An automatic closed cooling water circulation system for ice classed ships and a ship

Abstract

The application relates to a self-control type closed cooling water circulation system suitable for an ice area ship and the ship. The self-control type closed cooling water circulation system suitable for the ice area ship comprises a first circulating water tank, a second circulating water tank, a circulating pump group, a first temperature control three-way valve, a second temperature control three-way valve, a central cooler, a third temperature control three-way valve, a fourth temperature control three-way valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a control unit and a plurality of pipelines. The system can improve the operation stability and effectiveness of the ship cooling water circulation system through self-adjustment, can automatically switch the cooling water circulation system operation principle of ice area navigation and non-ice area navigation according to the sea conditions on the basis of preventing the power loss caused by the ice formation of seawater under the sea conditions of the ice area navigation of the ship, can reduce the influence of human factors, and can realize the safe navigation of the ship in the ice area and the non-ice area intersection complex sea condition route.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship cooling water circulation system, in particular to a self-control type closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ice area ships and a ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of the Arctic shipping route, ships are sailing in various cross-sea conditions in ice areas and non-ice areas more and more. Generally, the ship classification society stipulates that the cooling water system must be modified when the ship sails in the ice area to prevent the ice from forming or the ice from blocking the filter at the inlet of the sea chest when the ship sails or operates in the ice area, causing the interruption of the cooling seawater supply necessary for the operation of the ship equipment, and causing the ship to be in a power loss danger.

[0003] At present, the ships with ice area sailing conditions directly discharge the central cooling water outside the hull when the ship sails in the non-ice area, and the crew needs to manually switch the central cooler outlet seawater from the hull discharge to the sea chest valve box in advance according to the sea conditions when the ship sails in the ice area, and uses the residual heat of the central cooling water to melt the ice plug of the sea chest valve box and the filter, which has poor stability and often causes misoperation of the cooling water system in the ice area due to insufficient experience of the crew or inaccurate sea condition judgment, causing the interruption of the equipment cooling seawater and the shutdown of the power equipment, causing the ship to be in a danger of unpowered floating. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a self-control type closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ice area ships, which improves the stability and effectiveness of the ship cooling water circulation system through self-regulation of the system, and automatically switches the cooling water circulation system operation principle between ice area sailing and non-ice area sailing according to the sea conditions, reduces the influence of human factors, and realizes safe sailing of the ship in the complex sea condition route crossing the ice area and the non-ice area.

[0005] A self-control type closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ice area ships, comprising a first circulating water tank, a second circulating water tank, a circulating pump group, a first temperature control three-way valve, a second temperature control three-way valve, a central cooler, a third temperature control three-way valve, a fourth temperature control three-way valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a control unit, and a plurality of pipelines.

[0006] The first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank are separately arranged, and circulating water is arranged in the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank.

[0007] The circulating pump group comprises at least one circulating pump.

[0008] The first temperature control three-way valve and the second temperature control three-way valve are each provided with two inlets and one outlet.

[0009] One inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline; the other inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline; the outlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the input port of the circulation pump group through a pipeline;

[0010] One inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve is connected to the first circulating water tank through a pipeline; the other inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve is connected to the second circulating water tank through a pipeline;

[0011] The third temperature-controlled three-way valve and the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve are provided with one inlet and two outlets;

[0012] The inlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the output port of the circulation pump group through a pipeline through the central cooler; one outlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline; the other outlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline;

[0013] One outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve is connected to the first circulating water tank through a pipeline; the other outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve is connected to the second circulating water tank through a pipeline;

[0014] The first temperature sensor is arranged outboard and is used to detect the external seawater temperature;

[0015] The second temperature sensor is provided in the first circulating water tank and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank;

[0016] The third temperature sensor is provided in the second circulating water tank, and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank;

[0017] The control unit is electrically connected to the first temperature-controlled three-way valve, the second temperature-controlled three-way valve, the third temperature-controlled three-way valve, the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve, the circulating pump group, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor, respectively; the control unit can control the switching of the two inlets of the first temperature-controlled three-way valve and the switching of the two outlets of the third temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor; the control unit can control the switching of the two inlets of the second temperature-controlled three-way valve and the switching of the two outlets of the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor or the third temperature sensor.

[0018] The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice areas of the present invention controls the switching of the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve and the switching of the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve according to the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor, i.e., the temperature of the external seawater, through the control unit, to achieve the switching between open and closed circulation, so that the ship can adapt to sailing in non-ice areas and ice areas. In this case, the external seawater outside the ship flows into one of the inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline under the power of the circulation pump group, exchanges heat with the central cooler through the central cooler, takes away the heat of the central cooler, and is discharged to the external seawater outside the ship through a pipeline from one of the outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve, thereby achieving the open circulation of the external seawater, i.e., cooling water, in "outboard-central cooler-outboard", so as to be used for the ship to sail in non-ice areas. Under the power of the circulating pump group, the circulating water in the first or second circulating water tank flows through a pipeline from the other inlet of the first temperature-controlled three-way valve, exchanges heat with the central cooler, removes heat from the central cooler, and then flows back to the first or second circulating water tank through a pipeline from the other outlet of the third temperature-controlled three-way valve, thereby achieving a closed loop of circulating water, i.e., cooling water, in the "circulating water tank-central cooler-circulating water tank" cycle, for use by ships navigating in ice areas. In the closed loop, the control unit controls the switching of the two inlets of the second temperature-controlled three-way valve and the two outlets of the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve based on the temperature detected by the second or third temperature sensor, i.e., the circulating water temperature in the first or second circulating water tank, thereby achieving the interactive use of the first and second closed loops in the closed loop. Among them, the first closed cycle is that the circulating water of the first circulating water tank flows into one of the inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve and flows back to the first circulating water tank from one of the outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve, realizing the first closed cycle of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank, i.e., the cooling water in the "first circulating water tank-central cooler-first circulating water tank"; the second closed cycle is that the circulating water in the second circulating water tank flows into the other inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve and flows back to the second circulating water tank from the other outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve, realizing the second closed cycle of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank, i.e., the cooling water in the "second circulating water tank-central cooler-second circulating water tank". By switching between the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle, the stable operation of the system is guaranteed when the ship sails in ice areas.

[0019] Further, the first temperature sensor is provided with a first temperature setting value; when the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor is greater than the first temperature setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the external seawater through the pipeline to be opened, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to be closed, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the external seawater through the pipeline to be opened, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to be closed; when the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first temperature setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the external seawater through the pipeline to be closed, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to be opened, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the external seawater through the pipeline to be closed, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to be opened. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships in ice areas of the present invention is used to distinguish the sea conditions in which the ship is sailing, that is, to distinguish between non-ice areas and ice areas, by setting a first temperature setting value; when the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor is greater than the first temperature setting value, that is, when the ship is sailing in a non-ice area, the control unit controls the use of an open cycle, that is, controls the inlet of the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve that is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline to be opened, and controls the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline to be closed, and controls the outlet of the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve that is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline to be opened, and controls the outlet of the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve that is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline to be closed. The outlet connected to the outside seawater is closed, and the central cooler is cooled by external seawater. When the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first temperature setting value, that is, when the ship is sailing in an ice area, the control unit controls the use of a closed cycle, that is, the inlet of the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve connected to the outside seawater through a pipeline is closed, the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline is opened, and the outlet of the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve connected to the outside seawater through a pipeline is closed, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline is opened, and the central cooler is cooled by circulating water from the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank. As a preferred embodiment, the first temperature setting value is 0°C.

[0020] Furthermore, the second temperature sensor is provided with a second upper temperature limit setting value, and the third temperature sensor is provided with a third upper temperature limit setting value. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is greater than the second upper temperature limit setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve to switch to closing the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank via a pipeline and opening the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank via a pipeline, and controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve to switch to closing the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank via a pipeline and opening the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank via a pipeline. Alternatively, when the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor is greater than the third upper temperature limit setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve to switch to opening the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank via a pipeline and closing the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank via a pipeline, and controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve to switch to opening the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank via a pipeline and closing the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank via a pipeline. When the vessel is sailing in ice, the operation of the cooling water circulation system has switched to closed circulation mode. To ensure stable operation in closed mode, the self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ice-adapted vessels of the present invention switches between the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle by setting a second upper temperature limit set value and a third upper temperature limit set value. As the first closed cycle or the second closed cycle continues, the circulating water in the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank continuously removes heat from the central cooler, causing its temperature to rise. When the temperature reaches the maximum cooling water temperature limit specified by the central cooler, namely the second upper temperature limit set value or the third upper temperature limit set value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve and the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve to switch between them, thereby switching the first closed cycle to the second closed cycle or the second closed cycle to the first closed cycle. By switching between the first and second closed cycles, it is ensured that if the circulating water temperature in a single circulating water tank is too high, it can be promptly switched to another circulating water tank to ensure that the cooling water temperature meets the requirements of the central cooler. At the same time, after the switch, the circulating water in the lower-temperature circulating water tank ensures continued stable system operation, while the circulating water in the higher-temperature circulating water tank has time to cool down in the external low-temperature environment. This cycle repeats, with the first closed loop and the second closed loop switching back and forth, ensuring stable operation of the seawater cooling system when the ship is sailing in ice areas. As a preferred embodiment, the second temperature upper limit set value and the third temperature upper limit set value are the same; the second temperature upper limit set value and the third temperature upper limit set value can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, the second temperature upper limit set value and the third temperature upper limit set value are 30-35°C.

[0021] Further, the self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system of the ice zone ship further comprises a first heater and a second heater, the first heater is used for heating the circulating water in the first circulating water tank, the second heater is used for heating the circulating water in the second circulating water tank, the control unit is electrically connected with the first heater and the second heater respectively, the control unit can control the working of the first heater according to the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor, and the control unit can control the working of the second heater according to the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor. In the case that the outside temperature is extremely low and the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank does not reach the second upper limit set value or the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank does not reach the third upper limit set value, the situation that the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank or the first circulating water tank which does not participate in the circulation temporarily is too low to freeze may occur, at this time, if the circulating water in the second circulating water tank or the first circulating water tank is switched to participate in the circulation, it may cause the cooling system to be unable to run. In addition, if the ship is parked in the ice zone for a long time, the situation that the closed circulation cannot run due to the freezing of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank may also occur. In order to avoid the above dangerous situation, the first heater and the second heater are arranged in the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank respectively to heat the circulating water, so as to prevent the freezing of the circulating water from affecting the system operation.

[0022] Furthermore, the second temperature sensor is also provided with a second temperature lower limit setting value and a second temperature intermediate setting value, and the second temperature intermediate setting value is higher than the second temperature lower limit setting value and lower than the second temperature upper limit setting value; when the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor is less than or equal to the second temperature lower limit setting value, the control unit controls the first heater to start heating; when the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor is greater than the second temperature intermediate setting value, the control unit controls the first heater to stop heating; the third temperature sensor is also provided with a third temperature lower limit setting value and a third temperature intermediate setting value, and the third temperature intermediate setting value is higher than the third temperature lower limit setting value and lower than the third temperature upper limit setting value; when the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor is less than or equal to the third temperature lower limit setting value, the control unit controls the second heater to work; when the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor is greater than the third temperature intermediate setting value, the control unit controls the second heater to stop heating. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor or the third temperature sensor is less than or equal to the second temperature lower limit setting value or the third temperature lower limit setting value, the control unit controls the first heater or the second heater to start heating, thereby increasing the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank. When the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank reaches the second temperature intermediate setting value or the third temperature intermediate setting value, the control unit controls the first heater or the second heater to stop heating. This prevents the circulating water in the first circulating water tank or the second circulating water tank from freezing and prevents excessive heating temperature from affecting the cooling effect of the cooling system. As a preferred embodiment, the second temperature lower limit setting value and the third temperature lower limit setting value are the same, and the second temperature intermediate setting value and the third temperature intermediate setting value are the same. Preferably, the second temperature lower limit setting value and the third temperature lower limit setting value are both 0°C, and the second temperature intermediate setting value and the third temperature intermediate setting value are both 5°C.

[0023] Furthermore, the first heater and the second heater both include a heating coil heat source generator, which can generate a heat source to flow through the heating coil; the heating coil of the first heater passes through the first circulating water tank, and a first temperature control valve and a second temperature control valve are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil passing through the first circulating water tank; the heating coil of the second heater passes through the second circulating water tank, and a third temperature control valve and a fourth temperature control valve are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil passing through the second circulating water tank; the first temperature control valve, the second temperature control valve, the third temperature control valve, and the fourth temperature control valve are respectively electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit can control the switching of the first temperature control valve and the second temperature control valve according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor, and the control unit can control the switching of the third temperature control valve and the fourth temperature control valve according to the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor.

[0024] Furthermore, the first and second circulating water tanks are both provided with heat dissipation fins, the heat dissipation fins comprising a heat dissipation connection plate and a plurality of heat dissipation fins, the heat dissipation connection plate being fixedly mounted on the inner bulkhead at the bottom of the first and second circulating water tanks, the plurality of heat dissipation fins passing through the bulkheads of the first and second circulating water tanks side by side, the plurality of heat dissipation fins being fixedly connected to the heat dissipation connection plate at one end and extending out of the first and second circulating water tanks to contact the external seawater at the other end. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the circulating water in the first and second circulating water tanks and to ensure that the temperature of the circulating water in the first and second circulating water tanks meets the circulation requirements, heat dissipation fins are provided in the first and second circulating water tanks. When switching the circulation, the heat dissipation fins are used as a heat transfer medium to exchange heat between the circulating water in the first or second circulating water tank and the external seawater, thereby accelerating the cooling rate of the circulating water.

[0025] Furthermore, the other ends of the plurality of cooling fins are designed in an ice-skate pattern, with the fins arranged side by side, facing forward and aft of the vessel. The cooling fins also include a plurality of reinforcing plates, which are arranged side by side on the other side of the heat dissipation connecting plate relative to the plurality of cooling fins, and are staggered relative to the orientation of the plurality of cooling fins. The other ends of the plurality of cooling fins, the external structures that come into contact with the external seawater, are designed in an "ice-skate pattern," with the reinforcing plates arranged staggered relative to the orientation of the plurality of cooling fins, enabling the vessel to provide a certain degree of icebreaking assistance when navigating in ice.

[0026] Furthermore, a seawater valve chest and a seawater filter are provided at the inlet of the pipeline connecting the inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve to the external seawater. The seawater filter is used to filter and remove solids from the seawater in the seawater valve chest. Two seawater valve chests and two seawater filters are provided, respectively, at the high and low seabed gates of the ship. External seawater enters the seawater valve chest through the high and low seabed gates of the ship, where it is filtered by the seawater filter to remove marine organisms or other solids before entering the cooling water system.

[0027] The present invention also provides an ice-adaptable ship, comprising any of the above-mentioned self-controlled closed cooling water circulation systems for ice-adaptable ships.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system and the ship adapted to ice areas of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system adapted to ships in ice areas described in the present invention has good system stability. In order to prevent the temperature of a single circulating water tank from being too high and affecting the stability of the system, the present invention introduces a first closed circulation and a second closed circulation automatic switching mode, and introduces a heat dissipation fin design to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the circulating tank and the outside world. In the first closed circulation and the second closed circulation modes, one of the circulating water tanks is in operation, and the other circulating water tank has enough time to cool down quickly to meet the circulation requirements of the cooling water. Unlike the temporary emergency use of ballast tanks for cooling, the design of the circulating water tank is specially reinforced according to the amount of expansion and contraction to prevent damage to the cabin under extreme conditions. While the circulating water tank is protected from high temperatures, there are temperature control measures to prevent the freezing of low-temperature circulating water. The closed circulation can always ensure that the cooling water circulation system maintains the best temperature conditions and operates stably under extreme conditions;

[0030] The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships in ice areas of the present invention has a high degree of intelligence. Through reasonably arranged temperature sensors and temperature-controlled three-way valves, the first temperature sensor senses the external sea conditions, and the control unit controls the first temperature-controlled three-way valve and the third temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the temperature signal fed back; and the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor control the second temperature-controlled three-way valve and the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the temperature signal fed back; the circulation mode of the cooling water circulation system under different sea conditions is automatically switched without excessive manual operation, and the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle are automatically switched, thereby improving the stability of the cooling water circulation system;

[0031] The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships in ice regions of the present invention is easy to implement. Most of the modifications of the present invention rely on the original ship's seawater cooling circulation system. Only some piping modifications are required on the basis of the original ship's seawater cooling system, which is simple to modify.

[0032] The present invention uses sensors to monitor sea conditions in real time and intelligently switches the cooling water circulation mode for navigation in ice areas, greatly reducing the dangerous situation of ship cooling system failure caused by human factors. It can be effectively applied to ships sailing and operating in various cross-sea conditions.

[0033] For better understanding and implementation, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic closed cooling water circulation system for ships in ice areas according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ice-adaptable ship according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Right view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides an automatic closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice regions, and a ship including the automatic closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice regions described in this embodiment.

[0039] See also Figure 1 A self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ships in ice areas includes a first circulating water tank 1, a second circulating water tank 2, a circulating pump group 3, a first temperature control three-way valve 4, a second temperature control three-way valve 5, a central cooler 6, a third temperature control three-way valve 7, a fourth temperature control three-way valve 8, a first temperature sensor 9, a second temperature sensor 10, a third temperature sensor 11, a control unit 12, and a plurality of pipelines;

[0040] The first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2 are separately arranged, and both the first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2 are filled with circulating water;

[0041] The circulation pump group 3 includes at least one circulation pump 301;

[0042] The first temperature control three-way valve 4 and the second temperature control three-way valve 5 are each provided with two inlets and one outlet;

[0043] One inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline 13; the other inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 is connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 through a pipeline 14; the outlet of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 is connected to the input port of the circulation pump group 3 through a pipeline 15;

[0044] One inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 is connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through a pipeline 16; the other inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 is connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through a pipeline 17;

[0045] The third temperature control three-way valve 7 and the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 are provided with one inlet and two outlets;

[0046] The inlet of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 is connected to the output port of the circulation pump group 3 through the pipeline 18 through the central cooler 6; one of the outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 is connected to the external seawater through the pipeline 19; the other outlet of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 is connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 through the pipeline 20;

[0047] One outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 is connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through a pipeline 21; the other outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 is connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through a pipeline 22;

[0048] The first temperature sensor 9 is arranged outboard and is used to detect the external seawater temperature;

[0049] The second temperature sensor 10 is provided in the first circulating water tank 1 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1;

[0050] The third temperature sensor 11 is provided in the second circulating water tank 2 and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 2;

[0051] The control unit 12 is electrically connected to the first temperature-controlled three-way valve 4, the second temperature-controlled three-way valve 5, the third temperature-controlled three-way valve 7, the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve 8, the first temperature sensor 9, the second temperature sensor 10, and the third temperature sensor 11, respectively; the control unit 12 can control the switching of the two inlets of the first temperature-controlled three-way valve 4 and the switching of the two outlets of the third temperature-controlled three-way valve 7 according to the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor 9; the control unit 12 can control the switching of the two inlets of the second temperature-controlled three-way valve 7 and the switching of the two outlets of the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve 8 according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 10 or the third temperature sensor 11.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first temperature sensor 9 is provided with a first temperature setting value; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 9 is greater than the first temperature setting value, the control unit 12 controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 to switch to the inlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline 13, to open, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 through the pipeline 14 to close, and the control unit 12 controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 to switch to the outlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline 19 to open, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 through the pipeline 20 to close; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 9 is less than or equal to the first temperature setting value, the control unit 12 controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 to switch to the inlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline 13 to close, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 through the pipeline 14 to open, and the control unit 12 controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 to switch to the outlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline 19 to close, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 through the pipeline 20 to open. In this embodiment, the first temperature setting value is preferably 0°C, and the external seawater temperature of 0°C is used as the boundary value for distinguishing between navigation in non-ice areas and navigation in ice areas. When the external seawater temperature is greater than 0°C, the ship is set to sail in a non-ice area. When the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor is less than or equal to 0°C, the ship is set to sail in an ice area.

[0053] In this embodiment, the second temperature sensor 10 is provided with a second temperature upper limit setting value, and the third temperature sensor 11 is provided with a third temperature upper limit setting value; when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 10 is greater than the second temperature upper limit setting value, the control unit 12 controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 to switch to the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through the pipeline 16 to be closed, and the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through the pipeline 17 to be opened, and the control unit 12 controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 to switch to the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through the pipeline 21 to be closed, and the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through the pipeline 22 to be opened; or when the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor 11 is greater than the third temperature upper limit setting value, the control unit 12 controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 to switch to the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through the pipeline 16 to be opened, and the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through the pipeline 17 to be closed, and the control unit 12 controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 to switch to the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank 1 through the pipeline 21 to be opened, and the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank 2 through the pipeline 22 to be closed. As a preferred solution, in this embodiment, the second upper temperature limit setting value and the third upper temperature limit setting value are the same, both being 30° C. In other embodiments, the second upper temperature limit setting value and the third upper temperature limit setting value may be set based on the maximum limit temperature of the cooling water specified by the central cooler.

[0054] In this embodiment, in order to avoid the situation where the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 is frozen due to the external temperature being too low, and the cooling cycle cannot operate, the automatic closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ships in ice areas of this embodiment also includes a first heater 23 and a second heater 24. The first heater 23 is used to heat the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1, and the second heater 24 is used to heat the circulating water in the second circulating water tank 2. The control unit 12 is electrically connected to the first heater 23 and the second heater 24 respectively. The control unit 12 can control the operation of the first heater 23 according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 10, and the control unit 12 can control the operation of the second heater 24 according to the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor 11.

[0055] In this embodiment, the second temperature sensor 10 is further configured with a second lower temperature setpoint and a second intermediate temperature setpoint, the second intermediate temperature setpoint being higher than the second lower temperature setpoint and lower than the second upper temperature setpoint. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 10 is less than or equal to the second lower temperature setpoint, the control unit 12 controls the first heater 23 to begin heating. When the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 10 is greater than the second intermediate temperature setpoint, the control unit 12 controls the first heater 23 to stop heating. In this embodiment, the third temperature sensor 11 is further configured with a third lower temperature setpoint and a third intermediate temperature setpoint, the third intermediate temperature setpoint being higher than the third lower temperature setpoint and lower than the third upper temperature setpoint. When the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 11 is less than or equal to the third lower temperature setpoint, the control unit 12 controls the second heater 24 to begin heating. When the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 11 is greater than the third intermediate temperature setpoint, the control unit 12 controls the second heater 24 to stop heating. In this embodiment, the second lower temperature setpoint and the third lower temperature setpoint are preferably both 0°C, and the second intermediate temperature setpoint and the third intermediate temperature setpoint are preferably both 5°C.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first heater 23 and the second heater 24 both include a heating coil 231 (241) and a heat source generator (not shown), wherein the heat source generator is capable of generating a heat source to flow through the heating coil 231 (241); the heating coil 231 of the first heater 23 passes through the first circulating water tank 1, and a first temperature control valve 2311 and a second temperature control valve 2312 are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil 231 passing through the first circulating water tank 1; the heating coil 241 of the second heater 24 passes through the second circulating water tank 2, and a first temperature control valve 2311 and a second temperature control valve 2312 are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil 231 passing through the first circulating water tank 1; The front and rear parts of the heat exchanger are respectively provided with a third temperature control valve 2411 and a fourth temperature control valve 2412; the first temperature control valve 2311, the second temperature control valve 2312, the third temperature control valve 2411, and the fourth temperature control valve 2412 are respectively electrically connected to the control unit 12, and the control unit 12 can control the opening and closing of the first temperature control valve 2311 and the second temperature control valve 2312 according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 10, and the control unit 12 can control the opening and closing of the third temperature control valve 2411 and the fourth temperature control valve 2412 according to the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor 11. In this embodiment, the heat source is heating steam, which is generated by the heat source generator and flows through the heating pipe 231 (241) to perform heat exchange with the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2, thereby heating the circulating water.

[0057] In this example, see Figure 2 The first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2 are both provided with heat dissipation fins 25. The heat dissipation fins 25 include a heat dissipation connection plate 251 and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 252. The heat dissipation connection plate 251 is fixedly mounted on the inner bulkhead at the bottom of the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2. The plurality of heat dissipation fins 252 extend side by side through the bulkheads of the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2. One end of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 252 is fixedly connected to the heat dissipation connection plate 251, and the other end extends out of the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2 to contact the external seawater. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the circulating water in the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2 and ensure that the temperature of the circulating water in the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2 meets the circulation requirements, heat dissipation fins are provided in the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2. When switching the circulation, the heat dissipation fins 25 are used as a heat transfer medium to exchange heat between the circulating water in the first and second circulating water tanks 1 and 2 and the external seawater, thereby accelerating the cooling rate of the circulating water.

[0058] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3The other end of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 252 is designed as an "ice skate type", and the plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged side by side towards the bow and stern direction of the ship; the heat dissipation fin 25 further comprises a plurality of reinforcing plates 253 arranged side by side on the other side of the heat dissipation connecting plate 251 relative to the plurality of heat dissipation fins 252, and the orientations of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 253 are opposite to each other. In this embodiment, the plurality of heat dissipation fins 251 and the plurality of reinforcing plates are opposite to each other in a "cross" shape. The other end of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 251, i.e. the external structure in contact with the external seawater, is designed as an "ice skate type", and the plurality of reinforcing plates 253 are arranged opposite to each other according to the orientation of the plurality of heat dissipation fins 251, so that the ship can also provide certain auxiliary icebreaking function when sailing in the ice area.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2 are arranged below the light waterline of the ship and close to the cooling water system of the engine room of the ship, and the first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2 are separated to prevent heat transfer.

[0060] In this embodiment, the circulating pump group 3 comprises two circulating pumps 301 arranged in parallel.

[0061] In this embodiment, the inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 is provided with a seawater valve box 26 and a seawater filter 27 at the inlet of the pipeline 13, i.e. the inlet of the pipeline 13; the seawater filter is used to filter and remove solids in the seawater in the seawater valve box. In this embodiment, the seawater valve box 26 and the seawater filter 27 are provided with two, and are arranged in parallel with the pipeline 13, and the two seawater valve boxes 26 are arranged at the high-level sea chest and the low-level sea chest of the ship, respectively. The external seawater enters the seawater valve box 26 through the high-level sea chest and the low-level sea chest of the ship, and is filtered by the seawater filter 27 to remove marine organisms or other solids in the seawater into the cooling water circulating system.

[0062] In this embodiment, the control unit is a PLC.

[0063] The working principle of the self-controlled closed cooling water circulating system suitable for ice area ships according to the present embodiment is as follows:

[0064] The first temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of the external seawater outside the ship, and feeds back the temperature signal to the control unit 12; the control unit 12 controls the switching of the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 and the switching of the two inlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 according to the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 9, i.e. the temperature of the external seawater, to realize the switching of the open circulation and the closed circulation, so that the ship can adapt to sailing in the non-ice area and the ice area.

[0065] Wherein:

[0066] When the first temperature sensor 9 detects that the external seawater temperature is greater than the first set temperature value (0°C), indicating that the vessel is sailing in an ice-free zone, the first temperature sensor 9 feeds a temperature signal back to the control unit 12. Control unit 12 then controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve 4, the one connected via pipe 13, to open and the one connected via pipe 14, to close. Simultaneously, control unit 12 controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7, the one connected via pipe 19, to open and the one connected via pipe 20, to close. At this point, external seawater from the ship enters the seawater chest 26 through the ship's upper and / or lower seawater gates. After being filtered through the seawater filter 27 to remove solids, it flows into the first temperature control three-way valve 4 through pipe 13 and out of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 through pipe 15. It then flows through the circulating pump 301 and pipe 18 through the central cooler 6 for heat exchange, removing heat from the central cooler 6, and is discharged overboard through pipe 19, completing an open circulation of external seawater, i.e., cooling water, from the ship's overboard to the seawater chest 26, the seawater filter 27, the pump 3, the central cooler 6, and the overboard.

[0067] When the first temperature sensor 9 detects that the external seawater temperature is less than or equal to the first temperature setting value (0°C), that is, the ship is sailing in an ice area, the first temperature sensor 9 feeds back the temperature signal to the control unit 12, and the control unit 12 controls the inlet of the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 connected by the pipeline 13 to be closed and the inlet connected by the pipeline 14 to be opened. At the same time, the control unit 12 controls the inlet of the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve 7 connected by the pipeline 19 to be closed and the inlet connected by the pipeline 20 to be opened. At this point, the circulating water, or cooling water, from the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 flows into the first temperature control three-way valve 4 through pipe 14 and out of the first temperature control three-way valve 4 through pipe 15. It then flows through the circulating pump 301 and pipe 18 through the central cooler 6 for heat exchange, removing heat from the central cooler 6 before returning to the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 through pipe 20, completing a closed cycle of external seawater, or cooling water, in the "first circulating water tank 1 - pump 301 - central cooler 6 - first circulating water tank 1" or "second circulating water tank 2 - pump 301 - central cooler 6 - second circulating water tank 2" sequence. The "first circulating water tank 1 - pump 301 - central cooler 6 - first circulating water tank 1" sequence represents the first closed cycle, while the "second circulating water tank 2 - pump 301 - central cooler 6 - second circulating water tank 2" sequence represents the second closed cycle.

[0068] In the closed cycle, the control unit 12 controls the switching of the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 and the switching of the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor 10 or the third temperature sensor 11, that is, the circulating water temperature of the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2, thereby realizing the interactive use of the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle in the closed cycle.

[0069] With the continuous operation of the first closed cycle or the second closed cycle, the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 is continuously heated as it continuously takes away the heat of the central cooler, and when the temperature of the circulating water reaches the maximum limit temperature of the cooling water at the inlet of the central cooler 6, i.e. the second upper temperature limit set value or the third upper temperature limit set value (i.e. 30℃), the control unit 12 controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve to switch, realizing the switching of the first closed cycle to the second closed cycle or the switching of the second closed cycle to the first closed cycle. If the first closed cycle is running, when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 10 is greater than the second upper temperature limit set value (30℃), the control unit 12 receives the detection signal of the second temperature sensor 10, the control unit 12 controls the inlet connected by pipeline 16 of the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 to close and the inlet connected by pipeline 17 to open, and at the same time the control unit 12 controls the outlet connected by pipeline 21 of the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 to close and the outlet connected by pipeline 22 to open; realizing the switching of the first closed cycle to the second closed cycle, so that the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 is cooled and cooled by heat exchange with the seawater outside the heat dissipation fin 25; if the second closed cycle is running, when the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor 11 is greater than the third upper temperature limit set value (30℃), the control unit 12 receives the detection signal of the third temperature sensor 10, the control unit 12 controls the inlet connected by pipeline 16 of the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve 5 to open and the inlet connected by pipeline 17 to close, and at the same time the control unit 12 controls the outlet connected by pipeline 21 of the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve 8 to open and the outlet connected by pipeline 22 to close; realizing the switching of the second closed cycle to the first closed cycle, so that the circulating water in the second circulating water tank is cooled and cooled by heat exchange with the seawater outside the heat dissipation fin; through the mutual switching of the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle, it can be ensured that when the temperature of the circulating water in a single circulating water tank is too high, it can be switched to another circulating water tank in time to ensure that the temperature of the cooling water meets the requirements of the central cooler. At the same time, after switching, the circulating water in the circulating water tank with lower temperature has time to cool and cool down through the low-temperature environment outside while ensuring the stable operation of the system, and the circulating water in the circulating water tank with higher temperature also has time to cool and cool down, and the first closed cycle and the second closed cycle are switched to each other, which can ensure the stable operation of the seawater cooling system when the ship is sailing in the ice area.

[0070] In addition, when the outside temperature is extremely low and the circulating water temperature of the first circulating water tank 1 has not reached the second temperature upper limit setting value (30°C) or the circulating water temperature of the second circulating water tank 2 has not reached the third temperature upper limit setting value (30°C), or when the ship is anchored in an ice area for a long time, the closed circulation may be unable to operate due to the freezing of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2. A first heater 23 and a second heater 24 are respectively provided in the first circulating water tank 1 and the second circulating water tank 2 to heat the circulating water, so as to prevent the freezing of the circulating water from affecting the operation of the system. When the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor 10 or the third temperature sensor 11 is less than or equal to the second temperature lower limit setting value (0°C) or the third temperature lower limit setting value (0°C), the control unit 12 controls the first heater 23 or the second heater 24 to start heating, so that the circulating water temperature of the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 increases; when the circulating water temperature of the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 reaches the second temperature intermediate setting value (5°C) or the third temperature intermediate setting value (5°C), the control unit 12 controls the first heater 23 or the second heater 24 to stop heating, so as to prevent the circulating water in the first circulating water tank 1 or the second circulating water tank 2 from freezing and prevent the heating temperature from being too high to affect the cooling effect of the cooling system.

[0071] Compared with the existing technology, the self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships in ice areas described in the present invention improves the operating stability and effectiveness of the ship's cooling water circulation system through system self-regulation. On the basis of preventing the sea water from freezing and causing power loss when the ship is sailing in ice areas, the cooling water circulation system operating principles for navigation in ice areas and navigation in non-ice areas are automatically switched according to sea conditions, reducing the influence of human factors and enabling ships to safely navigate routes in complex sea conditions where ice areas and non-ice areas intersect.

[0072] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention is intended to encompass such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An automatic closed cooling water circulation system suitable for ships in ice areas, characterized by: It includes a first circulating water tank, a second circulating water tank, a circulating pump group, a first temperature control three-way valve, a second temperature control three-way valve, a central cooler, a third temperature control three-way valve, a fourth temperature control three-way valve, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a control unit, and several pipelines; The first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank are separately arranged, and both the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank are filled with circulating water; The circulating pump group includes at least one circulating pump; The first temperature control three-way valve and the second temperature control three-way valve are each provided with two inlets and one outlet; One inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline; the other inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline; the outlet of the first temperature control three-way valve is connected to the input port of the circulation pump group through a pipeline; One inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve is connected to the first circulating water tank through a pipeline; the other inlet of the second temperature control three-way valve is connected to the second circulating water tank through a pipeline; The third temperature-controlled three-way valve and the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve are provided with one inlet and two outlets; The inlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the output port of the circulation pump group through a pipeline through the central cooler; one outlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the external seawater through a pipeline; the other outlet of the third temperature control three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through a pipeline; One outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve is connected to the first circulating water tank through a pipeline; the other outlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve is connected to the second circulating water tank through a pipeline; The first temperature sensor is arranged outboard and is used to detect the external seawater temperature; The second temperature sensor is provided in the first circulating water tank and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the first circulating water tank; The third temperature sensor is provided in the second circulating water tank, and is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water in the second circulating water tank; The control unit is electrically connected to the first temperature-controlled three-way valve, the second temperature-controlled three-way valve, the third temperature-controlled three-way valve, the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve, the circulating pump group, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor, respectively; the control unit can control the switching of the two inlets of the first temperature-controlled three-way valve and the switching of the two outlets of the third temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor; the control unit can control the switching of the two inlets of the second temperature-controlled three-way valve and the switching of the two outlets of the fourth temperature-controlled three-way valve according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor or the third temperature sensor; The first temperature sensor is provided with a first temperature setting value; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is greater than the first temperature setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline, to open, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to close, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline, to open, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to close; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first temperature setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the first temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline, to close, and the inlet connected to the outlet of the second temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to open, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the third temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the outside seawater through the pipeline, to close, and the outlet connected to the inlet of the fourth temperature control three-way valve through the pipeline to open; The second temperature sensor is provided with a second temperature upper limit setting value, and the third temperature sensor is provided with a third temperature upper limit setting value; when the detected temperature of the second temperature sensor is greater than the second temperature upper limit setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank through the pipeline to be closed, and the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank through the pipeline to be opened, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank through the pipeline to be closed, and the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank through the pipeline to be opened; or when the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor is greater than the third temperature upper limit setting value, the control unit controls the two inlets of the second temperature control three-way valve to switch to the inlet connected to the first circulating water tank through the pipeline to be opened, and the inlet connected to the second circulating water tank through the pipeline to be closed, and the control unit controls the two outlets of the fourth temperature control three-way valve to switch to the outlet connected to the first circulating water tank through the pipeline to be opened, and the outlet connected to the second circulating water tank through the pipeline to be closed.

2. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a first heater and a second heater, the first heater is used to heat the circulating water in the first circulating water tank, and the second heater is used to heat the circulating water in the second circulating water tank. The control unit is electrically connected to the first heater and the second heater respectively, and the control unit can control the operation of the first heater according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor, and the control unit can control the operation of the second heater according to the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor.

3. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ice-adapted ships according to claim 2 is characterized by: The second temperature sensor is further provided with a second temperature lower limit setting value and a second temperature intermediate setting value, wherein the second temperature intermediate setting value is higher than the second temperature lower limit setting value and lower than the second temperature upper limit setting value; when the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is less than or equal to the second temperature lower limit setting value, the control unit controls the first heater to start heating; when the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is greater than the second temperature intermediate setting value, the control unit controls the first heater to stop heating; The third temperature sensor is also provided with a third temperature lower limit setting value and a third temperature intermediate setting value, wherein the third temperature intermediate setting value is higher than the third temperature lower limit setting value and lower than the third temperature upper limit setting value; when the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor is less than or equal to the third temperature lower limit setting value, the control unit controls the second heater to operate; when the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor is greater than the third temperature intermediate setting value, the control unit controls the second heater to stop heating.

4. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ice-adapted ships according to claim 3 is characterized by: The first heater and the second heater both include a heating coil and a heat source generator, and the heat source generator can generate a heat source to flow through the heating coil; the heating coil of the first heater passes through the first circulating water tank, and a first temperature control valve and a second temperature control valve are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil passing through the first circulating water tank; the heating coil of the second heater passes through the second circulating water tank, and a third temperature control valve and a fourth temperature control valve are respectively provided on the front and rear parts of the heating coil passing through the second circulating water tank; the first temperature control valve, the second temperature control valve, the third temperature control valve, and the fourth temperature control valve are respectively electrically connected to the control unit, and the control unit can control the switching of the first temperature control valve and the second temperature control valve according to the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor, and the control unit can control the switching of the third temperature control valve and the fourth temperature control valve according to the detection temperature of the third temperature sensor.

5. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ice-adapted ships according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank are both provided with cooling fins, and the cooling fins include a cooling connecting plate and a plurality of cooling fins. The cooling connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the inner bulkhead at the bottom of the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank, and the plurality of cooling fins pass through the bulkhead of the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank side by side. One end of the plurality of cooling fins is fixedly connected to the cooling connecting plate, and the other end extends out of the first circulating water tank and the second circulating water tank to contact the external seawater.

6. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice areas according to claim 5 is characterized by: The other ends of the plurality of heat sink fins are designed as ice blade types, and the plurality of heat sink fins are arranged side by side toward the bow and stern of the ship; the heat sink fins also include a plurality of reinforcing plates, which are arranged side by side on the other side of the heat sink connecting plate relative to the plurality of heat sink fins, and are relatively staggered with respect to the direction of the plurality of heat sink fins.

7. The self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ice-adapted ships according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A seawater valve box and a seawater filter are provided at the inlet of the pipeline connecting the inlet of the first temperature control three-way valve and the external seawater; the seawater filter is used to filter and remove solids in the seawater in the seawater valve box; two seawater valve boxes and two seawater filters are respectively provided, which are respectively arranged at the high-level seabed gate and the low-level seabed gate of the ship.

8. An ice-adapted ship, characterized by: The invention comprises the self-controlled closed cooling water circulation system for ships adapted to ice areas as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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