Gearbox, transmission chain and wind turbine generator set

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gearbox, a transmission chain and a wind turbine generator set. The gearbox includes a differential planetary stage, a quasi-planetary stage and a basic planetary stage gear set arranged in sequence, and also includes an input shaft, an output shaft and a main bearing; the quasi-planetary stage is arranged inside the main bearing, the input shaft is connected and fixed with the inner ring of the bearing and the wheel hub, the quasi-planetary stage planetary frame is connected and fixed with the outer ring of the bearing and the main frame; the output shaft is connected and fixed with the generator rotor, and the generator stator is connected and fixed with the rear housing of the gearbox. The gearbox adopts differential planetary and quasi-planetary gear transmission to realize power splitting, with high power density and high reliability; the quasi-planetary stage of the gearbox is arranged inside the main bearing, so that the differential planetary stage of the gearbox is arranged in the rear cavity of the wheel hub, and the basic planetary stage of the gearbox and the generator are arranged in the front cavity of the main frame, which effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain, reduces the bending moment of the wind wheel on the tower, and thus reduces the overall cost of the wind turbine generator set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gear box, a transmission chain and a wind power generator set. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, wind power generation technology has developed rapidly, but due to the high prices of rare earth permanent magnet materials, copper, silicon steel and other materials, the cost of generators is too high, especially for direct-drive units. In order to reduce the cost of wind turbines, semi-direct-drive units have emerged and are developing rapidly, especially when the units are large-scale, their advantages are more evident. In the current semi-direct-drive transmission chain, there are two structural forms: one is a single bearing (double-row tapered bearing) and gearbox integrated solution, and the other is a double bearing (two single-row tapered bearings) and gearbox integrated solution.

[0003] A single double-row tapered bearing is directly connected to the hub and gearbox. The gearbox and generator are arranged between the hub and the tower. There is no main shaft and the structure is compact. However, the distance between the hub center and the tower center is large, and the bending moment generated by the weight of the wind wheel on the tower is large. A two-stage gear transmission is adopted, the speed ratio is about 20 to 25, and the generator speed is between 200 and 300. The volume of the generator is still large and the cost is high. Two single-row tapered bearings are arranged in an integrated bearing seat design, and the entire shaft system is arranged directly above the tower. The problems with this structure are: the shaft system is long, the main shaft and bearing seat are required, and the structure is complex. In addition, two single-row tapered bearings are used, which require hot installation and single clamping rings. The assembly process is complicated, making the entire structure complex and the overall cost relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art that the wind turbine generator set is large in size, high in cost and has a large bending moment generated by the wind wheel on the tower, and to provide a gear box, a transmission chain and a wind turbine generator set.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A gearbox, the gearbox comprising a differential planetary, quasi-planetary and basic planetary gear sets arranged in sequence, the gearbox also comprising an input shaft and an output shaft;

[0007] The differential planetary gear set includes a differential planetary ring gear, a differential planetary planetary gear, a differential planetary sun gear and a differential planetary planet carrier, the input shaft is connected to the differential planetary planet carrier, and the differential planetary planetary gear is fixed to the differential planetary planet carrier through a rotating shaft; the quasi-planetary gear set includes a quasi-planetary ring gear, a quasi-planetary planetary gear, a quasi-planetary sun gear and a quasi-planetary planet carrier, the quasi-planetary planet carrier is fixed, the input shaft is connected to the quasi-planetary ring gear, and the quasi-planetary sun gear is connected to the differential planetary ring gear;

[0008] The basic planetary gear set includes a basic planetary ring gear, a basic planetary planetary gear, a basic planetary sun gear and a basic planetary carrier. The basic planetary ring gear is connected to the quasi-planetary carrier, the differential planetary sun gear is connected to the basic planetary carrier, and the basic planetary sun gear is connected to the output shaft.

[0009] In this scheme, after the power from the wheel hub is transmitted to the input shaft, part of it is transmitted to the quasi-planetary ring gear and part of it is transmitted to the differential planetary planet carrier; the power transmitted to the quasi-planetary ring gear is transmitted to the differential planetary ring gear through the sun gear after the quasi-planetary gear transmission increases the speed and reduces the torque; the power of the differential planetary planet carrier and the power of the differential planetary ring gear are combined and output through the differential planetary sun gear. The gearbox adopts differential planetary and quasi-planetary gear transmission to realize power splitting and converging, which reduces the load of the quasi-planetary ring gear and the diameter of the quasi-planetary ring gear; the power density of the gearbox is increased, the volume is reduced, and the reliability is improved; thereby reducing the overall cost of the gearbox.

[0010] Preferably, the gearbox further comprises a double-row tapered bearing, the input shaft of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing, and the outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing is fixedly connected to the quasi-planetary planet carrier.

[0011] In this solution, the gearbox is arranged inside the double-row tapered bearing, which reduces the bearing seat, effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain, and reduces the overall cost.

[0012] Preferably, each planetary gear of the differential planetary stage and the quasi-planetary stage is loaded by a flexible pin structure, the flexible pin shaft of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with its corresponding planetary carrier, the pin sleeve of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with the flexible pin shaft, and the pin sleeve is used to support the planetary wheel bearings and planetary wheels of the corresponding planetary gear system.

[0013] In this scheme, when the two tangential forces of the ring gear and the sun gear of each planetary gear system are applied to the planetary gear, the angular winding caused by the bending of the cantilevered flexible pin on the planetary carrier can be offset by the angular winding caused by the bending of the cantilevered pin sleeve at the other end of the flexible pin in the opposite direction, so that each planetary gear floats in parallel, and the load is evenly distributed among each planetary gear, achieving load balancing and thereby increasing the life of the gear.

[0014] Preferably, the quasi-planetary sun gear is connected to the differential planetary ring gear via a conical disk, and the quasi-planetary sun gear and the differential planetary ring gear are integrated and are both floating parts.

[0015] In this solution, the quasi-planetary sun gear and the differential planetary ring gear are connected by a conical disk, and the connection structure is simple. By setting the quasi-planetary sun gear and the differential planetary ring gear as floating parts, the tooth surface contact is more uniform and the force is better, thereby improving the reliability of the gear set.

[0016] Preferably, the gearbox adopts three-stage transmission, and the total transmission ratio of the gearbox can reach 50-100.

[0017] In this solution, multi-stage transmission is adopted to improve the overall transmission ratio of the gearbox, so that the gearbox can adapt to various working environments, increase the output speed of the gearbox, reduce the output torque, make the generator smaller, and effectively reduce the cost of the generator.

[0018] A transmission chain comprises the gear box as described above, and further comprises a generator, wherein the generator comprises a rotor, and the rotor is connected to the output shaft.

[0019] In this solution, the engine rotor in the transmission chain is directly connected to the output shaft, which effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain and reduces the volume of the transmission chain.

[0020] A wind generator set comprises the transmission chain mentioned above and a hub connected to the input shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the wind turbine generator set further comprises a main frame, and the main frame is connected to the quasi-planetary planetary frame. The gearbox differential planetary gear set is arranged in the rear cavity of the hub, and the basic planetary gear set is arranged in the front cavity of the main frame.

[0022] In this solution, the differential planetary gear set is arranged in the rear cavity of the hub, and the basic planetary gear set is arranged in the front cavity of the main frame, which reduces the volume occupied by the transmission part of the entire wind turbine generator set and reduces the cost of the transmission part of the wind turbine generator set. At the same time, the main frame, quasi-planetary frame flange, and main bearing outer ring of the wind turbine generator set are fixed together, shortening the distance between the center of the hub and the center of the tower, and reducing the bending moment caused by the weight of the wind rotor on the tower.

[0023] Preferably, the wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking disk, which is located between the hub and the gear box, and the input shaft is fixedly connected to the wind rotor locking disk, the hub and the inner ring of the bearing; the wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking pin seat, which is located at the front end of the main bearing and is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the main bearing, the differential planetary stage planetary frame flange and the main frame.

[0024] Preferably, the gearbox is also provided with a rear housing, one end of the rear housing is fixedly connected to the basic planetary ring gear and the quasi-planetary planetary carrier, and the other end of the rear housing is connected to the stator of the generator, and the diameter of the rear housing and the generator is smaller than the diameter of the front flange of the main frame; the output shaft is connected to the third sun gear via a spline.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are: the gearbox adopts differential planetary and quasi-planetary gear transmission to realize power splitting, with high power density and high reliability; the quasi-planetary stage of the gearbox is arranged inside the main bearing, so that the differential planetary stage of the gearbox is arranged in the rear cavity of the hub, and the basic planetary stage of the gearbox and the generator are arranged in the front cavity of the main frame, which effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain, reduces the bending moment of the wind wheel on the tower, and thereby reduces the overall cost of the wind turbine generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is an overall schematic diagram of the transmission structure of a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of Reference Numerals

[0029] Gearbox 1

[0030] Input shaft 11

[0031] Output shaft 12

[0032] Differential planetary gear set 100

[0033] Differential Planetary Ring Gear 101

[0034] Differential planetary gear 102

[0035] Differential planetary sun gear 103

[0036] Differential planetary carrier 104

[0037] Quasi-planetary gear set 200

[0038] Quasi-planetary gear ring 201

[0039] Quasi-planetary gear 202

[0040] Quasi-planetary sun gear 203

[0041] Quasi-planetary planet carrier 204

[0042] Basic planetary gear set 300

[0043] Basic planetary gear ring 301

[0044] Basic planetary gear 302

[0045] Basic planetary sun gear 303

[0046] Basic planetary carrier 304

[0047] Double row tapered bearings 13

[0048] Conical disc 14

[0049] Generator 2

[0050] Rotor 20

[0051] Stator 21

[0052] Wheel 3

[0053] Main frame 4

[0054] Wind wheel locking plate 5

[0055] Wind wheel locking pin seat 6

[0056] Gear box rear housing 7 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0058] A gear box 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gearbox 1 includes a differential planetary gear set 100, a quasi-planetary gear set 200 and a basic planetary gear set 300 which are arranged in sequence, and the gearbox 1 also includes an input shaft 11 and an output shaft 12;

[0059] The differential planetary gear set 100 includes a differential planetary gear ring 101, a differential planetary gear 102, a differential planetary gear sun gear 103 and a differential planetary gear carrier 104. The input shaft 11 is connected to the differential planetary gear carrier 104. The differential planetary gear 102 is fixed to the differential planetary gear carrier 104 through a rotating shaft. The quasi-planetary gear set 200 includes a quasi-planetary gear ring 201, a quasi-planetary gear 202, a quasi-planetary gear sun gear 203 and a quasi-planetary gear carrier 204. The quasi-planetary gear carrier 204 is connected and fixed to the outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13 and the main frame 4 of the wind turbine generator set. The quasi-planetary gear ring 201 is connected to the input shaft 11, and the quasi-planetary gear sun gear 203 is connected to the differential planetary gear ring 101.

[0060] The basic planetary gear set 300 includes a basic planetary ring gear 301, a basic planetary planetary gear 302, a basic planetary sun gear 303 and a basic planetary carrier 304. The basic planetary ring gear 301 is connected to the quasi-planetary carrier 204, the differential planetary sun gear 103 is connected to the basic planetary carrier 304, the basic planetary planetary gear 302 is arranged on the basic planetary carrier 304, and the third sun gear 303 is connected to the output shaft 12.

[0061] In this embodiment, the gearbox 1 is composed of a closed planetary gear transmission and a first-stage planetary gear transmission, wherein the closed planetary gear transmission is composed of a first-stage differential planetary gear transmission and a first-stage quasi-planetary gear transmission, and belongs to a power split type transmission.

[0062] In the embodiment, after the power from the wheel hub 3 is transmitted to the input shaft 11, part of it is transmitted to the quasi-planetary ring gear 201, and part of it is transmitted to the differential planetary planetary carrier 104; the power transmitted to the quasi-planetary ring gear 201 is transmitted to the differential planetary ring gear 101 through the quasi-planetary sun gear 203 after the quasi-planetary gear transmission increases the speed and reduces the torque; the power of the differential planetary planetary carrier 104 is combined and output with the power of the differential planetary ring gear 101 through the differential planetary sun gear 103. The gearbox adopts differential planetary and quasi-planetary gear transmission to realize power splitting and converging, reduces the load of the quasi-planetary ring gear, and reduces the diameter of the quasi-planetary ring gear; the power density of the gearbox is increased, the volume is reduced, and the reliability is improved; thereby reducing the overall cost of the gearbox.

[0063] In this embodiment, the gearbox 1 further includes a double-row tapered bearing 13, the input shaft 11 of the gearbox 1 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13, and the outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the differential planetary stage carrier 104. The gearbox 1 is arranged inside the double-row tapered bearing 13, there is only one double-row tapered bearing 13, and it is integrated with the gearbox 1, which reduces the bearing seat, effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain, and reduces the overall cost.

[0064] In this embodiment, each planetary gear of the differential planetary gear 102 and the quasi-planetary gear 202 adopts a flexible pin structure for load balancing, the flexible pin shaft of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with its corresponding planetary carrier, the pin sleeve of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with the flexible pin shaft, and the pin sleeve is used to support the planetary bearing and planetary gear of the corresponding planetary gear system. When the two tangential forces of the ring gear and the sun gear of each planetary gear system are applied to the planetary gear, the angle winding caused by the bending of the cantilevered flexible pin shaft on the planetary carrier can be offset by the angle winding caused by the bending of the cantilevered pin sleeve at the other end of the flexible pin shaft in the opposite direction, so that each planetary gear floats in parallel, and then the load is evenly distributed between each planetary gear, achieving load balancing, and thus improving the life of the gear.

[0065] In this embodiment, the quasi-planetary sun gear 203 is connected to the differential planetary gear ring 101 through the conical disk 14. The whole is not connected and fixed with the relevant parts by bearings, and is free in the axial and radial directions (the free movement distance will be limited in the specific design), so they are floating. When meshing with the flexible pin planetary gear, they will adapt to each other during transmission, so that the tooth surface load is better, which can increase the life of the gear.

[0066] The gearbox 1 adopts three-stage transmission, and the total transmission ratio of the gearbox 1 can reach 50-100.

[0067] In this embodiment, a multi-stage transmission is adopted to improve the finishing transmission ratio of the gearbox 1, so that the gearbox 1 can adapt to various working environments, increase the output speed of the gearbox 1, reduce the output torque, make the generator 2 smaller, and effectively reduce the cost of the generator 2.

[0068] A transmission chain includes the gear box 1 as above, and also includes a generator 2. The generator 2 includes a rotor 20, and the rotor 20 is connected to the output shaft 12.

[0069] In this embodiment, the generator rotor 20 in the transmission chain is directly connected to the output shaft 12, which effectively shortens the length of the transmission chain and reduces the volume of the transmission chain.

[0070] A wind turbine generator set, such as Figure 2 As shown, the wind turbine generator set includes the above-mentioned transmission chain, and the wind turbine generator set also includes a hub 3 , and the hub 3 is connected to the input shaft 11 .

[0071] The wind turbine generator set further comprises a main frame 4, which is connected to the quasi-planetary planetary frame 204. The gearbox differential planetary gear set 100 is arranged in the rear cavity of the hub 3, and the basic planetary gear set 300 is arranged in the front cavity of the main frame 4.

[0072] The wind turbine generator set also includes a rotor locking disk 5, which is located between the hub 3 and the gear box 1, and the input shaft 11 is connected and fixed to the rotor locking disk 5 and the hub 3; the wind turbine generator set 2 also includes a rotor locking pin seat 6, which is located between the main frame 4 and the hub 3, and the rotor locking pin seat 6, the differential planetary stage planetary frame 104 and the main frame 4 are connected and fixed.

[0073] The wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking disk 5, which is located between the hub 3 and the gear box 1, and the input shaft 11 is connected and fixed to the wind rotor locking disk 5, the hub 3, and the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13; the wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking pin seat 6, which is located at the front end of the double-row tapered bearing 13, and is connected and fixed to the outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13, the flange of the differential planetary stage planetary carrier 104 and the main frame 4.

[0074] The gearbox 1 is also provided with a rear housing 7, one end of the end cover 7 is fixedly connected to the quasi-planetary planetary carrier 204, and the other end of the end cover 7 is connected to the end cover portion 8 of the generator 2. The diameters of the end cover 7 and the generator 2 are smaller than the diameter of the front flange of the main frame 4; the output shaft 12 is connected to the basic planetary sun gear 303 by a spline.

[0075] The gearbox 1 is also provided with a rear housing 7, one end of which is fixedly connected to the basic planetary ring gear 301 and the quasi-planetary planet carrier 204, and the other end of the rear housing 7 is connected to the stator 21 of the generator 2. The diameters of the rear housing 7 and the generator 2 are smaller than the diameter of the front flange of the main frame 4; the output shaft 12 is connected to the basic planetary sun gear 303 via a spline.

[0076] like Figure 1 , 2 The input shaft 11 of the gearbox 1 is fixed as a whole with the wind rotor locking plate 5, the hub 3, and the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13 by bolt connection. The outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing 13 is fixed as a whole with the wind rotor locking pin seat 6, the quasi-planetary planetary carrier 204, and the main frame 4 by bolt connection. The hub 3 and the main frame 4 are divided into two parts, the rotating part and the fixed part, by the double-row tapered bearing 13.

[0077] The load, thrust and bending moment from the wind wheel are transmitted to the main frame 4 through the tapered rollers of the double-row tapered bearing 13; the input shaft 11 of the gearbox 1 is also connected to the quasi-planetary ring gear 201 and the differential planetary planet carrier 104, and the torque is transmitted to the quasi-planetary ring gear 201 and the differential planetary planet carrier 104 through the input shaft 11 of the gearbox 1, so as to realize power splitting. Since only the flanges of the double-row tapered bearing 13 and related components are arranged between the hub 3 and the front frame, the distance between the center of the hub 3 and the center of the tower is effectively shortened, and the bending moment caused by the weight of the wind wheel on the tower is effectively reduced.

[0078] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear box, It is characterized in that The gearbox includes a differential planetary gear set, a quasi-planetary gear set and a basic planetary gear set arranged in sequence, and the gearbox also includes an input shaft and an output shaft; The differential planetary gear set includes a differential planetary ring gear, a differential planetary planetary gear, a differential planetary sun gear and a differential planetary carrier, the input shaft is connected to the differential planetary carrier, and the differential planetary planetary gear is fixed to the differential planetary carrier through a rotating shaft; the quasi-planetary gear set includes a quasi-planetary ring gear, a quasi-planetary planetary gear, a quasi-planetary sun gear and a quasi-planetary carrier, the quasi-planetary carrier is fixed, the input shaft is connected to the quasi-planetary ring gear, and the quasi-planetary sun gear is connected to the differential planetary ring gear; The basic planetary gear set includes a basic planetary ring gear, a basic planetary planetary gear, a basic planetary sun gear and a basic planetary carrier, wherein the basic planetary ring gear is connected to the quasi-planetary carrier, the differential planetary sun gear is connected to the basic planetary carrier, and the basic planetary sun gear is connected to the output shaft; The gearbox further comprises a main bearing, which is a double-row tapered bearing, the input shaft of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the double-row tapered bearing, and the outer ring of the double-row tapered bearing is fixedly connected to the quasi-planetary planet carrier; When the gearbox is used in a wind turbine generator set, it is configured as follows: the quasi-planetary gear set is located inside the main bearing, the differential planetary gear set is located in the rear cavity of the hub of the wind turbine generator set, and the basic planetary gear set is located in the front cavity of the main frame of the wind turbine generator set.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Each planetary gear of the differential planetary stage and the quasi-planetary stage adopts a flexible pin structure for load sharing. The flexible pin shaft of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with its corresponding planetary carrier, and the pin sleeve of the flexible pin structure has an interference fit with the flexible pin shaft. The pin sleeve is used to support the planetary wheel bearings and planetary wheels of the corresponding planetary gear system.

3. The gearbox according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The quasi-planetary sun gear is connected to the differential planetary gear ring through a conical disk. The quasi-planetary sun gear and the differential planetary gear ring are integrated and are both floating parts.

4. The gear box according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The gearbox adopts three-stage transmission, and the total transmission ratio of the gearbox is 50-100.

5. A transmission chain, It is characterized in that The transmission chain comprises the gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the transmission chain further comprises a generator, wherein the generator comprises a rotor, and the rotor is connected to the output shaft.

6. A wind turbine generator set, It is characterized in that The wind turbine generator set comprises the transmission chain as claimed in claim 5, and the wind turbine generator set further comprises the hub, which is connected to the input shaft.

7. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The wind turbine generator set further comprises a main frame, and the main frame is connected to the quasi-planetary frame.

8. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking disk, which is located between the hub and the gear box, and the input shaft is connected and fixed to the wind rotor locking disk and the hub; the wind turbine generator set also includes a wind rotor locking pin seat, which is located between the main bearing and the hub, and the wind rotor locking pin seat, the main bearing outer ring, the differential planetary stage planetary frame flange and the main frame are connected and fixed.

9. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The gearbox is also provided with a rear housing, one end of which is fixedly connected to the basic planetary ring gear and the quasi-planetary planet carrier, and the other end of which is connected to the end cover of the generator. The diameters of the rear housing and the generator are smaller than the diameter of the front flange of the main frame; the output shaft is connected to the basic planetary sun gear via a spline.

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