A tunnel model box test system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel model box test system, comprising a model box, a tunnel model device, a power trolley model, a mobile power loading device, a reaction force regulating device, an excitation device and a data measurement and acquisition device; wherein the mobile power loading device can realize the adjustable speed of the power trolley model, and can more realistically simulate the movement and speed of the subway during operation; the reaction force regulating device can adjust the spatial position of the power trolley model, so that the power trolley model can be reconnected to ensure the normal operation of the vibration simulation, thereby more realistically simulating the subway operation when the soil body is unevenly settled; the excitation device can control the vibration force of each exciter, realize multi-point positioning excitation, and thus more realistically simulate the vibration load during the subway operation; thus, the present invention can accurately predict and explore the safety hazards brought by the subway's cyclic vibration to the existing tunnel, and has the advantages of simple operation, reasonable accuracy, and economic efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel and underground space engineering model tests, and in particular relates to a tunnel model box test system capable of simulating the influence of subway cyclic vibration on a power tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Currently, relatively little research has been conducted on the propagation of subway vibrations. During subway operation, the train's own dynamic forces and the dynamic loads of wheel-rail contact cause the vehicle and track structure to vibrate. Track vibrations are transmitted through the roadbed, tunnels, and other structures into the ground, generating vibration waves that in turn cause vibrations in other underground pipelines, structures, and buildings along the line. This vibration-induced environmental impact is becoming increasingly serious, negatively impacting the lives and production activities of residents along the line and causing interference with nearby buildings and precision instruments. This is particularly true given the increasing complexity of underground space development, which inevitably leads to the overlap of subway tunnels and other municipal pipelines.

[0003] With the accelerating pace of urbanization, urban underground structures, municipal pipeline networks, and subway tunnels are becoming increasingly complex. The distances between subway tunnels and existing tunnels, as well as between subway tunnels and other structures and buildings, are becoming increasingly smaller. This leads to a series of problems such as displacement and deformation under the vibration loads generated by long-term subway operations. For example, as the lifeline of urban development, an increasing number of high-voltage cables are being routed underground through power tunnels. Therefore, during the construction of power tunnels, they are bound to overlap or run parallel to subway lines. When existing tunnels, such as power tunnels or water pipelines, overlap with subway tunnels, subway train loads transmit vibrations through the surrounding soil to the adjacent existing tunnels. The weak soil surrounding the existing tunnels softens or creeps under the long-term vibration loads of trains, causing settlement in the overlapping areas of the existing tunnels. Excessive settlement can lead to tension and compression cracking of the existing tunnel segments, causing groundwater infiltration and posing significant safety risks. Therefore, studying the vibration response of the subway tunnel-soil-existing tunnel interaction under subway operating loads is of great significance.

[0004] Therefore, in order to accurately predict and explore the safety hazards brought by subway cyclic vibration to existing tunnels, a tunnel model box test system that is simple to operate, reasonably accurate, and cost-effective is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel model box test system which is simple to operate, reasonably accurate, economical and effective, and can more realistically simulate the influence of subway cyclic vibration on existing tunnels.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A tunnel model box test system includes a model box, a tunnel model device, a power trolley model, a mobile power loading device, a reaction force adjustment device, a vibration excitation device, and a data measurement and acquisition device;

[0008] The model box is filled with prototype soil;

[0009] The tunnel model device includes a subway tunnel model, a roadbed model, a sleeper rail model, a rail model, and an existing tunnel model. The subway tunnel model is a pipe structure and longitudinally passes through the front and rear end surfaces of the model box. The roadbed model, sleeper rail model, and rail model are laid in sequence from bottom to top on the bottom of the subway tunnel model. The power trolley model is movably arranged on the rail model. The existing tunnel model is a pipe structure and transversely passes through the left and right end surfaces of the model box.

[0010] The mobile power loading device includes a servo controller, a servo motor and a screw-nut pair. The servo controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and is used to control the speed of the servo motor. The power output end of the servo motor is connected to the power trolley model through the screw-nut pair and can drive the power trolley model to move longitudinally on the rail model.

[0011] The reaction force adjustment device includes a reaction force adjustment controller, a mechanical arm, an adjustment rod and a mounting seat. The reaction force adjustment controller is electrically connected to the mechanical arm and is used to control the spatial position of the end of the mechanical arm. The mounting seat is fixed to the top of the power car model and can move longitudinally with the power car model. The adjustment rod longitudinally penetrates the front and rear end surfaces of the model box. The mechanical arm is provided with two and is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the model box. The ends of the two mechanical arms are respectively connected to the two ends of the adjustment rod, and the mounting seat is slidably connected to the adjustment rod.

[0012] The excitation device includes a vibration exciter and a vibration force controller, wherein the vibration exciters are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed longitudinally within the power car model, the mounting ends of the vibration exciters are fixed to the mounting base, and the vibration exciter ends can apply a vibration force to the bottom plate of the power car model, and the vibration force controller is wirelessly connected to the vibration exciters and is used to control the vibration force of the vibration exciters;

[0013] The data measurement and acquisition device includes an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, a strain gauge, an earth pressure box sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a data processing terminal; the acceleration sensor, displacement sensor, strain gauge and earth pressure box sensor are electrically connected to the data input end of the data acquisition instrument respectively, and the data output end of the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the data processing terminal.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the subway tunnel model is a pipeline structure formed by splicing multiple annular pipe bodies; the existing tunnel model is a pipeline structure formed by splicing multiple annular pipe bodies.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple acceleration sensors, some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model and in the prototype soil near it, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model and in the prototype soil near it; there are multiple displacement sensors, some of which are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model, and some are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the existing tunnel model; there are multiple strain gauges, some of which are arranged on the outer surface and inner surface of the subway tunnel model, and some are arranged on the outer surface and inner surface of the existing tunnel model; there are multiple soil pressure box sensors, some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model and in the prototype soil near it, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model and in the prototype soil near it.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model are staggered and spliced ​​by stainless steel rods and anchor glue; the two adjacent annular tubes in the existing tunnel model are staggered and spliced ​​by stainless steel rods and anchor glue.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the model box is composed of organic glass plates and a metal frame, with organic glass plates surrounding it and an open top; adhesive strips are provided at the connection parts between the organic glass plates and the metal frame.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic glass plates located on the front and rear sides are provided with first holes connected to the two end ports of the subway tunnel model, and a plurality of first lead wire slots are provided above or below the first holes; the organic glass plates located on the left and right sides are provided with second holes connected to the two end ports of the existing tunnel model, and a plurality of second lead wire slots are provided above or below the second holes.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first opening and the port of the subway tunnel model, as well as the second opening and the port of the existing tunnel model, are connected by boundary simulation connectors. The boundary simulation connectors include multiple metal blocks and multiple springs. The multiple metal blocks are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the springs are connected between two adjacent metal blocks.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a layer of elastic colloid is provided on the contact interface between the model box and the prototype soil.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the data processing terminal is electrically connected to the servo controller, the reaction force adjustment controller and the vibration force controller respectively.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power car model is provided with a charging power supply that can provide electrical energy to the exciter.

[0023] The tunnel model box test system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0024] (1) The present invention can achieve adjustable speed of the power trolley model by setting a mobile power loading device, and can more realistically simulate the movement and speed of the subway during operation.

[0025] (2) The present invention can adjust the spatial position of the power trolley model by setting the reaction force adjustment device, so that the power trolley model can be reconnected to ensure the normal operation of the vibration simulation, thereby being able to more realistically simulate the subway operation when the soil settles unevenly;

[0026] (3) The present invention can control the vibration force of each exciter through the setting of the excitation device, realize multi-point positioning excitation, and thus can more realistically simulate the vibration load during subway operation;

[0027] In summary, the tunnel model box test system of the present invention can more realistically simulate the operating status of subway tunnels, accurately predict and explore the safety hazards brought by subway cyclic vibration to existing tunnels, and has the advantages of simple operation, reasonable accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0029] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel model box test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the subway tunnel model, roadbed model, sleeper model, rail model and power trolley model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA in the structure shown;

[0032] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of BB in the structure shown;

[0033] Figure 5 This is the connection structure diagram between the subway tunnel model and the model box;

[0034] Figure 6 It is the connection structure diagram of the existing tunnel model and the model box;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the boundary simulation connector;

[0036] Markings in the figure:

[0037] Model box 1; organic glass plate 11; the metal frame 12; the first hole 13; the second hole 14; the first lead wire slot 15; the second lead wire slot 16; the subway tunnel model 21; the roadbed model 22; the sleeper rail model 23; the rail model 24; the existing tunnel model 25; the power trolley model 3; the mobile power loading device 4; the servo controller 41; the servo motor 42; the screw nut pair 43; the reaction force adjustment device 5; the reaction force adjustment controller 51; the mechanical arm 52; the adjustment rod 53; the mounting seat 54; the vibrator 61; the vibration force controller 62; the acceleration sensor 71; the displacement sensor 72; the strain gauge 73; the soil pressure box sensor 74; the data acquisition instrument 75; the data processing terminal 76; the prototype soil 8; the boundary simulation connector 9; the metal block 91; the spring 92; the elastic colloid 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] Please also refer to Figures 1 to 7 Now, the tunnel model box test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel model box test system of an embodiment of the present invention includes a model box 1, a tunnel model device, a power trolley model 3, a mobile power loading device 4, a reaction force adjustment device 5, an excitation device and a data measurement and acquisition device.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the model box 1 is filled with prototype soil 8, and the prototype soil 8 fills every corner of the model box 1. In this embodiment, the model box 1 is in the shape of a cube (with a size of 3m*3m*3m) and is composed of a plexiglass plate 11 and a metal frame 12. It is surrounded by transparent plexiglass plates 11, the top is open, and the bottom is connected to the original soil (that is, a soil body that forms a whole with the prototype soil 8 is laid under the model box 1). The plexiglass plate 11 can be used as a transparent window to facilitate observation of the settlement dynamics of the prototype soil 8. At the same time, the plexiglass material has high strength and a certain bearing capacity. In addition, the entire model box is of moderate size and does not occupy a large area. The material is cheap and easy to obtain. The assembly process is convenient and easy, which can effectively save money. At the same time, no large machinery is required during the installation process, which reduces the installation risk.

[0045] Furthermore, adhesive strips are provided at the connection portions between the organic glass plate 11 and the metal frame 12 , which can better bond the metal frame 12 and the organic glass plate 11 while preventing the model box 1 from leaking soil or seepage.

[0046] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the tunnel model device includes a subway tunnel model 21, a roadbed model 22, a sleeper rail model 23, a rail model 24 and an existing tunnel model 25 (the structure shown in the figure takes the power tunnel model as an example). The subway tunnel model 21 is a pipeline structure and longitudinally passes through the front and rear end surfaces of the model box 1. The roadbed model 22, the sleeper rail model 23 and the rail model 24 are laid in sequence from bottom to top at the bottom of the subway tunnel model 21, and the power trolley model 3 is movably arranged on the rail model 24; the existing tunnel model 25 is a pipeline structure and runs horizontally through the left and right end faces of the model box 1; in this embodiment, the subway tunnel model 21 is a pipe structure formed by splicing a plurality of annular pipe bodies, and its cross section is circular; the adjacent two annular pipe bodies in the subway tunnel model 21 are staggered and spliced ​​by stainless steel rods and anchor glue; the roadbed model 22 is composed of concrete mixed with coarse aggregates and various materials with reduced strength in equal proportions; the sleeper model 23 is composed of square metal, and its surface is coated with rust-proof material; the rail model 24 is cut from metal strips, and its surface is coated with rust-proof material. The existing tunnel model 25 is a pipe structure formed by splicing a plurality of annular pipe bodies, and its cross section is square; the adjacent two annular pipe bodies in the existing tunnel model 25 are staggered and spliced ​​by stainless steel rods and anchor glue.

[0047] Accordingly, if Figure 1 As shown, the front and rear plexiglass panels 11 are provided with first openings 13 connected to the two end ports of the subway tunnel model 21; the left and right plexiglass panels 11 are provided with second openings 14 connected to the two end ports of the existing tunnel model 25. It should be noted that the relative positions of the openings in the model box 1 can be adjusted based on the spatial location of the subway tunnel and the existing tunnel, enabling simulation of working conditions under different spatial intersection positions and distance conditions.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the mobile power loading device 4 includes a servo controller 41, a servo motor 42, and a screw-nut pair 43. The servo controller 41 is electrically connected to the servo motor 42 and is used to control the rotation speed of the servo motor 42. The power output end of the servo motor 42 is connected to the power trolley model 3 through the screw-nut pair 43, and can drive the power trolley model 3 to move longitudinally on the rail model 24. Therefore, by inputting working parameters into the servo controller 41, the rotation speed of the servo motor 42 is controlled, and the screw-nut pair 43 converts the rotational power of the servo motor 42 into a driving force for the longitudinal movement of the power trolley model 3, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the speed of the power trolley model 3 and more realistically simulating the movement and speed of the subway during operation.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the reaction force adjustment device 5 includes a reaction force adjustment controller 51, a mechanical arm 52, an adjustment rod 53, and a mounting seat 54. The reaction force adjustment controller 51 is electrically connected to the mechanical arm 52 and is used to control the spatial position of the end of the mechanical arm 52. The mounting seat 54 is fixed to the top of the power trolley model 3 and can move longitudinally with the power trolley model 3. The adjustment rod 53 longitudinally extends through the front and rear ends of the model box 1. The mechanical arm 52 is provided with two and is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the model box 1. The ends of the two mechanical arms 52 are respectively connected to the ends of the adjustment rod 53. The mounting seat 54 is slidably connected to the adjustment rod 53. Therefore, when the soil around the tunnel settles due to vibration and causes the power trolley model 3 to derail, the spatial position of the end of the mechanical arm 52 can be controlled by inputting working parameters into the reaction force adjustment controller 51, thereby driving the adjustment rod 53 to adjust the spatial position of the power trolley model 3, so that the power trolley model 3 is reconnected, ensuring the normal operation of the vibration simulation, and thus more realistically simulating subway operation when the soil settles unevenly.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the excitation device includes an exciter 61 and a vibration force controller 62. The exciter 61 is provided in plurality and evenly distributed longitudinally within the power trolley model 3. The mounting end of the exciter 61 is fixed to the mounting base 54. The excitation end of the exciter 61 can apply a vibration force to the bottom plate of the power trolley model 3. The vibration force controller 62 and the exciter 61 are wirelessly connected via a wireless communication module such as Bluetooth, WiFi, ZigBee, 4G or 5G. Thus, by inputting working parameters into the vibration force controller 62, the vibration force of each exciter 61 is controlled, and multi-point positioning excitation is achieved, which can more realistically simulate the vibration load during subway operation.

[0051] It should be noted that the power car model 3 is also provided with a charging power supply (not shown in the figure) that can provide electrical energy to the exciter 61.

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the data measurement and acquisition device includes an acceleration sensor 71, a displacement sensor 72, a strain gauge 73, an earth pressure cell sensor 74, a data acquisition instrument 75, and a data processing terminal 76. The acceleration sensor 71, displacement sensor 72, strain gauge 73, and earth pressure cell sensor 74 are electrically connected to the data input terminal of the data acquisition instrument 75, and the data output terminal of the data acquisition instrument 75 is electrically connected to the data processing terminal 76. During simulation operation, the data acquisition instrument 75 can collect measurement data from the acceleration sensor 71, displacement sensor 72, strain gauge 73, earth pressure cell sensor 74, etc., and send this measurement data to the data processing terminal 76 for processing. In this embodiment, the acceleration sensors 71 are provided in plurality, some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model 21 and in the prototype soil 8 adjacent thereto, and some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model 25 and in the prototype soil 8 adjacent thereto. The acceleration sensors 71 are capable of measuring the acceleration of the subway tunnel model 21, the existing tunnel model 25, and the prototype soil 8 under the vibration induced by the vibrator 61, which is conducive to studying the propagation law corresponding to the acceleration. The displacement sensors 72 are preferably wire-type displacement sensors, and are provided in plurality, some of which are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model 21, and some of which are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the existing tunnel model 25. The displacement sensors 72 are capable of measuring the amount of expansion of two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model 21 and the existing tunnel model 25 under the vibration induced by the vibrator 61. A plurality of strain gauges 73 are provided, some of which are arranged on the outer and inner surfaces of the subway tunnel model 21, and some of which are arranged on the outer and inner surfaces of the existing tunnel model 25. The strain gauges 73 are capable of measuring the deformation of the subway tunnel model 21 and the existing tunnel model 25 under the vibration induced by the vibrator 61. A plurality of earth pressure cell sensors 74 are provided, some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model 21 and in the prototype soil 8 nearby, and some of which are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model 25 and in the prototype soil 8 nearby. The earth pressure cell sensors 74 are capable of measuring the earth pressure of the subway tunnel model 21, the existing tunnel model 25, and the prototype soil 8 under the vibration induced by the vibrator 61.

[0053] It should be noted that if Figure 1 As shown, the acceleration sensor 71, displacement sensor 72, strain gauge 73, and earth pressure cell sensor 74 are each connected to the external data acquisition instrument 75 via wires. To facilitate routing and leading out the wires, multiple first lead notches 15 are provided above or below the first opening 13; and multiple second lead notches 16 are provided above or below the second opening 14.

[0054] For example, Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the first opening 13 and the end of the subway tunnel model 21, as well as the second opening 14 and the end of the existing tunnel model 25, are connected by a boundary simulation connector 9. The boundary simulation connector 9 is used to simulate the stiffness and strength of the subway tunnel model 21 and the existing tunnel model 25, thereby achieving the effect of simulating an infinite boundary. This makes the simulation of the subway tunnel model 21 and the existing tunnel model 25 more realistic, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data. In this embodiment, the boundary simulation connector 9 includes multiple metal blocks 91 and multiple springs 92. The multiple metal blocks 91 are arranged in a longitudinally spaced manner, and the springs 92 are connected between two adjacent metal blocks.

[0055] For example, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a layer of elastic colloid 10 is provided on the contact interface between the model box 1 and the prototype soil 8, which is used to simulate the infinite ground boundary of the prototype soil 8, that is, the infinite soil boundary, effectively reducing the boundary reflection effect, so that the simulation of the prototype soil 8 is closer to the actual engineering situation, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test data.

[0056] For example, there are raised limiting portions on both longitudinal sides of the adjusting rod 53 to prevent the power car model 3 from moving beyond the length of the model box 1.

[0057] For example, the data processing terminal 76 is electrically connected to the servo controller 41, the reaction force adjustment controller 51, and the vibration force controller 62. Thus, the data processing terminal 76 can centrally process data such as the speed, spatial position, and vibration load of the power car model 3.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel model box test system, characterized in that: It includes a model box, a tunnel model device, a power trolley model, a mobile power loading device, a reaction force adjustment device, a vibration excitation device and a data measurement and acquisition device; The model box is filled with prototype soil; The tunnel model device includes a subway tunnel model, a roadbed model, a sleeper rail model, a rail model, and an existing tunnel model. The subway tunnel model is a pipe structure and longitudinally passes through the front and rear end surfaces of the model box. The roadbed model, sleeper rail model, and rail model are laid in sequence from bottom to top on the bottom of the subway tunnel model. The power trolley model is movably arranged on the rail model. The existing tunnel model is a pipe structure and transversely passes through the left and right end surfaces of the model box. The mobile power loading device includes a servo controller, a servo motor and a screw-nut pair. The servo controller is electrically connected to the servo motor and is used to control the speed of the servo motor. The power output end of the servo motor is connected to the power trolley model through the screw-nut pair and can drive the power trolley model to move longitudinally on the rail model. The reaction force adjustment device includes a reaction force adjustment controller, a mechanical arm, an adjustment rod and a mounting seat. The reaction force adjustment controller is electrically connected to the mechanical arm and is used to control the spatial position of the end of the mechanical arm. The mounting seat is fixed to the top of the power car model and can move longitudinally with the power car model. The adjustment rod longitudinally penetrates the front and rear end surfaces of the model box. The mechanical arm is provided with two and is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the model box. The ends of the two mechanical arms are respectively connected to the two ends of the adjustment rod, and the mounting seat is slidably connected to the adjustment rod. The excitation device includes a vibration exciter and a vibration force controller, wherein the vibration exciters are provided in plurality and are evenly distributed longitudinally within the power car model, the mounting ends of the vibration exciters are fixed to the mounting base, and the vibration exciter ends can apply a vibration force to the bottom plate of the power car model, and the vibration force controller is wirelessly connected to the vibration exciters and is used to control the vibration force of the vibration exciters; The data measurement and acquisition device includes an acceleration sensor, a displacement sensor, a strain gauge, an earth pressure box sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a data processing terminal; the acceleration sensor, displacement sensor, strain gauge and earth pressure box sensor are electrically connected to the data input end of the data acquisition instrument respectively, and the data output end of the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected to the data processing terminal.

2. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subway tunnel model is a pipeline structure formed by splicing multiple annular pipe bodies; the existing tunnel model is a pipeline structure formed by splicing multiple annular pipe bodies.

3. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acceleration sensors are provided in plurality, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model and in the prototype soil near the subway tunnel model, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model and in the prototype soil near the subway tunnel model; the displacement sensors are provided in plurality, and some are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model, and some are arranged at the connection between two adjacent annular tubes in the existing tunnel model; the strain gauges are provided in plurality, and some are arranged on the outer surface and inner surface of the subway tunnel model, and some are arranged on the outer surface and inner surface of the existing tunnel model; The soil pressure box sensors are provided in plurality, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the subway tunnel model and in the prototype soil nearby, and some are arranged on the outer surface of the existing tunnel model and in the prototype soil nearby.

4. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two adjacent annular tubes in the subway tunnel model are staggered and spliced ​​together by stainless steel rods and anchor glue; the two adjacent annular tubes in the existing tunnel model are staggered and spliced ​​together by stainless steel rods and anchor glue.

5. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model box is composed of an organic glass plate and a metal frame. The four sides of the model box are organic glass plates and the top is open. The connecting parts between the organic glass plate and the metal frame are all provided with adhesive strips.

6. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plexiglass plates located on the front and rear sides are provided with first holes connected to the two end ports of the subway tunnel model, and a plurality of first lead wire slots are provided above or below the first holes; the plexiglass plates located on the left and right sides are provided with second holes connected to the two end ports of the existing tunnel model, and a plurality of second lead wire slots are provided above or below the second holes.

7. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first opening and the port of the subway tunnel model, as well as the second opening and the port of the existing tunnel model, are connected by a boundary simulation connector. The boundary simulation connector includes a plurality of metal blocks and a plurality of springs. The plurality of metal blocks are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the spring is connected between two adjacent metal blocks.

8. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A layer of elastic colloid is provided on the contact interface between the model box and the prototype soil.

9. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing terminal is electrically connected to the servo controller, the reaction force adjustment controller and the vibration force controller respectively.

10. The tunnel model box test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power car model is provided with a charging power supply which can provide electric energy to the exciter.

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