Process for One-step Preparation of Silica-coated All-inorganic High-entropy Biphasic Perovskite Nanocrystalline Materials by High-energy Ball Milling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of perovskite nanocrystal material preparation, and discloses a process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling. The silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material is CsMBr<subgt;3< / subgt; / CsM<subgt;2< / subgt;Br<subgt;5< / subgt;@SiO<subgt;2< / subgt>, and the preparation process includes the following steps: ball milling tank treatment, weighing, first ball milling, second ball milling, cleaning, and drying and grinding. The present invention synthesizes the silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material CsMBr<subgt;3 / CsM<subgt;2Br<subgt;5@SiO<subgt;2 with excellent luminescence performance and good stability in one step, greatly reducing the lead content of the nanocrystal material and enhancing the stability; the silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material synthesized by dimethoxydimethylsilane has a hollow mesoporous morphology, reducing the loss of the luminescence performance of the internal luminescent nanocrystal material by SiO<subgt;2.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of perovskite nanocrystal materials preparation, in particular to a process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely used in cavity lasers, photodetectors, solar cells, backlight displays, and light-emitting diodes due to their narrow spectral bandwidth, bright photoluminescence (PL), visible light (400 - 700 nm), high defect tolerance, and high fluorescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, the problems of low stability and high lead content severely limit their industrial applications.

[0003] Currently, the above problems are generally solved by improving the preparation process, selecting appropriate organic ligands for surface modification, encapsulating nanocrystals with inorganic materials or polymers, and doping ions. However, in the production process of preparing luminescent nanocrystal materials by the hot injection method, a large amount of organic solvents are used, and there are high requirements for the preparation environment. Moreover, currently, the encapsulation of nanocrystals with inorganic / organic materials is generally carried out after the nanocrystals are prepared, redispersed in a solution, and then encapsulated, so the steps are cumbersome and time-consuming. In addition, the oxygen present in the synthesis process has a great impact on the product quality. When synthesizing silica-coated all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystal materials, it is necessary to first synthesize all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals and then coat them, with a complex process and inconvenient operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies and provide a process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solution:

[0006] A process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method, wherein the silica (SiO2)-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials are CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2, where M is 2+ Pb 2+ Mn 2+ Ni 2+ Cd 2+ at least three of

[0007] In the chemical formula of the silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials of the present invention, the two Ms before and after represent the same substance; M can specifically be expressed as Among them, M 1 is Pb 2+ , M 2 is Mn 2+ , M 3 is Ni 2 + , M 4 is Cd 2+ , M 5 is Zn 2+ ; where a≥0, b≥0, c≥0, d≥0, e≥0, and a + b + c + d + e = 1.

[0008] The preparation process includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Ball mill tank treatment: After the ball mill tank is treated by plasma, a Zn layer is coated on the inner surface of the ball mill tank to obtain a treated ball mill tank;

[0010] (2) Weighing: In a glove box, weigh the raw materials CsBr, MBr2 or / and MBr2·nH2O according to the chemical formula of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2. Put the weighed raw materials and grinding balls into the ball mill tank, seal the ball mill tank and take it out of the glove box;

[0011] (3) First ball milling: Install the ball mill tank on a high-energy ball mill and perform the first ball milling;

[0012] (4) Second ball milling: After the first ball milling is completed, transfer the ball mill tank to the glove box, add oleylamine and dimethoxydimethylsilane into the ball mill tank and seal it; After taking out the ball mill tank, use a high-energy ball mill to perform the second ball milling;

[0013] (5) Cleaning: After the second ball milling is completed, take out the ball milled material in the ball mill tank; Wash the ball milled material with toluene to obtain a precipitate;

[0014] (6) Drying and grinding: Dry and grind the precipitate to obtain the silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2.

[0015] Preferably, in the step (1), the plasma treatment process of the ball mill tank is: put the ball mill tank into a PLASMA vacuum plasma treatment instrument and treat it for 10 min; The thickness of the Zn layer on the inner surface of the ball mill tank is 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm. In this process, the Zn layer is obtained by spraying nano zinc powder with a thermal spray gun.

[0016] Preferably, in the step (2), the MBr2 is at least one of PbBr2, ZnBr2, and CdBr2; the MBr2·nH2O is at least one of MnBr2·4H2O and NiBr2·nH2O.

[0017] Preferably, in the step (2), the ball-to-material ratio in the ball mill is 5:1; the grinding balls are one of zirconia grinding balls and high manganese steel grinding balls. The ball mill used in this process can accommodate 2.5 g - 10 g of the material to be ball milled.

[0018] Preferably, in the step (3), the ball milling time for the first ball milling is 5 min, and the ball milling speed is 1000 rpm.

[0019] Preferably, in the step (4), the ratio of the preparation amount of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 to oleylamine is 12.5 mmol:1 mL; the ratio of the preparation amount of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 to dimethoxydimethylsilane is 25 mmol:1 mL - 3 mL.

[0020] Preferably, in the step (4), the ball milling time for the second ball milling is 22 min, and the ball milling speed is 1000 rpm.

[0021] Preferably, in the step (5), the cleaning process is as follows: disperse the ball milled material in toluene to obtain a mixed solution; transfer the upper layer solution of the mixed solution to a centrifuge tube, and after centrifugation, obtain the upper clear liquid and the precipitate; discard the upper clear liquid, add toluene to the centrifuge tube, ultrasonically disperse to disperse the precipitate, and then centrifuge again; repeat the above operation until the upper clear liquid shows no luminescence under ultraviolet light irradiation, and the cleaning is completed.

[0022] In this process, it is necessary to fully disperse the ball milled material in toluene; after the ball milled material is fully dispersed, there may still be some lower layer precipitates. This part of the lower layer precipitate is not fully dispersed by toluene and cannot wash away the excess oleylamine, which will affect the quality of the product in the follow-up, so it is discarded; however, the amount of the lower layer precipitate is very small, as long as the ball milled material is fully dispersed in toluene, it can ensure the yield of the product obtained in the follow-up.

[0023] Preferably, in the step (6), the precipitate is vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 70 °C for 7 h; the dried precipitate is ground in a glove box.

[0024] The high-energy ball mill used in the present invention is a SPEX-8000M high-energy ball mill.

[0025] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] The present invention creatively adds dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS) during the synthesis process to synthesize an all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material encapsulated with silica in one step. The SiO2 synthesized using DMDMS has a hollow mesoporous morphology, which helps reduce the loss of the luminescence performance of the internal luminescent nanocrystal material and has a relatively high dielectric constant. In addition, although the efficiency of the high-energy ball milling technology is already higher than that of the ordinary ball milling method, during the ball milling process, the raw materials are likely to adsorb on the surface of the ball milling tank wall, resulting in uneven ball milling and increased energy consumption. Therefore, the present invention performs PLASMA plasma treatment on the ball milling tank before ball milling to modify the surface of the ball milling tank, increasing the specific surface area of the material surface (more nano zinc powder can be attached in the next step), improving the wetting performance of the material surface, preventing the raw materials from adsorbing on the tank wall during the ball milling process, and accelerating the ball milling efficiency. Furthermore, the nanocrystal material is prone to react with oxygen during the synthesis process, resulting in a decrease in product quality or output. Therefore, after performing PLASMA plasma treatment on the ball milling tank, the present invention uses a thermal spraying process to atomize and spray nano-scale zinc powder onto the inner surface of the ball milling tank using a spray gun. On the one hand, zinc, as a reducing agent, can consume the oxygen in the tank during the synthesis process to ensure product quality. On the other hand, ZnO2 generated after zinc is oxidized has a relatively large band gap and exciton binding energy, high transparency, and excellent room-temperature luminescence performance. It can form a heterojunction with CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 to enhance the luminescence performance.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) The present invention synthesizes an all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 encapsulated with silica that has excellent luminescence performance and good stability in one step, greatly reducing the lead content of the nanocrystal material and enhancing the stability.

[0029] [[ID=⑨]](2) The present invention uses a novel and inexpensive SiO2 precursor material, dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS), to synthesize an all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material encapsulated with silica. The hollow mesoporous morphology reduces the loss of the luminescence performance of the internal luminescent nanocrystal material.

[0030] (3) The present invention performs PLASMA plasma treatment on the ball milling tank before high-energy ball milling to modify the surface of the ball milling tank, enhancing the surface wettability, preventing the raw materials from adsorbing on the tank wall during the ball milling process, facilitating the full mixing of the raw materials, and increasing the ball milling efficiency.

[0031] It should be noted that there is a small error in the original text where "CsM2Br5" is used without clear definition of "M". Also, in the translation of item (9), the numbering in the original text is incorrect and should be (9), which has been corrected in the translation.(4) The present invention uses a thermal spraying process. The nano-sized zinc powder is atomized and sprayed onto the inner surface of the ball milling tank by a thermal spraying gun. On the one hand, zinc (Zn) as a reducing agent can consume the oxygen in the tank during the synthesis process to ensure the product quality. On the other hand, after zinc is oxidized, the energy band gap and exciton binding energy of ZnO2 are relatively large, with high transparency and excellent room-temperature luminescence performance. It can form a heterojunction with CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 to enhance the luminescence performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 XRD of Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 nanocrystals of different DMDMS addition amounts in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 PL spectra of Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 nanocrystals of different DMDMS addition amounts in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with specific examples. The illustrative embodiments and explanations of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, a process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by high-energy ball milling method includes the following steps:

[0038] (1) First, place the ball milling jar into a PLASMA vacuum plasma processor for 10 minutes. Then take out the ball milling jar and spray nano zinc powder on the inner surface of the ball milling jar using a thermal spray gun to obtain a Zn layer with a thickness of 0.3 mm. Then, in a glove box under an N2 atmosphere, according to the capacity requirement of the ball milling jar (in this example, the total mass range of the materials to be ball milled in the ball milling jar is 2.5 g - 10 g), to prepare 5 mmol of silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 as the standard, weigh MnBr2·4H2O, NiBr2·nH2O, CdBr2, ZnBr2, CsBr, and PbBr according to the aforementioned chemical formula and preparation amount, put them into the ball milling jar, and add zirconia grinding balls according to the ball-to-material ratio of 5:1. Pad a rubber ring at the sealing end of the ball milling jar, cover the ball milling lid, and seal it well;

[0039] (2) Adjust the ball milling time of the high-energy ball mill to 5 minutes and the rotation speed to 1000 rpm, and place the ball milling jar in the high-energy ball mill for ball milling;

[0040] (3) After the first preliminary ball milling is completed, transfer the ball milling jar to the glove box, open the ball milling jar, use a spatula to scrape off the sample adhered to the wall of the ball milling jar into the jar, and then use a pipette to add 0.4 mL of oleylamine (OAm) and 0.2 mL of dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS) into the ball milling jar, and reseal the ball milling jar;

[0041] (4) Adjust the ball milling time of the high-energy ball mill to 22 minutes and the rotation speed to 1000 rpm for the second ball milling. After the ball milling is completed, transfer the ball-milled sample to a beaker, add a magnetic stir bar and toluene, cover it with plastic wrap, and place it on a magnetic stirrer to stir (10 - 20 minutes) to disperse the sample into toluene. Then, use a dropper to transfer the upper clear liquid of the dispersed sample to a centrifuge tube, centrifuge the sample for 10 minutes (rotation speed 6000 rpm), discard the upper clear liquid, add a certain amount of toluene to the centrifuge tube again, ultrasonically disperse (10 minutes) to disperse the precipitate, and then centrifuge for 10 minutes (rotation speed 10000 rpm). Repeat the above cleaning operation until the upper clear liquid shows no luminescence under ultraviolet light irradiation.

[0042] (5) The above precipitate was dried in a vacuum drying oven for 7 h (at a temperature of 70 °C), then taken out and placed in a glove box, and ground into powder using a mortar to obtain silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material Cs(Pb 1 / 5Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 (abbreviated as Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 nanocrystals).

[0043] During the ball milling process of this example, the ball milling tank moved in a three-dimensional "∞" shape, and the high-energy ball mill used was a SPEX-8000M high-energy ball mill.

[0044] Examples 2 to 5

[0045] In Examples 2 to 5, the remaining parameters were the same as those in Example 1, and the amount of dimethoxydimethylsilane added in the second ball milling in step (3) was referred to the following table:

[0046] Dosage of dimethoxydimethylsilane (mL) Example 2 0.3 Example 3 0.4 Example 4 0.5 Example 5 0.6

[0047] As Figure 2 shown, the XRD of Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 nanocrystals with different DMDMS addition amounts in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention;

[0048] As Figure 3 shown, the XRD of Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 5 Mn 1 / 5 Ni 1 / 5 Cd 1 / 5 Zn 1 / 5 )2Br5@SiO2 nanocrystal PL spectra diagram.

[0049] Figure 2 、 Figure 3 Among them, 0.2 mL of DMDMS represents Example 1, 0.3 mL of DMDMS represents Example 2, 0.4 mL of DMDMS represents Example 3, 0.5 mL of DMDMS represents Example 4, and 0.6 mL of DMDMS represents Example 5.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] Process for one-step preparation of silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by high-energy ball milling, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) First, place the ball milling jar in a PLASMA vacuum plasma processor for 10 minutes, take out the ball milling jar, and spray nano zinc powder on the inner surface of the ball milling jar using a thermal spray gun to obtain a Zn layer with a thickness of 0.2 mm; then, in a glove box under N2 atmosphere, according to the capacity requirements of the ball milling jar (in the ball milling jar, the total mass of the materials to be ball milled is 2.5 g - 10 g), taking the preparation of 5 mmol of silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material Cs(Pb 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 Ni 1 / 3 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3Ni 1 / 3 )2Br5@SiO2 as a reference, weigh MnBr2·4H2O, NiBr2·nH2O, CsBr, and PbBr2 according to the aforementioned chemical formula and preparation amount, put them into the ball milling jar, and add zirconia grinding balls according to a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1. Pad a rubber ring at the seal of the ball milling jar and cover the ball milling lid to seal it well;

[0053] (2) Adjust the ball milling time of the high-energy ball mill to 5 minutes and the rotation speed to 1000 rpm, and place the ball milling jar in the high-energy ball mill for ball milling;

[0054] (3) After the first preliminary ball milling is completed, transfer the ball milling jar to the glove box, open the ball milling jar, use a spatula to scrape off the sample adhered to the wall of the ball milling jar into the jar, and then use a pipette to add 0.4 mL of oleylamine (OAm) and 0.4 mL of dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS) into the ball milling jar, and reseal the ball milling jar tightly.

[0055] (4) Adjust the ball milling time of the high-energy ball mill to 22 min and the rotation speed to 1000 rpm for the second ball milling. After the ball milling is completed, transfer the ball-milled sample to a beaker, add a magnetic stir bar and toluene, cover it with plastic wrap, and then place it on a magnetic stirrer and stir (for 10 - 20 min) to disperse the sample in toluene. Then, use a dropper to transfer the upper clear liquid of the dispersed sample to a centrifuge tube. After centrifuging the sample for 10 min (rotation speed 6000 rpm), discard the upper clear liquid. Add a certain amount of toluene to the centrifuge tube again, ultrasonically disperse (for 10 min) to disperse the precipitate, and then centrifuge for 10 min (rotation speed 10000 rpm). Repeat the above cleaning operation until the upper clear liquid shows no luminescence under ultraviolet light irradiation.

[0056] (5) Place the above precipitate in a vacuum drying oven and dry it for 7 h (temperature 70 °C), then take it out and place it in the glove box. Use a mortar to grind it into a powder to obtain silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material Cs(Pb 1 / 3Mn 1 / 3 Ni 1 / 3 )Br3 / Cs(Pb 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 Ni 1 / 3 )2Br5@SiO2.

[0057] During the ball milling process of this example, the ball milling jar moves in a three-dimensional "∞" shape, and the high-energy ball mill used is a SPEX-8000M high-energy ball mill.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method, characterized in that: The silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material is CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2, where M is Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ and at least three of the following; The preparation process includes the following steps: (1) Ball milling tank treatment: After subjecting the ball milling tank to plasma treatment, a Zn layer is coated on the inner surface of the ball milling tank to obtain a treated ball milling tank; (2) Weighing: In a glove box, weigh the raw materials CsBr, MBr2 or / and MBr2·nH2O according to the chemical formula of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2. Put the weighed raw materials and grinding balls into the ball milling tank, seal the ball milling tank and take it out of the glove box; (3) First ball milling: Install the ball milling tank on a high-energy ball mill and perform the first ball milling; (4) Second ball milling: After the first ball milling is completed, transfer the ball milling tank to the glove box, add oleylamine and dimethoxydimethylsilane into the ball milling tank and seal it; After taking out the ball milling tank, use a high-energy ball mill for the second ball milling; (5) Cleaning: After the second ball milling is completed, take out the ball-milled material in the ball milling tank; Wash the ball-milled material with toluene to obtain a precipitate; (6) Drying and grinding: Dry and grind the precipitate to obtain the silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal material CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2.

2. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the plasma treatment process of the ball milling tank is: put the ball milling tank into a PLASMA vacuum plasma treatment instrument for treatment for 10 min; The thickness of the Zn layer on the inner surface of the ball milling tank is 0.2 mm - 0.3 mm.

3. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the MBr2 is at least one of PbBr2, ZnBr2, CdBr2; The MBr2·nH2O is at least one of MnBr2·4H2O, NiBr2·nH2O.

4. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (2), the ball-to-material ratio in the ball milling tank is 5:1; The grinding balls are one of zirconia grinding balls and high manganese steel grinding balls.

5. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the ball milling time of the first ball milling is 5 min, and the ball milling speed is 1000 rpm.

6. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the preparation amount of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 and oleylamine is 12.5 mmol: 1 mL; the preparation amount of CsMBr3 / CsM2Br5@SiO2 and dimethoxydimethylsilane is 25 mmol: 1 mL - 3 mL.

7. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (4), the ball milling time of the second ball milling is 22 min, and the ball milling speed is 1000 rpm.

8. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the cleaning process is as follows: the ball-milled material is dispersed in toluene to obtain a mixed solution; the upper solution of the mixed solution is transferred to a centrifuge tube, and after centrifugation, the upper clear liquid and the precipitate are obtained; the upper clear liquid is discarded, toluene is added to the centrifuge tube, and after ultrasonic dispersion to disperse the precipitate, centrifugation is carried out again; the above operations are repeated until the upper clear liquid has no luminescence phenomenon under ultraviolet lamp irradiation, and the cleaning is completed.

9. The process for preparing silica-coated all-inorganic high-entropy biphasic perovskite nanocrystal materials by one-step high-energy ball milling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), the precipitate is vacuum dried in a vacuum drying oven at 70 °C for 7 h; the dried precipitate is ground in a glove box.

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