Method of manufacturing a battery cell, deep-drawing tool, housing component and battery cell

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a battery cell (1) comprising at least a housing (2) and at least one stack (3) of plate-like electrodes (4) arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein at least one housing part (5) of the housing (2) is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material (6) and wherein the stack (3) has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry. Furthermore, a deep-drawing tool (8) for deforming a film material (6) into a housing part (5) of a battery cell (1), a housing part (5) of a housing (2) of a battery cell (1) and a battery cell (1) are suggested.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing a battery cell, a deep-drawing tool for deforming a film material into a housing component for a battery cell, in particular a battery cell produced by the method, a housing component of a housing of a battery cell, in particular a battery cell produced by the method and / or by the deep-drawing tool, and a battery cell, in particular produced by the method and / or by the deep-drawing tool and / or having the housing component. BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery cell comprises a hermetically designed housing and at least one stack of plate-shaped electrodes arranged in the housing. The housing is at least partially produced from an elastically deformable film material.

[0003] The battery cell is an electrical accumulator, for example for storing electrical energy in a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle has, for example, in particular an electric machine for driving the motor vehicle, wherein the electric machine can be driven by electrical energy stored in the battery cell. In the battery cell, plate-shaped electrodes, i.e. anodes and cathodes, are arranged stacked on one another, wherein the different plate-shaped electrodes are arranged separated from one another by a separating film or a separating material. The plate-shaped electrodes are arranged in an electrolyte. Battery cells are known, for example, with a liquid or solid electrolyte (solid-state battery).

[0004] The battery module comprises, in particular, a plurality of battery cells, which are electrically connected in series or in parallel to one another and arranged in a module housing. Individual battery modules can also be electrically connected in series or in parallel to one another. The battery comprises one battery module or a plurality of battery modules.

[0005] The battery cell can be designed as a so-called soft-pack battery cell (or pouch battery cell). The soft-pack battery cell comprises a composite material, referred to as a soft-pack film, as a film material for the housing. The composite material is a composite material, in particular comprising aluminum and plastic. The housing can be composed of a plurality of film materials, which are arranged stacked on one another and constitute a housing component surrounding the stack and an edge region projecting radially outward from the housing component. The housing can also be composed of a single film material, wherein the housing is composed by folding of the film material. In this case, no sealing seam for sealing the edge region is required at least on the side of the cell housing. In the (remaining) edge region, the film materials arranged on one another are connected to one another in particular gas-tight by a sealing seam. The discharge device for electrically contacting the plate-shaped electrodes with a current circuit arranged outside the battery cell extends outward through the housing in particular via the sealing seam.

[0006] The film material is usually deformed by a deep-drawing tool, thereby producing a negative form of at least one part of the stack in the film material. The stack is arranged in the deformed film material and encloses the housing.

[0007] In the deep-drawing of a film material designed as a pouch, an outward arching structure is produced in the cover surface due to the elasticity of the film material. This arching structure is produced, inter alia, due to different E-moduli of the different layers of the pouch. When the pouch is further processed in the monomer production, a crease is produced in the finished battery cell at the housing, since the arching structure in the pouch produces excess material. The required geometry and tolerances of the battery cell or the housing cannot thereby be maintained.

[0008] Attempts have been made hitherto to avoid this arching structure by adapting the profile radii of the deep-drawing tool, by changing the friction coefficient when deep-drawing, by working with heat when deep-drawing, by pre-forming or by dividing the deep-drawing into different deep-drawing stages. For a stack in the form of a straight hexahedron, all these known proposals are based on the rectangular maximum sides of the negative form of the deep-drawing tool.

[0009] A battery cell having a housing composed of a pouch is known from patent document US 2020 / 0185668 A1. For the housing, only one piece of deformed and folded film material is provided.

[0010] A battery cell having a housing composed of a pouch is known from patent document US 2015 / 0207114 A1. The mutually opposite maximum sides of the housing are connected to one another by recesses in the surface in order thereby to improve the stability of the housing.

[0011] A method for producing a battery cell having a pouch housing is known from patent document US 10,707,453 B2. After the housing has been closed, the battery cell is arranged in a vacuum chamber. The expanded housing is pulled apart at the narrow housing sides, so that the housing lies without creases on the stack of plate-shaped electrodes on the maximum housing sides. SUMMARY

[0012] The technical problem addressed by the present application is to at least partially solve the problems mentioned with regard to the prior art. In particular, a method for producing a battery cell should be proposed by means of which an arching structure can be prevented in the film material and thereby a crease in the finished housing. Correspondingly, a deep-drawing tool for deforming a film material into a housing part for a battery cell, a housing part of a housing of a battery cell and a battery cell should be proposed.

[0013] The technical problem is solved in that:

[0014] A method for manufacturing a battery cell, the battery cell comprising at least a housing and at least one stack of plate-like electrodes arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein at least one housing part of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material, and wherein the stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry; wherein the method has at least the following steps:

[0015] a) providing the film material;

[0016] b) providing a deep-drawing tool for deforming the film material to constitute at least one housing part, wherein the stack is provided for being arranged in the housing part, and wherein the deep-drawing tool has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to the geometry of the stack;

[0017] c) deep-drawing the housing part and constituting a negative shape of the stack in the film material, wherein the negative shape comprises the shape deviation;

[0018] d) arranging the stack in the housing part and deforming the shape deviation of the housing part by extrusion by the stack; wherein by extrusion of the shape deviation a tensile stress is exerted on a region of the housing part arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation.

[0019] e) closing the housing and constituting a battery cell.

[0020] A deep-drawing tool for deforming a film material to a housing part for a battery cell, wherein the battery cell comprises at least a housing and at least one stack of plate-like electrodes arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein at least one housing part of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material, and wherein the stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry and is provided for being arranged in the housing part; wherein the deep-drawing tool has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to the geometry of the stack, so that a negative shape of the stack comprising the shape deviation can be manufactured in the film material when deep-drawing the housing part by the deep-drawing tool; wherein by arranging the stack in the housing part the shape deviation can be extruded by the stack, so that by the extrusion a tensile stress can be exerted on a region of the housing part arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation.

[0021] A housing component of a housing of a battery cell, wherein the battery cell comprises at least one housing and at least one stack of plate-like electrodes arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein at least one housing component of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material, and wherein the stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry and is provided for being arranged in the housing component; wherein the housing component has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to the geometry of the stack, so that by arranging the stack in the housing component the shape deviation can be pressed by the stack, so that by the pressing a tensile stress can be applied to regions of the housing component arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation.

[0022] A battery cell comprising at least a housing and at least one stack of plate-like electrodes arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein at least one housing component of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material, and wherein the stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry; wherein the housing component has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to the geometry of the stack before arranging the stack into the housing component, so that by arranging the stack in the housing component the shape deviation can be at least partially pressed by the stack and regions of the housing component arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation can be subjected to a tensile stress by the pressing.

[0023] Features mentioned in the description individually can be combined with each other in a technically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts in the description and / or by details in the figures, wherein further embodiments of the application are shown, namely:

[0024] The part of the stack represented by the negative form has a shape of a straight hexahedron with one largest side and four smaller peripheral sides, wherein the shape deviation is created on at least one of the peripheral sides;

[0025] The shape deviation is formed on two mutually opposite peripheral sides;

[0026] The shape deviation is formed on each peripheral side;

[0027] The shape deviation comprises a convex bulge of at least one peripheral side on the negative form, viewed from the stack;

[0028] In step d) the housing component is deformed towards the hexahedron geometry of the stack by arranging the stack and thereby the film material is tensioned by a tensile stress in the region of the largest side.

[0029] A method for producing a battery cell is proposed. The battery cell comprises at least one housing and at least one stack of plate-shaped electrodes arranged in said housing, which stack is composed of plate-shaped electrodes arranged on top of one another. At least one housing component of the housing or the entire housing is produced from a film material which can be elastically deformed, if necessary exclusively from a film material which can be elastically deformed. The stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry.

[0030] The method has at least the following steps:

[0031] a) providing a film material;

[0032] b) providing a deep-drawing tool for deforming the film material to form at least one housing component, wherein

[0033] the stack is intended to be arranged in the housing component, and wherein the deep-drawing tool has a shape deviation which is predetermined with respect to the geometry of the stack;

[0034] c) deep-drawing the housing component and (here) forming a negative shape of the stack in the film material, wherein the negative shape comprises the shape deviation;

[0035] d) arranging the stack in the housing component and (subsequently) deforming the shape deviation of the housing component by extrusion by the stack; wherein the shape deviation is subjected to tensile stress on regions of the housing component which are arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation by the extrusion.

[0036] e) closing the housing and forming the battery cell.

[0037] The (non-exhaustive) division of the method steps a) to e) above is intended to serve primarily only for differentiation, not to impose an order and / or a hierarchy. The frequency of the method steps can also vary. It is equally possible for the method steps to at least partially overlap in time. Steps a) to e) are in particular carried out in the order cited.

[0038] In the battery cell, in particular the plate-shaped electrodes, i.e. the anode and the cathode, are arranged on top of one another, wherein the different plate-shaped electrodes are arranged spaced apart from one another by a separating film or a separating material. The plate-shaped electrodes are arranged in an electrolyte. Battery cells are known, for example, with a liquid or solid electrolyte (solid-state battery). The battery cell is in particular a lithium-ion battery cell. The electrical contacting of the battery cell is in particular achieved by a discharge, which electrically conductively contacts the plate-shaped electrodes within the battery cell and extends outwardly through the housing, in particular through an edge region, which is formed in step e) by the housing components arranged on top of one another.

[0039] The housing is composed, in particular, of a plurality of housing parts, in particular two housing parts. At least one of the housing parts, if necessary two or all of the housing parts, is composed of a film material.

[0040] The housing is composed, in particular, only of a film material which is designed in one piece and which is composed of the housing by folding. The housing has, due to the folding, on the circumferential faces of the housing, edge regions composed of the continuous film material which do not require further sealing measures. The edge regions composed of the film material which are arranged on three circumferential faces in a housing which is (substantially) cuboid-shaped with two mutually opposite largest side faces and four smaller circumferential faces, in particular, are closed airtight by a sealing joint.

[0041] The film material is, in particular, a soft pouch, preferably a preferably multilayer composite material which is designed as a composite material, in particular comprising aluminum and plastic.

[0042] The provision of the film material is carried out, in particular, in accordance with step a). The film material is, in particular, designed flat and does not have deformations, in particular, with respect to the flat extension.

[0043] The deep-drawing tool for deforming the film material to compose at least one housing part is provided in accordance with step b). The deep-drawing tool comprises, in particular, a punch which cooperates with a recessed die to compose the housing part, in particular, by at least partial plastic deformation of the film material.

[0044] The stack is provided for arranging in the housing part composed of the deformed film material. The housing part is, in particular, provided for this purpose. The stack thus has a known geometry, for example a geometry which is straight hexahedron-shaped, disregarding the discharge vessel. The shape of the deep-drawing tool is thus pre-set. The deep-drawing tool has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to this geometry of the stack. The deep-drawing tool does not have, precisely, a shaping which corresponds to the shape of the stack and which is suitable for accommodating the stack or a negative of the stack or of a part of the stack, but rather a shape deviation therefrom.

[0045] The deep-drawing of the housing part and, preferably, the simultaneous composition of the negative of the stack or of a part of the stack in the film material by the deep-drawing tool is carried out in accordance with step c), wherein the negative comprises the shape deviation. It is now possible to see or determine on the deformed film material that the negative produced by the deep-drawing deviates from the geometry of the stack which is provided for arranging in the housing part.

[0046] The stack is arranged in the housing part produced by deep-drawing the film material in accordance with step d) and, preferably, the shape deviation of the housing part is deformed by the stack by pressing, following this. By the pressing of the shape deviation, tensile stresses are exerted or produced on the regions of the housing part which are arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation.

[0047] Therefore, there is a spatial overlap between the geometry of the stack and the negative structure punched in the housing part. This overlap is eliminated by arranging the stack in the housing part. Here the film material is pressed by the stack so that it substantially has the geometry of the stack after arranging the stack.

[0048] The deformation of the film material due to the arrangement of the stack causes a tensile stress to be exerted at least on the region of the housing part which is arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation. The shape deviation is provided, for example, on the first side of the housing part, wherein a tensile stress is generated on the side arranged adjacent to the first side by pressing the shape deviation.

[0049] The housing is closed according to the arrangement e) (if appropriate not immediately, but staggered in time) and the battery cell is constituted.

[0050] The tensile stress generated in at least one region of the housing part can prevent the film material from forming an arch structure. It is thereby ensured that the film material is as closely as possible adhered to the geometry of the stack. It is thereby possible to effectively prevent the generation of wrinkles in the housing part when the housing is closed and when the battery cell is constituted.

[0051] The portion of the stack which is presented by the negative structure has, in particular, a shape of a straight hexahedron with one largest side and four smaller peripheral sides, wherein the shape deviation is generated on at least one of the peripheral sides. The negative structure is provided, in particular, for the geometry of the stack which is in particular a straight hexahedron without taking into account the discharge device, the stack having two largest sides and four smaller peripheral sides. The recess-like negative structure which corresponds to this geometry accordingly has only one of the largest sides and the peripheral sides or a partial region of the peripheral sides of the geometry of the stack.

[0052] The shape deviation is generated, in particular, at least on at least two mutually opposite peripheral sides. The shape deviation is generated, in particular, at least on each peripheral side. The shape deviation is generated, in particular, identically on two mutually opposite peripheral sides. The shape deviation is designed differently, in particular, on the other two peripheral sides.

[0053] The shape deviation on the negative structure, when viewed from the stack, in particular comprises at least one convex protrusion of the circumferential surface. The protrusion in particular comprises the arched structure of the circumferential surface, which is designed flat in addition to the arched structure. The arched structure is particularly oriented toward the stack, i.e., is designed convexly when viewed from the stack. The protrusion in particular forms a spatial overlap between the geometry of the stack and the negative structure stamped into the housing component. Arranging the stack in the housing component at least partially eliminates the protrusion. In this case, the film material is pressed outward, i.e., away from the stack, by the stack, so that after the film material is arranged, the film material essentially adopts the geometry of the stack, i.e., has a flat circumferential surface.

[0054] In particular, in step d), the arrangement of the stack deforms the housing part into the right hexahedral geometry of the stack and thereby tensions the film material in the region of the largest side surfaces by tensile stress.

[0055] Furthermore, a deep-drawing tool for deforming a film material into a housing part for a battery cell is proposed. The deep-drawing tool is particularly designed to be suitable for use in the method or when performing the method. The battery cell comprises at least one housing and at least one stack of plate-shaped electrodes arranged one on top of the other, arranged in the housing. At least one housing part of the housing is made of an elastically deformable film material. The stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometric shape and is provided for arrangement in the housing part. The deep-drawing tool has a predetermined shape deviation relative to the geometry of the stack, so that when the housing part is deep-drawn by the deep-drawing tool, a negative structure of the stack can be produced in the film material, the negative structure including the shape deviation. By arranging the stack in the housing part, the shape deviation in the housing part is squeezed or can be squeezed by the stack. By the squeezing, a tensile stress is applied or can be applied to a region of the housing part that is arranged at a distance from the shape deviation.

[0056] Furthermore, a shell component of a battery cell housing is proposed. The shell component is manufactured in particular by the method and / or using the deep-drawing tool. The battery cell comprises at least one housing and at least one stack of plate-shaped electrodes arranged one on top of the other, arranged in the housing. At least one housing component of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material. The stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometric shape and is configured for arrangement in the housing component. The housing component has a predetermined shape deviation relative to the geometry of the stack, so that the shape deviation is or can be squeezed by the stack by arranging the stack in the housing component. By the squeezing, a tensile stress is applied or can be applied to an area of ​​the housing component that is arranged at a distance from the shape deviation.

[0057] Furthermore, a battery cell is proposed. The battery cell is manufactured, in particular, by the method and / or with the use of the deep-drawing tool and / or has the housing part. The battery cell comprises at least one housing and at least one stack of plate-shaped electrodes arranged in the housing, which are arranged on top of one another. At least one housing part of the housing is manufactured from an elastically deformable film material. The stack has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry. The housing part has a predetermined shape deviation with respect to the geometry of the stack before the stack is arranged in the housing part, so that the stack at least partially presses the shape deviation by being arranged in the housing part and so that the region of the housing part, which is arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation, is subjected to tensile stress by the pressing.

[0058] The battery cell is installed, in particular, in or used in a motor vehicle in order to provide, in particular, electrical energy for a traction drive.

[0059] The design proposals with respect to the method can be transferred, in particular, to the deep-drawing tool, the housing part, the battery cell and the motor vehicle and vice versa.

[0060] The indefinite article ("a", "an") used in the present description should be understood as not necessarily having a quantifying reference. Therefore, the terms or parts denoted by the indefinite article accordingly should be understood such that these parts occur at least once and can occur, in particular, also multiple times.

[0061] It should be noted that the numerals used here ("first", "second", etc.) serve primarily (only) to distinguish a plurality of objects, dimensions or processes of the same kind, so that, in particular, no prescription of a correlation and / or an order of these objects, dimensions or processes to one another is intended. If a correlation and / or an order is intended, this is explicitly stated here or is apparent to the person skilled in the art upon studying the design proposals described in detail. If a component can occur multiple times ("at least one"), the description with respect to one of these components can apply equally to all or most of these components, but this is not mandatory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0062] The present application and the technical background are explained in more detail below on the basis of the drawings. It should be noted that the present application should not be restricted by the embodiments listed. In particular, facts described in the figures can be extracted in part and combined with other components and recognitions from the description, if not explicitly stated otherwise. In particular, it should be noted that the drawings and, in particular, the dimensional proportions shown are merely schematic. In the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 A known predetermined negative structure for a stack in a housing part for a battery cell is shown in a perspective view;

[0064] Figure 2 A housing part manufactured by a known deep-drawing tool is shown in a perspective view;

[0065] Figure 3 A stack of plate-shaped electrodes with a predetermined geometry is shown in a perspective view;

[0066] Figure 4 A negative form structure of a housing part for a stack according to Figure 3 is shown in a perspective view; and

[0067] Figure 5 A housing part after arranging a stack is shown in a perspective view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] Figure 1 A known predetermined negative form structure 10 for a stack 3 in a housing part 5 for a battery cell 1 is shown in a perspective view. Figure 2 A housing part 5 manufactured by a known deep-drawing tool 8 is shown in a perspective view. The following is described jointly Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0069] The housing part 5 is manufactured by deep-drawing a film material 6. The film material 6 is deformed here by a deep-drawing tool 8, so that a negative form structure 10 of at least a portion of a stack 3 of plate-shaped electrodes 4 is produced in the film material 6. The stack 3 is arranged in the deformed film material 6 and encloses a housing 2. Figure 3

[0070] In the deep-drawing design of a film material 6 as a soft pack, an outward arch structure is produced in the largest side face 12 due to the elastic effect of the film material 6 (see Figure 2 ). This arch structure is produced due to the different E-moduli of the different layers of the soft pack. In the finished battery cell 1, a wrinkle is produced at the housing 2 when the soft pack is further processed in the cell production, since the arch structure in the soft pack produces excess material. The required geometry and tolerances of the battery cell 1 or the housing 2 cannot thereby be maintained.

[0071] Figure 3 A stack of plate-shaped electrodes 4 with a predetermined geometry 7 is shown in a perspective view. Figure 4 A negative form structure 10 of a housing part 5 for a stack 3 according to Figure 3 is shown in a perspective view. Figure 5 A housing part 5 after arranging a stack 3 is shown in a perspective view. The following is described jointly Figures 3 to 5 . Reference is hereby made to the description of Figure 1 and Figure 2 . ​

[0072] The housing part 5 is produced by the method and / or using the deep-drawing tool 8. The battery cell 1 comprises a housing 2 and a battery cell arranged in the housing. Figure 3 The stack 3 is composed of plate-shaped electrodes 4 stacked on top of each other, and the housing part 5 is provided for the battery cell 1. At least one housing part 5 of the housing 2 is made of an elastically deformable film material 6. The stack 3 has a predetermined three-dimensional geometric shape 7 and is provided for arrangement in the housing part 5. The housing part 5 has a predetermined shape deviation 9 relative to the geometric shape 7 of the stack (see Figure 4 ), so that by arranging the stack 3 in the housing part 5, the deviation from shape 9 is or can be compressed by the stack 3. As a result of this compression, a tensile stress is applied to or is exerted on a region 11 of the housing part 5 that is arranged at a distance from the deviation from shape 9.

[0073] According to step a) of the method, in particular, the film material 6 is provided. The film material 6 is designed to be flat and, in particular, has no deformation relative to the flat extension.

[0074] According to step b) a process for deforming the film material 6 to form the housing part is provided (see Figure 4 ) deep-drawing tool 8. The deep-drawing tool 8 comprises a punch 14, which cooperates with a die 15 to form the housing part 5 by at least partial plastic deformation of the film material 6.

[0075] The stack 3 is provided for arrangement in a housing part 5 consisting of a deformed film material 6. The stack 3 thus has a known geometry 7, ie a right hexahedron-like geometry without taking into account the arrester (see Figure 3 ). This predetermines the shape of the deep-drawing tool 8. The deep-drawing tool 8 has a predetermined shape deviation 9 relative to the geometric shape 7 of the stack 3. The deep-drawing tool 8 does not have a shape identical to the stack 3 and suitable for accommodating the shape of the stack 3, i.e., a negative shape of the stack 3 or a portion of the stack 3, but rather has a shape deviation 9 that deviates therefrom.

[0076] According to step c), the housing part 5 is deep-drawn and a negative structure 10 of the stack 3 or a part of the stack 3 is formed in the film material 6 by the deep-drawing tool 8, wherein the negative structure 10 includes the shape deviation 9 (see Figure 4 ) It is now already visible on the deformed film material 6 that the negative structure 10 produced by deep drawing deviates from the geometry 7 of the stack 3 provided for arrangement in the housing part 5 .

[0077] According to step d) the stack 3 is arranged in the housing part 5 produced by deep-drawing the film material 6 and the shape deviation 9 of the housing part 5 is deformed by the stack 3 by pressing (see Figure 5 ). By pressing the shape deviation 9 a tensile stress is exerted or produced on the region 11 of the housing part 5 which is arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation 9.

[0078] Therefore, there is a spatial overlap between the geometry 7 of the stack 3 and the negative shape structure 10 punched in the housing part 5. This overlap is eliminated by arranging the stack 3 in the housing part 5. Here the film material 6 is pressed by the stack 3 so that the film material 6 substantially has the geometry of the stack 3 after arranging the stack 3.

[0079] According to step e) the housing 2 is closed and the battery cell 1 is constituted (see Figure 3 ).

[0080] Since the tensile stress produced in the region 11 of the housing part 5 prevents the film material 6 from forming an arch structure. Thereby it is ensured that the film material 6 is as closely as possible adhered to the geometry 7 of the stack 3. Thereby it is effectively prevented that wrinkles are produced in the housing part 5 when the housing 2 is closed and when the battery cell 1 is constituted.

[0081] The portion of the stack 3 which is presented by the negative shape structure 10 has a shape of a straight hexahedron with one largest side 12 and four smaller circumferential faces 13, wherein the shape deviation 9 is produced on two mutually opposite circumferential faces 13.

[0082] The negative shape structure 10 is provided for the geometry 7 of the stack 3 which is a straight hexahedron without considering the discharge device, which has two largest sides 12 and four smaller circumferential faces 13 (see Figure 3 ). The recess-like negative shape structure 10 (see Figure 4 ) corresponding to this geometry 7 accordingly only has one largest side 12 and a partial region of the circumferential faces 13 of the geometry 7 of the stack 3.

[0083] The shape deviation 9 comprises a convex bulge of the two circumferential faces 13 on the negative shape structure 10 as seen from the stack 3 (see Figure 4). The elevations comprise said arch-shaped structures of the circumferential face 13 which are designed flat apart from the arch-shaped structures. The arch-shaped structures are designed convexly towards the stack 3, i. e. convexly as viewed from the stack. The elevations form an overlap in space between the geometry 7 of the stack 3 and the negative structures 10 stamped in the housing part 5. By arranging the stack 3 in the housing part 5 the elevations are at least partially eliminated. Here the film material 6 is pressed outwards, i. e. away from the stack 3 by the stack 3, so that the film material substantially has the geometry 7 of the stack 3, i. e. has a flat circumferential face 13 ( see Fig. 2 ) after arranging the film material 6. Figure 5

[0084] In step d) the stack 3 deforms the housing part 5 towards the geometry 7 of the straight hexahedron of the stack 3 and thereby tensions the film material 6 in the region of the largest side face 12 by tensile stress.

[0085] List of reference signs

[0086] 1 battery cell

[0087] 2 housing

[0088] 3 stack

[0089] 4 plate-shaped electrode

[0090] 5 housing part

[0091] 6 film material

[0092] 7 geometry

[0093] 8 deep-drawing tool

[0094] 9 form deviation

[0095] 10 negative structure

[0096] 11 region

[0097] 12 side face

[0098] 13 circumferential face

[0099] 14 punch

[0100] 15 recess

[0101] 16 fold​

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a battery cell (1) comprising at least a housing (2) and at least one stack (3) of plate-shaped electrodes (4) arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein, At least one housing part (5) of the housing (2) is manufactured from a film material (6) which can be elastically deformed, and wherein the stack (3) has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry (7); wherein the method has at least the following steps: a) providing the film material (6); b) providing a deep-drawing tool (8) for deforming the film material (6) to form at least one housing part (5), wherein the stack (3) is provided for being arranged in the housing part (5), and wherein the deep-drawing tool has a predetermined shape deviation (9) relative to the geometry (7) of the stack (3); c) deep-drawing the housing part (5) and forming a negative shape structure (10) of the stack (3) in the film material (6), wherein the negative shape structure (10) comprises the shape deviation (9); d) arranging the stack (3) in the housing part (5) and deforming the shape deviation (9) of the housing part (5) by the stack (3) by means of extrusion; wherein by extruding the shape deviation (9) a tensile stress is exerted on a region (11) of the housing part (5) which is arranged spaced apart from the shape deviation (9); e) closing the housing (2) and forming a battery cell (1); wherein the part of the stack (3) which is assumed by the negative shape structure (10) has a shape of a straight hexahedron with one largest side (12) and four smaller peripheral sides (13), wherein the region (11) is the largest side (12) and the shape deviation (9) is produced on at least one of the peripheral sides, and wherein the shape deviation (9) comprises a convex bulge of at least one peripheral side (13) on the negative shape structure (10) as viewed from the stack (3).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The shape deviation (9) is formed on two mutually opposite peripheral sides (13).

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The shape deviation (9) is formed on each peripheral side (13).

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein, In step d) the housing part (5) is deformed towards the straight hexahedron geometry (7) of the stack (3) by arranging the stack (3) and thereby tensioning the film material (6) in the region (11) of the largest side (12) by tensile stress.

5. A deep-drawing tool (8) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims for deforming a film material (6) into a housing component (5) for a battery cell (1), wherein The battery cell comprises at least one housing (2) and at least one stack (3) of plate-shaped electrodes (4) arranged on top of one another arranged in the housing, wherein the stack (3) has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry (7) and is provided for being arranged in the housing part (5); wherein the deep-drawing tool (8) has a predetermined shape deviation (9) relative to the geometry (7) of the stack (3) so that a negative shape structure (10) of the stack (3) can be produced in the film material (6) when the housing part (5) is deep-drawn by the deep-drawing tool (8), the negative shape structure comprising the shape deviation.

6. A housing component (5) of a housing (2) of a battery cell (1), wherein The battery cell (1) comprises at least one housing (2) and at least one stack (3) of plate-shaped electrodes (4) arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein the housing part (5) is manufactured by the method according to one of claims 1 to 4 or by using the deep-drawing tool (8) according to claim 5, and wherein the stack (3) has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry (7) and is provided for being arranged in the housing part (5); wherein the housing part (5) has a predetermined shape deviation (9) with respect to the geometry (7) of the stack (3).

7. A battery cell (1) comprising at least a housing (2) and at least one stack (3) of plate-shaped electrodes (4) arranged on top of each other arranged in the housing, wherein At least one housing part (5) of the housing (2) is a housing part (5) according to claim 6, and wherein the stack (3) has a predetermined three-dimensional geometry (7); wherein the housing part (5) has a predetermined shape deviation (9) with respect to the geometry (7) of the stack (3) before the stack (3) is arranged into the housing part (5).

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