A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperatures and controlled atmospheres

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere, comprising a cover tube, a plugging assembly, a connecting rod, a support tube, a sample slot, an air guide tube, a bent tube, a thermocouple and a plurality of electrical connectors; wherein the cover tube, the support tube, the sample slot and the air guide tube are all made of molten quartz material; one end of the cover tube has an opening, and the plugging assembly is detachably mounted at the opening of the cover tube; the connecting rod passes through the plugging assembly, and the end of the connecting rod located inside the cover tube is connected to the sample slot through the support tube; one end of the air guide tube and the bent tube respectively passes through the plugging assembly and communicates with the inside of the cover tube; the thermocouple is mounted on the plugging assembly and is used to detect the temperature inside the cover tube; a plurality of electrical connectors are arranged on the plugging assembly, and each electrical connector is electrically connected to a conductive wire for leading out a sample conductivity signal; the invention can measure the electrical properties, transmission parameters and dynamics of materials, solid / gas interfaces and electrodes in a controlled atmosphere between -200°C and 900°C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multifunctional electrochemical cell used for high and low temperatures and controlled atmospheres, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical cells. Background Art

[0002] Electrochemistry is the science that studies the charged interface phenomena formed by two types of conductors and the changes that occur on them. The interaction between electricity and chemical reactions can be completed through batteries; electrochemical cells refer to devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy, which are divided into two categories: primary cells and electrolytic cells; primary cells can spontaneously convert chemical energy into electrical energy; electrolytic cells need to consume electrical energy provided by an external power source to cause chemical reactions inside the electrochemical cell; when the experimental conditions change, many electrochemical cells can convert between primary cells and electrolytic cells;

[0003] Electrochemical cells that can operate in different temperature ranges and gas atmospheres are very important because they can be used to perform electrochemical measurements on solid samples to understand their physical properties and potential applications. So to design a suitable electrochemical cell, the first step is to choose the right material to build it. For high and low temperatures, quartz is the best choice because they are strong and thermally stable, with high neutron transmittance, suitable for neutron scattering applications; in order to satisfy the requirements of serving in different gas environments, they must also have a sealed housing and be able to exchange gas with an external supply; at the same time, they must also have the function of convenient disassembly and maintenance;

[0004] However, the existing electrochemical cells can withstand a small range of high and low temperatures during operation. The materials used to construct the electrochemical cells have poor durability, poor thermal stability during high-temperature reactions, and low neutron transmittance, making them unsuitable for neutron scattering applications. When serving in different gas environments, they have poor sealing properties. The overall structure is not easy to disassemble and maintain. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperatures and controlled atmospheres, which is used to measure the electrical properties, transmission parameters and dynamics of materials, solid / gas interfaces and electrodes in a controlled atmosphere between -200°C (needing to use liquid nitrogen for cooling) and 900°C (needing to use a high-temperature tube furnace for heating); the electrochemical cell of the present invention allows connection to samples in a variety of ways. Since the outer shell and sample container of the electrochemical cell are made of fused quartz, in-situ measurements can also be performed under a neutron beam and in different temperature and gas environments to understand the structural properties and electrochemical performance of the sample.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere, comprising a cover tube, a plugging assembly, a connecting rod, a support tube, a sample slot, an air guide tube, a bent tube, a thermocouple and a plurality of electrical connectors; the cover tube, the support tube, the sample slot and the air guide tube are all made of fused quartz material; one end of the cover tube has an opening, and the plugging assembly is detachably mounted at the opening of the cover tube; the connecting rod passes through the plugging assembly along the axis of the plugging assembly and is fixedly connected to the plugging assembly, the end of the connecting rod located inside the cover tube is connected to one end of the support tube, the other end of the support tube is connected to the sample slot, and the end of the connecting rod located outside the cover tube is connected to an external device; one end of the air guide tube and the bent tube respectively pass through the plugging assembly to communicate with the inside of the cover tube, and one end of the air guide tube extends inside the cover tube along the length direction of the cover tube to the inner bottom of the cover tube; the thermocouple is mounted on the plugging assembly and is used to detect the temperature inside the cover tube; the plurality of electrical connectors are arranged on the plugging assembly, and each electrical connector is electrically connected to a conductive wire for eliciting a sample conductivity signal, and the conductive wire extends inside the cover tube.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blocking assembly includes a left flange and a right flange, a tube body structure is formed on the side of the left flange facing away from the right flange, and the left flange and the right flange are connected by a clamp; the open end of the cover tube is inserted into the tube body structure of the left flange, and a limiting convex ring for limiting the insertion depth of the open end of the cover tube is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the left flange tube body structure; a first gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cover tube, the first gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the left flange tube body structure, a first O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cover tube between the gland of the first gland nut and the end face of the left flange tube body structure, and when the first gland nut is threadedly connected to the left flange tube body structure, the cover tube and the left flange are sealed and connected by squeezing the first O-ring;

[0009] The connecting rod passes through the right flange along the axis of the right flange and is fixedly connected to the right flange; one end of the air guide pipe and the bent pipe respectively pass through the right flange and are connected to the inside of the cover pipe; the thermocouple is installed on the right flange; and the multiple electrical connectors are arranged on the right flange.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing assembly is provided between the left flange and the right flange; the sealing assembly comprises a flange sealing bracket and a flange sealing ring, and the flange sealing ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the flange sealing bracket.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flange sealing bracket includes an annular body, a partition is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body, and the flange sealing ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the partition; annular grooves are respectively formed on the opposing surfaces of the left flange and the right flange, and the two ends of the annular body of the flange sealing bracket are respectively clamped in the annular grooves on the opposing surfaces of the left flange and the right flange, and the partition on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body and the flange sealing ring are located between the left flange and the right flange.

[0012] As a further preference of the present invention, a slot is formed on the end face of the end of the connecting rod located inside the cover tube, one end of the bracket tube is inserted in the slot, a second gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube, the second gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the end of the connecting rod, a second O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube between the gland of the second gland nut and the end face of the connecting rod, and when the second gland nut is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, the bracket tube and the connecting rod are connected by squeezing the second O-ring.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, an air duct connecting seat is arranged on the right flange, the air duct passes through the air duct connecting seat, a third gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct, the third gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the air duct connecting seat, a third O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct between the gland of the third gland nut and the end face of the air duct connecting seat, and when the third gland nut is threadedly connected to the air duct connecting seat, the air duct and the air duct connecting seat are sealed by squeezing the third O-ring.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a thermocouple coupling seat is arranged on the right flange, the thermocouple passes through the thermocouple coupling seat, a fourth gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple, the fourth gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple coupling seat, a fourth O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple between the gland of the fourth gland nut and the end face of the thermocouple coupling seat, and when the fourth gland nut is threadedly connected to the thermocouple coupling seat, the thermocouple and the thermocouple coupling seat are sealed by squeezing the fourth O-ring.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multiple electrical connectors, thermocouples, air guide tubes and bent tubes are circumferentially arranged around the connecting rod with the connecting rod as the center.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the connecting rod located outside the cover tube is connected to a support, a plurality of holes are formed on the support, and the end of the connecting rod located outside the cover tube is connected to an external device through the support.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conductive wire is a gold wire or a platinum wire.

[0018] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0019] The electrical properties, transmission parameters and dynamics of materials, solid / gas interfaces and electrodes can be measured in a controlled atmosphere between -200°C (needing to use liquid nitrogen for cooling) and 900°C (needing to use a high-temperature tube furnace for heating); the electrochemical cell of the present invention allows connection to samples in a variety of ways. Since the shell and sample container of the electrochemical cell are made of fused quartz, they have good firmness, good thermal stability during high-temperature reactions, and high neutron transmittance, which are suitable for neutron scattering applications; therefore, they are suitable for in-situ measurements under neutron beams and in different temperature and gas environments to understand the structural properties and electrochemical properties of the samples; and they also have the function of convenient disassembly and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the left flange structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner side of the right flange of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the right flange of the present invention is connected with the elbow, the air guide pipe connection seat and the thermocouple connection seat;

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure along the middle A axis;

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure along the middle B direction;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gland nut of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention when the third gland nut is not connected to the air guide pipe and the air guide pipe connecting seat;

[0031] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth gland nut of the present invention when it is not connected to the thermocouple and the thermocouple connection seat;

[0032] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the gland nut;

[0033] Meaning of the reference numerals in the figures:

[0034] 1-shield tube, 2-connecting rod, 3-support tube, 4-sample slot, 5-air guide tube, 6-elbow tube, 7-thermocouple, 8-electric connector, 9-left flange, 10-right flange, 11-clamp, 12-limiting convex ring, 13-flange seal bracket, 14-flange sealing ring, 15-air guide tube connecting seat, 16-support, 17-thermocouple connecting seat, 19-annular groove, 20-slot, 21-first gland nut, 22-second gland nut, 23-third gland nut, 24-fourth gland nut, 31-first O-type sealing ring, 32-second O-type sealing ring, 33-third O-type sealing ring, 34-fourth O-type sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1-13 As shown, this embodiment is a multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere, comprising a cover tube 1, a plugging assembly, a connecting rod 2, a support tube 3, a sample slot 4, an air guide tube 5, a bent tube 6, a thermocouple 7 and a plurality of electrical connectors 8; wherein the cover tube 1, the support tube 3, the sample slot 4 and the air guide tube 5 are all made of fused quartz material; one end of the cover tube 1 has an opening, and the plugging assembly can be detachably installed at the opening of the cover tube 1; the connecting rod 2 passes through the plugging assembly along the axis of the plugging assembly and is fixedly connected to the plugging assembly, the end of the connecting rod 2 located inside the cover tube 1 is connected to one end of the support tube 3, and the other end of the support tube 3 is connected to the sample slot 4, and the sample slot 4 is used to accommodate samples; the end of the connecting rod 2 located outside the cover tube 1 is connected to an external device ; One end of the air duct 5 and the elbow 6 pass through the sealing assembly respectively and are connected to the inside of the shield tube 1, and one end of the air duct 5 extends inside the shield tube 1 along the length direction of the shield tube 1 to the inner bottom of the shield tube 1; the air duct 5 is used to transport gas to the inside of the shield tube 1, and the elbow 6 is used to output the gas inside the shield tube 1 to the outside; the thermocouple 7 is installed on the sealing assembly and is used to detect the internal temperature of the shield tube 1; the thermocouple 7 adopts a K-type thermocouple, and the thermocouple 7 located inside the shield tube 1 extends along the length direction of the shield tube 1; a plurality of electrical connectors 8 are arranged on the sealing assembly, and each electrical connector 8 is electrically connected to a conductive wire for leading out a sample conductivity signal, and the conductive wire extends inside the shield tube 1; in actual application, the conductive wire 1 can adopt gold wire or platinum wire according to actual conditions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the plugging assembly includes a left flange 9 and a right flange 10, and a tube body structure is formed on the side of the left flange 9 facing away from the right flange 10, and the left flange 9 and the right flange 10 are connected by a clamp 11; the clamp 11 adopts a stainless steel three-section clamp; the open end of the cover tube 1 is inserted into the tube body structure of the left flange 9, and a limiting convex ring 12 for limiting the insertion depth of the open end of the cover tube 1 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the tube body structure of the left flange 9; a first gland nut 21 is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cover tube 1, and the first gland nut 21 is threadedly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the tube body structure of the left flange 9, and a first O-ring 31 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cover tube 1 between the gland of the first gland nut 21 and the end face of the tube body structure of the left flange 9, and when the first gland nut 21 is threadedly connected with the tube body structure of the left flange 9, the cover tube 1 and the left flange 9 are sealed and connected by squeezing the first O-ring 31;

[0038] The connecting rod 2 passes through the right flange 10 along the axis of the right flange 10 and is fixedly connected to the right flange 10; one end of the air guide pipe 5 and the bent pipe 6 respectively pass through the right flange 10 and are connected to the inside of the cover pipe 1; the thermocouple 7 is installed on the right flange 10; and multiple electrical connectors 8 are arranged on the right flange 10.

[0039] In this embodiment, a sealing assembly is arranged between the left flange 9 and the right flange 10; the sealing assembly includes a flange sealing bracket 13 and a flange sealing ring 14, and the flange sealing ring 14 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the flange sealing bracket 13; the flange sealing bracket 13 includes an annular body, and a partition is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body, and the flange sealing ring 14 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the partition; annular grooves 19 are respectively formed on the opposing surfaces of the left flange 9 and the right flange 10, and the two ends of the annular body of the flange sealing bracket 13 are respectively clamped in the annular grooves 19 on the opposing surfaces of the left flange 9 and the right flange 10, so as to limit the mutual position between the left flange 9 and the right flange 10; the partition on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body and the flange sealing ring 14 are located between the left flange 9 and the right flange 10; so as to form a sealed connection between the left flange 9 and the right flange 10.

[0040] In this embodiment, a slot 20 is formed on the end surface of the end of the connecting rod 2 located inside the cover tube 1, and one end of the bracket tube 3 is inserted into the slot 20. A second gland nut 22 is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube 3. The second gland nut 22 is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the end of the connecting rod 2. A second O-ring 32 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube 3 between the gland of the second gland nut 22 and the end surface of the end of the connecting rod 2. When the second gland nut 22 is threadedly connected to the connecting rod 2, the bracket tube 3 is connected to the connecting rod 2 by squeezing the second O-ring 32; the second gland nut 22 is similar in structure to other gland nuts, and the only difference is the size. Refer to the structural schematic diagrams of other related gland nuts; the appearance of each gland nut in this embodiment is also similar, refer to Fig.13 That's it.

[0041] In this embodiment, an air duct connection seat 15 is provided on the right flange 10, and the air duct 5 passes through the air duct connection seat 15. A third gland nut 23 is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct 5. The third gland nut 23 is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the air duct connection seat 15. A third O-ring 33 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct 5 between the gland of the third gland nut 23 and the end surface of the air duct connection seat 15. When the third gland nut 23 is threadedly connected to the air duct connection seat 15, the air duct 5 and the air duct connection seat 15 are sealed and connected by squeezing the third O-ring 33.

[0042] In this embodiment, a thermocouple coupling seat 17 is provided on the right flange 10, and the thermocouple 7 passes through the thermocouple coupling seat 17. A fourth gland nut 24 is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple 7. The fourth gland nut 24 is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple coupling seat 17. A fourth O-ring 34 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple 7 between the gland of the fourth gland nut 24 and the end face of the thermocouple coupling seat 17. When the fourth gland nut 24 is threadedly connected to the thermocouple coupling seat 17, the thermocouple 7 is sealed and connected to the thermocouple coupling seat 17 by squeezing the fourth O-ring 34.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple electrical connectors 8, thermocouples 7, air guide tubes 5 and bent tubes 6 are circumferentially arranged around the connecting rod 2 with the connecting rod 2 as the center; in this embodiment, the number of the electrical connectors 8 is specifically five.

[0044] In this embodiment, the end of the connecting rod 2 located outside the cover tube 1 is connected to a support 16 , and a plurality of holes are formed on the support 16 . The end of the connecting rod 2 located outside the cover tube 1 is connected to an external device through the support 16 .

[0045] In this embodiment, before the right flange 10 is connected to the elbow 6, the air guide pipe connection seat 15 and the thermocouple connection seat 17, the joint surface is cleaned, the joint surface matching tolerance is H7 / M6, the joint is spot welded and reinforced, and it is polished and cleaned.

[0046] Some requirements for the experiment in this embodiment are as follows:

[0047] Sample shape requirements: round or rectangular granular samples;

[0048] Electrochemical measurement method:

[0049] (1) 2-point impedance spectroscopy and conductivity measurement;

[0050] (2) van der Pauw 4-point conductivity measurement;

[0051] Gas type: air, hydrogen, nitrogen, argon, helium, methane and mixed gases above;

[0052] Number of electrode connectors: 5; if 2-point impedance spectroscopy is used for conductivity measurement, up to four different samples can be placed;

[0053] Voltage and current range: Current up to 5A; Voltage ±100 V;

[0054] Temperature range: −200°C (needs to use liquid nitrogen for cooling) to 900°C (needs to use a high-temperature tube furnace for heating);

[0055] Temperature sensor: K-type thermocouple;

[0056] Conductive wire: platinum wire or gold wire.

[0057] When this embodiment is used:

[0058] (1) The powdered or granular sample is first pressed into a sheet and sintered at high temperature to form a dense sample;

[0059] (2) coating the sheet sample obtained in step (1) with gold or platinum and sintering at a high temperature to form a current collector;

[0060] (3) placing the sheet sample obtained in step (2) into the sample slot 4 of the electrochemical cell, and then placing the cover tube 1, and then using the plugging assembly to plug the opening of the cover tube 1, and then allowing the gas to be introduced;

[0061] (4) The electrochemical cell can be placed in a tube furnace for heating or cooled using liquid nitrogen;

[0062] (5) It is recommended to stabilize the sample at a certain temperature for two hours before electrochemical measurement;

[0063] (6) Electrochemical measurement can be performed by electrochemical impedance measurement or direct current polarization method; the electrochemical cell of the present invention can be connected to the sample in a variety of ways; during electrochemical impedance measurement, an electrode sheet is provided on each side of the sheet sample, and the electrode sheets on both sides of the sheet sample are respectively connected to two electrical connectors 8 through gold wires or platinum wires, and the two electrical connectors 8 are connected to an external power supply device, and the external power supply device provides a bias voltage, and then the current signal is measured; the Van der Pauw method uses four-point probes placed around the sample to measure resistivity.

[0064] This embodiment can also participate in the following related measurements:

[0065] (1) Relationship between conductivity and T, PO2 oxygen partial pressure, PH2O water partial pressure, etc.;

[0066] (2) DC, AC, and impedance spectroscopy;

[0067] (3) Dielectric properties, losses, etc.;

[0068] (4) disk, van der Pauw, and strip geometries;

[0069] (5) 2, 3 and 4 electrodes;

[0070] (6) Ion transmission number;

[0071] (7) Proton transport number;

[0072] (8) H / D isotope effect;

[0073] (9) Seebeck coefficient;

[0074] (10) IV characteristics;

[0075] (11) Fuel cell assembly and single cell testing;

[0076] (12) Electrode kinetics;

[0077] (13) Electrochemical pumping, gas permeation and electrocatalysis with gas analysis at the outlet (e.g. GC or MS);

[0078] (14) Sensor testing, high voltage (kV) version can achieve ferroelectric polarization;

[0079] (15) High current version;

[0080] (16) Annealing or sintering under controlled atmosphere.

[0081] The present invention can measure the electrical properties, transmission parameters and dynamics of materials, solid / gas interfaces and electrodes in a controlled atmosphere between -200°C (needs to be cooled by liquid nitrogen) and 900°C (needs to be heated by a high-temperature tube furnace); the electrochemical cell of the present invention allows connection to samples in a variety of ways. Since the shell and sample container of the electrochemical cell are made of fused quartz, they have good firmness, good thermal stability during high-temperature reactions, and high neutron transmittance, which are suitable for neutron scattering applications; therefore, they are suitable for in-situ measurements under neutron beams and in different temperature and gas environments to understand the structural properties and electrochemical properties of the samples; and they also have the function of convenient disassembly and maintenance.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; in addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0083] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or setting, or a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements; for ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0084] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical personnel in this industry should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere, characterized in that, It comprises a shield tube, a plugging assembly, a connecting rod, a bracket tube, a sample slot, an air guide tube, a bent tube, a thermocouple and a plurality of electrical connectors; the shield tube, the bracket tube, the sample slot and the air guide tube are all made of fused quartz material; one end of the shield tube has an opening, and the plugging assembly can be detachably mounted at the opening of the shield tube; the connecting rod passes through the plugging assembly along the axis of the plugging assembly and is fixedly connected to the plugging assembly, the end of the connecting rod located inside the shield tube is connected to one end of the bracket tube, the other end of the bracket tube is connected to the sample slot, and the end of the connecting rod located outside the shield tube is connected to an external device; one end of the air guide tube and the bent tube respectively passes through the plugging assembly to communicate with the inside of the shield tube, and one end of the air guide tube extends inside the shield tube along the length direction of the shield tube to the inner bottom of the shield tube; the thermocouple is mounted on the plugging assembly and is used to detect the internal temperature of the shield tube; the plurality of electrical connectors are arranged on the plugging assembly, each of which is electrically connected to a conductive wire for drawing out a sample conductivity signal, and the conductive wire extends inside the shield tube; The plugging assembly comprises a left flange and a right flange, a tube body structure is formed on the side of the left flange facing away from the right flange, and the left flange and the right flange are connected by a clamp; the open end of the shield tube is inserted into the tube body structure of the left flange, and a limiting convex ring for limiting the insertion depth of the open end of the shield tube is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the left flange tube body structure; a first gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the shield tube, and the first gland nut is threadedly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the left flange tube body structure, and a first O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the shield tube between the gland of the first gland nut and the end face of the left flange tube body structure, and when the first gland nut is threadedly connected with the left flange tube body structure, the shield tube and the left flange are sealed and connected by squeezing the first O-ring; The connecting rod passes through the right flange along the axis of the right flange and is fixedly connected to the right flange; one end of the air guide pipe and the bent pipe respectively pass through the right flange and communicate with the inside of the cover pipe; the thermocouple is installed on the right flange; the multiple electrical connectors are arranged on the right flange; A sealing assembly is arranged between the left flange and the right flange; the sealing assembly comprises a flange sealing support and a flange sealing ring, and the flange sealing ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the flange sealing support.

2. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange sealing bracket includes an annular body, a partition is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body, and the flange sealing ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the partition; annular grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the left flange and the right flange, and the two ends of the annular body of the flange sealing bracket are respectively clamped in the annular grooves on the opposite surfaces of the left flange and the right flange, and the partition on the outer circumferential surface of the annular body and the flange sealing ring are located between the left flange and the right flange.

3. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot is formed on the end face of the end of the connecting rod located inside the cover tube, one end of the bracket tube is inserted in the slot, a second gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube, the second gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the end of the connecting rod, a second O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the bracket tube between the gland of the second gland nut and the end face of the end of the connecting rod, and when the second gland nut is threadedly connected to the connecting rod, the bracket tube and the connecting rod are connected by squeezing the second O-ring.

4. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air duct connection seat is arranged on the right flange, and the air duct passes through the air duct connection seat. A third gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct, and the third gland nut is threadedly connected with the outer circumferential surface of the air duct connection seat. A third O-ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air duct between the gland of the third gland nut and the end face of the air duct connection seat. When the third gland nut is threadedly connected with the air duct connection seat, the air duct and the air duct connection seat are sealed by squeezing the third O-ring.

5. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thermocouple connection seat is arranged on the right flange, the thermocouple passes through the thermocouple connection seat, a fourth gland nut is movably sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple, the fourth gland nut is threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple connection seat, a fourth O-type sealing ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the thermocouple between the gland of the fourth gland nut and the end face of the thermocouple connection seat, and when the fourth gland nut is threadedly connected to the thermocouple connection seat, the thermocouple and the thermocouple connection seat are sealed by squeezing the fourth O-type sealing ring.

6. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple electrical connectors, thermocouples, air guide pipes and bent pipes are circumferentially arranged around the connecting rod with the connecting rod as the center.

7. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting rod located outside the cover pipe is connected with a support, a plurality of holes are formed on the support, and the end of the connecting rod located outside the cover pipe is connected with external equipment through the support.

8. A multifunctional electrochemical cell for high and low temperature and controlled atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive wire is a gold wire or a platinum wire.

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