A detection method for carbon emission accounting in waste incineration projects

Abstract

The present application discloses a detection method for carbon emission accounting in a waste incineration project. The method includes the following steps: obtaining a sample to be detected, where the sample to be detected includes one of the incoming plant waste mixed sample and the incoming furnace waste mixed sample, and the incoming furnace waste mixed sample is sampled from fermented waste, and the incoming plant waste mixed sample is sampled from fresh waste; classifying the sample to be detected based on its physical composition; drying the classified sample to be detected to obtain dry-based samples of each component, and calculating the mass fraction of each component; respectively crushing and preparing samples of the dry-based samples of each component; mixing the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to prepare a dry-based mixed sample and detecting the dry-based mixed sample to obtain carbon emission data. The present application has the effect that the detection data more fully meet the requirements of the carbon accounting methodology for parameters, and makes the carbon emission accounting result closer to the actual situation of the waste incineration project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of waste treatment, and particularly to a detection method for carbon emission accounting in waste incineration projects. Background Art

[0002] Currently, for the detection of carbon emissions in waste incineration projects, the physical and chemical compositions of waste are often used to calculate the carbon emissions during the waste disposal process.

[0003] In related technologies, some key calculation parameters recommended in the carbon emission calculation methodology for waste incineration (such as the fossil carbon content of different waste components, etc.) are not the actual waste characteristic parameters of each waste incineration project, but empirical parameters obtained through statistical analysis based on the waste composition in most countries (especially Western countries). Different waste incineration projects do not adopt standardized and unified sampling and detection methods when collecting the original data for carbon accounting. Different sampling and detection methods have a great impact on the detection results of the physical and chemical compositions of waste. When these detection results are brought into the carbon accounting model for calculation, it will further expand the human error in the carbon emission accounting results of waste incineration projects and it is difficult to represent the actual carbon emissions.

[0004] Therefore, improvements are needed to solve at least one of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address at least one of the above problems, this application provides a detection method for carbon emission accounting in waste incineration projects, including the following technical solutions:

[0006] A detection method for carbon emission accounting in waste incineration projects, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtain a sample to be detected, the sample to be detected including one of the incoming waste mixed sample and the waste sample entering the furnace, wherein the waste sample entering the furnace is sampled from fermented waste, and the incoming waste mixed sample is sampled from fresh waste; classify the sample to be detected based on the physical composition; dry the classified sample to be detected to obtain the dry basis samples of each component, and calculate the mass fraction of each component; perform crushing and sample preparation on the dry basis samples of each component respectively; mix the dry basis samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to obtain a dry basis mixed sample; detect the dry basis mixed sample to obtain carbon emission data.

[0008] Exemplarily, the waste sample entering the furnace is sampled from fermented waste with a fermentation time of more than 5 days, and the incoming waste sample is sampled from fresh waste continuously entering the factory within eight hours on a single day.

[0009] Exemplarily, the obtaining of the sample to be detected includes: sampling to obtain at least two simple samples, where the weight of each simple sample is not less than a first preset weight. The sampling method for each simple sample includes: grabbing the garbage in the sampling area and sprinkling it to make the garbage evenly mixed, and sampling the grabbed garbage to obtain a simple sample; mixing at least two simple samples and sampling to obtain the in-furnace garbage mixed sample and the in-plant garbage mixed sample; where the weight of each in-furnace garbage mixed sample and in-plant garbage mixed sample is not less than a second preset weight.

[0010] Exemplarily, the first preset weight is 50 kg, and the second preset weight is 30 kg.

[0011] Exemplarily, the method further includes: after drying the classified garbage samples to obtain the dry basis samples of each component, calculating the water content of each component.

[0012] Exemplarily, the mixing of the dry basis samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to obtain a dry basis mixed sample includes: mixing the dry basis samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation in proportion based on the mass fraction of each component to obtain a dry basis mixed sample.

[0013] Exemplarily, drying the classified sample to be detected includes: sending the classified sample to be detected into a drying container and then into a constant temperature drying oven for drying.

[0014] Exemplarily, the crushing and sample preparation of the dry basis samples of each component respectively includes: grading and crushing each component of the dried garbage to a first particle size, and then grinding or crushing the particle size of each component of the garbage to a second particle size by a grinder or crusher, and finally reducing the fraction of each component to a predetermined weight according to a predetermined sampling method and bottling for standby.

[0015] Exemplarily, the first particle size is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the second particle size is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0016] Exemplarily, the carbon accounting data includes the test values of elemental analysis, the detection data of calorific value detection, and the detection data of biodegradable organic carbon content.

[0017] The present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0018] Testing the samples at different stages (the in-plant garbage mixed sample and the in-furnace garbage mixed sample) separately, the data obtained by this detection method can more fully meet the requirements of the carbon accounting methodology for parameters, and can make the carbon emission accounting result closer to the actual situation of the waste incineration project. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The following drawings of the present application are hereby incorporated as part of the present application for understanding the present application. The embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are shown in the drawings to explain the apparatus and principles of the present application. In the drawings,

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a garbage sample detection method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a garbage sample sampling process in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a garbage sample classification detection process in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0023] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a more thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0024] It should be understood that the present application can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the dimensions and relative dimensions of layers and regions may be exaggerated. Like reference numerals throughout the drawings denote like elements.

[0025] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be denoted as a second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the present application.

[0026] Spatial relationship terms such as "under", "below", "beneath", "underneath", "above", "over", etc. may be used herein for convenience in describing the relationship of one element or feature shown in the drawings to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings, spatial relationship terms are intended to also include different orientations of the device in use and operation.

[0027] The purpose of the terms used herein is only to describe specific embodiments and is not a limitation of the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "comprising" and / or "including", when used in this specification, identify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the related listed items.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a detection method for carbon emission accounting in a waste incineration project, including the following steps:

[0029] S11. Obtain a sample to be detected, where the sample to be detected includes one of the incoming waste mixed sample and the incinerator waste mixed sample, and the incinerator waste mixed sample is sampled from fermented waste, and the incoming waste mixed sample is sampled from fresh waste;

[0030] S12. Classify the sample to be detected based on its physical composition;

[0031] S13. Dry the classified sample to be detected to obtain dry-based samples of each component, and calculate the mass fraction of each component;

[0032] S14. Crush and prepare samples for each dry-based sample of the components respectively;

[0033] S15. Mix the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to obtain a dry-based mixed sample;

[0034] S16. Detect the dry-based mixed sample to obtain carbon emission data.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, samples at different stages (the incoming waste mixed sample and the incinerator waste mixed sample) are tested separately, and the data obtained by this method for accounting can more fully meet the requirements of the carbon accounting methodology for parameters, and can make the carbon emission accounting result closer to the actual situation of the waste incineration project.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, exemplarily, before obtaining the sample to be detected, it is necessary to confirm the sampling environment and sampling points, including:

[0037] Identify environmental factors that affect the sampling process, including weather conditions, site layout, and safety protection; the sampling points include the area where the currently fed garbage is stacked and the area where the freshly incoming garbage is stacked, which are used for sampling the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated and the mixed sample of the incoming garbage respectively. To ensure that the sample components of the garbage to be incinerated are consistent with the actual components of the incinerated materials, the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated uses the garbage in the currently fed area in the garbage bunker as the sampling object (usually reaching the incineration condition after fermentation for more than 5 days), so the sampling point is the area where the currently fed garbage is stacked. To ensure that the components of the mixed sample of the incoming garbage are consistent with the actual components of the incoming garbage, the incoming garbage uses the freshly incoming garbage that has been continuously incoming for 8 hours in a single day as the sampling object, so the sampling point is the area where the freshly incoming garbage is stacked. By identifying different sampling points and sampling the garbage at different times, the sampling method is more reasonable.

[0038] The steps for collecting the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated and the mixed sample of the incoming garbage are as follows:

[0039] Sample to obtain at least two simple samples, where the weight of each simple sample is not less than the first preset weight, and the sampling method for each of the simple samples includes:

[0040] Grab the garbage in the sampling area and sprinkle it to make the garbage evenly mixed, and sample the garbage grabbed by the grab bucket to obtain a simple sample;

[0041] Mix at least two of the simple samples and sample to obtain the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated or the mixed sample of the incoming garbage; where the weight of each of the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated and the mixed sample of the incoming garbage is not less than the second preset weight.

[0042] Exemplarily, the number of simple samples is 3, and the 3 simple samples are mixed and sampled to obtain the mixed sample of the garbage to be incinerated and the mixed sample of the incoming garbage. Among them, the first preset weight is 50 kg, and the second preset weight is 30 kg.

[0043] The sampling of the garbage to be incinerated and the incoming garbage will be introduced separately below.

[0044] The sampling of the garbage to be incinerated includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Use the garbage in the area of the garbage bunker where the fermentation time is more than 5 days as the sampling object;

[0046] Step 2: Use the grab bucket to grab and sprinkle the garbage in the sampling area, and the number of sprinkling times is not less than 5 times to make the garbage in the sampling area evenly mixed;

[0047] Step 3: Use the grab bucket to grab the garbage in the selected area to the maintenance platform (or other positions where sampling can be carried out);

[0048] Step 4: Sample the garbage grabbed by the grab bucket using the quartering method. Take one simple sample of the garbage, and the weight of one simple sample shall not be less than 50 kg.

[0049] Step 5: Large items or other items that may affect the detection, such as materials with typical characteristics like large plastics, whole pieces of clothing, or industrial waste, etc., shall be avoided in the sampled samples.

[0050] Repeat the above steps to collect 3 simple samples. Before collecting each simple sample, the specified number of garbage throwing operations shall be completed to prevent the same or similar materials from being collected in different simple samples.

[0051] Mix the 3 simple samples, and then use the quartering method for sampling to obtain a "mixed sample of garbage entering the furnace". The mass of a single "mixed sample of garbage entering the furnace" shall not be less than 30 kg.

[0052] Put the sample to be detected into a container for storage and make records.

[0053] The sampling methods for the mixed sample of garbage entering the factory and the mixed sample of garbage entering the furnace are basically the same but have the following differences:

[0054] First, when determining the sampling point, take the fresh garbage entering the factory continuously for 8 hours in a single day as the sampling object. Second, distinguish and manage other typical types of garbage (such as industrial solid waste, biomass, etc.) other than ordinary domestic garbage during the sampling period to avoid mixing them with the ordinary domestic garbage in the sampling area. Refer to the sampling steps 2 - 5 of the mixed sample of garbage entering the furnace above, and a mixed sample of garbage entering the factory can be obtained under different sampling points. Among them, the quartering method (refer to CJT313 - 2009) refers to a sample reduction operation method in which each sample is piled into a uniform conical shape, pressed into a frustum of a cone, and then divided into four equal parts with a cross-shaped frame.

[0055] When storing the sample to be detected, the storage container shall meet the following requirements: The container material shall not react with the substance of the sample to be detected and shall have no permeability; the container shall have good sealing performance; it shall have a lid, plug or valve that meets the requirements and shall be washed and dried before use.

[0056] The stored sample to be detected shall be labeled and have the following identifications: Name and number of the sample to be detected; Name of the unit to which the sample to be detected belongs; Sampling location (entering the furnace or entering the factory, etc.); Brief description of the sampling method (quartering method, etc.); Sampling date and time; Sampling person in charge, etc.; Appropriately increase or decrease according to the actual situation on site.

[0057] As Figure 3 shown, the detection of the mixed sample of garbage entering the furnace and the mixed sample of garbage entering the factory respectively includes the following steps: Classify, dry and classify the dry basis of the garbage, and finally make a mixed sample of the classified samples. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0058] Classify the sample to be detected based on its physical composition;

[0059] Dry the classified sample to be detected to obtain the dry-based samples of each component, calculate the moisture content of each component and the mass fraction of the dry basis of each component;

[0060] Perform crushing and sample preparation on the dry-based samples separately;

[0061] According to the mass fraction of the dry basis of each component, mix the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation in proportion, prepare the dry-based mixed sample of the sample to be detected and detect the dry-based mixed sample.

[0062] Exemplarily, classifying the sample to be detected based on its physical composition is carried out with reference to the following table.

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Exemplarily, the drying method for the classified sample to be detected is as follows: send the classified sample into a drying container, and place the drying container in a drying oven for drying operation to dry the classified garbage sample. Among them, the drying oven can be any type of drying oven, such as an electric blast thermostatic drying oven, an infrared drying oven, a microwave drying oven, etc.

[0066] Performing crushing and sample preparation on the dry-based samples separately includes:

[0067] Gradually crush each component of the dried garbage to the first particle size, and then use a grinder or crusher to grind or crush the particle size of each component of the garbage to the second particle size. Finally, reduce the amount of each component to the predetermined weight by quartering and then bottle it for standby. Among them, the first particle size is less than or equal to 5 mm, the second particle size is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the predetermined weight is 100 g.

[0068] The method adopted in preparing the dry-based mixed sample is to mix various components of the classified sample evenly according to the dry-based ratio of the physical composition of the domestic garbage, prepare the mixed sample for determination. The weight of the mixed sample can be determined according to the requirements of the instrument used for the determination item. The weight of each component is calculated proportionally, and the weighing result is accurate to 0.0005 g. Among them, the carbon accounting data obtained by detecting the sample to be detected includes the test values of elemental analysis, the detection data of calorific value detection, and the detection data of the content of biodegradable organic carbon.

[0069] It should be noted that the mixed sample of the garbage entering the furnace and the mixed sample of the garbage entering the factory are obtained separately during the sampling process. Therefore, the sample detection should also be carried out separately.

[0070] Through the above technical solution, according to the parameter requirements of the carbon emission accounting methodology for waste incineration projects, a sampling and detection method for waste has been developed. When sampling waste, the steps of separately sampling the waste entering the furnace and the waste entering the factory are adopted, and different tests are carried out on the samples at different stages. The data obtained through the above detection method for accounting can reduce the human error in the carbon emission accounting results of waste incineration projects, can more fully meet the parameter requirements of the carbon accounting methodology, and can make the carbon emission accounting results closer to the actual situation of waste incineration projects.

[0071] Although example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above example embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and modifications therein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as claimed in the appended claims.

[0072] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in a hardware or software manner depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0073] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0074] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0075] Similarly, it should be understood that, for the sake of streamlining this application and facilitating the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the description of the exemplary embodiments of this application, the various features of this application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the methods of this application should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed application requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected by the corresponding claims, the inventive point lies in that the corresponding technical problems can be solved with features less than all the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the specific embodiments are hereby expressly incorporated into the specific embodiments, where each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of this application.

[0076] Those skilled in the art can understand that, except for features that are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all the features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all the processes or units of any method or device thus disclosed. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) can be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0077] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that, although some of the embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of this application and forms different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0078] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit this application, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claims. This application can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices can be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not denote any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A detection method for carbon emission accounting in waste incineration projects, characterized in that, the detection method is used to test the waste mixed samples at the incoming plant stage and the waste mixed samples at the furnace inlet stage respectively, and the method includes the following steps: Obtain the sample to be detected, where the sample to be detected includes one of the incoming plant waste mixed sample and the furnace inlet waste mixed sample, and the furnace inlet waste mixed sample is sampled from fermented waste, and the incoming plant waste mixed sample is sampled from fresh waste; Classify the sample to be detected based on its physical composition; Dry the classified sample to be detected to obtain the dry-based samples of each component, and calculate the mass fraction of each component; Crush and prepare samples for each of the dry-based samples of the components; Mix the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to obtain a dry-based mixed sample; Detect the dry-based mixed sample to obtain carbon accounting data, where the carbon accounting data includes the test values of elemental analysis and the detection data of calorific value detection.

2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the furnace inlet waste mixed sample is sampled from fermented waste with a fermentation time of more than 5 days, and the incoming plant waste mixed sample is sampled from fresh waste that enters the plant continuously for eight hours within a single day.

3. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the obtaining of the sample to be detected includes: Sampling to obtain at least two simple samples, where the weight of each simple sample is not less than a first preset weight, and the sampling method for each simple sample includes: Grab the waste in the sampling area and sprinkle it to make the waste evenly mixed, and sample the grabbed waste to obtain a simple sample; Mix at least two of the simple samples and sample to obtain the furnace inlet waste mixed sample or the incoming plant waste mixed sample; where the weight of each furnace inlet waste mixed sample and incoming plant waste mixed sample is not less than a second preset weight.

4. The detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first preset weight is 50 kg, and the second preset weight is 30 kg.

5. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the method further includes: after drying the classified waste samples to obtain the dry-based samples of each component, calculate the water content of each component.

6. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mixing of the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation to obtain a dry-based mixed sample includes: based on the mass fraction of the dry-based of each component, mixing the dry-based samples of each component after crushing and sample preparation in proportion to obtain a dry-based mixed sample.

7. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, drying the classified sample to be detected includes: putting the classified sample to be detected into a drying container and sending it into a constant temperature drying oven for drying.

8. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, crushing and sample preparation for the dry-based samples of each component respectively includes: Gradually crush each component of the dried waste to a first particle size, and then grind or crush the particle size of each component of the waste to a second particle size by a grinding instrument or a crusher, and finally reduce the amount of each component to a predetermined weight according to a predetermined sampling method and bottle it for standby.

9. The detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, the first particle size is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the second particle size is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

10. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the carbon accounting data further includes detection data of the content of biodegradable organic carbon.

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