Boring bar with variable stiffness vibration absorber and working method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber and a working method, which is suitable for use in metal processing. The boring bar includes a boring bar body with a hollow cavity at the end. The cavity within the boring bar body is a vibration absorber cavity with a concentric structure with the boring bar body. The vibration absorber cavity is provided with a variable stiffness vibration absorber that absorbs vibration of a cutter head and thereby swings within the vibration absorber cavity to achieve vibration absorption. The variable stiffness vibration absorber includes a damping block suspended within the vibration absorber cavity. One end of the damping block is connected to the rear end of the boring tool via multiple strands of steel wire. The other end of the damping block is connected to a knob at the rear end of the vibration absorber cavity via multiple strands of steel wire. The knob is a movable end cap structure that can rotate relative to the vibration absorber cavity. By adjusting the knob to change the stiffness of the vibration absorber, different excitation frequencies can be adapted, vibration during part processing can be reduced, and the quality of the processed surface can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a boring bar and a working method, in particular to a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber used in metal processing and a working method. Background Art

[0002] In machining, boring bars are commonly used for holemaking. During boring, the insert periodically engages and exits the workpiece, creating fluctuations in cutting force that cause the boring bar to vibrate. In deep hole boring, the bar's large aspect ratio, low rigidity, and intense vibrations can result in substandard surface roughness and compromised hole quality. Existing vibration-damping boring bars have complex structures, difficult-to-adjust natural frequencies, and poor adaptability, preventing the vibration absorber from achieving optimal performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber and a working method are provided, which can quickly adjust and match the excitation frequency generated by the boring tool when it is working, thereby offsetting the excitation frequency generated by the boring tool when it is working.

[0004] Technical solution: In view of the above technical objectives, the present invention provides a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber, comprising a boring bar body provided with a hollow cavity, the cavity in the boring bar body being a vibration absorber cavity with a concentric structure with the boring bar body, a variable stiffness vibration absorber is provided in the vibration absorber cavity, which absorbs the vibration of the tool head and swings in the vibration absorber cavity to achieve vibration absorption, the variable stiffness vibration absorber comprises a damping block suspended in the vibration absorber cavity, one end of the damping block is connected to the tail end of the boring tool through multiple steel wires, the other end of the damping block is connected to a knob provided at the tail end of the vibration absorber cavity through multiple steel wires, the knob is a movable end cover structure that can be rotated relative to the vibration absorber cavity, the steel wire is spirally connected to the damping block, and when the knob is rotated, the steel wire will be wrapped around the side of the damping block, thereby changing the tightness of the steel wire and thereby changing the frequency of the vibration absorbed by the damping block, thereby adjusting and matching the vibration frequency of the boring tool during operation.

[0005] Furthermore, the damping block is made of high-damping epoxy resin flexible material. The damping block is a columnar structure with spiral patterns on its outer side. The spiral patterns enable the steel wire to be more firmly wound around its surface to prevent slipping.

[0006] Furthermore, there are four steel wires, each of which is evenly arranged at 90° to each other along the circumference of the boring bar and wrapped around the outer side of the damping block. The two ends of the four steel wires are also connected to the boring tool and the knob at 90° intervals respectively. By rotating the knob, the steel wires can be adjusted in a loose state to match the working vibration of the boring tool.

[0007] A method for operating a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber comprises the following steps: starting the boring cutter, causing the vibration absorber to absorb the boring cutter vibration and swing; then rotating a knob to adjust the state of a damping block wrapped with a steel wire; by changing the tension length of the steel wire, the damping block is quickly adjusted to a state matching the vibration frequency generated by the boring cutter during operation; and the vibration energy is consumed by the friction damping effect between the steel wire and the damping block.

[0008] By rotating the knob at the end of the boring bar, four steel wires are driven to wind around the damping block. The greater the winding force of the steel wire on the damping block, the higher the natural frequency of the entire vibration absorber. Conversely, the smaller the stiffness, the lower the natural frequency of the vibration absorber. Beneficial effects

[0009] According to the excitation frequency generated by different boring tools when working, the knob at the tail of the boring bar is rotated to drive the steel wire to rotate. The steel wire is wound on the damping block. By controlling the winding force, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber can be changed. In this way, the vibration absorber can stimulate resonance at different excitation frequencies to meet the vibration absorption needs of various excitation frequencies. It is easy to adjust and can be adjusted directly after the boring tool is started. It can also be quickly adjusted to the optimal working state according to the working frequency of the boring tool in the working state, and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber according to the present invention.

[0011] In the figure: 1-boring rod; 2-steel wire; 3-damping block; 4-knob; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber, comprising a boring bar 1 and a variable stiffness vibration absorber; the variable stiffness vibration absorber is arranged inside the boring bar and is a suspension structure in which a steel wire 2 surrounds a damping block 3.

[0014] It includes a boring bar body 1 with a hollow cavity, the cavity in the boring bar body 1 is a vibration absorber cavity with a concentric structure with the boring bar body 1, and a variable stiffness vibration absorber is provided in the vibration absorber cavity for absorbing the vibration of the cutter head and swinging in the vibration absorber cavity to achieve vibration absorption. The variable stiffness vibration absorber includes a damping block 3 suspended in the vibration absorber cavity, one end of the damping block 3 is connected to the tail end of the boring tool through a multi-strand steel wire 2, and the other end of the damping block 3 is connected to a knob 4 set at the tail end of the vibration absorber cavity through a multi-strand steel wire 2. The knob 4 is a movable end cover structure that can be rotated relative to the vibration absorber cavity, and the steel wire 2 is spirally connected to the damping block 3. When the knob 4 is rotated, the steel wire 2 will be wrapped around the side of the damping block 3, thereby changing the tightness of the steel wire and thereby changing the frequency of the vibration absorbed by the damping block 3, thereby adjusting and matching the vibration frequency of the boring tool during operation.

[0015] The damping block 3 is made of high-damping epoxy resin flexible material. The damping block 3 is a columnar structure with spiral patterns on its outer side. The spiral patterns enable the steel wire to be more firmly wound around its surface to prevent slipping.

[0016] Among them, there are four steel wires 2, each of which is evenly arranged at a 90° angle to each other along the circumference of the boring rod and wound around the outer side of the damping block 3. The two ends of the four steel wires 2 are also connected to the boring tool and the knob 4 at a 90° angle respectively. By rotating the knob, the steel wire 2 can be adjusted in a loose state to match the working vibration of the boring tool.

[0017] A method for operating a boring bar with a variable-stiffness vibration absorber includes the following steps: The boring cutter is activated, and the vibration absorber absorbs the boring cutter's vibration and swings. A knob 4 is then rotated to adjust the state of a damping block 3 wrapped with a steel wire 2. By varying the tension length of the steel wire 2, the damping block 3 is quickly adjusted to a state matching the vibration frequency generated by the boring cutter. Vibration energy is dissipated through the frictional damping effect between the steel wire 2 and the damping block 3. Rotating the knob 4 at the end of the boring bar drives the four steel wires 2 to wind around the damping block 3. The greater the force with which the steel wires 2 are wound around the damping block 3, the higher the natural frequency of the entire vibration absorber. Conversely, the lower the stiffness, the lower the natural frequency of the vibration absorber.

[0018] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber, characterized in that: The invention comprises a boring bar body (1) with a hollow cavity at the end thereof, the cavity in the boring bar body (1) being a vibration absorber cavity having a concentric structure with the boring bar body (1), a variable stiffness vibration absorber being provided in the vibration absorber cavity for absorbing vibration of a cutter head and swinging in the vibration absorber cavity to achieve vibration absorption, the variable stiffness vibration absorber comprising a damping block (3) suspended in the vibration absorber cavity, one end of the damping block (3) being connected to the front end of the hollow cavity by a plurality of steel wires (2), and the damping block ( The other end of the damping block (3) is connected to a knob (4) arranged at the tail end of the vibration absorber cavity through a plurality of steel wires (2). The knob (4) is a movable end cover structure that can rotate relative to the vibration absorber cavity. The steel wire (2) is spirally connected to the damping block (3). When the knob (4) is rotated, the steel wire (2) is wound around the side of the damping block (3), thereby changing the tightness of the steel wire and thus changing the frequency of the vibration absorbed by the damping block (3), thereby adjusting and matching the vibration frequency of the boring tool during operation.

2. The boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping block (3) is made of a high-damping epoxy resin flexible material. The damping block (3) is a columnar structure with spiral patterns on its outer side. The spiral patterns enable the steel wire to be more firmly wound around its surface to prevent slipping.

3. The boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four steel wires (2), each of which is evenly arranged along the circumference of the boring bar and wound around the outer side of the damping block (3). The two ends of the four steel wires (2) are also connected to the front end of the hollow cavity and the knob (4) at 90° intervals. By rotating the knob, the steel wires (2) are adjusted in a loose state to match the working vibration of the boring tool.

4. A working method using the boring bar with variable stiffness vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps are as follows: the boring tool is started, the vibration absorber absorbs the vibration of the boring tool and swings, and then the knob (4) is rotated to adjust the state of the damping block (4) wound by the steel wire (2), and the damping block (4) is quickly adjusted to a state matching the vibration frequency generated when the boring tool is working by changing the tension length of the steel wire (2), and the vibration energy is consumed by the friction damping effect between the steel wire (2) and the damping block (3).

5. The method for operating a boring bar with a variable stiffness vibration absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: By rotating the knob (4) at the tail of the boring bar, the four steel wires (2) are driven to wind around the damping block (3). The greater the winding force of the steel wires (2) on the damping block (3), the higher the natural frequency of the entire vibration absorber. Conversely, the smaller the stiffness, the lower the natural frequency of the vibration absorber.

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