A dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air furnace, the dust removal device comprises a first dust removal component, a second dust removal component and a third dust removal component; the first dust removal component is installed at the lower end of the feed port, the first dust removal component comprises a spiral feeder and a dust hood wrapping the outer ring of the spiral feeder, and a telescopic component is arranged in the dust hood; the second dust removal component is arranged in a dust removal chamber between a combustion chamber and a mixing chamber, the second dust removal component comprises an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body; the third dust removal component is arranged in the mixing chamber. The present invention uniformly arranges the first dust removal component, the second dust removal component and the third dust removal component, so that the dust of the biomass fuel itself and the smoke generated during the combustion process are removed at different stages, so that the gas entering the hot air heat exchanger is cleaner, the service life of the air exchange heat exchanger is extended, and the reduction of the efficiency of the hot air furnace is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular relates to a dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air furnace. Background Art

[0002] Hot blast furnace is a thermal power machine. It began to be widely used in my country in the late 1970s. It has become a replacement product for electric heat source and traditional steam power heat source in many industries. There are many varieties and series of hot blast furnaces. They are divided into manual burning and machine burning according to the coal adding method, and divided into coal, oil, gas furnaces, etc. according to the type of fuel.

[0003] With the need for national energy conservation and emission reduction for environmental and air pollution control, the biomass pellet hot air furnace came into being in order to further reduce the pollution caused by smoke and harmful gases emitted by coal-fired furnaces and improve the development and utilization of renewable biomass clean energy.

[0004] Biomass hot air furnaces usually install a hot air heat exchanger at the tail of the burner to ensure the output of clean hot air. The pellet fuel burned by the biomass pellet hot air furnace is pressed from wood or plant straw, which meets the requirements of environmental protection in principle because it has no sulfur emissions. However, the smoke of biomass pellet fuel is larger than that of coal, and the flue gas produced contains a large amount of particulate matter and unburned substances. If the high-temperature flue gas containing a large amount of particulate matter and unburned charcoal enters the hot air heat exchanger, long-term use will inevitably cause thermal fatigue and mechanical wear of the steel of the hot air heat exchanger tube wall and premature failure, and may also cause the unburned charcoal to burn again and damage the hot air heat exchanger, affecting the efficiency of the biomass hot air furnace. The dust in the fuel also affects the combustion effect. The hot air generated by the combustion also affects the drying effect when it enters the dryer without fine dust removal. Therefore, a better solution is needed to reduce the dust and smoke generated by biomass fuels. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air furnace.

[0006] The present invention proposes a dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air furnace, the dust removal device comprising a first dust removal component, a second dust removal component and a third dust removal component;

[0007] The first dust removal component is installed at the lower end of the feed port, and the first dust removal component includes a spiral feeder and a dust cover wrapping the outer ring of the spiral feeder, and a telescopic component is arranged in the dust cover;

[0008] The second dust removal assembly is arranged in the dust removal chamber between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber, and the second dust removal assembly comprises an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body;

[0009] The third dust removal assembly is arranged in the mixing chamber.

[0010] The dust hood is a two-layer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged around the screw feeder, the outer cylinder is arranged concentrically with the inner cylinder, a dust discharge hole is provided on one side of the bottom of the outer cylinder, and a dust suction hole is provided near the bottom of the inner cylinder;

[0011] A hollow annular cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the upper end of the annular cavity is fixed to the top of the combustion chamber, the annular cavity is separated into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a middle partition in the longitudinal direction, and a removable baffle is installed at the bottom of the annular cavity;

[0012] A telescopic assembly is vertically arranged between the middle partition plate and the top of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of groups of the telescopic assembly are arranged.

[0013] The second dust removal assembly consists of an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body in the dust removal chamber. An air inlet is opened on the side of the lower box body connected to the combustion chamber, and a dust removal hopper is arranged at the bottom of the lower box body; a limit plate is installed at the upper end of the middle box body, and a fixed plate is installed at the lower end, and a dust removal bag is installed between the limit plate and the fixed plate.

[0014] The third dust removal assembly includes a first filter and a second filter. The first filter is installed at the connection between the upper box and the mixing chamber, and the second filter is arranged at the front end of the exhaust duct. The exhaust duct is arranged below the flip roller. The flip roller is arranged below the first filter. Both ends of the flip roller are rotatably installed on the front and rear side walls of the mixing chamber respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly is composed of multiple planar four-bar linkages, each of which is composed of four support rods, and the support rods are connected by pins. The bottom end of the planar four-bar linkage is connected to the middle partition, and adjacent planar four-bar linkages are connected by connecting pins; a slide rail is vertically installed on the inner wall of the annular cavity, and the connecting axis of the slide rail and the connecting pin is parallel. The slide rail cooperates with the roller at the bottom end of the cross bar, and the other end of the cross bar is fixed to any connecting pin of the planar four-bar linkage.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder have the same height and are equal to the height of the screw feeder.

[0017] Furthermore, the middle partition is installed at an angle, and the dust exhaust hole is provided at one end of the middle partition that is inclined downward.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of upper grooves are opened above the limiting plate, and the upper grooves are matched and connected with a first protrusion fixed on the outer periphery of the dust bag. The fixing plate is connected to the inner wall of the middle box body through a bracket, and a second protrusion is fixed on the outer surface of the lower end of the dust bag, and the second protrusion is matched with a lower groove opened above the fixing plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust removal bag is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, the interior of the dust removal bag is supported by a cage frame, a vibrator is installed on the cage frame, and wear-resistant pads are provided at the contact parts between the cage frame and the dust removal bag.

[0020] Furthermore, the first filter screen is embedded above the inner wall of the dust removal chamber, and the mesh size of the first filter screen is larger than the mesh size of the second filter screen.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention uses the unified arrangement of the first dust removal component, the second dust removal component and the third dust removal component to remove the dust of the biomass fuel itself and the smoke generated during the combustion process at different stages, so that the gas entering the hot air heat exchanger is cleaner, the service life of the air exchange heat exchanger is extended, and the reduction of the efficiency of the hot air furnace is avoided;

[0023] The present invention installs the dust removal bag in a chimeric manner, so that the dust removal bag can be replaced more conveniently in the later stage, and the dust removal bag of the present invention is simpler;

[0024] The present invention allows the fuel to be dusted before entering the combustion pool by installing the first dust removal component, thereby making the combustion of the fuel more efficient.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air stove according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0029] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B.

[0030] In the figure: 1, combustion chamber; 2, second filter; 3, dust exhaust hole; 4, mixing chamber; 5, dust hopper; 6, exhaust duct; 7, flip roller; 8, first filter; 9, dust removal chamber; 10, screw feeder; 11, plane four-link; 12, outer cylinder; 13, inner cylinder; 14, dust suction hole; 15, slide rail; 16, middle partition; 17, latch; 18, connecting pin; 19, dust bag; 20, vibrator; 21, cage; 22, first protrusion; 23, limit plate; 24, bracket; 25, fixing plate; 26, second protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 A dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air furnace includes a first dust removal component, a second dust removal component and a third dust removal component. The first dust removal component is installed at the lower end of a feed port, and the feed port is located at the top of a combustion chamber 1. The second dust removal component is arranged in a dust removal chamber 9 between the combustion chamber 1 and a mixing chamber 4, and the third dust removal component is arranged in the mixing chamber 4.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the first dust removal component is used to remove dust before the fuel is burned. The first dust removal component includes a dust hood that wraps the outer circle of the screw feeder 10, and the dust hood is a two-layer cylindrical shape. The inner cylinder 13 is arranged around the screw feeder 10, and the outer cylinder 12 is concentrically arranged with the inner cylinder 13 and has the same height. The height of the dust hood is higher than the height of the screw feeder 10. A dust exhaust hole 3 is opened on one side of the bottom of the outer cylinder 12, and the dust exhaust hole 3 connects the dust exhaust pipe and is connected to the dust exhaust outlet on the side of the hot air furnace. The dust exhaust pipe extends to the external recovery box. A dust suction hole 14 is opened near the bottom of the inner cylinder 13, and the dust suction hole 14 is installed in the lower cavity.

[0034] A hollow annular cavity is formed between the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 12. The top of the annular cavity is fixed to the combustion chamber 1. The annular cavity is divided into two layers, an upper cavity and a lower cavity, by the middle partition 16 in the longitudinal direction. A removable baffle is installed at the bottom of the annular cavity. The middle partition 16 is installed at an angle. A suction device and a blower are installed on the lower surface of the middle partition 16 to suck and discharge dust in the screw feeder 10 into the annular cavity. The suction device and the blower are uniformly controlled by an external switch. The blower is turned on when the middle partition 16 is retracted upward, and the suction device is turned on when the middle partition 16 is extended downward.

[0035] A telescopic assembly is vertically arranged between the middle partition 16 and the top of the combustion chamber 1. The telescopic assembly is composed of a plurality of planar four-linkages 11. The planar four-linkages 11 are composed of four support rods. The support rods are connected by a latch 17. The bottom end of the planar four-linkages 11 is connected to the middle partition 16. The planar four-linkages 11 are connected by a connecting pin 18. The top planar four-linkages 11 are in contact with a cam. The cam is driven by a transmission shaft. The other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor. A slide rail 15 is vertically installed on the inner wall of the annular cavity. The slide rail 15 is parallel to the connecting axis of the connecting pin 18. The slide rail 15 cooperates with the roller at the bottom end of the cross bar. The other end of the cross bar is fixed on any one of the connecting pins 18 of the planar four-linkages 11. The slide rail 15 and the cross bar determine that the telescopic assembly telescopes in the vertical direction. The telescopic assembly can be arranged in multiple groups so that the up and down movement of the middle partition 16 is more stable. In this embodiment, two groups are selected, and the middle partition plate 16 is pulled by the telescopic assembly to present an inclined state, forming an angle of 30-45° with the horizontal direction, and the dust discharge hole 3 is opened at one end of the middle partition plate 16 that is inclined downward.

[0036] In the initial position, the lowest point of the cam contacts the planar four-link 11, and the telescopic bracket is in a compressed state. At this time, the space in the upper cavity is very small, and dust gathers in the lower cavity. The motor is started, and the transmission shaft drives the cam to move. During the rotation of the cam, the telescopic bracket extends as the cross bar slides. When the highest point of the cam contacts the telescopic bracket, the telescopic bracket rises to its longest position, compressing the dust in the lower cavity downward to the dust discharge hole 3 for discharge. At this time, the cam begins to make a return motion, and the telescopic bracket is gradually returning to its initial state. This is a cycle.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3The second dust removal assembly includes a dust removal chamber 9, which is located between the combustion chamber 1 and the mixing chamber 4. The dust removal chamber 9 is a rectangular box body with the same height as the hot air furnace, and the shell of the dust removal chamber 9 is made of high temperature resistant material. The dust removal chamber 9 is composed of an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body from top to bottom. The lower box body is provided with an air inlet on one side connected to the combustion chamber 1, and the air outlet is installed in the upper box body. The dust removal chamber 9 is connected to the mixing chamber 4 through the air outlet.

[0038] A dust hopper 5 is provided at the bottom of the lower box body, and the dust hopper 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower box body. The dust hopper 5 is in an inverted trapezoidal shape and its height is half of the height of the lower box body. An inspection door is provided on the side of the dust hopper 5 that contacts the outside.

[0039] A limit plate 23 is installed at the upper end of the middle box body, and a fixed plate 25 is installed at the lower end. The limit plate 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust removal chamber 9, leaving a mounting position for the upper port of the dust removal bag 19 in the middle. A plurality of upper grooves are provided above the limit plate 23, and the grooves are matched and connected with the first protrusions 22 fixed on the outer periphery of the dust removal bag 19, and the number of the upper grooves is consistent with the number of the first protrusions 22. The limit plate 23 and the dust removal bag 19 seal the upper opening of the middle box body, so that the gas can only be discharged from the upper opening of the dust removal bag 19. The fixed plate 25 is connected to the dust removal chamber 9 via the bracket 24, and a second protrusion 26 is fixed on the outer surface of the lower end of the dust removal bag 19, and the second protrusion 26 is matched with the lower groove provided above the fixed plate 25, and the number of the second protrusion 26 is consistent with the number of the lower grooves. The dust bag 19 is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the interior of the dust bag 19 is supported by a cage frame 21. The contact parts between the cage frame 21 and the dust bag 19 are provided with wear-resistant pads. A vibrator 20 is installed on the cage frame 21, and the vibrator 20 is controlled by a switch outside the hot air furnace.

[0040] The dust-laden hot air enters from the air inlet, and when passing through the dust hopper 5, some large dust particles in the hot air are separated by gravity and fall directly into the dust hopper 5. After passing through the dust hopper 5, the dust-laden hot air enters the filtration area of ​​the dust bag 19, and the gas passes through the dust bag 19, and the dust is retained on the outer surface of the dust bag 19. After the purified gas enters the upper box through the filter bag opening at the upper end of the dust bag 19, it is discharged from the air outlet into the mixing chamber 4. The vibrator 20 is turned on at a fixed time under the control of the switch to shake off the dust on the surface of the dust bag 19.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1The third dust removal component is arranged in the mixing chamber 4, and the third dust removal component includes a second filter screen 2 arranged at the front end of the exhaust duct 6 in the mixing chamber 4 and a first filter screen 8 arranged at the connection between the upper box and the mixing chamber 4, the first filter screen 8 is embedded above the inner wall of the dust removal chamber 9, and the second filter screen 2 is movably installed at the exhaust port. The mesh of the first filter screen 8 is larger than the mesh of the second filter screen 2, and the flip roller 7 is installed below the first filter screen 8 and above the second filter screen 2. The two ends of the flip roller 7 are rotatably installed on the front and rear side walls of the mixing chamber 4 respectively, and the flip roller 7 is driven by a motor. The flip roller 7 accelerates the mixing of cold and hot air during rotation.

[0042] The working mode of the present invention is:

[0043] During operation, biomass fuel enters the combustion chamber 1 through the screw feeder 10. During the feeding process of the screw feeder 10, the air suction device on the lower surface of the middle partition plate 16 sucks the dust in the fuel from the dust suction hole 14 into the lower cavity of the air suction cover. During the downward pulling process of the telescopic component, the middle partition plate 16 is pressed downward to the dust discharge hole 3, and then the dust is blown from the dust discharge hole 3 into the dust discharge pipe and discharged into the recovery box outside the combustion chamber 1 by the air blower.

[0044] The fuel after dust removal enters the combustion pool at the bottom for combustion, and the hot air from the combustion enters the dust removal chamber 9 through the air inlet opened in the lower box body. When passing through the dust removal hopper 5, some large dust particles in the hot air are separated by gravity and directly fall into the dust removal hopper 5; the dust-containing hot air passes through the dust removal hopper 5 and enters the filtration area of ​​the dust removal bag 19. The gas passes through the dust removal bag 19, and the dust is retained on the outer surface of the dust removal bag 19. The purified gas enters the upper box body through the filter bag opening at the upper end of the dust removal bag 19, and is then discharged from the air outlet into the mixing chamber 4. The vibrator 20 is turned on regularly under the control of the switch to shake off the dust on the surface of the dust removal bag 19;

[0045] The hot air entering the mixing chamber 4 is filtered again by the first filter 8. The filtered gas is accelerated to mix with the cold air gas entering from the outside of the mixing chamber 4 under the rotation of the tumbling roller 7, and then filtered by the second filter 2 and discharged from the hot air furnace and enter the hot air heat exchanger through the pipeline.

[0046] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove, characterized in that: The dust removal device comprises a first dust removal component, a second dust removal component and a third dust removal component; The first dust removal component is installed at the lower end of the feed port, and the first dust removal component comprises a screw feeder (10) and a dust hood wrapping the outer ring of the screw feeder (10), and a telescopic component is arranged in the dust hood; The second dust removal assembly is arranged in a dust removal chamber (9) between the combustion chamber (1) and the mixing chamber (4), and the second dust removal assembly comprises an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body; The third dust removal assembly is arranged in the mixing chamber (4).

2. The dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust hood is a double-layer cylindrical shape, the inner cylinder (13) is arranged around the screw feeder (10), the outer cylinder (12) is arranged concentrically with the inner cylinder (13), a dust discharge hole (3) is provided on one side of the bottom of the outer cylinder (12), and a dust suction hole (14) is provided near the bottom of the inner cylinder (13); A hollow annular cavity is formed between the inner cylinder (13) and the outer cylinder (12), the upper end of the annular cavity is fixed to the top of the combustion chamber (1), the annular cavity is separated into an upper cavity and a lower cavity in the longitudinal direction by a middle partition (16), and a detachable baffle is installed at the bottom of the annular cavity; A telescopic assembly is vertically arranged between the middle partition plate (16) and the top of the combustion chamber (1), and the telescopic assembly is more than one group.

3. The dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly is composed of a planar four-link (11), each of which is composed of four support rods, the support rods are connected at their joints by means of a latch (17), the bottom end of the planar four-link (11) is connected to a middle partition (16), and adjacent planar four-links (11) are connected by means of a connecting pin (18); a slide rail (15) is vertically installed on the inner wall of the annular cavity, the connecting axis of the slide rail (15) and the connecting pin (18) is parallel, the slide rail (15) cooperates with a roller at the bottom end of a cross bar, and the other end of the cross bar is fixed to any one of the connecting pins (18) of the planar four-link (11).

4. The dust removal device for a biomass particle hot air stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (13) and the outer cylinder (12) are of the same height and are equal in height to the screw feeder (10).

5. The dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle partition (16) is installed in an inclined manner, and the dust discharge hole (3) is provided at one end of the middle partition (16) which is inclined downward.

6. The dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second dust removal assembly is composed of an upper box body, a middle box body and a lower box body in the dust removal chamber (9); an air inlet is provided on a side of the lower box body connected to the combustion chamber (1); and a dust removal hopper (5) is provided at the bottom of the lower box body; A limiting plate (23) is installed at the upper end of the middle box body, and a fixing plate (25) is installed at the lower end thereof; a dust removal bag (19) is installed between the limiting plate (23) and the fixing plate (25).

7. The dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 6, characterized in that: An upper groove is provided above the limiting plate (23), and the upper groove is matched and connected with a first protrusion (22) fixed on the outer periphery of the dust removal bag (19); the fixing plate (25) is connected to the inner wall of the middle box body via a bracket (24); a second protrusion (26) is fixed on the outer surface of the lower end of the dust removal bag (19), and the second protrusion (26) is matched with a lower groove provided above the fixing plate (25).

8. A dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The dust removal bag (19) is in an inverted trapezoidal shape. The interior of the dust removal bag (19) is supported by a cage frame (21). A vibrator (20) is installed on the cage frame (21). Wear-resistant pads are provided at the contact parts between the cage frame (21) and the dust removal bag (19).

9. The dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third dust removal assembly comprises a first filter (8) and a second filter (2), wherein the first filter (8) is installed at the connection between the upper box body and the mixing chamber (4), and the second filter (2) is arranged at the front end of the exhaust duct (6), and the exhaust duct (6) is arranged below the flip roller (7), and the flip roller (7) is arranged below the first filter (8), and the two ends of the flip roller (7) are rotatably installed on the front and rear side walls of the mixing chamber (4).

10. The dust removal device for a biomass pellet hot air stove according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first filter screen (8) is embedded above the inner wall of the dust removal chamber (9), and the mesh size of the first filter screen (8) is larger than the mesh size of the second filter screen (2).

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