Pressure swing adsorption device and rotary valve thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rotary valve, which includes: a valve body, which is a cylindrical structure, and is provided with three flow channel groups; and a valve sleeve, whose coaxial sealing sleeve is provided on the valve body, and the valve sleeve is evenly provided with multiple through holes, the inner end of each through hole extends to form a vertical groove, and the vertical groove is divided into three sections along the vertical direction, corresponding to the ports of different flow channel groups respectively. A switching valve is provided at the through hole, and the switching valve connects the through hole to the two sections of the vertical groove, thereby switching the corresponding two flow channel groups to a working state. The valve body rotates around the axis relative to the valve sleeve so that the multiple through holes are combined and connected with the ports of the two flow channel groups in the working state, thereby changing the process operation mode. Each through hole is connected to at most one port of the valve body. The present invention also discloses a pressure swing adsorption device. The rotary valve of the present invention can switch the working state of the flow channel group, realize online switching of the timing process, meet the demand for improvement of process conditions due to fluctuations in on-site raw materials, and enhance production flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure swing adsorption separation, and in particular to a pressure swing adsorption device and a rotary valve thereof. Background Art

[0002] The increasing demand for hydrogen energy is placing greater demands on hydrogen purification technology. Traditional pressure swing adsorption technology, limited by programmable valve trains, suffers from long adsorption cycles (typically 10 minutes for each cycle of adsorption, pressure equalization, desorption, and pressurization) and large footprints. This is particularly true in small-scale hydrogen supply applications, such as hydrogen refueling stations, which place higher demands on the integration of hydrogen purification equipment.

[0003] Patent document CN101139088A proposes a design concept for a rotating molecular sieve micro-pressure swing adsorption oxygen generator. However, this solution requires the molecular sieve-filled column to rotate, limiting the device's scale-up and operational flexibility. In fact, analysis reveals that the rotating structure proposed in this patent document cannot achieve the pressure swing adsorption process.

[0004] Another technology, rotary valves, such as the one disclosed in patent document CN101446361A, comprise a rotor and a stator. The valve utilizes at least one compression spring to provide contact between the two. The spring is designed to counteract the pressure that would separate the rotor and stator, reducing the torque required to rotate the rotor within the valve while preventing leakage between the rotor and stator. While this rotary valve eliminates the need for adsorption tower rotation, maintenance and replacement require downtime, making it generally used only in short-term projects.

[0005] In long-term projects, rotating components can wear out over time, leading to gas leaks and requiring shutdown for replacement. Furthermore, feedstock can fluctuate. When the feedstock contains an increased number of heavy components, an internal gas purge, or even a product gas purge, is required to completely desorb the adsorbent bed. When the feedstock composition is favorable, no auxiliary regeneration step is necessary. Existing pressure swing adsorption units suffer from poor feedstock adaptability and limited process adjustment range, making them unsuitable for long-term projects.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a pressure swing adsorption device and a rotary valve thereof, so as to improve the problems of the rotary valve and pressure swing adsorption device in the prior art, such as lack of operational flexibility and inability to adapt to raw material fluctuations.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a pressure swing adsorption device and a rotary valve thereof, so as to improve the problems of the rotary valve in the prior art, such as the inconvenience of maintenance and replacement and the unsuitability for long-cycle projects.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotary valve, comprising: a valve body, which is a cylindrical structure, wherein three flow channel groups are provided in the valve body, and the ports of the three flow channel groups are arranged on the surface of the valve body; and a valve sleeve, wherein a coaxial sealing sleeve is arranged outside the valve body, and the valve sleeve is evenly provided with a plurality of through holes, and the inner end of each through hole extends to form a vertical groove, and the vertical groove is divided into three sections along the vertical direction, corresponding to the ports of different flow channel groups respectively, and a switching valve is provided at the through hole, and the switching valve connects the through hole to the two sections of the vertical groove, thereby switching the corresponding two flow channel groups to a working state, and the valve body rotates around the axis relative to the valve sleeve, so that the plurality of through holes are connected to the port combination of the two flow channel groups in the working state, thereby changing the process operation mode, and each through hole is connected to at most one port of the valve body.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the three flow channel groups include one normally open flow channel group and two switching flow channel groups.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the valve body is composed of at least two valve blocks, the at least two valve blocks are detachably connected, and the two switching flow channel groups are arranged in different valve blocks.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the process timings corresponding to the two switching flow channel groups are the same or different.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, one port of the normally open flow channel group is located at the center of the top surface of the valve body, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and has an arc-shaped groove extending horizontally.

[0014] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a pressure swing adsorption device, comprising: a raw gas valve, which is the rotary valve in the above technical solution, the ports of the raw gas valve including a feed port arranged at the center of the top surface and a discharge port arranged at the center of the bottom surface; a product gas valve, which is the rotary valve in the above technical solution, the ports of the product gas valve including a product gas port arranged at the center of the top surface, the valve body of the product gas valve and the valve body of the raw gas valve coaxially and synchronously rotate according to a set timing; and a plurality of adsorption towers, whose bottom air ducts are respectively connected to the through holes of the raw gas valve, and whose top air ducts are respectively connected to the through holes of the product gas valve.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the three flow channel groups of the product gas valve respectively include: a product gas channel, one port of which is the product gas port, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and has a first arc-shaped groove extending horizontally, the first arc-shaped groove is used to guide the product gas of at least one adsorption tower to flow between the product gas port and the through hole aligned with the first arc-shaped groove; a first pressure equalizing channel, both ports of which are arranged on the side wall of the valve body, the first pressure equalizing channel is used to guide the product gas to flow between the two through holes aligned with the two ports of the first pressure equalizing channel; and a second pressure equalizing channel, both ports of which are arranged on the side wall of the valve body, the second pressure equalizing channel is used to guide the product gas to flow between the two through holes aligned with the two ports of the second pressure equalizing channel.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of first pressure equalizing channels is 2 to 10, and the angle between adjacent first pressure equalizing channels is 10° to 45°; the number of second pressure equalizing channels is 2 to 10, and the angle between adjacent second pressure equalizing channels is 10° to 45°; the arrangement of the first pressure equalizing channels is the same as or different from the arrangement of the second pressure equalizing channels.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the valve body of the product gas valve is composed of an upper valve block, a middle valve block and a lower valve block, the product gas channel is arranged in the middle valve block and passes through the upper valve block, the first equalizing pressure channel and the second equalizing pressure channel are respectively arranged in the upper valve block and the lower valve block, and the upper valve block and the lower valve block are detachably connected to the middle valve block.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the three flow channel groups of the raw gas valve respectively include: a raw gas channel, one port of which is a feed port, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and has a second arc-shaped groove extending horizontally, the second arc-shaped groove is used to guide the feed gas flow to the through hole aligned with the second arc-shaped groove, the second arc-shaped groove has the same curvature as the first arc-shaped groove and is vertically opposite to the first arc-shaped groove; a first exhaust channel, one port of which is a discharge port, and the other port is a first exhaust gas inlet located on the side wall of the valve body, the first exhaust channel is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole aligned with the first exhaust gas inlet to the discharge port; and a second exhaust channel, which forms an F-shape with the first exhaust channel, one port of the second exhaust channel is a discharge port, and the other port is a second exhaust gas inlet located on the side wall of the valve body, the second exhaust channel is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole aligned with the second exhaust gas inlet to the discharge port.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a third arcuate groove extends horizontally from the first exhaust gas inlet and / or the second exhaust gas inlet, and the third arcuate groove is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole aligned with the third arcuate groove to the exhaust port.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the radians of the first arcuate groove and the second arcuate groove are π / 6~5π / 6.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of adsorption towers is greater than or equal to 4.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the timing is set to the process timing of pressure swing adsorption.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the process sequence of pressure swing adsorption includes adsorption, pressure equalization, regeneration and pressurization steps in chronological order.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the valve body of the product gas valve and the valve body of the raw gas valve rotate at a uniform speed or in step rotation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention coordinates the valve body and valve sleeve structural design and flow channel layout of the rotary valve to switch the working state of the flow channel group, thereby realizing online switching of different timing processes, meeting the demand for improved process conditions due to on-site raw material fluctuations, and enhancing production flexibility. It can also promptly switch to other flow channel groups when conditions such as wear occur in the flow channel group, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0027] 2. The split design of the rotary valve and the arrangement of the flow channel group with switchable working states enable online replacement and maintenance of the valve block (and the corresponding flow channel group), ensuring the online rate of the rotary valve and improving production efficiency. It is particularly suitable for long-term projects.

[0028] 3. The pressure swing adsorption device of the present invention uses a highly integrated rotary valve design to replace the multiple programmable valve groups of conventional pressure swing adsorption, enabling a pressure swing adsorption process with an adsorption cycle of 10 seconds to 10 minutes, saving material consumption. At the same time, the pressure swing adsorption device of the present invention only has the valve body of the rotary valve as a rotating component, while the adsorption tower and other pipelines are fixed, further solving the integration problem of the device.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a pressure swing adsorption device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the flow path arrangement of the valve body of the product gas valve according to one embodiment of the present invention at the first process sequence.

[0032] Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the flow path arrangement of the valve body of the product gas valve according to one embodiment of the present invention during process sequence 2.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the flow path arrangement of the valve body of the raw gas valve at the first process sequence according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the flow path arrangement of the valve body of the raw gas valve according to one embodiment of the present invention during process sequence 2.

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of a pressure swing adsorption device according to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the pressure swing adsorption device is switched to process sequence 1, and the valve sleeve structures of the product gas valve and the raw gas valve are not shown.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of a pressure swing adsorption device according to one embodiment of the present invention, wherein the pressure swing adsorption device is switched to process sequence 2, and the valve sleeve structures of the product gas valve and the raw gas valve are not shown.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a pressure swing adsorption device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Description of main reference numerals:

[0039] 10, 20, 30, 40-adsorption tower, 11, 21, 31, 41-bottom air channel, 12, 22, 32, 42-top air channel, 50-product gas valve, 51-valve body, 511-upper valve block, 512-middle valve block, 513-lower valve block, 52-valve sleeve, 520-through hole, 521-vertical groove, 522-switching valve, 531-product gas channel, 5311-product gas port, 5312-port, 5313-first arc groove, 541, 542, 543-first pressure equalizing channel, 551, 552-first Two pressure-equalizing channels, 60-raw gas valve, 61-valve body, 62-valve sleeve, 620-through hole, 621-vertical groove, 622-switching valve, 631-raw gas channel, 6311-feed port, 6312-port, 6313-second arc-shaped groove, 641-first exhaust channel, 6411-exhaust port, 6412-first tail gas inlet, 6413-third arc-shaped groove, 642-second exhaust channel, 6422-second tail gas inlet, 70-product collection pipeline, 80-raw gas supply pipeline, 90-tail gas collection pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0041] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0042] In this document, for ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "below," "above," "above," etc. may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the object in the drawings is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "beneath" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0043] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or parts, and are not used to limit specific positions or relative relationships. In other words, in some embodiments, the terms "first", "second", etc. can also be interchangeable with each other.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the product gas valve 50 of this embodiment is a rotary valve according to the present invention, and the product gas valve 50 includes a valve body 51 and a valve sleeve 52. The valve body 51 is a cylindrical structure, and three flow channel groups are provided in the valve body 51. The ports of the three flow channel groups are provided on the surface of the valve body 51. The valve sleeve 52 is coaxially sealed and provided on the outside of the valve body 51. The valve sleeve 52 is evenly provided with a plurality of through holes 520. The inner end of each through hole 520 extends to form a vertical groove 521. The vertical groove 521 is divided into three sections along the vertical direction, corresponding to the ports of different flow channel groups. A switching valve 522 is provided at the through hole 520. The switching valve 522 connects the through hole 520 to the two sections of the vertical groove 521, thereby switching the two flow channel groups corresponding to the two sections of the connected vertical groove 521 to the working state. The valve body 51 can rotate around the axis relative to the valve sleeve 52 so that the multiple through holes 520 are combined and connected with the ports of the two flow channel groups in the working state to change the process operation mode. Each through hole 520 is connected to at most one port of the valve body 51.

[0046] The three flow channel groups of the product gas valve 50 include a normally open flow channel group and two switching flow channel groups. The normally open flow channel group includes a product gas channel 531, and the two ports of the product gas channel 531 are respectively a product gas port 5311 located at the center of the top surface of the valve body 51 and a port 5312 located on the side wall of the valve body 51, and the port 5312 extends horizontally with a first arc groove 5313. One of the switching flow channel groups includes three first equalizing pressure channels 541, 542 and 543, and the ports of the first equalizing pressure channels 541, 542 and 543 are all arranged on the side wall of the valve body 51; the other switching flow channel group includes two second equalizing pressure channels 551 and 552, and the ports of the second equalizing pressure channels 551 and 552 are all arranged on the side wall of the valve body 51. In this embodiment, the process timings corresponding to the two switching flow channel groups are different. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this.

[0047] In this embodiment, the valve body 51 is composed of an upper valve block 511, a middle valve block 512 and a lower valve block 513. The product gas channel 531 is arranged in the middle valve block 512 and passes upward through the upper valve block 511. The first equalizing pressure channels 541, 542 and 543 are arranged in the upper valve block 511, and the second equalizing pressure channels 551 and 552 are arranged in the lower valve block 513. Both the upper valve block 511 and the lower valve block 513 are removable. After the switching valve 522 is switched to the flow channel group in the middle valve block 512 and the lower valve block 513 is in working state, the upper valve block 511 can be removed; after the switching valve 522 is switched to the flow channel group in the middle valve block 512 and the lower valve block 513 is in working state, the lower valve block 513 can be removed. Regardless of whether the upper valve block 511 or the lower valve block 513 is removed, the product gas channel 531 remains stationary and can remain in working state, so there is no need to shut down.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 1 、 4 As shown in Figure 5, the raw gas valve 60 of this embodiment is a rotary valve according to the present invention, and the raw gas valve 60 includes a valve body 61 and a valve sleeve 62. The valve body 61 is a cylindrical structure, and three flow channel groups are provided in the valve body 61. The ports of the three flow channel groups are provided on the surface of the valve body 61. The valve sleeve 62 is coaxially sealed and provided on the outside of the valve body 61. The valve sleeve 62 is evenly provided with a plurality of through holes 620. The inner end of each through hole 620 extends to form a vertical groove 621. The vertical groove 621 is divided into three sections along the vertical direction, corresponding to the ports of different flow channel groups. A switching valve 622 is provided at the through hole 620. The switching valve 622 connects the through hole 620 to the two sections of the vertical groove 621, thereby switching the two flow channel groups corresponding to the two sections of the connected vertical groove 621 to the working state. The valve body 61 can rotate around the axis relative to the valve sleeve 62 so that the multiple through holes 620 are combined and connected with the ports of the two flow channel groups in the working state to change the process operation mode. Each through hole 620 is connected to at most one port of the valve body 61.

[0050] The three flow channel groups of the raw gas valve 60 include one normally open flow channel group and two switching flow channel groups. The normally open flow channel group includes a raw gas channel 631, with two ports: a feed port 6311 located at the center of the top surface of the valve body 61 and a port 6312 located on the side wall of the valve body 61. A second arcuate slot 6313 extends horizontally from port 6312. One switching flow channel group includes a first exhaust channel 641, with two ports: an exhaust port 6411 located at the center of the bottom surface of the valve body 61 and a first exhaust inlet 6412 located on the side wall of the valve body 61. A third arcuate slot 6413 extends horizontally from the first exhaust inlet 6412. The other switching flow channel group includes a second exhaust channel 642, which forms an F-shaped configuration with the first exhaust channel 641. The two ports of the second exhaust channel 642 are: an exhaust port 6411 located at the center of the bottom surface of the valve body 61 and a second exhaust inlet 6422 located on the side wall of the valve body 61. In this embodiment, the two switching flow channel groups correspond to different process timings. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment is a pressure swing adsorption device according to the present invention, comprising the product gas valve 50 of Example 1 and the feed gas valve 60 of Example 2. The valve body 51 of the product gas valve 50 and the valve body 61 of the feed gas valve 60 rotate coaxially and synchronously according to a set timing sequence. The pressure swing adsorption device of this embodiment is equipped with four adsorption towers 10, 20, 30, and 40. Accordingly, the product gas valve 50 and the feed gas valve 60 each have four through-holes. The bottom gas passages 11, 21, 31, and 41 of the adsorption towers 10, 20, 30, and 40 are respectively connected to the through-hole 620 of the feed gas valve 60, while the top gas passages 12, 22, 32, and 42 are respectively connected to the through-hole 520 of the product gas valve 50. The product gas port 5311 of the product gas valve 50 is connected to the product collection pipeline 70, the feed port 6311 of the feed gas valve 60 is connected to the feed gas supply pipeline 80, and the discharge port 6411 is connected to the tail gas collection pipeline 90. The first arc-shaped groove 5313 and the second arc-shaped groove 6313 have the same curvature and are strictly opposite to each other in vertical direction.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first and second arcuate grooves 5313 and 6313 each have an arc angle of π / 2, and the third arcuate groove 6413 has an arc angle of π / 6. The angle between the two ports of the first pressure-equalizing channel 541 of the product gas valve 50 is 180°, the angle between the two ports of the first pressure-equalizing channel 542 is 90°, the angle between the two ports of the first pressure-equalizing channel 543 is 90°, and the angle between adjacent first pressure-equalizing channels is 30°. The angle between the two ports of the second pressure-equalizing channel 551 is 180°, the angle between the two ports of the second pressure-equalizing channel 552 is 90°, and the angle between adjacent second pressure-equalizing channels is 60°.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped groove 5313 is used to guide the product gas of at least one adsorption tower to flow between the product gas port 5311 and the through hole 520 aligned with the first arc-shaped groove 5313; the first pressure equalizing channels 541, 542 and 543 are used to guide the product gas to flow between the two through holes 520 aligned with the two ports of the first pressure equalizing channels 541, 542 and 543; the second pressure equalizing channels 551 and 552 are used to guide the product gas to flow between the two through holes 520 aligned with the two ports of the second pressure equalizing channels 551 and 552.

[0055] In this embodiment, the second arcuate groove 6313 is used to guide the feed air flow into the through hole 620 aligned with the second arcuate groove 6313; the first exhaust channel 641 is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole 620 aligned with the first exhaust gas inlet 6412 to the exhaust port 6411; the second exhaust channel 642 is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole 620 aligned with the second exhaust gas inlet 6422 to the exhaust port 6411; the third arcuate groove 6413 is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole 620 aligned with the third arcuate groove 6413 to the exhaust port 6411.

[0056] The pressure swing adsorption device of this embodiment can realize two pressure swing adsorption process sequences. During operation, only the valve body 51 of the product gas valve 50 and the valve body 61 of the raw gas valve 60 rotate synchronously, and other components are fixed.

[0057] Process Timing 1

[0058] The switching valve 522 of the product gas valve 50 makes the product gas channel 531 and the first pressure equalizing channels 541, 542 and 543 in working state, and the switching valve 622 of the raw gas valve 60 makes the raw gas channel 631 and the first exhaust channel 641 in working state. Each adsorption tower undergoes the steps of adsorption, pressure equalization 1, purge regeneration, pressure equalization 2 and pressurization in one process cycle of process sequence 1. Figure 6, illustrating the working process of the pressure swing adsorption device of this embodiment using process sequence 1. The valve body 51 of the product gas valve 50 and the valve body 61 of the feed gas valve 60 rotate synchronously in the clockwise direction, with a step interval of 30 degrees.

[0059] In step one, the raw gas enters the raw gas valve 60 from the feed port 6311, and enters the bottom of the adsorption tower 10 through the second arc-shaped groove 6313 and the bottom air channel 11. After the raw gas passes through the adsorbent bed in the adsorption tower 10 from bottom to top, the impurities are adsorbed in the bed, and the purified product gas enters the through hole through the top air channel 12, and enters the product gas channel 531 of the product gas valve 50 under the guidance of the first arc-shaped groove 5313 and is discharged. The adsorption tower 10 is in the adsorption step. The top air channel 22 of the adsorption tower 20 and the top air channel 42 of the adsorption tower 40 are connected through the first pressure equalization channel 541, and the adsorption tower 20 and the adsorption tower 40 perform the pressure equalization step one. The bottom air channel 31 of the adsorption tower 30 is connected to the first exhaust channel 641, and the reverse exhaust gas in the adsorption tower 30 is discharged from top to bottom, realizing the reverse regeneration step of the adsorption tower 30.

[0060] During step 2, the adsorption tower 10 is still in the adsorption step. The top air channel 32 of the adsorption tower 30 and the top air channel 42 of the adsorption tower 40 are connected via the first pressure equalization channel 543. The bottom air channel 31 of the adsorption tower 30 is connected to the first exhaust channel 641 via the third arcuate groove 6413. The purge exhaust gas is discharged from the adsorption tower 30 from top to bottom, and the adsorption tower 40 is purging and regenerating the adsorption tower 30.

[0061] During step three, the adsorption tower 10 is still in the adsorption step. At the same time, the top airway 12 of the adsorption tower 10 is connected to the top airway 22 of the adsorption tower 20 through the first arcuate groove 5313, and the adsorption tower 10 pressurizes the adsorption tower 20. During this process, the adsorption tower 20 is pressurized to the adsorption pressure and is ready to receive the raw gas. The top pipeline 32 of the adsorption tower 30 is connected to the top pipeline 42 of the adsorption tower 40 through the first pressure equalization channel 542, and the adsorption tower 30 and the adsorption tower 40 perform the pressure equalization step 2.

[0062] In step four, the raw gas enters the raw gas valve 60 from the feed port 6311, and enters the bottom of the adsorption tower 20 through the second arc-shaped groove 6313 and the bottom air channel 21. After the raw gas passes through the adsorbent bed in the adsorption tower 20 from bottom to top, the impurities are adsorbed in the bed, and the purified product gas enters the product gas valve 50 through the first arc-shaped groove 5313 through the top air channel 22 and is discharged from the product gas channel 531. The adsorption tower 20 is in the adsorption step. The top air channel 32 of the adsorption tower 30 and the top air channel 12 of the adsorption tower 10 are connected through the first pressure equalization channel 541, and the adsorption tower 30 and the adsorption tower 10 perform a pressure equalization step. The bottom air channel 41 of the adsorption tower 40 is connected to the first exhaust channel 641, and the reverse exhaust gas in the adsorption tower 40 is discharged from top to bottom, realizing the reverse regeneration step of the adsorption tower 40.

[0063] Process sequence 2

[0064] The switching valve 522 of the product gas valve 50 makes the product gas channel 531 and the second pressure equalizing channel 551 and 552 in working state, and the switching valve 622 of the raw gas valve 60 makes the raw gas channel 631 and the second exhaust channel 651 in working state. Each adsorption tower undergoes the steps of adsorption, pressure equalizing 1, pressure equalizing 2, reverse regeneration and pressurization in one process cycle of process sequence 2. Figure 7 , illustrating the working process of the pressure swing adsorption device of this embodiment using process sequence 2. The valve body 51 of the product gas valve 50 and the valve body 61 of the feed gas valve 60 rotate synchronously in the clockwise direction, with a step interval of 30 degrees.

[0065] In step one, the raw gas enters the raw gas valve 60 from the feed port 6311, and enters the bottom of the adsorption tower 10 through the second arc-shaped groove 6313 and the bottom air channel 11. After the raw gas passes through the adsorbent bed in the adsorption tower 10 from bottom to top, the impurities are adsorbed in the bed, and the purified product gas enters the product gas valve 50 through the first arc-shaped groove 5313 and is discharged from the product gas channel 531. The adsorption tower 10 is in the adsorption step. The top air channel 22 of the adsorption tower 20 and the top air channel 42 of the adsorption tower 40 are connected through the second pressure equalization channel 551, and the adsorption tower 20 and the adsorption tower 40 perform the pressure equalization step one. The bottom air channel 31 of the adsorption tower 30 is connected to the second exhaust channel 651, and the reverse exhaust gas in the adsorption tower 30 is discharged from top to bottom, realizing the reverse regeneration step of the adsorption tower 30.

[0066] In step 2, the adsorption tower 10 is still in the adsorption step. The adsorption towers 20, 30 and 40 are all in the cut-out state and do not perform any operation.

[0067] During step three, the adsorption tower 10 is still in the adsorption step. At the same time, the top airway 12 of the adsorption tower 10 is connected to the top airway 22 of the adsorption tower 20 through the first arcuate groove 5313, and the adsorption tower 10 pressurizes the adsorption tower 20. During this process, the adsorption tower 20 is pressurized to the adsorption pressure and is ready to receive the raw gas. The top pipeline 32 of the adsorption tower 30 is connected to the top pipeline 42 of the adsorption tower 40 through the second pressure equalization channel 552, and the adsorption tower 30 and the adsorption tower 40 perform the pressure equalization step 2.

[0068] In step four, the raw gas enters the raw gas valve 60 from the feed port 6311, and enters the bottom of the adsorption tower 20 through the second arc-shaped groove 6313 and the bottom air channel 21. After the raw gas passes through the adsorbent bed in the adsorption tower 20 from bottom to top, the impurities are adsorbed in the bed, and the purified product gas enters the product gas valve 50 through the first arc-shaped groove 5313 and is discharged from the product gas channel 531. The adsorption tower 20 is in the adsorption step. The top air channel 32 of the adsorption tower 30 and the top air channel 12 of the adsorption tower 10 are connected through the second pressure equalization channel 551, and the adsorption tower 30 and the adsorption tower 10 perform a pressure equalization step. The bottom air channel 41 of the adsorption tower 40 is connected to the second exhaust channel 651, and the reverse exhaust gas in the adsorption tower 40 is discharged from top to bottom, realizing the reverse regeneration step of the adsorption tower 40.

[0069] The pressure swing adsorption device of this embodiment can switch to the appropriate process sequence based on actual project needs. This allows for online switching of process sequences based on site conditions such as raw material fluctuations, without requiring downtime, thus ensuring production flexibility. Even when the valve block of a product gas valve corresponding to a specific process sequence requires replacement or repair, this can be performed online, improving the online availability and production efficiency of the rotary valve and ensuring the continuous operation of long-term projects.

[0070] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is apparent that many changes and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments are selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and variations. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the exemplary embodiments described above are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure swing adsorption device, characterized in that: include: A raw gas valve is a rotary valve, wherein the ports of the raw gas valve include a feed port arranged at the center of the top surface and a discharge port arranged at the center of the bottom surface; the rotary valve includes: a valve body, which is a cylindrical structure, wherein three flow channel groups are arranged in the valve body, and the ports of the three flow channel groups are arranged on the surface of the valve body; the three flow channel groups include a normally open flow channel group and two switching flow channel groups; the valve body is composed of at least two valve blocks, the at least two valve blocks are detachably connected, and the two switching flow channel groups are arranged in different valve blocks; and a valve sleeve, wherein a coaxial sealing sleeve is arranged on the valve body The valve sleeve is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes, the inner end of each through hole extending to form a vertical slot, the vertical slot being divided into three sections along the vertical direction corresponding to ports of different flow channel groups respectively, and a switching valve is provided at the through hole, the switching valve enables the through hole to connect the two sections of the vertical slot, thereby switching the corresponding two flow channel groups to a working state; the valve body rotates relative to the valve sleeve around the axis so that the plurality of through holes are connected to the ports of the two flow channel groups in the working state in combination, thereby changing the process operation mode, and each through hole is connected to at most one port of the valve body; The product gas valve is a rotary valve as described above, wherein the port of the product gas valve includes a product gas port arranged at the center of the top surface, and the valve body of the product gas valve and the valve body of the raw gas valve rotate coaxially and synchronously according to a set timing; the three flow channel groups of the product gas valve respectively include: a product gas channel, one port of which is the product gas port, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and horizontally extends with a first arc-shaped groove, the first arc-shaped groove is used to guide the product gas of at least one adsorption tower to flow between the product gas port and the through hole aligned with the first arc-shaped groove; a first pressure equalizing channel, both ports of which are arranged on the side wall of the valve body, and the first pressure equalizing channel is used to guide the product gas to flow between two through holes aligned with the two ports of the first pressure equalizing channel; a second pressure equalizing channel, both ports of which are arranged on the side wall of the valve body, and the second pressure equalizing channel is used to guide the product gas to flow between two through holes aligned with the two ports of the second pressure equalizing channel; Multiple adsorption towers, the bottom air channels of which are respectively connected to the through holes of the raw material gas valve, and the top air channels of which are respectively connected to the through holes of the product gas valve.

2. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process timings corresponding to the two switching flow channel groups are the same or different.

3. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One port of the normally open flow channel group is located at the center of the top surface of the valve body, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and has an arc-shaped groove extending horizontally.

4. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first pressure equalizing channels is 2 to 10, and the angle between adjacent first pressure equalizing channels is 10° to 45°; the number of the second pressure equalizing channels is 2 to 10, and the angle between adjacent second pressure equalizing channels is 10° to 45°; the arrangement of the first pressure equalizing channels is the same as or different from the arrangement of the second pressure equalizing channels.

5. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body of the product gas valve is composed of an upper valve block, a middle valve block and a lower valve block. The product gas channel is arranged in the middle valve block and passes through the upper valve block. The first pressure equalizing channel and the second pressure equalizing channel are respectively arranged in the upper valve block and the lower valve block. The upper valve block and the lower valve block are detachably connected to the middle valve block.

6. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three flow channel groups of the raw gas valve respectively include: A raw gas channel, one port of which is the feed port, and the other port is located on the side wall of the valve body and has a second arc-shaped groove extending horizontally, the second arc-shaped groove is used to guide the feed gas flow into the through hole aligned with the second arc-shaped groove, the second arc-shaped groove has the same curvature as the first arc-shaped groove and is vertically opposite to each other; a first exhaust passage, one port of which is the exhaust port and the other port of which is a first exhaust gas inlet located on the side wall of the valve body, the first exhaust passage being used to guide exhaust gas from a through hole aligned with the first exhaust gas inlet to the exhaust port; and A second exhaust channel forms an F shape with the first exhaust channel, one port of the second exhaust channel is the exhaust port, and the other port is a second exhaust gas inlet located on the side wall of the valve body, and the second exhaust channel is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole aligned with the second exhaust gas inlet to the exhaust port.

7. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third arc-shaped groove extends horizontally from the first exhaust gas inlet and / or the second exhaust gas inlet. The third arc-shaped groove is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through hole aligned with the third arc-shaped groove to the exhaust port.

8. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radians of the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove are π / 6 to 5π / 6.

9. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the adsorption towers is greater than or equal to 4.

10. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The set timing is the process timing of pressure swing adsorption.

11. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The process sequence of the pressure swing adsorption includes adsorption, pressure equalization, regeneration and pressurization steps in chronological order.

12. The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body of the product gas valve and the valve body of the raw gas valve rotate at a uniform speed or in stepwise rotation.

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