A method and system for tea leaf sorting, a wind sifting device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of method and system for tea sorting, wind force screening device, it is related to tea sorting technical field, and raw material is coarsely screened using wind force screening device, and raw material is divided into unselected material, coarse screening tea stem, tea stem mixture of tea, coarse screening tea after being coarsely screened;Unselected material and tea stem mixture of tea are retransported into wind force screening device, and are coarsely screened again;Fine screening is carried out using color difference screening method, and positive selection module carries out positive selection and identifies tea stem to coarse screening tea, and reverse selection module carries out reverse selection and identifies tea to coarse screening tea stem.The first step of the application is coarsely screened by wind force, and the second step of fine screening is carried out using color difference screening method, and positive selection method is used to identify tea stem to coarse screening tea, and reverse selection method is used to identify tea to coarse screening tea stem, improve the work efficiency of tea sorting, reduce the misidentification rate of tea sorting, while increase the processing speed of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tea sorting technology, and in particular to a method and a wind-powered sorting device for tea sorting. Background Technology

[0002] In today's information-rich society, people are paying more attention to health and improving their quality of life. The tea market has an ever-increasing demand for high-quality tea. Manual sorting is not only time-consuming and requires a large amount of manpower, but also involves too many subjective factors, resulting in discrepancies between different tea varieties. Given the increasing scarcity of labor and the growing demand for tea, research into distinguishing superior tea varieties is extremely urgent.

[0003] In the tea sorting process, manual sorting is not only inefficient but also too subjective, making it impossible to achieve a completely uniform standard for the sorted tea. Therefore, people have designed devices such as stepped stem sorting machines and electrostatic stem sorting machines, but there is still a big gap between them and the actual ideal effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a system for tea sorting, which improves the efficiency of tea sorting and reduces the misidentification rate of tea sorting by using coarse and fine sieves.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, including:

[0006] A method for sorting tea leaves includes the following steps:

[0007] S1, a coarse screening unit is used to coarsely screen the raw material. After coarse screening, the raw material is divided into coarsely screened tea leaves and coarsely screened tea stems.

[0008] S2, the coarsely sieved tea leaves and coarsely sieved tea stems obtained after coarse sieving are then subjected to fine sieving; wherein...

[0009] The coarsely sieved tea leaves are then finely sieved to identify the tea stems. The identified tea stems are the finely sieved tea stems, and the remaining unidentified tea leaves are the finely sieved tea leaves.

[0010] The coarse tea stems are then finely sieved to identify the tea leaves. The identified tea leaves are the finely sieved tea leaves, while the remaining unidentified tea stems are the finely sieved tea stems.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, a color difference screening method is used for fine screening, and the color difference screening method is specifically as follows:

[0012] S21, collect the colors of several samples;

[0013] The sample is tea leaves or tea stems; if the coarsely sieved tea leaves are finely sieved, the forward color difference screening method, i.e., the forward selection method, is used, and the sample collected is tea stems; if the coarsely sieved tea stems are finely sieved, the reverse color difference screening method, i.e., the reverse selection method, is used, and the sample collected is tea leaves.

[0014] S22, convert the color of the sample to obtain the RGB and HSL values ​​of the sample;

[0015] S23, Based on the RGB and HSL values ​​of these samples, establish the standard dual color gamut of the samples;

[0016] If the sample is tea, the standard dual color gamut of tea includes: the RGB color gamut of tea. HSL color gamut of tea

[0017] In this text, the superscript "leaf" represents tea leaves, the subscript "min" represents the lower limit of the value, and the subscript "max" represents the upper limit of the value; R represents red, G represents green, B represents blue; H represents hue, S represents saturation, and L represents brightness. This represents the lower limit of the red color value of tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the red value of tea leaves. This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the green value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the hue value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the hue value for tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea leaves; This is the lower limit of the brightness value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value for tea leaves;

[0018] If the sample is a tea stem, the standard dual color gamut of the tea stem includes: the RGB color gamut of the tea stem. HSL color gamut of tea stems

[0019] The superscript "stem" indicates the tea stem. This represents the lower limit of the redness value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the red value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the green value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the upper limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea stems. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea stems; This is the lower limit of the brightness value for tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value of the tea stem;

[0020] S24, collect color data of the object to be tested;

[0021] S25, convert the color of the object to be tested to obtain the RGB value and HSL value of the object to be tested;

[0022] S26. Compare the RGB and HSL values ​​of the object to be tested with the standard dual color gamut of the corresponding sample to determine whether the object to be tested belongs to the same category as the sample.

[0023] Preferably, in step S26, if the positive selection method is used to identify the coarsely sieved tea leaves to identify the tea stems, then the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the coarsely sieved tea leaves, and the tea stems are compared, as shown below:

[0024] S201, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately.

[0025] like and Then proceed to the next step S202;

[0026] Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed;

[0027] S202, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the redness value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf Blue range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately.

[0028] like and and and This indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are tea stems, and these tea stems are then sifted out. The sifted tea stems are then the fine sieve tea stems.

[0029] Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed.

[0030] Preferably, in step S26, if the reverse selection method is used to identify the tea stems on the coarse sieve to identify the tea leaves, then the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the tea stems on the coarse sieve, is compared with that of the tea leaves, as shown below:

[0031] S211, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem Brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately.

[0032] like and Then proceed to the next step, S212;

[0033] Otherwise, it means that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends;

[0034] S212, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the red value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem Blue range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately.

[0035] like and and and This indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stems are tea leaves, and these tea leaves are then sieved out. The sieved tea leaves are then sieved out.

[0036] Otherwise, it indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends.

[0037] Preferably, in step S1, the coarse screening unit uses a wind-powered screening device to coarsely screen the raw materials. The wind-powered screening device uses the different weights of tea leaves and stems to blow air onto the raw materials, separating them from the nearest point to the farthest point from the air outlet into unscreened materials, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves. The unscreened materials and the mixture of tea leaves and stems are then fed back into the wind-powered screening device for coarse screening again.

[0038] The present invention also provides a system for sorting tea leaves, the system comprising: a coarse sieve unit and a fine sieve unit;

[0039] The coarse screening unit is used to coarsely screen the raw materials, which are then separated into coarsely screened tea leaves and coarsely screened tea stems.

[0040] The fine screening unit includes a positive selection module and a negative selection module;

[0041] The positive selection module is used to identify tea stems in the coarse sieve. The identified tea stems are the fine sieve tea stems, and the remaining unidentified tea leaves are the fine sieve tea leaves.

[0042] The reverse selection module is used to identify tea stems from the coarse sieve to identify tea leaves. The identified tea leaves are the fine sieve tea leaves, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine sieve tea stems.

[0043] Preferably, the coarse screening unit includes a coarse screening tea stem conveying channel, a coarse screening tea leaf conveying channel, a forward selection chamber, and a reverse selection chamber;

[0044] The coarse tea stem conveying channel is used to convey the coarse tea stems to the top opening of the reverse selection chamber, and the coarse tea stems enter the reverse selection chamber through the top opening of the reverse selection chamber. The coarse tea leaf conveying channel is used to convey the coarse tea leaf to the top opening of the forward selection chamber, and the coarse tea leaf enters the forward selection chamber through the top opening of the forward selection chamber.

[0045] The positive selection module is located in the positive selection chamber, and the negative selection module is located in the negative selection chamber. A diaphragm air pump is provided at the top opening of both the positive selection chamber and the negative selection chamber. A positive tea selection chamber and a positive tea stem selection chamber are also provided below the positive selection chamber, and a negative tea selection chamber and a negative tea stem selection chamber are also provided below the negative selection chamber.

[0046] The diaphragm air pump at the bottom opening of the positive selection chamber is used to blow the tea stems identified by the positive selection module (i.e., fine sieved tea stems) into the positive selection tea stem chamber, while the remaining unidentified tea leaves (i.e., fine sieved tea leaves) fall directly into the positive selection tea leaf chamber.

[0047] The diaphragm air pump at the bottom opening of the reverse selection chamber is used to blow the tea leaves identified by the reverse selection module (i.e., fine-sieved tea leaves) into the reverse tea selection chamber, while the remaining unidentified tea stems (i.e., fine-sieved tea stems) fall directly into the reverse stem selection chamber.

[0048] Preferably, the output cross-sectional area of ​​both the coarse tea stem conveying channel and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel is smaller than the corresponding input cross-sectional area; both the positive selection chamber and the negative selection chamber are placed at an angle.

[0049] The present invention also provides an air-powered screening device for coarse screening of raw materials. The air-powered screening device includes: a holding container, a feed inlet, a blower, a forward selection chamber, a reverse selection chamber, and a secondary sorting chamber.

[0050] The container has a feed inlet at the top, through which raw materials are placed. The fan is located on the side of the container, with the air outlet facing inward and blowing air along the axial direction of the container. The fan is used to blow air onto the raw materials in the container, separating them from the air outlet into unscreened materials, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves.

[0051] The bottom of the container has, from near to far from the air vent, sequentially arranged grids for unscreened materials, coarse tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and stems, and coarse tea leaves. After being blown apart, the unscreened materials, coarse tea stems, the mixture of tea leaves and stems, and coarse tea leaves fall into the corresponding grids.

[0052] The bottoms of the unscreened material grid, the coarse tea stem grid, the mixed tea stem and tea leaf grid, and the coarse tea leaf grid are respectively connected to the input ends of the unscreened material conveying channel, the coarse tea stem conveying channel, the mixed tea stem and tea leaf conveying channel, and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel.

[0053] The unscreened material conveying channel, the coarse tea stem conveying channel, the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems, and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel are all inclined channels. The top of the inclined channel corresponds to the input end, and the bottom of the inclined channel corresponds to the output end.

[0054] The output ends of the unscreened material conveying channel and the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and stems are both connected to the top opening of the secondary sorting bin, and are used to convey the unscreened material and the mixed material of tea leaves and stems to the secondary sorting bin; the output ends of the coarse tea stem conveying channel and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel are respectively connected to the reverse selection bin and the forward selection bin, and are used to convey the coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves to the reverse selection bin and the forward selection bin respectively.

[0055] Preferably, the container is cylindrical; the unscreened material conveying channel, the coarse tea stem conveying channel, the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems, and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel are sloping channels placed alternately in sequence.

[0056] The advantages of this invention are:

[0057] (1) The method of the present invention first performs a preliminary screening to obtain two parts: coarsely screened tea stems and coarsely screened tea leaves. Then, a second fine screening is performed to further obtain finely screened tea leaves and finely screened tea stems. This improves the efficiency of tea sorting and reduces the misidentification rate of tea sorting. Furthermore, during the second fine screening, the present invention identifies tea stems from the coarsely screened tea leaves and tea leaves from the coarsely screened tea stems. Therefore, the test objects to be identified in each part are all of a smaller proportion, thereby increasing the data processing speed and further improving work efficiency and reducing the misidentification rate.

[0058] (2) Since the color gamuts of tea stems and tea leaves do not overlap, this invention uses color difference screening method for fine screening, which improves the recognition rate.

[0059] (3) After collecting a large amount of sample data, a standard dual color gamut is established for the sample data. Since the color gamuts of tea stems and tea leaves do not overlap, and the S and L values ​​of tea stems and tea leaves do not change significantly, this invention prioritizes comparing the S and L values ​​when performing color difference screening. If they are the same, the RGB values ​​are then compared with the H values ​​one by one. If the S and L values ​​are different, the data is discarded directly without further comparison, thereby improving the data processing efficiency during color difference screening.

[0060] (4) The system of the present invention first performs a rapid coarse screening by a coarse screening unit, resulting in two parts: coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves. Then, a forward selection module and a reverse selection module are used to identify the coarse tea leaves and coarse tea stems, respectively, to further obtain fine tea leaves and fine tea stems. The first step of coarse screening is performed by the coarse screening unit, and the second step of fine screening is performed by the fine screening unit, which improves the efficiency of tea sorting and reduces the misidentification rate of tea sorting. Furthermore, the forward selection module identifies tea stems in the coarse tea leaves, and the reverse selection module identifies tea leaves in the coarse tea stems. Therefore, the test objects to be identified in each part are the types with a small proportion in that part, thereby increasing the data processing speed and further improving the work efficiency and reducing the misidentification rate.

[0061] (5) The coarse tea stem conveying channel and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel are sloping channels with wide inlets and narrow outlets, so as to reduce the number of coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves falling into the reverse selection chamber and the forward selection chamber respectively; the forward selection chamber and the reverse selection chamber are both placed at an angle, so as to reduce the falling speed of the coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves in the reverse selection chamber and the forward selection chamber respectively; thereby enabling the reverse selection module in the reverse selection chamber and the forward selection module in the forward selection chamber to identify each coarse tea stem and coarse tea leaf as much as possible.

[0062] (6) The present invention uses wind power for coarse screening, which is fast and accurate, and does not require manpower, thus improving work efficiency.

[0063] (7) The wind-powered screening device of the present invention uses a cylindrical container, which is beneficial to intercept the diffused tea leaves and make the blown tea leaves fall and gather on the center line of the air outlet, so that they can be easily gathered in the partition grid located at the bottom of the container. Attached Figure Description

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for sorting tea leaves.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a system structure for tea sorting.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental results of wind screening.

[0067] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure for tea sorting. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] Depend on Figure 1 As shown, a method for sorting tea leaves includes the following steps:

[0071] S1, a coarse screening unit is used to coarsely screen the raw material. After coarse screening, the raw material is divided into coarsely screened tea leaves and coarsely screened tea stems.

[0072] In this embodiment 1, the coarse screening unit uses a wind-powered screening device to coarsely screen the raw materials. The wind-powered screening device uses the different weights of tea leaves and tea stems to blow air onto the raw materials, separating the raw materials from the nearest to the farthest point from the air outlet into unscreened materials, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves. The unscreened materials and the mixture of tea leaves and tea stems are then fed back into the wind-powered screening device for coarse screening again.

[0073] S2, the coarsely sieved tea leaves and coarsely sieved tea stems obtained after coarse sieving are further sieved using a color difference screening method.

[0074] The coarse-sieved tea leaves are screened using a forward color difference screening method, also known as the forward selection method, to identify the tea stems. The identified tea stems are the fine-sieved tea stems, and the remaining unidentified tea leaves are the fine-sieved tea leaves.

[0075] The tea stems in the coarse sieve are screened using a reverse color difference screening method, also known as a reverse selection method, to identify the tea leaves. The identified tea leaves are the fine sieve tea leaves, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine sieve tea stems.

[0076] The processing procedure of the color difference screening method is as follows:

[0077] S21, Collect the colors of several samples and perform color preprocessing;

[0078] The sample is tea leaves or tea stems; if the positive selection method is used, the sample is tea stems; if the negative selection method is used, the sample is tea leaves.

[0079] S22, convert the preprocessed sample colors to obtain the RGB and HSL values ​​of the sample;

[0080] S23, Based on the RGB and HSL values ​​of these samples, establish the standard dual color gamut of the samples;

[0081] If the sample is tea, the standard dual color gamut of tea includes: the RGB color gamut of tea. HSL color gamut of tea

[0082] In this text, the superscript "leaf" represents tea leaves, the subscript "min" represents the lower limit of the value, and the subscript "max" represents the upper limit of the value; R represents red, G represents green, B represents blue; H represents hue, S represents saturation, and L represents brightness. This represents the lower limit of the red color value of tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the red value of tea leaves. This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the green value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the hue value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the hue value for tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea leaves; This is the lower limit of the brightness value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value for tea leaves;

[0083] If the sample is a tea stem, the standard dual color gamut of the tea stem includes: the RGB color gamut of the tea stem. HSL color gamut of tea stems

[0084] The superscript "stem" indicates the tea stem. This represents the lower limit of the redness value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the red value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the green value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the upper limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea stems. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea stems; This is the lower limit of the brightness value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value of the tea stem;

[0085] S24, collect the color of the object to be tested and perform color processing;

[0086] S25, convert the processed color of the object to be tested to obtain the RGB value and HSL value of the object to be tested;

[0087] S26. Compare the RGB and HSL values ​​of the object to be tested with the standard dual color gamut of the sample to determine whether the object to be tested belongs to the same category as the sample.

[0088] In step S26, if the positive selection method is used to identify the tea stems in the coarse-sieved tea leaves, the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the coarse-sieved tea leaves, is compared with that of the tea stems, as shown below:

[0089] S201, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately.

[0090] like and Then proceed to the next step S202;

[0091] Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed;

[0092] S202, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the redness value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leafBlue range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately.

[0093] like and and and This indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are tea stems, and these tea stems are then sifted out. The sifted tea stems are then the fine sieve tea stems.

[0094] Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed.

[0095] In step S26, if the reverse selection method is used to identify the tea stems on the coarse sieve in order to identify the tea leaves, then the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the tea stems on the coarse sieve, is compared with that of the tea leaves, as shown below:

[0096] Preferably, in step S26, if the reverse selection method is used to identify the tea stems on the coarse sieve to identify the tea leaves, then the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the tea stems on the coarse sieve, is compared with that of the tea leaves, as shown below:

[0097] S211, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem Brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately.

[0098] like and Then proceed to the next step, S212;

[0099] Otherwise, it means that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends;

[0100] S212, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the red value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem Blue range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately.

[0101] like and and and This indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stems are tea leaves, and these tea leaves are then sieved out. The sieved tea leaves are then sieved out.

[0102] Otherwise, it indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends.

[0103] In this embodiment 1, the sensor used for color acquisition is the TCS3472. The TCS3472 can acquire data values ​​for red, yellow, blue (RGB) and clear light (C) and feed them back to the receiver. This chip integrates a filter for blocking infrared light with a color-sensing photodiode for positioning, which minimizes the infrared spectrum of the incident light, thereby achieving accurate color measurement. The TCS3472 features high sensitivity for color detection, a wide dynamic range for acquired samples, and the ability to enter a low-power state during measurement intervals.

[0104] The TCS3472 uses I2C communication, and the sensor driver circuit is designed with an I2C communication line, allowing direct connection and communication with embedded devices. Considering the color acquisition is conducted in a closed environment without natural light, dual full-spectrum white LEDs are used as the light source to provide illumination. The lighting circuit uses full-spectrum white LEDs to ensure that the color data acquired by the TCS3472 sensor is closer to the true colors. The two LEDs are connected in parallel, and the on / off state of the LEDs is controlled by an N-channel MOSFET. A thermistor is connected in series to improve circuit safety and prevent accidents caused by overheating.

[0105] The TCS3472 sensor provides RGB values ​​and a clear light source value (C). The clear light source value (C) is only used as an auxiliary reference and is not involved in the tea color gamut analysis. However, it is difficult to intuitively perceive color differences using only RGB values. Therefore, this invention uses HSL values ​​to assist in color reading and comparison, in order to more accurately determine the color of tea leaves and tea stems. HSL stands for Hue, Saturation, and Lightness, which are equivalent to the spatial rectangular coordinate system of a color system. HSL values ​​can be obtained by converting RGB values.

[0106] In this embodiment 1, color data is collected from a large number of samples. The collected sample data is processed by a microcontroller to generate RGB and HSL values. After a large amount of data collection, statistical analysis is performed on the data to establish a standard dual color gamut for color difference screening.

[0107] In this embodiment 1, after extensive data collection, the RGB color gamut of tea stems was determined to be (100-130, 110-140, 100-120); the HSL color gamut of tea stems was (130-150, 17, 31); the RGB color gamut of tea leaves was (70-80, 85-90, 210-230); and the HSL color gamut of tea leaves was (70-80, 35, 29). Statistical analysis revealed no overlap in the color gamuts of tea stems and tea leaves, and the S and L values ​​of tea stems and tea leaves remained essentially unchanged. Therefore, in this embodiment 1, when performing color difference screening, the S and L values ​​are compared first. If they are the same, the RGB and H values ​​are then compared one by one. If the S and L values ​​are different, the data is discarded without further comparison, thus improving the data processing efficiency during tea color sorting.

[0108] In addition, after rapid coarse sieving by the wind-powered screening device, two parts are obtained: coarsely sieved tea stems and coarsely sieved tea leaves. This invention uses two color difference screening modules to identify the coarsely sieved tea stems and tea leaves respectively. The coarsely sieved tea leaves are identified using a forward selection method to distinguish tea stems; the coarsely sieved tea stems are identified using a reverse selection method to distinguish tea leaves. Therefore, the test objects to be identified in each part are all of a relatively small proportion, thereby increasing data processing speed, improving work efficiency, and reducing the false identification rate.

[0109] Example 2

[0110] Depend on Figure 2 As shown, a wind-powered screening device for tea sorting is used to coarsely screen raw materials. The wind-powered screening device includes: a container 1, a feed inlet 2, a blower 3, a partition grid 4, a partitioned conveyor channel 5, a forward selection chamber 6, a reverse selection chamber 7, and a secondary sorting chamber 8.

[0111] The container 1 has a feed inlet 2 at the top, through which raw materials are placed into the container 1, and the feed inlet 2 is located on the side close to the fan 3.

[0112] The blower 3 is located on the side of the container 1, with the air outlet facing the inside of the container 1 and blowing air along the axial direction of the container 1; the blower 3 is used to blow the raw material in the container 1, and the raw material is blown into unscreened material, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves in order from the closest to the farthest distance from the air outlet; the container 1 is provided with a ventilation net on the side away from the air outlet.

[0113] The bottom of the container 1 has, from near to far from the air vent, sequentially arranged the following grids: unscreened material grid 41, coarse tea stem grid 42, mixed tea and tea stem material grid 43, and coarse tea leaf grid 44. The material blown into the air vent is divided into unscreened material, coarse tea stem, mixed tea and tea stem, and coarse tea leaf, which fall into the corresponding grids: unscreened material grid 41, coarse tea stem grid 42, mixed tea and tea stem material grid 43, and coarse tea leaf grid 44.

[0114] The bottoms of the material grid 41, the coarse tea stem grid 42, the mixed material grid of tea leaves and tea stems 43, and the coarse tea leaf grid 44 are respectively connected to the input ends of the unscreened material conveying channels 51, 52, 53, and 54.

[0115] The unscreened material conveying channel 51, the coarse tea stem conveying channel 52, the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems 53, and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel 54 are all inclined channels. The top of the inclined channel corresponds to the input end, and the bottom of the inclined channel corresponds to the output end.

[0116] The output ends of the unscreened material conveying channel 51 and the mixed material conveying channel 53 for tea leaves and stems are both connected to the top opening of the secondary sorting chamber 8, and are used to convey the unscreened material and the mixed material for tea leaves and stems to the secondary sorting chamber 8; the output ends of the coarse tea stem conveying channel 52 and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel 54 are respectively connected to the reverse selection chamber 7 and the forward selection chamber 6, and are used to convey the coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves to the reverse selection chamber 7 and the forward selection chamber 6 respectively.

[0117] In this embodiment 2, in a closed, windless, and vibration-free environment, the wind-powered screening device is located on a horizontal plane, using a CAIZHU-FAN DC12V silent blower as the wind source. The wind force of the blower is maintained by controlling the voltage of the power supply. Experimental data is obtained by blowing a certain number of sample tea leaves, providing data support for the research on wind-powered screening.

[0118] The experimental parameters are as follows: power supply voltage is 12V, blower outlet size is 1cm*0.5cm, sample tea is Huoshan Huangya, and the feeding method is to let the sample tea fall freely from the outlet.

[0119] Experimental results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3Figures 3a, 3b, and 3c show the results of three experiments. The experiments revealed that the tea leaves in the samples gradually increased in volume from the air outlet towards the source, exhibiting a fan-shaped distribution, with a small amount of tea leaves clustered within 5 cm of the outlet. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the size of the tea leaves on either side of the 16–19 cm region. To determine the position of each grid, numerous experiments were conducted, yielding the results shown in Table 1 below.

[0120] Table 1. Probability of tea leaf distribution at different distances from the air outlet.

[0121] Distance from air outlet / cm Number of pieces percentage 16 7 11.8％ 17 23 38.3％ 18 20 33.3％ 19 8 13.3％ 20 2 3.3％

[0122] Based on the data in Table 1 above, the percentage calculation method is to divide the tea leaves falling in the mixing zone by the total number of samples in the repeated air-separation experiment in the mixing zone. It can be concluded that the dividing line is generally between 17 and 18 cm, with a small portion of the dividing line located between 16 and 19 cm. The experiment also found that the tea leaves were relatively disordered within 5 cm of the air outlet. After repeated experiments and observations, it was found that the wind was strong in this area, preventing the tea leaves from staying in place. The falling tea leaves were due to their excessively fast falling speed, causing them to drift away from the air outlet and not be blown away. Therefore, the positions of each grid were set as follows: grid 41 for unscreened materials was located in the area 0-6 cm from the air outlet; grid 42 for coarsely screened tea stems was located in the area 6-16 cm from the air outlet; grid 43 for the mixture of tea leaves and tea stems was located in the area 16-19 cm from the air outlet; and grid 44 for coarsely screened tea leaves was located in the area more than 19 cm from the air outlet.

[0123] Based on the above experimental results, it was also found that the fan-shaped area and arc of the tea distribution were too large. Therefore, the present invention adopts a cylindrical container 1, which is conducive to intercepting the diffused tea leaves and causing the blown tea leaves to fall and gather on the center line of the air vent, so as to facilitate their gathering in the partition grid 4 located at the bottom of the container 1.

[0124] The unscreened material conveying channel 51, the coarse tea stem conveying channel 52, the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems 53, and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel 54 are sloping channels placed in a crisscross pattern. The top of each sloping channel corresponds to the input end of the channel, and the bottom of each sloping channel corresponds to the output end of the channel. Furthermore, both the coarse tea stem conveying channel 52 and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel 54 are sloping channels with wide inlets and narrow outlets.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] A system for sorting tea leaves includes: a coarse sieve unit and a fine sieve unit;

[0127] The coarse screening unit is used to coarsely screen the raw materials, which are then separated into coarsely screened tea leaves and coarsely screened tea stems. In this embodiment 3, the coarse screening unit uses the wind-powered screening device of embodiment 2 to coarsely screen the raw materials. The wind-powered screening device utilizes the different weights of tea leaves and tea stems to blow air onto the raw materials, separating them sequentially from the nearest to the farthest point from the air outlet into unscreened materials, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves.

[0128] Depend on Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the coarse tea stem conveying channel 52 conveys the coarse tea stems to the top opening of the reverse selection chamber 7, and the coarse tea stems enter the reverse selection chamber 7 through the top opening of the reverse selection chamber 7.

[0129] The coarse tea conveying channel 54 is used to convey the coarse tea to the top opening of the selection chamber 6. The coarse tea enters the selection chamber 6 through the top opening of the selection chamber 6.

[0130] The fine sieving unit includes a forward selection module 21 and a reverse selection module 22. Both the forward selection module 21 and the reverse selection module 22 use color difference sieving methods for identification. The forward selection module 21 uses a forward color difference sieving method, i.e., the forward selection method. The target of the forward selection method is tea stems. The identified tea stems are the fine sieving tea stems, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine sieving tea leaves. The reverse selection module 22 uses a reverse color difference sieving method, i.e., the reverse selection method. The target of the reverse selection method is tea leaves. The identified tea leaves are the fine sieving tea leaves, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine sieving tea stems. In this embodiment 3, the forward selection method of the forward selection module 21 and the reverse selection method of the reverse selection module 22 specifically adopt the method of embodiment 1.

[0131] The positive selection module 21 is located in the positive selection chamber 6, and the negative selection module 22 is located in the negative selection chamber 7. A diaphragm air pump 9 is provided at the top opening of both the positive selection chamber 6 and the negative selection chamber 7. A positive tea selection chamber 61 and a positive tea stem selection chamber 62 are also provided below the positive selection chamber 6, and a negative tea selection chamber 71 and a negative tea stem selection chamber 72 are also provided below the negative selection chamber 7.

[0132] The diaphragm air pump 9 at the top opening of the positive selection chamber 6 is used to blow the tea stems (fine sieve tea stems) identified by the positive selection module 21 to the positive selection tea stem chamber 62, and the remaining unidentified tea leaves (fine sieve tea leaves) fall directly to the positive selection tea leaf chamber 61; the diaphragm air pump 9 at the top opening of the negative selection chamber 7 is used to blow the tea leaves (fine sieve tea leaves) identified by the negative selection module 22 to the negative selection tea leaf chamber 71, and the remaining unidentified tea stems (fine sieve tea stems) fall directly to the negative selection tea stem chamber 72.

[0133] In this embodiment 3, the diaphragm air pump 9 is model EDZP02. The coarse tea stem conveying channel 52 and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel 54 are sloping channels with wide inlets and narrow outlets to reduce the number of coarse tea stems and leaves falling into the reverse selection chamber 7 and the forward selection chamber 6 respectively. The forward selection chamber 6 and the reverse selection chamber 7 are both placed at an angle to reduce the falling speed of the coarse tea stems and leaves in the reverse selection chamber 7 and the forward selection chamber 6 respectively. This allows the reverse selection module 22 in the reverse selection chamber 7 and the forward selection module 21 in the forward selection chamber 6 to identify each coarse tea stem and leaf as much as possible.

[0134] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for sorting tea leaves, characterized in that the system... include: Coarse screening unit, fine screening unit; The coarse screening unit is used to coarsely screen the raw materials, which are then separated into coarsely screened tea leaves and coarsely screened tea stems. The fine screening unit includes a positive selection module (21) and a negative selection module (22); The positive selection module (21) is used to identify the coarse tea leaves to identify the tea stems. The identified tea stems are the fine tea stems, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine tea leaves. The reverse selection module (22) is used to identify the coarse tea stems in order to identify the tea leaves. The identified tea leaves are the fine tea leaves, and the remaining unidentified ones are the fine tea stems. The coarse screening unit includes a coarse screening tea stem conveying channel (52), a coarse screening tea leaf conveying channel (54), a forward selection chamber (6), and a reverse selection chamber (7); The coarse tea stem conveying channel (52) is used to convey the coarse tea stems to the top opening of the reverse selection chamber (7), and the coarse tea stems enter the reverse selection chamber (7) through the top opening of the reverse selection chamber (7). The coarse tea leaf conveying channel (54) is used to convey the coarse tea leaf to the top opening of the forward selection chamber (6), and the coarse tea leaf enters the forward selection chamber (6) through the top opening of the forward selection chamber (6). The positive selection module (21) is located in the positive selection chamber (6), and the negative selection module (22) is located in the negative selection chamber (7). A diaphragm air pump (9) is provided at the top opening of both the positive selection chamber (6) and the negative selection chamber (7). A positive tea selection chamber (61) and a positive tea stem selection chamber (62) are also provided below the positive selection chamber (6), and a negative tea selection chamber (71) and a negative tea stem selection chamber (72) are also provided below the negative selection chamber (7). The diaphragm air pump (9) at the bottom opening of the positive selection chamber (6) is used to blow the tea stems identified by the positive selection module (21), i.e. the fine sieve tea stems, into the positive selection tea stem chamber (62), while the remaining unidentified fine sieve tea leaves fall directly into the positive selection tea leaf chamber (61). The diaphragm air pump (9) at the bottom opening of the reverse selection chamber (7) is used to blow the tea leaves identified by the reverse selection module (22), i.e. fine sieve tea leaves, into the reverse tea selection chamber (71), while the remaining unidentified tea stems fall directly into the reverse tea stem selection chamber (72). The cross-sectional area of ​​the output end of the coarse tea stem conveying channel (52) and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel (54) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding input end; the positive selection chamber (6) and the negative selection chamber (7) are both placed at an angle; The coarse screening unit uses a wind-powered screening device to coarsely screen the raw materials. The wind-powered screening device uses the different weights of tea leaves and tea stems to blow air onto the raw materials, separating them from the nearest point to the farthest point from the air outlet into unscreened materials, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves. The unscreened materials and the mixture of tea leaves and tea stems are then fed back into the wind-powered screening device for coarse screening again. The fine screening unit uses a color difference screening method for fine screening, which is specifically as follows: S21, collect the colors of several samples; The sample is tea leaves or tea stems; if the coarsely sieved tea leaves are finely sieved, the forward color difference screening method, i.e., the forward selection method, is used, and the sample collected is tea stems; if the coarsely sieved tea stems are finely sieved, the reverse color difference screening method, i.e., the reverse selection method, is used, and the sample collected is tea leaves. S22, convert the color of the sample to obtain the RGB and HSL values ​​of the sample; S23. Based on the RGB and HSL values ​​of these samples, establish the standard dual color gamut of the samples.

2. The system for sorting tea leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the sample is tea, the standard dual color gamut of tea includes: the RGB color gamut of tea. HSL color gamut of tea Wherein, the superscript leaf represents tea leaves, the subscript min represents the lower limit of the value, and the subscript max represents the upper limit of the value; R represents red, G represents green, B represents blue; H represents hue, S represents saturation, and L represents brightness; This represents the lower limit of the red color value of tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the red value of tea leaves. This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the green value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the blue value of tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the hue value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the hue value for tea leaves; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea leaves. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea leaves; This is the lower limit of the brightness value of tea leaves; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value for tea leaves; If the sample is a tea stem, the standard dual color gamut of the tea stem includes: the RGB color gamut of the tea stem. HSL color gamut of tea stems The superscript "stem" indicates the tea stem. This represents the lower limit of the redness value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the red value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the green value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the green value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the blue value for tea stems; This represents the lower limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the upper limit of the hue value of the tea stem; This represents the lower limit of the saturation value for tea stems. This represents the upper limit of the saturation value for tea stems; This is the lower limit of the brightness value of tea stems; This represents the upper limit of the brightness value for tea stems; S24, collect color data of the object to be tested; S25, convert the color of the object to be tested to obtain the RGB value and HSL value of the object to be tested; S26. Compare the RGB and HSL values ​​of the object to be tested with the standard dual color gamut of the corresponding sample to determine whether the object to be tested belongs to the same category as the sample.

3. A system for sorting tea leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S26, if the positive selection method is used to identify the tea stems in the coarse-sieved tea leaves, the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the coarse-sieved tea leaves, is compared with that of the tea stems, as shown below: S201, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately. like and Then proceed to the next step S202; Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed; S202, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea leaves. leaf Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea stems And the redness value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea leaves leaf Blue range in the RGB color gamut of tea stems Compare them separately. like and and and This indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are tea stems, and these tea stems are then sifted out. The sifted tea stems are then the fine sieve tea stems. Otherwise, it indicates that the tea leaves in the coarse sieve are not tea stems, and the screening of the tea leaves in the coarse sieve is completed.

4. A system for sorting tea leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S26, if the reverse selection method is used to identify the tea stems on the coarse sieve in order to identify the tea leaves, the standard two-color gamut of the test object, i.e., the tea stems on the coarse sieve, is compared with that of the tea leaves, as shown below: S211, the saturation value St of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Saturation range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the brightness value Lt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem Brightness range in the HSL color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately. like and Then proceed to the next step, S212; Otherwise, it means that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends; S212, the hue value Ht of the coarsely sieved tea stems. stem Hue range in the HSL color gamut of tea And the red value Rt of the coarsely sieved tea stems stem The red range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Green value (Gt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem The green range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves The blue value (Bt) of coarsely sieved tea stems stem Blue range in the RGB color gamut of tea leaves Compare them separately. like and and and This indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stems are tea leaves, and these tea leaves are then sieved out. The sieved tea leaves are then sieved out. Otherwise, it indicates that the coarsely sieved tea stem is not tea, and the screening of the coarsely sieved tea stem ends.

5. A wind-powered screening device suitable for the system described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wind screening device is used to coarsely screen raw materials. The wind screening device includes: a container (1), a feed inlet (2), a blower (3), a forward selection chamber (6), a reverse selection chamber (7), and a secondary sorting chamber (8). The top of the container (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2), through which the raw material is placed into the container (1); the blower (3) is located on the side of the container (1), with the air outlet facing into the container (1) and blowing air along the axial direction of the container (1); the blower (3) is used to blow air into the raw material in the container (1), and the raw material is blown into the air outlet from near to far and into unscreened material, coarsely screened tea stems, a mixture of tea leaves and tea stems, and coarsely screened tea leaves; The bottom of the container (1) is provided with, from near to far from the air vent, an unscreened material grid (41), a coarse tea stem grid (42), a mixed tea and tea stem grid (43), and a coarse tea grid (44); the unscreened material, coarse tea stem, mixed tea and tea stem, and coarse tea after blowing fall into the unscreened material grid (41), coarse tea stem grid (42), mixed tea and tea stem grid (43), and coarse tea grid (44) respectively. The bottoms of the unscreened material grid (41), the coarse tea stem grid (42), the mixed material grid of tea leaves and tea stems (43), and the coarse tea grid (44) are respectively connected to the input ends of the unscreened material conveying channel (51), the coarse tea stem conveying channel (52), the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems (53), and the coarse tea conveying channel (54). The unscreened material conveying channel (51), the coarse tea stem conveying channel (52), the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems (53), and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel (54) are all inclined channels. The top of the inclined channel corresponds to the input end, and the bottom of the inclined channel corresponds to the output end. The output ends of the unscreened material conveying channel (51) and the mixed material conveying channel (53) for tea leaves and stems are both connected to the top opening of the secondary sorting chamber (8) to convey the unscreened material and the mixed material for tea leaves and stems to the secondary sorting chamber (8); the output ends of the coarse tea stem conveying channel (52) and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel (54) are respectively connected to the reverse selection chamber (7) and the forward selection chamber (6) to convey the coarse tea stems and coarse tea leaves to the reverse selection chamber (7) and the forward selection chamber (6) respectively.

6. The wind-powered sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The container (1) is cylindrical; the unscreened material conveying channel (51), the coarse tea stem conveying channel (52), the mixed material conveying channel of tea leaves and tea stems (53), and the coarse tea leaf conveying channel (54) are sloping channels placed in a crisscross pattern.

Images