A rubber spring and a wheel set lifting device

Abstract

The present application provides a rubber spring and two types of axle suspension devices using such a rubber spring. Its main structure includes: a laminated spring body with a cavity inside; a base for fixing the bottom or outer ring of the laminated spring body; a positioning pin member fixed to the top or inner ring of the laminated spring body and connected to the vehicle frame or the locomotive axle; and a limiting member disposed in the internal space of the laminated spring body and mounted on the base, which is used to limit the deformation of the rubber spring when the rubber spring bears a load. When used upright, the positioning pin member is used to connect the primary positioning seat of the frame above it, and when used upside down, the positioning pin member is used to connect the axle box of the locomotive axle below it. This rubber spring integrates the axle suspension function into its own structure, making full use of space and having a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of railway vehicle engineering, and in particular, to a rubber spring and a wheel set lifting device applying such a rubber spring. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transit technology and the rubber industry, since rubber springs can achieve good elasticity in a limited space, the application problems of rubber elastic elements in railway vehicles have been successively solved. At present, rubber springs are widely used in rail transit vehicles.

[0003] When rubber springs are applied to rail vehicles to replace steel springs as the primary suspension springs of the bogie, they can alleviate the impact and vibration transmitted by the wheel set. To meet the vehicle lifting requirements, a wheel set lifting device needs to be added to the accessories of the primary rubber spring to achieve the lifting of the wheel set. However, often using rubber springs as the primary springs aims at a simple primary structure, but an additional wheel set lifting device is still required to meet the wheel set lifting function, which goes against the original goal. Especially in the inboard axle box bogie, due to its very small lateral span, adding components such as wheel set lifting devices makes the structure very complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a rubber spring integrating the wheel set lifting function into the spring structure and a wheel set lifting device applying such a rubber spring, so as to solve the technical problems of the traditional bogie structure, such as complex overall structure, many components, large size, and waste of space caused by the need to additionally add a wheel set lifting structure.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a rubber spring that can be used in the normal position is provided. Its main structure includes: a laminated spring body with a cavity inside; a base for fixing the bottom or outer ring of the laminated spring body; a positioning pin member fixed to the top or inner ring of the laminated spring body and connected to the vehicle frame or the axle box of the locomotive wheel set; a limiting member disposed in the internal space of the laminated spring body and mounted on the base, which is used to limit the deformation of the rubber spring when the rubber spring bears a load. When used in the normal position, the positioning pin member is used to connect the primary positioning seat of the frame above it. When used in the inverted position, the positioning pin member is used to connect the axle box of the locomotive wheel set below it.

[0006] Preferably, the laminated spring body is a conical metal rubber layer, the cross section of the base is in the shape of the Chinese character "凵" ​​(pronounced "kan", third tone), the outer ring of the conical metal rubber layer is connected to the vertical side of the base, and the innermost ring of the conical metal rubber layer is connected to the positioning pin component. The conical metal rubber layer can be a frustum with a trapezoidal cross section or a conical shape. In terms of industrial application, a conical metal rubber layer is preferred, which is formed by stacking multiple layers of metal plates and rubber located between the metal plates. The innermost ring of the hollow rubber of the traditional metal rubber layer is usually fixed on a conical metal core. In the present invention, this metal core is designed as a positioning pin component.

[0007] Preferably, the locating pin component includes a locating pin seat and a locating pin, the locating pin seat is a hollow conical structure, and the setting direction of its conical cross section is opposite to the setting direction of the conical cross section of the above-mentioned conical metal rubber layer, that is, if the conical metal rubber layer is upright (the small end is on top and the large end is on the bottom), the cone of the locating pin is inverted, and vice versa, the outer wall of the locating pin seat is fixedly connected to the innermost rubber ring of the conical metal rubber layer, the middle part of the inner wall of the locating pin seat has an inner boss of a table-like structure protruding inward, and the conical bottom of the locating pin seat is fixedly connected to the locating pin.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting member includes a limiting stopper of an inverted "T"-shaped structure, the large end of the limiting stopper is connected to the base, the small end of the limiting stopper is located in the space between the conical top of the locating pin seat and the inner boss inside the locating pin seat, and the diameter or length of the small end of the limiting stopper is greater than the diameter or width of the gap between the top ends of the inner bosses.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting member further comprises a "T"-shaped lifting member, the diameter or length of the large end of the lifting member is larger than the diameter or width of the gap between the top ends of the inner bosses, the diameter or length of the small end of the lifting member is smaller than the diameter or width of the gap between the top ends of the inner bosses, the large end of the lifting member is located in the space between the conical bottom of the positioning pin seat and the inner boss inside the positioning pin seat, the small end of the lifting member passes through the gap between the top ends of the inner bosses inside the positioning pin and is connected to the limiting stop. The lifting member can be a lifting bolt, a T-bolt, a T-block or other member.

[0010] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on the bottom outer wall of the base, and the size of the junction between the protrusion and the bottom outer wall of the base is smaller than the size of the top of the protrusion. The cross section of the protrusion can be an inverted "T" shape or a trapezoid.

[0011] The wheel set lifting device applying the above rubber spring includes an axle box, the above rubber spring, a frame primary positioning seat, and a positioning block. Among them, the rubber spring is arranged upright, and its positioning pin is connected to the lower part of the frame primary positioning seat through a bolt structure. A groove matching the outer wall size of the convex block on the rubber spring base is provided on the upper cover of the axle box. The rubber spring is connected to the axle box by matching the convex block on its base with the groove on the upper cover of the axle box. A positioning block is provided at the opening of the groove to limit the relative sliding between the rubber spring and the upper cover of the axle box.

[0012] Preferably, a cushion plate is provided between the top end of the rubber spring and the frame primary positioning seat.

[0013] Preferably, the wheel set lifting device further includes a primary vertical shock absorber, and the primary vertical shock absorber is connected to the frame primary positioning seat.

[0014] According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, an inverted rubber spring is provided. In its main structure, the difference from the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application is that there is no lifting structure. At the same time, in application, the positioning pin member is used to connect the axle box of the locomotive wheel set below it, and the connection with the upper frame primary positioning seat is to connect the base to the frame primary positioning seat through a bolt structure.

[0015] Due to the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present application, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0016] 1. The present invention simplifies the structure of the primary suspension of the bogie, solves the suspension connection method of the bogie in the upright installation state of the conical rubber spring, integrates the wheel set lifting structure into the conical rubber spring, does not require an additional installation position for the wheel set lifting device on the bogie frame, reduces the overall size of the bogie, and reduces the weight of the bogie.

[0017] 2. Traditional upright conical rubber springs often position the frame primary positioning seat through the positioning pin structure on the positioning pin seat. In order to adjust the height of the bogie, gaskets are usually added between the conical rubber spring and the positioning seat. Since the vertical stiffness of the conical rubber spring is greater than that of the steel spring, especially in the primary suspension of the high-speed inner axle box bogie, high-frequency vibration makes the gap between the positioning pin seat of the conical rubber spring and the frame primary positioning seat prone to looseness, and the added gaskets often get lost. In the present invention, the primary positioning seat is connected through the thread on the positioning pin, ensuring that the gaskets will not get lost under any vibration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a sectional view of an upright rubber spring;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel set lifting device applying an upright rubber spring;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the A-A sectional view in

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 1 - metal rubber layer, 2 - base, 21 - convex block, 3 - locating pin seat, 4 - locating pin, 5 - limit stop, 6 - lifting bolt, 61 - nut, 62 - screw rod, 7 - frame primary positioning seat, 8 - backing plate, 9 - axle box, 91 - positioning block, 10 - primary vertical shock absorber Specific implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following further elaborates on the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the rubber spring includes a conical metal rubber layer 1 with a cavity inside, a bucket-shaped base 2 with a "U"-shaped cross-section, a locating pin member and a limiting member. The locating pin member includes a locating pin seat 3 and a locating pin 4, and the limiting member includes a columnar limiting stop 5 with a "T"-shaped structure in the longitudinal section and a lifting bolt 6. The locating pin seat 3 is an inverted conical structure with a hollow inside. The middle part of the inner wall of the locating pin seat 3 protrudes inward to form an inner convex platform in a platform shape, and this inner convex platform can be a whole annular inner convex platform or a partial structure of the annular inner convex platform. The locating pin 4 is also a "T"-shaped structure, and thread structures are provided at both the large end (the head of its "T"-shaped structure) and the small end (the tail of its "T"-shaped structure). The outer diameter of the nut 61 in the lifting bolt 6 is greater than the diameter of the gap between the tops of the inner convex platforms, and the diameter of the screw rod 62 in the lifting bolt 6 is less than the diameter of the gap between the tops of the inner convex platforms. A strip-shaped convex block 21 is provided in the middle of the outer side of the bottom surface of the base 2. The dimension of the connection between the convex block 21 and the outer wall of the bottom of the base 2 is smaller than the dimension of the top of the convex block. In this specific embodiment, the cross-section of the convex block 21 is trapezoidal.

[0027] The outer ring of the conical metal rubber layer 1 is connected to the vertical side of the base 2 (or the vertical side wall of the base can directly serve as its outer ring metal plate). The innermost rubber of the conical metal rubber layer 1 is connected to the outer wall of the positioning pin seat 3. The limit stop 5 is arranged at the center position inside the cavity formed by the conical rubber layer spring and the inner wall of the bottom edge of the base 2. The large end of the limit stop 5 (the head of its T-shaped structure) is connected to the inner bottom surface of the base 2. The small end of the limit stop 5 (the tail of its T-shaped structure) is located in the space between the apex of the positioning pin seat 3 and the inner convex platform inside it. The diameter of the small end of the limit stop 5 is larger than the diameter of the gap between the tops of the inner convex platforms. The nut 61 of the lifting bolt 6 is located in the space between the bottom of the cone of the positioning pin seat 3 and the inner convex platform inside it. The screw rod 62 passes through the gap between the tops of the inner convex platforms inside the positioning pin and is connected to the limit stop 5. The nut 61 is connected to the screw rod 62 through a threaded structure. The large end of the positioning pin 4 is connected to the bottom of the cone of the positioning pin seat 3.

[0028] To ensure the lifting function of the conical rubber spring, special attention needs to be paid to the clearance requirements between the lifting bolt component and the positioning pin seat and the limit stop, so as to ensure that the lifting bolt does not come into contact with the positioning pin seat 3 when the lifting bolt is not in the lifting state; and to ensure that during the process of the metal rubber layer of the conical rubber spring deforming due to force and driving the positioning pin seat 3 to move, the limit stop 5 can contact the inner convex platform of the positioning pin seat, and the lifting bolt cannot contact the inner convex platform of the positioning pin seat. The specific requirements are as follows:

[0029] 1) The lateral clearance L1 between the inner wall of the positioning pin seat 3 and the limit stop 5 must be less than the clearance L2 between the positioning pin seat 3 and the screw rod 62 of the lifting bolt;

[0030] 2) The difference between the inner diameter ΦL4 of the inner cavity of the positioning pin seat 3 and the diameter ΦL3 of the nut 61 of the lifting bolt must be greater than twice the lateral clearance L1 between the inner wall of the positioning pin seat 3 and the limit stop 5 under normal circumstances,

[0031] (ΦL4 - ΦL3) > 2L1;

[0032] 3) The height of the conical rubber spring in the free state (i.e., the state without external force before installation) is H0, the height of the conical rubber spring under the prepared working condition (i.e., the conical rubber spring is in a stretched state after installation) is H, and the height of the supporting end face of the lifting bolt head and the positioning pin seat under the prepared working condition is H1. It is required that H1 > H - H0.

[0033] The application of this specific embodiment in the wheel set lifting device is as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, multiple rubber springs are arranged in the positive direction, and a backing plate 8 is provided between their tops and the first-stage positioning seat 7 of the frame. The small end of the rubber spring positioning pin 4 sequentially passes through the backing plate 8 and the through hole on the first-stage positioning seat 7 of the frame from bottom to top, and is fixed with a bolt at the part that passes through. A groove matching the outer wall size of the convex block 21 on the rubber spring base is provided on the upper surface of the upper cover of the axle box 9. The rubber spring is connected to the axle box 9 through the cooperation of the convex block 21 and the groove, and a positioning stop block 91 is provided at the opening of the groove to limit the relative sliding between the rubber spring and the upper cover of the axle box. A first-stage vertical shock absorber 10 is provided between one side of the axle box 9 and the first-stage positioning seat 7 of the frame.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] In the main structure of the rubber spring of Embodiment 2, the difference from the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application is that there is no lifting structure. At the same time, in the application, the positioning pin 4 in the positioning pin member is connected to the axle box 9 of the locomotive wheel set below it through a bolt structure, and its connection to the first-stage positioning seat 7 of the upper frame is through a bolt structure to connect the base to the first-stage positioning seat 7 of the frame.

[0036] In the description of the present application and its embodiments, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "top", "bottom", "height", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0037] In the present application and its embodiments, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In this application and its embodiments, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher level height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower level height than the second feature.

[0039] The foregoing disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. To simplify the disclosure of the present application, components and settings of specific examples are described above. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. In addition, the present application may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0040] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A rubber spring, characterized in that, Comprising: A laminated spring body with a cavity inside; A base for fixing the bottom or outer ring of the laminated spring body; A positioning pin member fixed to the top or inner ring of the laminated spring body and connected to the vehicle frame or the locomotive wheel set; A limiting member arranged in the internal space of the laminated spring body and mounted on the base, which is used to limit the deformation of the rubber spring when the rubber spring bears a load; The laminated spring body is a conical metal rubber layer, the cross-section of the base is in a "U" shape, the outer ring of the conical metal rubber layer is connected to the vertical side of the base, and the innermost rubber of the conical metal rubber layer is connected to the positioning pin member; The positioning pin member includes a positioning pin seat and a positioning pin. The positioning pin seat is a hollow conical structure, and its setting direction is opposite to that of the conical metal rubber layer. The outer wall of the positioning pin seat is fixedly connected to the innermost rubber of the conical metal rubber layer. A convex inner platform in the shape of a table is protruded towards the inside in the middle of the inner wall of the positioning pin seat. The conical bottom of the positioning pin seat is fixedly connected to the positioning pin; The limiting member includes a limiting block in an inverted "T" shape. The large end of the limiting block is connected to the base, and the small end of the limiting block is located in the space between the conical top of the positioning pin seat and the inner platform inside the positioning pin seat. The diameter or length of the small end of the limiting block is greater than the diameter or width of the gap between the tops of the inner platforms; The limiting member further includes a lifting member in a "T" shape. The diameter or length of the large end of the lifting member is greater than the diameter or width of the gap between the tops of the inner platforms. The diameter or length of the small end of the lifting member is less than the diameter or width of the gap between the tops of the inner platforms. The large end of the lifting member is located in the space between the conical bottom of the positioning pin seat and the inner platform inside the positioning pin seat. The small end of the lifting member passes through the gap between the tops of the inner platforms inside the positioning pin and is connected to the limiting block; 2. The rubber spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, A convex block is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the base, and the size of the joint between the convex block and the outer wall of the bottom of the base is smaller than the size of the top of the convex block; 3. The rubber spring according to claim 2, wherein The cross-section of the convex block is in an inverted "T" shape or a trapezoid; 4. A wheel set lifting device, characterized in that, The wheel set lifting device includes an axle box, the rubber spring according to claim 2 or 3, a frame primary positioning seat, and a positioning stop block. Among them, the rubber spring is arranged forward, and its positioning pin is connected below the frame primary positioning seat through a bolt structure. A groove matching the outer wall size of the convex block on the rubber spring base is provided on the upper cover of the axle box. The rubber spring is connected to the axle box through the convex block on its base matching the groove on the upper cover of the axle box. A positioning stop block is provided at the opening of the groove to limit the relative sliding between the rubber spring and the upper cover of the axle box; 5. The wheel set lifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cushion plate is provided between the top of the rubber spring and the frame primary positioning seat; 6. The wheel set lifting device according to claim 5, wherein: The wheel set lifting device further includes a primary vertical shock absorber, and the primary vertical shock absorber is connected to the frame primary positioning seat.

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