A comprehensive testing method for the overall bending and torsion mechanics of a rod

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for testing the overall bending and torsion mechanics of a composite rod, wherein the composite rod comprises a main rod, a secondary rod and a cross rod. The main rod is placed horizontally, and the bottom end of the main rod is fixed to a support. A vertical upward concentrated force is applied and the applied concentrated force is distributed to the secondary rod and the cross rod via a force-dividing rod, and the bending and torsion mechanics of the main rod, the secondary rod and the cross rod are observed. When the method is used, a vertical upward concentrated force is applied to the composite rod to cause the composite rod to deform upward. The space above the composite rod is usually large enough, whether in a general testing plant or an outdoor environment, and there is no problem of limited space below when hanging a heavy object downward. Only one concentrated force needs to be applied to achieve simultaneous loading of the secondary rod and the cross rod, satisfying the characteristic that the secondary rod and the cross rod of the composite rod are subjected to force simultaneously during actual use. The force-dividing rod can decompose the concentrated force into the secondary rod and the cross rod in a proportional relationship, so that the detection loading force of the secondary rod and the cross rod changes proportionally with the change of the concentrated force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bending and torsion mechanical testing of rods, and in particular to a method for overall bending and torsion mechanical testing of integrated rods. Background Art

[0002] With the development of municipal facilities, the original separate structures such as lighting, road network management video surveillance and communication have gradually been replaced by integrated poles that integrate lighting, video surveillance and communication. In order to ensure the safety of the integrated pole during actual use, the overall mechanical detection of the bending and torsion of the integrated pole is essential. The overall detection method of the bending and torsion of the integrated pole in the prior art is to place the integrated pole horizontally and load the force by hanging heavy objects on the integrated pole. The problem with this loading method is that as the size of the pole increases, the end of the integrated pole often touches the ground before the designed load reaches the loading design value, making it difficult to load the load. Therefore, it is necessary to design a bending and torsion mechanical detection method that can be applied to large-sized integrated poles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem that the above-mentioned conventional method for detecting the bending and torsion of an integrated rod cannot be applied to large-sized integrated rods, the present application provides a method for detecting the overall bending and torsion mechanics of an integrated rod.

[0004] The overall bending-torsion mechanical testing method of the integrated rod provided in this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for detecting the overall bending and torsional mechanical properties of an integrated rod, wherein the integrated rod comprises a main rod, a secondary rod and a cross rod. The main rod is placed horizontally, and the bottom end of the main rod is fixed to a support. A vertical upward concentrated force is applied and the applied vertical upward concentrated force is distributed to the secondary rod and the cross rod through a force distribution rod, and the bending and torsional mechanical properties of the main rod, the secondary rod and the cross rod are observed.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the overall bending and torsion mechanical testing method of the integrated rod of the present application applies a vertical upward concentrated force to the horizontally placed integrated rod to deform the integrated rod upward. The space above is usually large enough, whether in a general testing plant or in an outdoor environment, to prevent the deformation of the integrated rod. There is no problem of limited space below for hanging heavy objects downward, and it can be applied to large-sized integrated rods. Moreover, during the test, only a vertical upward concentrated force needs to be loaded to achieve the simultaneous loading of the auxiliary rod and the cross bar, meeting the characteristics of the auxiliary rod and the cross bar of the integrated rod being subjected to force at the same time during actual use, making it easier to load the force. In addition, the force distribution rod can decompose the concentrated force into the auxiliary rod and the cross bar in proportion, so that the detection loading force of the auxiliary rod and the cross bar changes proportionally with the change of the concentrated force, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0007] Optionally, the force component rod is a rod with both ends simply supported and fixed and the middle part subjected to concentrated force. Under the action of the concentrated force, the maximum deformation of the force component rod is less than or equal to one thousandth of the length of the rod.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the error effect caused by the deformation of the force component rod on the force decomposition is reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of detection.

[0009] Optionally, before applying the vertical upward concentrated force, the loading position on the auxiliary rod and the cross rod and the magnitude of the required design loading force are determined, the simply supported fixed position of the component rod is determined, and the position and maximum value of the vertical upward concentrated force to be applied are calculated. The maximum value of the vertical upward concentrated force is determined by the design bending moment, design torque and load loading position of the rods that make up the integrated rod.

[0010] Optionally, when determining the loading position on the secondary rod and the cross bar, first select a preloading position on the secondary rod and the cross bar respectively, calculate the size of the vertical upward design loading force required for the corresponding secondary rod or cross bar according to the preloading position and the corresponding design bending moment or design torque, calculate the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod under the action of each design loading force according to the preloading position on the secondary rod and the cross bar and the size and direction of the corresponding design loading force, compare the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod, and if the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod is within the allowable range, then determine the loading position on the secondary rod and the cross bar. loading position; if the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod is not within the allowable range, adjust the preloading position on the auxiliary rod or cross rod and recalculate the required design loading force of the adjusted auxiliary rod and cross rod, and then recalculate the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod according to the adjusted preloading position of the auxiliary rod and cross rod and the size of the corresponding design loading force, and then compare the recalculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod, until the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod is within the allowable range, and then determine the loading position on the auxiliary rod and cross rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an integrated pole when the integrated pole is tested using the overall bending-torsion mechanics testing method for the integrated pole according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the force component principle of the force component rod in the overall bending and torsional mechanical detection method of the integrated rod in the embodiment of the present application.

[0013] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. integrated pole; 11. main pole; 12. auxiliary pole; 13. cross pole; 2. buttress; 3. first force component pole; 4. second force component pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application discloses a method for detecting the overall bending and torsional mechanics of an integrated rod. The integrated rod includes a main rod 11, a secondary rod 12 and a cross rod 13. The main rod 11 is placed horizontally, and the bottom end of the main rod 11 is fixed on a support. A vertically upward concentrated force is applied and the applied vertically upward concentrated force is divided into the secondary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 through a force component rod, and the bending and torsional mechanics of the main rod 11, the secondary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 are observed. Before applying the vertically upward concentrated force, it is necessary to determine the loading position on the secondary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 and the size of the required design loading force, as well as the simply supported fixed position of the force component rod, and calculate the position and maximum value of the vertically upward concentrated force to be applied. The maximum value of the vertically upward concentrated force is determined by the design bending moment, design torque and load loading position of the rods that make up the integrated rod. In this embodiment, the support member is a pier 2. The integrated rod 1 includes a main rod 11 and a secondary rod 12 and two cross rods 13 welded and fixed to the main rod 11. The main rod 11, secondary rod 12 and cross rod 13 are in the same plane. The secondary rod 12 is fixed to the overhanging end of the main rod 11 and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the main rod 11. The length direction of the two cross rods 13 is perpendicular to the length direction of the main rod 11.

[0016] When determining the loading position on the auxiliary rod 12 and each cross bar 13 and the size of the required design loading force, first select a preloading position on the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross bar 13 respectively, and calculate the size of the vertical upward design loading force required for the corresponding auxiliary rod 12 or cross bar 13 according to the preloading position and the corresponding design bending moment or design torque. According to the preloading position on the auxiliary rod 12 and each cross bar 13 and the size and direction of the corresponding design loading force, calculate the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 under the action of each design loading force, and compare the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod 11. If the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod 11 is within the allowable range, then determine the auxiliary rod 12 and each cross bar. The loading position on the cross bar 13; if the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod 11 is not within the allowable range, the preloading position on the auxiliary rod 12 or the cross bar 13 is adjusted and the design loading force required for the adjusted auxiliary rod 12 and cross bar 13 is recalculated, and then the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 are recalculated according to the adjusted preloading position of the auxiliary rod 12 and cross bar 13 and the size of the corresponding design loading force, and then the recalculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 are compared with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod 11, until the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod 11 and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod 11 is within the allowable range, and then the loading position on the auxiliary rod 12 and each cross bar 13 is determined.

[0017] In this embodiment, the force component rod includes a first force component rod 3 and a second force component rod 4. The first force component rod 3 is fixedly connected to the loading position of the adjacent auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13. The second force component rod 4 is fixedly connected to the loading position of the first force component rod 3 and the remaining cross rods 13. The vertical upward concentrated force acts on the second force component rod 4. When determining the simply supported fixed positions of the force component members and calculating the position and maximum value of the vertically directed concentrated force to be applied, the maximum concentrated force is defined as F1. The force exerted by the remaining crossbar 13 on the second force component member 4 is F3. The force exerted by the first force component member 3 on the second force component member 4 is F2. The distance from the loading position of F1 to the loading position of F2 is L1, the distance from the loading position of F1 to the loading position of F3 is L2, the distance from the loading position of F2 to the loading position of F4 is L3, and the distance from the loading position of F2 to the loading position of F5 is L4. The force exerted by the auxiliary rod 12 connected to the first force component member 3 on the first force component member 3 is F4, and the force exerted by the crossbar 13 connected to the first force component member 3 on the first force component member 3 is F5. The distance between the loading positions of F2 and F3 is the sum of L1 and L2. The distance between the loading positions of F4 and F5 is the sum of L3 and L4. Calculate the loading positions and sizes of F2 and F1, ensuring that F3, F4, and F5 are equal to the design loading forces required for the corresponding members. The loading position and size of F2 satisfy F4 = F2*L4 / (L3+L4) and F5 = F2*L3 / (L3+L4). The loading position and size of F1 satisfy F2 = F1*L2 / (L1+L2) and F3 = F1*L1 / (L1+L2). The sizes of F3, F4, and F5 are known. The distance L3+L4 between the loading positions of F4 and F5 can be measured, and the distance L1+L2 between the loading positions of F2 and F3 can also be measured. Therefore, the loading positions and sizes of F2 and F1 can be calculated using the above formula.

[0018] After calculating the magnitudes of F1 and F2 and the loading positions, the first and second force components 3 and 4 are simply supported and fixed. A concentrated force is then applied to the second force component 4 using a crane or a gantry. This concentrated force is gradually increased to F1 while observing the bending and torsional mechanical states of the main rod 11, auxiliary rod 12, and crossbar 13. When the concentrated force is applied, the maximum deformation of the first force component 3 must be less than or equal to one thousandth of its length, and the maximum deformation of the second force component 4 must be less than or equal to one thousandth of its length.

[0019] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: when the overall bending and torsional mechanical testing method of the integrated rod of the present application is in use, a vertical upward testing loading force is applied to the sub-rod 12 and the cross rod 13 of the horizontally placed integrated rod 1 to cause the integrated rod 1 to deform upward. The space above is usually large enough whether in a general testing plant or in an outdoor environment, which is sufficient to accommodate the deformation of the integrated rod 1. There is no problem of limited space below for hanging heavy objects downward, and it can be applied to large-sized integrated rods 1. In addition, the first force component rod 3 and the second force component rod 4 decompose the concentrated force onto the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13, so that during detection, only a vertical upward concentrated force needs to be loaded to achieve simultaneous loading of the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13, satisfying the characteristic that the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 of the integrated rod 1 are subjected to force at the same time during actual use, making it simpler to load the force; moreover, the first force component rod 3 and the second force component rod 4 can decompose the concentrated force onto the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 in proportion, so that the detection loading force of the auxiliary rod 12 and the cross rod 13 changes in proportion to the change of the concentrated force, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0020] The examples of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the overall bending and torsion mechanics of an integrated rod, wherein the integrated rod comprises a main rod (11), a secondary rod (12) and a cross rod (13), characterized in that: The auxiliary rod (12) is fixed to the overhanging end of the main rod (11) and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the main rod (11), and the length direction of the cross rod (13) is perpendicular to the length direction of the main rod (11); The main rod (11) is placed horizontally, and the bottom end of the main rod (11) is fixed on the support member, a vertical upward concentrated force is applied, and the applied vertical upward concentrated force is distributed to the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) through the force distribution rod, and the bending and torsion mechanical states of the main rod (11), the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) are observed; Before applying the vertically upward concentrated force, the loading position on the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) and the magnitude of the required design loading force are determined, the simply supported fixed position of the component rod is determined, and the position and maximum value of the vertically upward concentrated force to be applied are calculated. The maximum value of the vertically upward concentrated force is determined by the design bending moment, design torque and load loading position of each component rod of the integrated rod; When determining the loading position on the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13), first select a preloading position on each of the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13), calculate the size of the vertical upward design loading force required for the corresponding auxiliary rod (12) or cross rod (13) according to the preloading position and the corresponding design bending moment or design torque, calculate the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) under the action of each design loading force according to the preloading position on the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) and the size and direction of the corresponding design loading force, compare the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod (11), and if the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod (11) is within the allowable range, then determine the loading position on the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13); If the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod (11) is not within the allowable range, the preload position on the auxiliary rod (12) or the cross rod (13) is adjusted and the required design loading force of the adjusted auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) is recalculated, and then the bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) are recalculated according to the adjusted preload position of the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) and the size of the corresponding design loading force, and then the recalculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) are compared with the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod (11), until the error between the calculated bending moment and torque generated by the main rod (11) and the design bending moment and design torque of the main rod (11) is within the allowable range, and then the loading position on the auxiliary rod (12) and the cross rod (13) is determined; The force component rod comprises a first force component rod (3) and a second force component rod (4); the first force component rod (3) is fixedly connected to the loading positions of the adjacent auxiliary rods (12) and cross rods (13); the second force component rod (4) is fixedly connected to the loading positions of the first force component rod (3) and the remaining cross rods (13); a vertically upward concentrated force acts on the second force component rod (4); the first force component rod (3) and the second force component rod (4) decompose the concentrated force into the auxiliary rods (12) and cross rods (13) in proportion, so that the detection loading forces of the auxiliary rods (12) and cross rods (13) change in proportion to the change of the concentrated force.

2. The overall bending-torsion mechanics testing method of a comprehensive rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The force component rod is a rod with both ends simply supported and fixed and the middle part subjected to concentrated force. Under the action of concentrated force, the maximum deformation of the force component rod is less than or equal to one thousandth of the rod length.

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