting pipe, exhaust pipe, and spiral steel all extend to the outside of the drilled hole and are exposed, and the length of the grouting pipe extending outside the drilled hole is greater than the length of the exhaust pipe or spiral steel extending outside the drilled hole. The multiple rows of drilled holes on the partition wall can effectively shorten the backfill time and accurately control the proportion of backfill mortar at different levels; the backfill bearing capacity is improved by backfilling mortar with different proportions on different layers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gold mine production, in particular to an upward horizontal channel filling structure and method. Background Art

[0002] For mines that require selective mining and adaptability to rock changes, upward-facing, horizontal backfill mining is the preferred method, characterized by high selectivity, high ore recovery, and low frequency. Since mining proceeds from the bottom up, the quality of backfill in the previous layer is crucial for the subsequent mining and overall safety of the production process. Traditionally, backfilling the goaf in one go saves time, but results in lower bearing capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of low backfill bearing capacity, the present invention provides an upward horizontal access filling structure and method.

[0004] The present invention is achieved on the one hand by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The upward horizontal access filling structure includes upper supports, lower supports, side supports, partition walls, spiral steel, grouting pipes, exhaust pipes and mortar filled in the tunnel;

[0006] The upper support member, the lower support member and the side support members are respectively arranged on the top wall, the bottom wall and the two side walls of the tunnel;

[0007] The partition wall is provided with a plurality of holes and is evenly distributed along the length of the tunnel; the partition wall is provided with a plurality of rows of drill holes from bottom to top, and a plurality of drill holes are provided at intervals within the rows of drill holes; the spiral steel, grouting pipe and exhaust pipe are passed through the drill holes, and the grouting pipe and exhaust pipe are fixed to the spiral steel;

[0008] The grouting pipe, exhaust pipe and spiral steel are all extended to the outside of the borehole and exposed, and the length of the grouting pipe extending outside the borehole is greater than the length of the exhaust pipe or spiral steel extending outside the borehole.

[0009] The supporting strength of the backfill material in the tunnel is improved by means of upper supports, lower supports and side supports; at the same time, multiple rows of drilled holes on the partition wall can effectively shorten the backfill time and accurately control the proportion of backfill mortar at different levels; the bearing capacity of the backfill is improved by using backfill mortar of different proportions on different layers.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the spacing between the rows of drill holes is 2-4m, the spacing between adjacent drill holes in a drill hole row is 1.5-2.5m, and the distribution of the drill holes on the partition wall is reasonably adjusted according to the speed of mortar backfilling.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that a sealing plug is provided in the borehole and sleeved on the outside of the spiral steel, the grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe to prevent leakage of the backfill material.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that a plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the top of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust holes provided on the top of the exhaust pipe can improve the exhaust function to the maximum extent.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper support member comprises upper anchor rods and channel steel; the upper anchor rods are evenly distributed on the top wall of the tunnel; the channel steel is evenly distributed along the length of the tunnel, and the length of the channel steel is perpendicular to the length of the tunnel. The upper anchor rods and the channel steel cooperate with each other and cooperate with the backfill mortar to improve the structural strength of the upper layer of the backfill area.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper support member further comprises an upwardly raised arc-shaped steel frame, which is arranged above two adjacent channel-shaped steels and connected to the channel-shaped steels. The arrangement of the arc-shaped steel frame effectively increases the bearing capacity of the backfill material on the tunnel.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lower support member includes a lower anchor rod, a steel mesh, and a waterproof member; the waterproof member is laid on the bottom wall of the tunnel; the lower anchor rods pass through the waterproof member and are evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the tunnel; the steel mesh is arranged above the waterproof member and connected to the anchor rod. The waterproof member prevents excessive water loss in the mortar and thus protects the structural strength of the backfill material; the steel mesh helps to level the waterproof member and, by shortening the setting time of the mortar, improves the coagulation of the mortar at the bottom.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the side support members include side anchor rods, a steel mesh, and a waterproof member; the waterproof member is laid on the side wall of the tunnel; the side anchor rods pass through the waterproof member and are evenly distributed on the side wall of the tunnel; and the steel mesh is positioned outside the waterproof member and connected to the anchor rods. The steel mesh and the waterproof member cooperate to prevent moisture loss in the mortar and promote coagulation of the mortar edges and the tunnel side wall.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0018] The upward horizontal approach filling method comprises the steps of filling the stope alternately at every other mining time;

[0019] S1, one-step mining room, uses a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement and fill the false bottom 1m;

[0020] S2, on the basis of S1, use a water-cement ratio of 1:10 to cement and fill until 0.5m is left from the top;

[0021] S3, based on S2, uses a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement the top 0.5m thick;

[0022] S4. After the first-step mining, the second-step mining is carried out, using a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement the false bottom for 1m;

[0023] S5. Based on S4, use full tailings or rough stones to fill the gap until 0.5m is left from the top;

[0024] S6: Based on S5, a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement the top 0.5m thick;

[0025] S7. After S2 or S5 is completed, the filling body is filtered through a water filter pipe at a height of 1.5-2m in the filling area.

[0026] Improve the utilization rate of mining waste and use different proportions of mortar at different layer heights to achieve the purpose of increasing the bearing height.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the supporting strength of the backfill material in the tunnel is improved by the upper support members, lower support members and side support members; at the same time, the multiple rows of drill holes on the partition wall can effectively shorten the backfill time and can achieve precise control of the backfill mortar ratio at different levels; the bearing capacity of the backfill is improved by backfilling mortar with different proportions on different layers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the channel steel and arc steel frame according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the lower support frame according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the lower support member according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a side support member according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a partition wall according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6This is a first structural schematic diagram of the spiral steel, grouting pipe, exhaust pipe and sealing plug according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the spiral steel, grouting pipe, exhaust pipe and sealing plug according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the attached figure: 1. Channel steel, 2. Arc-shaped steel frame, 3. Lower anchor rod, 31. Baffle, 4. Wire mesh, 5. Side anchor rod, 6. Waterproof layer, 7. Partition wall, 8. Drill hole row, 81. Drill hole, 9. Sealing plug, 91. Exhaust pipe, 92. Spiral steel, 93. Grouting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0038] As shown in the attached drawings, the upward horizontal access filling structure includes an upper support member, a lower support member, a side support member, a partition wall 7, a spiral steel 92, a grouting pipe 93, an exhaust pipe 91 and mortar filled in the tunnel.

[0039] The upper support member, the lower support member and the side support member are respectively arranged on the top wall, the bottom wall and the two side walls of the tunnel.

[0040] The upper support member includes upper anchor rods and channel steel 1; the upper anchor rods are evenly distributed on the top wall of the tunnel; the channel steel 1 is evenly distributed along the length of the tunnel, and the length of the channel steel 1 is perpendicular to the length of the tunnel. The upper anchor rods and channel steel 1 cooperate with each other and cooperate with the backfill mortar to improve the structural strength of the upper layer of the backfill area. The upper support member also includes an upwardly raised arc-shaped steel frame 2, which is arranged above two adjacent channel steels 1 and connected to the channel steels 1. The provision of the arc-shaped steel frame 2 effectively increases the bearing capacity of the backfill material on the tunnel.

[0041] The lower support comprises a lower anchor rod 3, a steel mesh 4, and a waterproof member. The waterproof member is installed on the bottom wall of the tunnel. The lower anchor rod 3 passes through the waterproof member and is evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the tunnel. The steel mesh 4 is positioned above the waterproof member and connected to the anchor rod. The waterproof member prevents excessive water loss from the mortar and damages the structural strength of the backfill material. The steel mesh 4 helps level the waterproof member and, by shortening the mortar's setting time, improves the mortar's cohesion at the bottom. If necessary, the intersection between the lower anchor rod 3 and the waterproof member can be sealed and filled to reduce the area of ​​water loss.

[0042] The side support components consist of side anchor rods 5, a steel mesh 4, and waterproofing. The waterproofing is installed on the sidewalls of the tunnel. The side anchor rods 5 pass through the waterproofing and are evenly distributed along the tunnel sidewalls. The steel mesh 4 is placed outside the waterproofing and connected to the anchor rods. The steel mesh 4 and waterproofing also prevent moisture loss in the mortar, helping to stabilize the mortar against the tunnel sidewalls. If necessary, the intersection between the side anchor rods 5 and the waterproofing can be sealed and filled to minimize moisture loss.

[0043] A baffle 31 can be provided on the exposed ends of the lower anchor rod 3 and the side anchor rod 5, and a layer of steel mesh 4 can be added through the baffle 31, and the added steel mesh 4 is fixedly connected to the baffle 31 to further increase the structural strength of the inner side of the grouting.

[0044] The partition wall 7 is provided with a plurality of holes and is evenly distributed along the length of the tunnel; the partition wall 7 is provided with a plurality of rows of drill holes 8 from bottom to top, and a plurality of drill holes 81 are provided at intervals within the drill hole rows 8; the spiral steel 92, the grouting pipe 93 and the exhaust pipe 91 pass through the drill holes 81, and the grouting pipe 93 and the exhaust pipe 91 are fixed to the spiral steel 92;

[0045] The grouting pipe 93 , the exhaust pipe 91 and the spiral steel 92 are all extended to the outside of the borehole 81 and exposed, and the length of the grouting pipe 93 extending outside the borehole 81 is greater than the length of the exhaust pipe 91 or the spiral steel 92 extending outside the borehole 81 .

[0046] The supporting strength of the backfill material in the tunnel is improved by means of upper supports, lower supports and side supports; at the same time, the multiple rows of drill holes 8 on the partition wall 7 can effectively shorten the backfill time and can achieve precise control of the proportion of backfill mortar at different levels; the bearing capacity of the backfill is improved by using backfill mortar of different proportions on different layers.

[0047] The spacing between the rows of drill holes 8 is 2-4 m, and the spacing between adjacent drill holes 81 in the row of drill holes 8 is 1.5-2.5 m. The distribution of the drill holes 81 on the partition wall 7 is reasonably adjusted according to the speed of mortar backfilling.

[0048] A sealing plug 9 is provided in the borehole 81 and is sleeved on the outside of the spiral steel 92, the grouting pipe 93 and the exhaust pipe 91. The sealing plug 9 is used to prevent leakage of the backfill material.

[0049] A plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the top of the exhaust pipe 91. The exhaust holes provided on the top of the exhaust pipe 91 maximize the exhaust function.

[0050] The mortar is prepared using 42.5R ordinary Portland cement with a grouting pressure of 2 MPa. Ensure sufficient grouting pressure and control grouting time.

[0051] The upward horizontal approach filling method comprises the steps of filling the stope alternately at every other mining time;

[0052] S1, one-step mining room, uses a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement and fill the false bottom 1m;

[0053] S2, on the basis of S1, use a water-cement ratio of 1:10 to fill the gap to leave 0.5m from the top;

[0054] S3, based on S2, uses a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement the top 0.5m thick;

[0055] S4. After the first-step mining, the second-step mining is carried out, using a water-cement ratio of 1:4 to cement and fill the false bottom for 1m;

[0056] S5. Based on S4, use whole tailings or rough stones to fill the gap until 0.5m is left from the top;

[0057] S6: Based on S5, a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement the top 0.5m thick;

[0058] S7. After S2 or S5 is completed, the filling body is filtered through a water filter pipe at a height of 1.5-2m in the filling area.

[0059] Improve the utilization rate of mining waste and use different proportions of mortar at different layer heights to achieve the purpose of increasing the bearing height.

[0060] The upward horizontal entry filling structure and method described in the present invention improve the supporting strength of the backfill material in the tunnel through the upper support members, lower support members and side support members; at the same time, the multiple rows of drilled holes on the partition wall can effectively shorten the backfill time and can achieve precise control of the backfill mortar ratio at different levels; the bearing capacity of the backfill is improved by backfilling mortar with different proportions on different layers.

[0061] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0062] The terms "upper," "lower," "outer," "inner," and the like, if used in the present description and claims, and in the accompanying drawings, are used to distinguish relative positions and are not necessarily qualitative. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. Upward horizontal inlet filling structure, characterized by: The invention comprises an upper support, a lower support, a side support, a partition wall (7), a spiral steel (92), a grouting pipe (93), an exhaust pipe (91) and mortar filled in the tunnel; the upper support, the lower support and the side support are respectively arranged on the top wall, the bottom wall and the two side walls of the tunnel; the partition wall (7) is provided with a plurality of holes and is evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel; the partition wall (7) is provided with a plurality of rows of drill holes (8) from bottom to top, and a plurality of drill holes (81) are arranged in the drill hole rows (8) at intervals. The spiral steel (92), the grouting pipe (93) and the exhaust pipe (91) all pass through the borehole (81), and the grouting pipe (93) and the exhaust pipe (91) are fixed on the spiral steel (92); the grouting pipe (93), the exhaust pipe (91) and the spiral steel (92) all extend to the outside of the borehole (81) and are exposed, and the length of the grouting pipe (93) extending outside the borehole (81) is greater than the length of the exhaust pipe (91) or the spiral steel (92) extending outside the borehole (81).

2. The upward horizontal inlet filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the drill hole rows (8) is 2-4 m; the spacing between adjacent drill holes (81) in the drill hole row (8) is 1.5-2.5 m.

3. The upward horizontal channel filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plug (9) is provided in the drill hole (81) and is sleeved on the outside of the spiral steel (92), the grouting pipe (93) and the exhaust pipe (91).

4. The upward horizontal inlet filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the exhaust pipe (91) is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes.

5. The upward horizontal channel filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support member comprises an upper anchor rod and a channel steel (1); the upper anchor rod is evenly distributed on the top wall of the tunnel; the channel steel (1) is evenly distributed along the length direction of the tunnel, and the length direction of the channel steel (1) is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel.

6. The upward horizontal channel filling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper support member further comprises an upwardly raised arc-shaped steel frame (2), wherein the arc-shaped steel frame (2) is arranged above two adjacent channel-shaped steels (1) and is connected to the channel-shaped steels (1).

7. The upward horizontal channel filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower support member comprises a lower anchor rod (3), a steel wire mesh (4) and a waterproof member; the waterproof member is laid on the bottom wall of the tunnel; the lower anchor rod (3) passes through the waterproof member and is evenly distributed on the bottom wall of the tunnel; the steel wire mesh (4) is arranged above the waterproof member and connected to the anchor rod.

8. The upward horizontal channel filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side support member comprises a side anchor rod (5), a steel wire mesh (4) and a waterproof member; the waterproof member is laid on the side wall of the tunnel; the side anchor rod (5) passes through the waterproof member and is evenly distributed on the side wall of the tunnel; the steel wire mesh (4) is arranged outside the waterproof member and connected to the anchor rod.

9. A filling method using the upward horizontal entry filling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The mining area is filled alternately after each mining operation; S1, in the first-step mining room, a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement and fill the false bottom of 1m; S2, on the basis of S1, a water-cement ratio of 1:10 is used to cement and fill the area to a thickness of 0.5m from the top; S3, on the basis of S2, a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement and fill the area to a thickness of 0.5m from the top; S4, after the first-step mining, the second-step mining is carried out, and a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement and fill the false bottom of 1m; S5, on the basis of S4, full tailings or rough stones are used to fill the area to a thickness of 0.5m from the top; S6, on the basis of S5, a water-cement ratio of 1:4 is used to cement and fill the area to a thickness of 0.5m from the top; S7, after the completion of S2 or S5, the filling area is filtered through a water filter pipe at a height of 1.5-2m.

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