An apparatus system and method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag

Abstract

The present invention provides a device system and method for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag. The device system includes an air compression unit, an ultrasonic unit, and an atomization unit and a flotation unit disposed inside the ultrasonic unit; the air compression unit, the atomization unit, and the flotation unit are connected in sequence. The method includes the following steps: (1) mixing coal gasification slag with a flotation frother and performing flotation treatment during stirring; (2) constructing an ultrasonic field during the process of step (1) and synchronously performing ultrasonic treatment; (3) adding a flotation collector after atomization treatment during the process of step (2); (4) collecting the flotation foam generated during the flotation treatment process of step (1). The method provided by the present invention improves the separation efficiency and the loss-on-ignition rate of high-carbon products, and realizes the efficient separation of carbon and ash components in gasification slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of resource utilization of inorganic chemical solid wastes, and relates to a separation device and method, in particular to a device system and method for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag. Background Art

[0002] Coal gasification technology is the basis of modern coal chemical industry in China. In this process, organic matter in coal is converted into chemicals, and inorganic matter is discharged in the form of gasification ash slag. At present, coal gasification ash slag is mainly stored in piles, causing serious environmental and water pollution. During the process of disposing of coal gasification ash slag, due to the large amount of unburned carbon contained therein, its large-scale utilization ways such as in construction materials are limited. The separation of carbon-ash components in gasification slag is the key to realizing the high-value, reduction, and harmless utilization of gasification slag.

[0003] CN211838431U combines a hydrocyclone and a fluidized bed separator to obtain a fine carbon product with an ash content of 30%. CN107303539A discloses a flotation process for coal gasification fine slag. Using coal gasification fine slag as raw material, adding a flocculant, a collector, and a foaming agent, and performing flotation by a flotation machine to obtain a fine carbon product. CN103695066A discloses a method for recycling coal gasification fine slag, using two-stage flotation to separate gasification fine slag, and the separated products are used for co-firing. Although the above methods can separate a certain amount of carbon and ash components, there are generally problems such as low separation efficiency and low loss rate of high-carbon products, and the efficient separation of carbon and ash components in gasification slag cannot be achieved.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a device system and method for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag, improving the separation efficiency and the loss rate of high-carbon products, and realizing the efficient separation of carbon and ash components in gasification slag has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art at present. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device system and method for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag, and the method improves the separation efficiency and the loss rate of high-carbon products, and realizes the efficient separation of carbon and ash components in gasification slag.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a device system for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag. The device system includes an air compression unit, an ultrasonic unit, and an atomization unit and a flotation unit arranged inside the ultrasonic unit; the air compression unit, the atomization unit, and the flotation unit are connected in sequence.

[0008] The present invention combines an ultrasonic unit and an air compression unit to jointly promote the atomization of the flotation collector and prevent the atomized gas from being condensed and liquefied. At the same time, the ultrasonic wave acts on the flotation unit. On the one hand, it promotes the dispersion of the gasified slag particles, and on the other hand, it can prevent the atomized bubbles formed during the flotation process from merging with each other, improving the separation effect of carbon ash from gasified slag.

[0009] Preferably, the air compression unit includes an air compressor.

[0010] Preferably, the atomization unit includes an atomization cup and an atomization cup nozzle and an air valve arranged on the surface of the atomization cup.

[0011] Preferably, the air compressor is connected to the atomization cup through an air duct.

[0012] Preferably, the flotation unit includes a flotation cell and a stirring device arranged inside the flotation cell.

[0013] Preferably, the stirring device includes a motor, a main shaft and a rotor connected in sequence.

[0014] In the present invention, the motor drives the main shaft, and then drives the rotor to rotate, thereby driving the gasified slag slurry to flow inside the flotation cell.

[0015] Preferably, an atomized gas duct connected to the atomization cup nozzle is embedded inside the main shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the ultrasonic unit includes an ultrasonic generator.

[0017] Preferably, the ultrasonic generator has a concave structure.

[0018] Preferably, a product collector is arranged at the edge of the flotation cell.

[0019] Preferably, a flow meter is arranged on the surface of the atomized gas duct.

[0020] In the present invention, the flow meter is used to control and display the real-time flow rate generated by the atomization cup.

[0021] Preferably, an ultrasonic power controller is arranged on the side wall of the ultrasonic generator.

[0022] In the present invention, the ultrasonic power controller is used to adjust the working frequency of the ultrasonic system in real time.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag by using the device system as described in the first aspect. The method includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) Mix the coal gasification slag with a flotation frother and perform flotation treatment during stirring;

[0025] (2) During the process of step (1), an ultrasonic field is constructed and ultrasonic treatment is carried out synchronously.

[0026] (3) During the process of step (2), a flotation collector after atomization treatment is added.

[0027] (4) The flotation foam generated during the flotation treatment process described in step (1) is collected.

[0028] The method provided by the present invention realizes the coupling effect of atomization, ultrasound and flotation, and is easy to operate. The flotation collector after atomization treatment is more stable and has more uniform size. Ultrasonic treatment prevents the mutual merger of liquid drops in the pipeline, improving the carbon and ash separation efficiency and the carbon content of the flotation foam product. In addition, the carbon and ash in the gasification slag are embedded and adhered together. Ultrasonic treatment greatly increases the dispersion degree between carbon and ash, and ultrasound promotes the merger of atomized foams generated during the flotation process.

[0029] Preferably, the flotation frother described in step (1) includes terpineol and / or fatty alcohol.

[0030] Preferably, the dosage of the flotation frother described in step (1) is 0.5 - 20 kg / t. For example, it can be 0.5 kg / t, 1 kg / t, 2 kg / t, 4 kg / t, 6 kg / t, 8 kg / t, 10 kg / t, 12 kg / t, 14 kg / t, 16 kg / t, 18 kg / t or 20 kg / t, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0031] In the present invention, the dosage of the flotation frother described in step (1) is calculated based on the weight of the coal gasification slag. Therefore, the specific meaning of 0.5 - 20 kg / t is to add 0.5 - 20 kg of the flotation frother per ton of coal gasification slag.

[0032] Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring process described in step (1) is 500 - 2000 rpm. For example, it can be 500 rpm, 600 rpm, 800 rpm, 1000 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1400 rpm, 1600 rpm, 1800 rpm or 2000 rpm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0033] Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment described in step (2) is 20 - 200 kHz. For example, it can be 20 kHz, 40 kHz, 60 kHz, 80 kHz, 100 kHz, 120 kHz, 140 kHz, 160 kHz, 180 kHz or 200 kHz, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0034] In the present invention, the ultrasonic treatment described in step (2) is divided into two stages. The ultrasonic frequency in the first stage is 150 - 200 kHz, for example, it can be 150 kHz, 160 kHz, 170 kHz, 180 kHz, 190 kHz or 200 kHz. It mainly synergistically acts with air compression to improve the atomization effect of the flotation collector. After atomization in the second stage, it acts on the carbon - ash separation stage of the flotation unit, and the ultrasonic frequency is 20 - 50 kHz, for example, it can be 20 kHz, 25 kHz, 30 kHz, 35 kHz, 40 kHz, 45 kHz or 50 kHz, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0035] Preferably, during the ultrasonic treatment described in step (2), heat treatment is also accompanied.

[0036] Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 20 - 90 °C, for example, it can be 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C or 90 °C, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0037] Preferably, the flotation collector described in step (3) is a composition of kerosene and a surfactant.

[0038] Preferably, the surfactant includes any one or a combination of at least two of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyethers or alkyl alcohol amides. Typical but non - restrictive combinations include the combination of alkyl sulfonic acid amines and fatty acids, the combination of fatty acids and fatty amines, the combination of fatty amines and fatty alcohol polyethers, the combination of fatty alcohol polyethers and alkyl alcohol amides, the combination of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids and fatty amines, the combination of fatty acids, fatty amines and fatty alcohol polyethers, the combination of fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyethers and alkyl alcohol amides, the combination of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids, fatty amines and fatty alcohol polyethers, the combination of fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyethers and alkyl alcohol amides, or the combination of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyethers and alkyl alcohol amides.

[0039] Preferably, the dosage of the flotation collector described in step (3) is 0.5 - 30 kg / t, for example, it can be 0.5 kg / t, 1 kg / t, 5 kg / t, 10 kg / t, 15 kg / t, 20 kg / t, 25 kg / t or 30 kg / t, but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0040] In the present invention, the dosage of the flotation collector in step (3) is calculated based on the weight of the coal gasification slag. Therefore, the specific meaning of 0.5 - 30 kg / t is that 0.5 - 30 kg of the flotation collector is added per ton of the coal gasification slag.

[0041] Preferably, the atomization treatment in step (3) includes ultrasonic treatment and / or high-speed gas flow purging.

[0042] Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 20 - 200 kHz, for example, it can be 20 kHz, 40 kHz, 60 kHz, 80 kHz, 100 kHz, 120 kHz, 140 kHz, 160 kHz, 180 kHz or 200 kHz, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this range are equally applicable.

[0043] Preferably, the gas velocity of the high-speed gas flow purging is 10 - 2000 μL / min, for example, it can be 10 μL / min, 50 μL / min, 100 μL / min, 500 μL / min, 1000 μL / min, 1200 μL / min, 1400 μL / min, 1600 μL / min, 1800 μL / min or 2000 μL / min, but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this range are equally applicable.

[0044] As a preferred technical solution of the second aspect of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:

[0045] (1) Mix the coal gasification slag with a flotation frother and conduct flotation treatment during stirring at a rotational speed of 1500 - 2000 rpm; the flotation frother includes terpineol and / or fatty alcohol, and the dosage of the flotation frother is 0.5 - 20 kg / t;

[0046] (2) During the process of step (1), construct an ultrasonic field and synchronously conduct ultrasonic treatment with a frequency of 20 - 200 kHz and heating treatment at a temperature of 20 - 90 °C;

[0047] (3) Add the flotation collector after atomization treatment during the process of step (2); the flotation collector is a composition of kerosene and a surfactant, and the surfactant includes any one or a combination of at least two of alkyl sulfonic acid amide, fatty acid, fatty amine, fatty alcohol polyoxyether or alkyl alcohol amide, and the dosage of the flotation collector is 0.5 - 30 kg / t; the atomization treatment includes ultrasonic treatment with a frequency of 20 - 200 kHz and / or high-speed gas flow purging with a gas velocity of 10 - 2000 μL / min;

[0048] (4) Collect the flotation foam generated during the flotation treatment in step (1).

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The device system provided by the present invention is an integrated coupling of an atomization unit, an ultrasonic unit, and a flotation unit. The three units act simultaneously, with a simple structure and easy operation. Ultrasonic treatment assists in generating an atomized flotation collector, improving the atomization efficiency of high-speed air blowing, producing more stable and uniformly sized micron-sized atomized droplets, and preventing the mutual merger of droplets in the pipeline. The gasified slag carbon and ash are embedded and adhered together, and ultrasonic treatment greatly increases the dispersion degree between carbon and ash. In addition, ultrasonic treatment prevents the merger of atomized foams generated during the flotation process. The atomized flotation collector produced by the synergistic action of air compression and ultrasonic treatment improves the carbon-ash separation efficiency and the carbon content of the flotation foam product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device system for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device system for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag provided in Comparative Example 1.

[0053] Wherein: 1 - air compressor; 2 - air duct; 3 - atomizing cup; 4 - ultrasonic generator; 5 - atomizing cup nozzle; 6 - air valve; 7 - motor; 8 - atomizing gas duct; 9 - rotor; 10 - flotation cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only for helping to understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0055] The present invention provides a device system for separating carbon and ash from coal gasification slag, as Figure 1As shown, the device system includes an air compression unit, an ultrasonic unit, and an atomization unit and a flotation unit disposed inside the ultrasonic unit; the air compression unit, the atomization unit, and the flotation unit are connected in sequence. The air compression unit includes an air compressor 1, the atomization unit includes an atomization cup 3 and an atomization cup nozzle 5 and an air valve 6 disposed on the surface of the atomization cup 3, and the air compressor 1 is connected to the atomization cup 3 through an air duct 2; the flotation unit includes a flotation cell 10 and a stirring device disposed inside the flotation cell 10, the stirring device includes a motor 7, a main shaft, and a rotor 9 connected in sequence, and an atomization gas duct 8 connected to the atomization cup nozzle 5 is embedded inside the main shaft; the ultrasonic unit includes an ultrasonic generator 4, and the ultrasonic generator 4 is of a concave structure; a product collection funnel is disposed at the edge of the flotation cell 10; a flow meter is disposed on the surface of the atomization gas duct 8 for controlling and displaying the real-time flow rate generated by the atomization cup 3; an ultrasonic power controller is disposed on the side wall of the ultrasonic generator 4 for regulating the working frequency of the ultrasonic system in real time.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This example provides a method for separating coal gasification slag carbon ash using the device system as Figure 1 shown, and the method includes the following steps:

[0058] (1) Prepare a slurry of coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 27 wt% and add 5 kg / t of a flotation frother (terpineol) to the flotation cell 10, start the motor 7, and drive the gasification slag slurry to flow inside the flotation cell 10 under the drive of the rotor 9, and the stirring speed is 2000 rpm;

[0059] (2) Start the ultrasonic power supply, output high-power ultrasonic waves of 150 kHz through the ultrasonic power controller, and construct an ultrasonic field for the flotation cell 10, the atomization cup 3, and the atomization gas duct 8;

[0060] (3) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and alkyl sulfonic amine) through the air valve 6 above the atomization cup 3 so that the flotation collector is pre-atomized ultrasonically;

[0061] (4) Start the switch of the air compressor 1, the air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, drives the flotation collector in the atomization cup 3 to form atomized droplets, and at the same time regulates the ultrasonic waves to promote the formation of atomized droplets;

[0062] (5) After stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomization gas duct 8 above the atomization nozzle 5, the high-speed flowing gasification slag slurry will bring the atomization gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 100 μL / min, the total addition amount of the flotation collector is 10 kg / t, control the ultrasonic power to be 25 kHz, promote the flotation separation, and the flotation temperature is 25 °C;

[0063] (6) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0064] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 81 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 2 wt%.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag using the device system as shown in Figure 1 . The method includes the following steps:

[0067] (1) Prepare a slurry from coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 48 wt% and add 8 kg / t of a flotation frother (sec-octanol) to the flotation cell 10. Start the motor 7, and under the drive of the rotor 9, the gasification slag slurry flows inside the flotation cell 10, and the stirring speed is 1800 rpm;

[0068] (2) Start the ultrasonic power supply. Through the ultrasonic power controller, output high-power ultrasonic waves of 160 kHz to construct an ultrasonic field for the flotation cell 10, the atomizing cup 3, and the atomizing gas conduit 8;

[0069] (3) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and dodecanoic acid) through the air valve 6 above the atomizing cup 3, so that the flotation collector is pre-ultrasonically atomized;

[0070] (4) Start the switch of the air compressor 1. The air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, driving the flotation collector in the atomizing cup 3 to form atomized droplets. At the same time, regulate the ultrasonic waves to promote the formation of atomized droplets;

[0071] (5) When stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomizing gas conduit 8 above the atomizing nozzle 5. The high-speed flowing gasification slag slurry brings the atomizing gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 300 μL / min. The total addition amount of the flotation collector is 9 kg / t. Control the ultrasonic power to 30 kHz to promote the flotation separation. The flotation temperature is 30 °C;

[0072] (6) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0073] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 87 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 4.5 wt%.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag by using the device system as shown in Figure 1 The method includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Prepare a slurry of coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 21 wt% and add 3 kg / t of flotation frother (terpineol) to the flotation cell 10. Start the motor 7, and under the drive of the rotor 9, the gasification slag slurry flows inside the flotation cell 10, and the stirring speed is 1900 rpm;

[0077] (2) Start the ultrasonic power supply, and through the ultrasonic power controller, output high-power ultrasonic waves of 150 kHz to construct an ultrasonic field for the flotation cell 10, the atomizing cup 3, and the atomizing gas conduit 8;

[0078] (3) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and dodecylamine) through the air valve 6 above the atomizing cup 3, so that the flotation collector is pre-ultrasonically atomized;

[0079] (4) Start the switch of the air compressor 1. The air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, which drives the flotation collector in the atomizing cup 3 to form atomized droplets. At the same time, regulate the ultrasonic wave to promote the formation of atomized droplets;

[0080] (5) After stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomizing gas conduit 8 above the atomizing nozzle 5. The high-speed flowing gasification slag slurry brings the atomizing gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 200 μL / min. The total addition amount of the flotation collector is 3 kg / t. Control the ultrasonic power to 25 kHz to promote the flotation separation. The flotation temperature is 45 °C;

[0081] (6) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0082] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 is detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results show that the loss on ignition of the foam product is 92 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings is 3.8 wt%.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] This embodiment provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag by using the device system as shown in Figure 1 The method includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) Prepare a slurry of coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 15 wt% and add 0.5 kg / t of flotation frother (terpineol) to the flotation cell 10. Start the motor 7, and under the drive of the rotor 9, the gasification slag slurry flows inside the flotation cell 10, and the stirring speed is 2000 rpm;

[0086] (2) Start the ultrasonic power supply. Through the ultrasonic power controller, output high-power ultrasonic waves at 200 kHz to construct an ultrasonic field for the flotation cell 10, the atomizing cup 3, and the atomizing gas conduit 8;

[0087] (3) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether) through the air valve 6 above the atomizing cup 3, so that the flotation collector is pre-ultrasonically atomized;

[0088] (4) Turn on the switch of the air compressor 1. The air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, driving the flotation collector in the atomizing cup 3 to form atomized droplets. At the same time, regulate the ultrasonic waves to promote the formation of atomized droplets;

[0089] (5) After stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomizing gas conduit 8 above the atomizing nozzle 5. The high-speed flowing gasified slag slurry brings the atomizing gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 2000 μL / min. The total addition amount of the flotation collector is 0.5 kg / t. Control the ultrasonic power at 20 kHz to promote the flotation separation. The flotation temperature is 90 °C;

[0090] (6) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0091] In this example, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 64 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 2.8 wt%.

[0092] Example 5

[0093] This example provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag using the device system as Figure 1 shown. The method includes the following steps:

[0094] (1) Prepare a slurry from coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 50.05 wt% and add 20 kg / t of a flotation frother (an equal-volume composition of terpineol and methyl isobutyl carbinol) to the flotation cell 10. Start the motor 7. Driven by the rotor 9, the gasification slag slurry flows inside the flotation cell 10, and the stirring speed is 1500 rpm;

[0095] (2) Start the ultrasonic power supply. Through the ultrasonic power controller, output high-power ultrasonic waves at 150 kHz to construct an ultrasonic field for the flotation cell 10, the atomizing cup 3, and the atomizing gas conduit 8;

[0096] (3) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and alkylolamide) through the air valve 6 above the atomizing cup 3, so that the flotation collector is pre-ultrasonically atomized;

[0097] (4) Start the switch of the air compressor 1. The air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, driving the flotation collector in the atomization cup 3 to form atomized droplets. At the same time, ultrasonic waves are regulated to promote the formation of atomized droplets.

[0098] (5) After stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomized gas conduit 8 above the atomized nozzle 5. The high-speed flowing gasified slag slurry brings the atomized gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 10 μL / min. The total addition amount of the flotation collector is 30 kg / t. Control the ultrasonic power at 50 kHz to promote the flotation separation process. The flotation temperature is 20 °C.

[0099] (6) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0100] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 89.7 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 6.66 wt%.

[0101] Example 6

[0102] This embodiment provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag using the device system as shown in Figure 1 . Except that the ultrasonic treatment frequency in step (2) is increased to 220 kHz, the other conditions are the same as those in Example 4, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0103] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 64.7 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 3.0 wt%.

[0104] Compared with Example 4, there is no obvious difference in the loss on ignition of the foam product and the tailings obtained in this embodiment, indicating that increasing the ultrasonic frequency in step (2) above 200 kHz does not significantly improve the carbon ash separation effect. Instead, it increases the separation cost to a certain extent and causes an unnecessary increase in energy consumption.

[0105] Example 7

[0106] This embodiment provides a method for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag using the device system as shown in Figure 1 . Except that the ultrasonic treatment frequency in step (5) is reduced to 15 kHz, the other conditions are the same as those in Example 4, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0107] In this example, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 59.4 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 15.7 wt%.

[0108] Compared with Example 4, the loss on ignition of the foam product obtained in this example was significantly reduced, while the loss on ignition of the tailings was significantly increased, indicating that reducing the ultrasonic frequency to below 20 kHz in step (5) is not conducive to the efficient separation of carbon ash components, and the efficiency of flotation separation is significantly reduced.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] This comparative example provides a device system and method for carbon ash separation of coal gasification slag, as Figure 2 shown. The device system includes an air compression unit, an atomization unit, and a flotation unit connected in sequence. The air compression unit includes an air compressor 1. The atomization unit includes an atomization cup 3, an atomization cup nozzle 5 and an air valve 6 arranged on the surface of the atomization cup 3. The air compressor 1 is connected to the atomization cup 3 through an air conduit 2. The flotation unit includes a flotation cell 10 and a stirring device arranged inside the flotation cell 10. The stirring device includes a motor 7, a main shaft, and a rotor 9 connected in sequence. An atomized gas conduit 8 connected to the atomization cup nozzle 5 is embedded inside the main shaft. A product collection funnel is arranged at the edge of the flotation cell 10. A flow meter is arranged on the surface of the atomized gas conduit 8 to control and display the real-time flow rate generated by the atomization cup 3.

[0111] In this comparative example, the method includes the following steps:

[0112] (1) Prepare a slurry from coal gasification slag with a loss on ignition of 27 wt% and add 5 kg / t of a flotation frother (terpineol) to the flotation cell 10. Start the motor 7. Driven by the rotor 9, the gasification slag slurry flows inside the flotation cell 10, and the stirring speed is 2000 rpm;

[0113] (2) Add a flotation collector (an equal-volume composition of kerosene and alkyl sulfonic amine) through the air valve 6 above the atomization cup 3. Turn on the switch of the air compressor 1. The air compressor 1 compresses air to form a high-speed air flow, driving the flotation collector in the atomization cup 3 to form atomized droplets;

[0114] (3) When stable atomized droplets are generated, open the atomized gas conduit 8 above the atomization nozzle 5. The high-speed flowing gasification slag slurry brings the atomized gas into the flotation cell 10 at a flow rate of 100 μL / min. The total addition amount of the flotation collector is 10 kg / t, and the flotation temperature is 25 °C;

[0115] (4) The sorted flotation foam enters the product collection funnel.

[0116] In this embodiment, the loss on ignition of the flotation foam and the tailings in the flotation cell 10 was detected in a muffle furnace according to GBT 34231-2017. The results showed that the loss on ignition of the foam product was 70.5 wt%, and the loss on ignition of the tailings was 15.87 wt%.

[0117] Compared with Example 1, the loss on ignition of the foam product obtained in this comparative example was significantly reduced, while the loss on ignition of the tailings was significantly increased, indicating that the absence of ultrasonic treatment would significantly reduce the separation efficiency of carbon ash. This is because it is difficult to fully generate atomized flotation collectors by simply blowing with high-speed air flow, and it is impossible to avoid the mutual merger between the liquid drops in the pipeline. In addition, the absence of ultrasonic treatment makes it difficult for the atomized foams generated during the flotation process to fully merge, ultimately reducing the separation efficiency.

[0118] It can be seen that the device system provided by the present invention is an integrated coupling of an atomization unit, an ultrasonic unit, and a flotation unit. The three act simultaneously, with a simple structure and easy operation. Ultrasonic treatment assists in generating atomized flotation collectors, improving the atomization efficiency of high-speed air flow blowing, generating more stable and uniformly sized micron-level atomized liquid drops, and preventing the mutual merger between the liquid drops in the pipeline. The gasified slag carbon and ash are embedded and adhered together, and ultrasonic treatment greatly increases the dispersion degree between carbon and ash. In addition, ultrasonic treatment prevents the merger between the atomized foams generated during the flotation process. The atomized flotation collectors generated by the synergistic action of air compression and ultrasonic treatment improve the separation efficiency of carbon and ash and the carbon content of the flotation foam product.

[0119] The applicant declares that the above description is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus system for separating carbon ash from coal gasification slag, characterized in that, The device system includes an air compression unit, an ultrasonic unit, and an atomization unit and a flotation unit disposed inside the ultrasonic unit; The air compression unit, the atomization unit, and the flotation unit are connected in sequence; The atomization unit includes an atomization cup and an atomization cup nozzle and an air valve disposed on the surface of the atomization cup; The flotation unit includes a flotation cell and a stirring device disposed inside the flotation cell; the stirring device includes a motor, a main shaft, and a rotor connected in sequence; an atomization gas conduit connected to the atomization cup nozzle is embedded inside the main shaft; The ultrasonic unit includes an ultrasonic generator; the ultrasonic generator has a concave structure.

2. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compression unit includes an air compressor.

3. The device system according to claim 2, wherein The air compressor is connected to the atomization cup through an air conduit.

4. The device system according to claim 1, wherein A product collector is disposed at the edge of the flotation cell.

5. The device system according to claim 1, wherein, A flow meter is disposed on the surface of the atomization gas conduit.

6. The device system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An ultrasonic power controller is disposed on the side wall of the ultrasonic generator.

7. A method for separating coal gasification slag carbon ash by using the device system described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Mix the coal gasification slag with a flotation frother and perform flotation treatment during the stirring process; (2) Construct an ultrasonic field during the process of step (1) and perform ultrasonic treatment synchronously; (3) Add a flotation collector after atomization treatment during the process of step (2); (4) Collect the flotation foam generated during the flotation treatment process described in step (1).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The flotation frother described in step (1) includes terpineol and / or fatty alcohol.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein The dosage of the flotation frother described in step (1) is 0.5 - 20 kg / t.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein The rotation speed of the stirring process described in step (1) is 500 - 2000 rpm.

11. The method according to claim 7, wherein The frequency of the ultrasonic treatment described in step (2) is 20 - 200 kHz.

12. The method according to claim 7, wherein During the ultrasonic treatment process described in step (2), heat treatment is also accompanied.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein The temperature of the heat treatment is 20 - 90 °C.

14. The method according to claim 7, wherein The flotation collector described in step (3) is a composition of kerosene and a surfactant.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein The surfactant includes any one or a combination of at least two of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyoxyethers, or alkyl alcohol amides.

16. The method according to claim 7, wherein The dosage of the flotation collector described in step (3) is 0.5 - 30 kg / t.

17. The method according to claim 7, wherein The atomization treatment described in step (3) includes ultrasonic treatment and / or high-speed air flow blowing.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 20 - 200 kHz.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein The air velocity of the high-speed air flow blowing is 10 - 2000 μL / min.

20. The method according to claim 7, wherein The method includes the following steps: (1) Mix the coal gasification slag with a flotation frother and perform flotation treatment during the stirring process at a rotation speed of 1500 - 2000 rpm; the flotation frother includes terpineol and / or fatty alcohol, and the dosage of the flotation frother is 0.5 - 20 kg / t; (2) Construct an ultrasonic field during the process of step (1) and perform ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 20 - 200 kHz and heat treatment at a temperature of 20 - 90 °C synchronously; (3) Add the flotation collector after atomization treatment during the process of step (2); the flotation collector is a composition of kerosene and a surfactant, and the surfactant includes any one or a combination of at least two of alkyl sulfonic acid amines, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty alcohol polyoxyethers or alkyl alcohol amides, and the dosage of the flotation collector is 0.5 - 30 kg / t; the atomization treatment includes ultrasonic treatment with a frequency of 20 - 200 kHz and / or high-speed air flow blowing with an air velocity of 10 - 2000 μL / min; (4) Collect the flotation foam generated during the flotation treatment process of step (1).

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