Electronic device with wideband antenna

Abstract

An electronic device can include a curved cover layer and an antenna. The antenna can include a ground portion and a resonant element on a curved surface of a substrate. The curved surface can have a curvature that matches a curvature of the cover layer. The resonant element can include a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm fed by a feed portion. The first arm and a portion of the ground portion can form a loop antenna resonant element. The second arm and the first arm can form an inverted-F antenna resonant element, with a portion of the first arm forming a return path to an antenna ground of the inverted-F antenna resonant element. A gap between the first arm and the second arm can form a distributed capacitance. The third arm can form an L-shaped antenna resonant element. The antenna can have a bandwidth that is wide from below 2.4 GHz to greater than 9.0 GHz.

Description

[0001] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 851812, filed April 17, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0002] This invention relates to electronic devices, and more particularly to electronic devices having wireless communication circuitry.

[0003] Electronic devices often possess wireless communication capabilities. This invention discloses an electronic device with wireless communication capabilities, which includes a wireless communication circuit having one or more antennas. The wireless transceiver circuit in the wireless communication circuit uses the antennas to transmit and receive radio frequency signals.

[0004] Developing satisfactory antennas for electronic devices can be challenging. If not handled carefully, the antenna may perform poorly, become overly complex to manufacture, or be difficult to integrate into the device. The demand for antennas is also increasing to handle a greater number of frequency bands. However, space constraints within electronic devices can undesirably limit the antenna's bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An electronic device may include a housing having a curved dielectric overlay. The device may include a wireless circuit with an antenna. The antenna may include an antenna ground and an antenna resonant element formed by conductive traces patterned on a curved surface of a dielectric substrate. The curved surface may have a curvature that matches the curvature of the curved dielectric overlay. This ensures a uniform impedance boundary between the antenna and the curved dielectric overlay across the entire lateral region of the antenna resonant element.

[0006] An antenna resonant element may include a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm fed by a single antenna feed section. The first arm may be coupled between the antenna feed section and the antenna ground section. A second arm may extend from the first arm. The first arm and a portion of the antenna ground section may form a loop antenna resonant element. The second arm and the first arm may form an inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element, wherein a portion of the first arm forms a return path to the antenna ground section of the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element. The gap between this portion of the second arm and the first arm may form a distributed capacitance. The distributed capacitance can tune the frequency response of the loop antenna resonant element.

[0007] The third arm of the antenna resonator can form an L-shaped antenna resonator. The third arm can be coupled to the antenna ground or to a loop antenna resonator. The loop antenna resonator can resonate in a first frequency band. The inverted-F antenna resonator can resonate in a second frequency band below the first frequency band. The L-shaped antenna resonator can resonate in a third frequency band, which includes frequencies above the first frequency band. The antenna can have a relatively wide bandwidth, resulting in satisfactory antenna efficiency greater than a threshold antenna efficiency across the entire bandwidth (e.g., from below 2.4 GHz to above 9.0 GHz). Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary electronic device with an antenna according to some implementation schemes.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a top view of an exemplary broadband antenna according to some implementation schemes, which has three antenna arms extending from the feed section.

[0010] Figure 3 This is a top view of an exemplary broadband antenna according to some embodiments, which has a first arm and a second arm extending from a feed portion and a third arm extending from an antenna ground portion.

[0011] Figure 4 This is a top view of an exemplary broadband antenna according to some embodiments, which has a first arm and a second arm extending from a feed section and a third arm coupled to an antenna ground section and inserted between the first arm, the second arm and the antenna ground section.

[0012] Figure 5 It is based on the antenna performance (voltage standing wave ratio) of some implementation schemes as Figures 2-4 A graph showing the frequency as a function of the type of antenna shown.

[0013] Figure 6 It is based on some implementation schemes shown. Figures 2-4 A cross-sectional side view showing how an antenna of the type shown can be integrated into an exemplary electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Electronic devices, such as Figure 1The electronic device 10 may include wireless circuitry. Wireless circuitry may include multiple antennas. The electronic device 10 may be: a computing device, such as a laptop computer, desktop computer, computer monitor containing an embedded computer, tablet computer, cellular phone, media player, or other handheld or portable electronic device; a smaller device, such as a wristwatch, a wristband, headphones or handset, a device embedded in glasses or goggles; or other equipment worn on the user's head, such as a head-mounted (display) device; or other wearable or micro-devices, televisions, computer monitors without an embedded computer, gaming devices, navigation devices, embedded systems (such as systems where electronic equipment with a display is installed in a kiosk or vehicle), voice-controlled speakers connected to the wireless internet, wireless base stations or access points, equipment implementing two or more of the functions of these devices; or other electronic equipment.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, device 10 may include control circuitry 12. Control circuitry 12 may include storage devices, such as storage circuitry 16. Storage circuitry 16 may include hard disk drive storage devices, non-volatile memory (e.g., flash memory or other electrically programmable read-only memory configured to form a solid-state drive), volatile memory (e.g., static or dynamic random access memory), etc.

[0016] Control circuitry 12 may include processing circuitry, such as processing circuitry 14. Processing circuitry 14 may be used to control the operation of device 10. Processing circuitry 14 may include one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, host processors, baseband processor integrated circuits, application-specific integrated circuits, central processing units (CPUs), etc. Control circuitry 12 may be configured to perform operations in device 10 using hardware (e.g., dedicated hardware or circuitry), firmware, and / or software. Software code for performing operations in device 10 may be stored on storage circuitry 16 (e.g., storage circuitry 16 may include a non-transitory (tangible) computer-readable storage medium storing software code). This software code may sometimes be referred to as program instructions, software, data, commands, or code. The software code stored on storage circuitry 16 may be executed by processing circuitry 14.

[0017] Control circuitry 12 can be used to run software on device 10, such as satellite navigation applications, internet browsing applications, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephone calling applications, email applications, media playback applications, operating system functions, etc. To support interaction with external equipment, control circuitry 12 can be used to implement communication protocols. Communication protocols that can be implemented using control circuitry 12 include: Internet Protocol, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) protocols (e.g., IEEE 802.11 protocol—sometimes referred to as...). Protocols for other short-range wireless communication links, such as The protocol may be any of the following: Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) protocols, IEEE 802.11ad protocols, cellular phone protocols, MIMO protocols, antenna diversity protocols, satellite navigation system protocols (e.g., Global Positioning System (GPS) protocols, Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) protocols, or any other required communication protocols. Each communication protocol may be associated with a corresponding Radio Access Technology (RAT), which specifies the physical connection method used to implement the protocol.

[0018] Device 10 may include input-output circuitry 18. Input-output circuitry 18 may include input-output device 20. Input-output device 20 may be used to allow data to be supplied to device 10 and to allow data to be provided from device 10 to external devices. Input-output device 20 may include user interface devices, data port devices, and other input-output components. For example, input-output device 20 may include touch sensors, displays (e.g., touch-sensitive displays), light-emitting components such as displays without touch sensor capability, buttons (mechanical, capacitive, optical, etc.), scroll wheels, touchpads, keypads, keyboards, microphones, cameras, buttons, speakers, status indicators, audio jacks and other audio port components, digital data port devices, motion sensors (accelerometers, gyroscopes, and / or compasses for detecting motion), capacitive sensors, proximity sensors, magnetic sensors, force sensors (e.g., force sensors coupled to displays to detect pressure applied to displays), etc. In some configurations, keyboards, headphones, displays, pointing devices such as touchpads, mice and joysticks, and other input-output devices can be coupled to device 10 using wired or wireless connections (e.g., some of the input-output devices 20 can be peripherals that are coupled to the main processing unit or other parts of device 10 via wired or wireless links).

[0019] Input-output circuitry 18 may include wireless circuitry 22 to support wireless communication. Wireless circuitry 22 may include radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry 24 formed by: one or more integrated circuits, power amplifier circuitry, low-noise input amplifiers, passive RF components, one or more antennas such as antenna 40, transmission lines such as transmission line 26, and other circuitry for processing RF wireless signals. Light (e.g., infrared communication) may also be used to transmit wireless signals. Although for clarity... Figure 1In the example, control circuitry 12 is shown separately from wireless circuitry 22, but wireless circuitry 22 may include processing circuitry and / or storage circuitry, the processing circuitry forming part of processing circuitry 14; the storage circuitry forming part of storage circuitry 16 of control circuitry 12 (e.g., portions of control circuitry 12 may be implemented on wireless circuitry 22). For example, control circuitry 12 (e.g., processing circuitry 14) may include baseband processor circuitry or other control components forming part of wireless circuitry 22.

[0020] RF transceiver circuit 24 may include wireless LAN transceiver circuitry, which processes data for... The 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands of (IEEE 802.11) or other WLAN communication bands may include wireless personal area network (WLAN) transceiver circuitry that handles the 2.4GHz frequency band. Communication bands or other WPAN communication bands. If desired, the RF transceiver circuitry 24 can handle other bands, such as cellular telephone bands, near-field communication bands (e.g., at 13.56 MHz), millimeter or centimeter wave bands (e.g., communications at 10 GHz–300 GHz), and / or other communication bands. If desired, the RF transceiver circuitry 24 may include: RF transceiver circuitry for handling communications in unlicensed bands such as the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) bands; bands up to approximately 6 GHz, such as those including frequencies from approximately 5.925 GHz to 7.125 GHz; or other bands up to approximately 8 GHz–9 GHz.

[0021] The radio frequency transceiver circuit 24 may also include ultra-wideband (UWB) transceiver circuitry that supports communication using the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol and / or other ultra-wideband communication protocols. The ultra-wideband radio frequency signal may be based on a pulse radio signaling scheme using band-limited data pulses. The ultra-wideband signal can have any desired bandwidth, such as between 499 MHz and 1331 MHz, or a bandwidth greater than 500 MHz. The presence of lower frequencies in the baseband can sometimes allow ultra-wideband signals to penetrate objects such as walls. In an IEEE 802.15.4 system, a pair of electronic devices can exchange wireless timestamped messages. The timestamps in the messages can be analyzed to determine the time of flight of the messages, thereby determining the distance (range) between the devices and / or the angle between the devices (e.g., the angle of arrival of the incoming radio frequency signal). Ultra-wideband transceiver circuits can operate (i.e., transmit radio frequency signals) in frequency bands such as the ultra-wideband communication band between approximately 5 GHz and approximately 8.5 GHz (e.g., the 6.5 GHz UWB band, the 8 GHz UWB communication band, and / or other suitable frequencies). The communication band may sometimes be referred to herein as a frequency band or simply as "band".

[0022] Wireless circuit 22 may include one or more antennas, such as antenna 40. Generally, radio frequency transceiver circuit 24 may be configured to cover (process) any suitable communication (frequency) band of interest. Radio frequency transceiver circuit 24 may use antenna 40 to transmit radio frequency signals (e.g., antenna 40 may transmit radio frequency signals for transceiver circuit 24). As used herein, the term "transmit radio frequency signals" means the transmission and / or reception of radio frequency signals (e.g., for performing one-way and / or two-way wireless communication with external wireless communication equipment). Antenna 40 may transmit radio frequency signals by radiating them (or through an intermediary device structure such as a dielectric overlay) into free space. In addition or alternatively, antenna 40 may receive radio frequency signals from free space (e.g., through an intermediary device structure such as a dielectric overlay). The transmission and reception of radio frequency signals by antenna 40 each involve the excitation or resonance of antenna currents on antenna resonant elements in the antenna by radio frequency signals within the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0023] Antennas, such as antenna 40, can be formed using any suitable antenna type. For example, the antenna in device 10 may include an antenna with a resonant element, formed by a structure such as a loop antenna, patch antenna, inverted F-shaped antenna, slot antenna, planar inverted F-shaped antenna, helical antenna, monopole antenna, strip antenna, dipole antenna, or a combination of these designs. Parasitic elements may be included in antenna 40 to modulate antenna performance. If desired, antenna 40 may be provided with a conductive cavity that supports the antenna resonant element of antenna 40 (e.g., antenna 40 may be a cavity-backed antenna, such as a cavity-backed slot antenna). Different types of antennas may be used for different frequency bands and combinations thereof. For example, one type of antenna may be used when forming a local wireless link antenna, and another type may be used when forming a remote wireless link antenna. In some configurations, different antennas may be used to handle different frequency bands for RF transceiver circuitry 24. Alternatively, a given antenna 40 may cover one or more frequency bands.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the RF transceiver circuit 24 can be coupled to the antenna feed section 32 of the antenna 40 using transmission line 26. The antenna feed section 32 may include a positive antenna feed terminal such as positive antenna feed terminal 34, and may include a ground antenna feed terminal such as ground antenna feed terminal 36. Transmission line 26 may be formed from a metal trace on a printed circuit, cable, or other conductive structure. Transmission line 26 may have a positive transmission line signal path such as path 28 coupled to the positive antenna feed terminal 34. Transmission line 26 may have a ground transmission line signal path such as path 30 coupled to the ground antenna feed terminal 36. Path 28 may sometimes be referred to herein as signal conductor 28, and path 30 may sometimes be referred to herein as ground conductor 30.

[0025] Transmission line paths such as transmission line 26 can be used to route antenna signals within device 10 (e.g., to transmit radio frequency signals between RF transceiver circuitry 24 and antenna feed 32 of antenna 40). Transmission lines in device 10 may include coaxial cables, microstrip transmission lines, stripline transmission lines, edge-coupled microstrip transmission lines, edge-coupled stripline transmission lines, transmission lines formed by combinations of these types of transmission lines, etc. Transmission lines in device 10, such as transmission line 26, can be integrated into rigid and / or flexible printed circuit boards. In a suitable arrangement, transmission lines such as transmission line 26 may also include transmission line conductors (e.g., signal conductor 28 and ground conductor 30) integrated within a multilayer laminated structure (e.g., conductive materials such as copper and dielectric materials such as resin laminated together without the intervention of adhesives). If required, multilayer laminated structures can be folded or bent in multiple dimensions (e.g., two-dimensional or three-dimensional) and can retain their bent or folded shape after bending (e.g., a multilayer laminated structure can be folded into a specific three-dimensional structural shape to wire around other equipment components and can be rigid enough to retain its shape after folding without the need for reinforcements or other structures to hold it in place). All the multiple layers of the laminated structure can be laminated together in batches without adhesive (e.g., in a single pressing process) (e.g., in contrast to performing multiple pressing processes to laminate multiple layers together with adhesive).

[0026] Filter circuits, switching circuits, impedance matching circuits, and other circuits can be inserted into the path formed using transmission lines such as transmission line 26, and / or such circuits can be integrated into antenna 40 (e.g., to support antenna tuning, to support operation in a desired frequency band, etc.). During operation, control circuit 12 can wirelessly transmit and receive data using RF transceiver circuit 24 and antenna 40. Control circuit 12 can, for example, wirelessly receive wireless local area network (WLAN) communications using RF transceiver circuit 24 and antenna 40, and can wirelessly transmit WLAN communications using RF transceiver circuit 24 and antenna 40.

[0027] Electronic device 10 may be provided with an electronic device housing 38. Housing 38, sometimes referred to as a shell, may be formed of materials such as plastic, glass, ceramic, fiber composites, metals (e.g., stainless steel, aluminum, etc.), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof. Housing 38 may be formed in a monolithic configuration, wherein a portion or all of housing 38 is machined or molded into a single structure, or the housing may be formed using multiple structures (e.g., an internal frame structure covered with one or more outer shell layers). Configurations for housing 38 may also be used, wherein housing 38 includes support structures (stands, legs, handles, frames, etc.). In a suitable arrangement described herein by way of example, housing 38 includes a curved dielectric overlay. Antenna 40 may transmit radio frequency signals through the curved dielectric overlay and / or receive radio frequency signals through the curved dielectric overlay.

[0028] During implementation, the number of frequency bands used to transmit radio frequency signals from device 10 tends to increase over time. In some cases, device 10 may include different corresponding antennas 40 to handle each of these frequency bands. However, increasing the number of antennas 40 in device 10 may consume an undesirable amount of space, power, and other resources within device 10. If needed, a given antenna 40 in device 10 can handle communication in multiple frequency bands to optimize resource consumption within device 10. In a suitable arrangement described herein as an example, a given antenna 40 in device 10 may be configured to handle WLAN bands at 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz, an unlicensed band at approximately 6 GHz (e.g., between 5.925 GHz and 7.125 GHz), and / or UWB communication bands at 6.5 GHz and 8.0 GHz. However, providing the antenna 40 with a structure that exhibits sufficient bandwidth to cover each of these frequency bands (e.g., from below 2.4 GHz to above 9.0 GHz) with satisfactory antenna efficiency can be challenging, especially when the antenna size is constrained by the form factor of the device 10.

[0029] Figure 2 The illustration shows an example antenna 40, which exhibits a sufficiently wide bandwidth to cover each of these frequency bands with satisfactory antenna efficiency. Figure 2 As shown, antenna 40 may include an antenna resonant element such as antenna resonant element 46, and a grounding structure such as antenna ground portion 42. Antenna resonant element 46 may sometimes be referred to herein as antenna radiating element 46 or antenna element 46. Antenna ground portion 42 may sometimes be referred to herein as ground layer 42 or grounding structure 42.

[0030] Antenna resonant element 46 and antenna ground portion 42 may be formed by conductive traces patterned onto a side surface, such as the surface 45 of a dielectric substrate, such as dielectric substrate 44. Dielectric substrate 44 may be referred to herein as dielectric support structure 44, dielectric carrier 44, or antenna carrier 44. Dielectric substrate 44 may be formed of plastic, ceramic, or any other dielectric material. If desired, antenna ground portion 42 and / or antenna resonant element 46 may be formed by conductive traces patterned onto a flexible printed circuit stacked over surface 45 of dielectric substrate 44. Surface 45 may be planar or curved, may have planar and curved portions, or may have any other desired geometry. An example in this document is described where surface 45 is curved. If desired, surface 45 may be curved in three dimensions about multiple axes (e.g., surface 45 may be spherically curved, non-spherically curved, freely shaped curved, etc.).

[0031] Antenna 40 can be fed using antenna feed section 32. Antenna feed section 32 can be coupled between antenna resonant element 46 and antenna ground section 42 (e.g., on gap 58 at surface 45 of dielectric substrate 44). For example, antenna resonant element 46 can have a feed segment, such as feed segment 72. Feed segment 72 can be along a corresponding longitudinal axis (e.g., parallel to...). Figure 2 The antenna feed section 32 extends along the longitudinal axis oriented to the X-axis and can be separated from the antenna ground section 42 by the gap 58. The positive antenna feed terminal 34 of the antenna feed section 32 can be coupled to the feed section 72, while the ground antenna feed terminal 36 is coupled to the antenna ground section 42 (e.g., located on the opposite side of the gap 58).

[0032] The antenna resonant element 46 can have multiple arms or branches. Figure 2 In the example, the antenna resonant element 46 includes a first arm (branch) 52 extending from the feed section 72, a second arm (branch) 50 extending from the first arm 52, and a third arm 48 extending from the feed section 72. Arms 52, 50, and 48 may sometimes be referred to herein as antenna resonant element arms or antenna arms.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the first arm 52 may have a first segment 74 extending from the end of the feed section 72 (e.g., the first segment 74 may have a first end located at the end of the feed section 72 opposite to the antenna feed portion 32). The first segment 74 may extend relative to the feed section 72 at a non-parallel angle (e.g., a perpendicular angle) (e.g., the longitudinal axis of the first segment 74 may be parallel to...). Figure 2The first arm 52 may have a second segment 76 extending from the end of the first segment 74 (e.g., the first segment 74 may have a second end opposite to the feed segment 72, and the second segment 76 may have a first end located at the second end of the first segment 74). The second segment 76 may extend relative to the first segment 74 at a non-parallel angle (e.g., a perpendicular angle) (e.g., the longitudinal axis of the second segment 76 may extend parallel to the X-axis and the feed segment 72, and may be perpendicular to the Y-axis and the feed segment 72). Figure 2 The first arm 52 may also have a third segment 78 extending from the end of the second segment 76 (e.g., the second segment 76 may have a second end opposite to the first segment 74, and the third segment 78 may have a first end at the second end of the second segment 76). The third segment 78 may extend relative to the second segment 76 at a non-parallel angle (e.g., a perpendicular angle) (e.g., the longitudinal axis of the third segment 78 may be parallel to...). Figure 2 The first segment 74 extends along both the Y-axis and longitudinal axis. The third segment 78 may have a second end opposite to the second segment 76. The second end of the third segment 78 may be coupled to the antenna ground portion 42 (e.g., at a ground location). This allows the first arm 52 to be configured to form a loop path 56 (having the feed segment 72 and the antenna ground portion 42) for antenna current flowing between the positive antenna feed terminal 34 and the ground antenna feed terminal 36. The loop path 56 may run around a central opening 77 at the surface 45 of the dielectric substrate 44.

[0034] The second arm 50 may have a first segment 80 extending from a second end of segment 74 of the first arm 52 and from a first end of segment 76 of the first arm 52 (e.g., the first segment 80 of the second arm 50 may have a first end located at the ends of segments 74 and 76 of the first arm 52). The first segment 80 of the second arm 50 may extend parallel to segment 76 of the first arm 52 (e.g., the first segment 80 of the second arm 50 may extend along a longitudinal axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis orientation of segment 76 of the first arm 52). The second arm 50 may have a second segment 82 extending from the end of the first segment 80 to the end 84 of the second arm 50 (e.g., the first segment 80 may have a second end located at the second segment 82 of the second arm 50). The second segment 82 of the second arm 50 may extend at a non-parallel angle relative to the first segment 80 of the second arm 50 (e.g., along a longitudinal axis parallel to the Y-axis). The first segment 80 of the second arm 50 can be separated from the segment 76 of the first arm 52 (e.g., along the entire length of the first segment 80) by a gap 64. If desired, the second segment 82 of the second arm 50 can also be separated from the segment 78 of the first arm 52 by a gap 64. The gap 64 can form a distributed capacitance along the length of the first segment 80 of the second arm 50 (e.g., a distributed capacitance located between the segment 80 of the second arm 50 and the segment 76 of the first arm 52). The distributed capacitance formed by the gap 64 can be used to tune the frequency response of the first arm 52 and / or the second arm 50.

[0035] The third arm 48 may have a first segment 68 extending from the feed segment 72 (e.g., the first segment 68 of the third arm 48 may have a first end at the feed segment 72). The first segment 68 of the third arm 48 may extend relative to the feed segment 72 at a non-parallel angle (e.g., a perpendicular angle) (e.g., the longitudinal axis of the first segment 68 of the third arm 48 may be parallel to the longitudinal axis orientation of segments 74 and 78 of the first arm 52 and segment 82 of the second arm 50). The third arm 48 may also have a second segment 70 extending from a second end of the first segment 68 to an end 66 of the third arm 48. The second segment 70 of the third arm 48 may extend relative to the first segment 68 at a non-parallel angle (e.g., a perpendicular angle) (e.g., the second segment 70 may extend along a longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis orientation of the feed segment 72, segment 76 of the first arm 52, and segment 80 of the second arm 50). In other words, the third arm 48 may be an L-shaped strip (e.g., an L-shaped arm) extending from the feed section 72. A portion of the second section 70 of the third arm 48 (e.g., at the end 66) may be separated from the second arm 50 by a gap 62.

[0036] During signal transmission, the antenna feed section 32 receives power from... Figure 1The radio frequency transceiver circuit 24 receives radio frequency signals. A corresponding (radio frequency) antenna current can flow across the antenna resonant element 46 and the antenna ground 42. The antenna current can radiate radio frequency signals (e.g., as wireless signals) into free space. During signal reception, the antenna resonant element 46 can receive (wireless) radio frequency signals from free space. A corresponding antenna current is then generated on the antenna resonant element 46. The radio frequency signal corresponding to the antenna current is then transmitted to the radio frequency transceiver circuit 24 via the antenna feed 32. Figure 1 ).

[0037] The lengths of the first arm 52, the second arm 50, the third arm 48, and / or the feed segment 72 can be selected such that the antenna 40 operates (processes) in the desired frequency band of interest. For example, the length of the antenna 40 from the positive antenna feed terminal 34 through the feed segment 72, segments 74, 76, and 78 of the first arm 52, and the antenna ground portion 42 to the ground antenna feed terminal 36 (e.g., the length of the loop path 56) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in the first frequency band. The length of the loop path 56 can, for example, be approximately equal to half the effective wavelength corresponding to a frequency in the first frequency band (e.g., within 15% of that effective wavelength). The effective wavelength is equal to the free-space wavelength multiplied by a constant value determined based on the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 44. The first frequency band can, for example, include frequencies between approximately 5.0 GHz and 6.0 GHz (e.g., for transmitting signals in the 5.0 GHz wireless LAN band and / or unlicensed frequencies within the first frequency band). The first frequency band may sometimes be referred to herein as the intermediate frequency band of the antenna 40.

[0038] During signal transmission, antenna current in the first frequency band can flow along the loop path 56 (e.g., along the periphery of the conductive structure forming the loop path 56). The loop path 56 can radiate a corresponding (wireless) radio frequency signal in the first frequency band. Similarly, during signal reception, radio frequency signals received from free space in the first frequency band can cause antenna current in the first frequency band to flow along the loop path 56. In this way, the feed section 72, sections 74, 76, and 78 of the first arm 52, and the portion of the antenna ground section 42 extending from section 78 to the ground antenna feed terminal 36 can form a loop antenna resonant element for the antenna 40 (e.g., the first arm 52 can form part of the loop antenna resonant element). If desired, gap 64 can introduce (distributed) capacitance into the loop path 56, which is used to tune the frequency response of the loop path 56 in the first frequency band. Increasing the width of gap 64 can decrease the capacitance, while decreasing the width of gap 64 can increase the capacitance. The gap 64 may, for example, have a width of 0.01mm-0.10mm (e.g., about 0.05mm), 0.01mm-0.50mm, greater than 0.50mm, etc.

[0039] Meanwhile, the length of the antenna resonant element 46 from the positive antenna feed terminal 34 through feed segment 72, segment 74 of the first arm 52, and segments 80 and 82 of the second arm 50 to the tip 84 of the second arm 50 (e.g., the length of path 60) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in a second frequency band. The length of path 60 may, for example, be approximately equal to one-quarter of the effective wavelength corresponding to a frequency in the second frequency band (e.g., within 15% of that effective wavelength). The second frequency band may, for example, include frequencies below 2.5 GHz (e.g., for transmitting signals in the 2.4 GHz wireless LAN band). The second frequency band may sometimes be referred to herein as the low-frequency band of antenna 40.

[0040] During signal transmission, the antenna current in the second frequency band can flow along path 60 located between the positive antenna feed terminal 34 and the tip 84 (e.g., along the periphery of the conductive structure forming path 60 of the antenna resonant element 46). Path 60 can radiate the corresponding (wireless) radio frequency signal in the second frequency band. Similarly, during signal reception, radio frequency signals received from free space in the second frequency band can cause the antenna current in the second frequency band to flow along path 60. Sections 76 and 78 of the first arm 52 can form a return path to the antenna ground portion 42 for the antenna current in the second frequency band (e.g., a portion of the first arm 52 can form a return path to the ground portion of the second arm 50 in the second frequency band, while resonating with the rest of the loop path 56 in the first frequency band). Thus, the second arm 50 and the first arm 52 can together form an inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element in the second frequency band of the antenna 40 (e.g., the first arm 52 can form both a portion of the loop antenna resonant element in the first frequency band and a portion of the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element in the second frequency band). If needed, gap 64 can introduce a (distributed) capacitor into the second arm 50, which is used to tune the frequency response of path 60 in the second frequency band.

[0041] Furthermore, the length of the third arm 48 (e.g., path 54) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in the third frequency band. The length of the third arm 48 (e.g., path 54) can, for example, be approximately equal to one-quarter of the effective wavelength corresponding to the frequency in the third frequency band (e.g., within 15% of that effective wavelength). The third frequency band can, for example, include frequencies between about 5.0 GHz and 9.0 GHz (e.g., for transmitting signals in the 5.0 GHz wireless LAN band, for transmitting signals in unlicensed bands such as those between 5.925 GHz and 7.125 GHz, for transmitting signals in the 6.5 GHz UWB communication band, and / or for transmitting signals in the 8.0 GHz UWB communication band). The third frequency band may sometimes be referred to herein as the high-frequency band of the antenna 40. The third arm 48 may sometimes be referred to herein as the high-frequency band arm of the antenna 40. The second arm 50 may sometimes be referred to herein as the low-frequency band arm of the antenna 40. The first arm 52 may sometimes be referred to herein as the mid-frequency band arm of the antenna 40.

[0042] During signal transmission, antenna current in the third frequency band can flow along path 54 (e.g., along the periphery of the conductive structure forming the third arm 48) between the positive antenna feed terminal 34 and the tip 66. The third arm 48 (e.g., path 54) can radiate the corresponding (wireless) radio frequency signal in the third frequency band. Similarly, during signal reception, radio frequency signals received from free space in the third frequency band can cause antenna current in the third frequency band to flow along path 54. Thus, the third arm 54 can form a monopole antenna resonant element (e.g., an L-shaped antenna resonant element) in the third frequency band of the antenna 40. If desired, gap 62 can introduce a capacitor into the third arm 48 for tuning the frequency response of the third arm 48 and / or for performing impedance matching for the third arm 48 in the third frequency band.

[0043] When configured in this manner, antenna 40 can transmit (e.g., transmit and / or receive) radio frequency signals in each of the first, second, and third frequency bands with satisfactory antenna efficiency. Antenna 40 can, for example, exhibit a wideband response and can exhibit satisfactory antenna efficiency from the lower limit of the second frequency band to the upper limit of the third frequency band (e.g., from below 2.4 GHz to above 9.0 GHz). Figure 2 The example in which the third arm 48 extends from the feed section 72 of the antenna resonant element 46 is merely illustrative. In another suitable arrangement, the feed section 72 may be omitted, and the third arm 48 may extend from the antenna ground section 42.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing how the third arm 48 of antenna 40 can extend from antenna ground portion 42. (See diagram for reference.) Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 The feed section 72 can be omitted, and the positive antenna feed terminal 34 can be coupled to the first end of the section 74 of the first arm 52. The sections 74, 76, and 78 of the first arm 52 and the section of the antenna ground portion 42 from section 78 to the ground antenna feed terminal 36 can form a loop path 90. The length of the antenna resonant element 46 from the positive antenna feed terminal 34 through the first arm 52 and the antenna ground portion 42 to the ground antenna feed terminal 36 (e.g., the length of the loop path 90) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in the first frequency band. In this way, the portion of the first arm 52 and the antenna ground portion 42 extending from section 78 to the ground antenna feed terminal 36 (e.g., the loop path 90) can form a loop antenna resonant element of the antenna 40 for resonance in the first frequency band.

[0045] The length of the antenna resonant element 46 from the positive antenna feed terminal 34 through a segment 74 of the first arm 52 and through the second arm 50 to its tip 84 (e.g., the length of path 92) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in the second frequency band. Segments 76 and 78 of the first arm 52 can form a return path to the antenna ground 42 for the antenna current in the second frequency band on the second arm 50 (e.g., a portion of the first arm 52 can form a return path to the ground of the second arm 50 in the second frequency band, while resonating with the remainder of the loop path 90 in the first frequency band). Thus, the second arm 50 and the first arm 52 can together form an inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element in the second frequency band of the antenna 40 (e.g., the first arm 52 can form both a portion of the loop antenna resonant element in the first frequency band and a portion of the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element in the second frequency band). A gap 64 can introduce a distributed capacitance used to tune the frequency response of the loop path 90 in the first frequency band and / or to tune the frequency response of the path 92 in the second frequency band.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, segment 68 of the third arm 48 can be coupled to an antenna grounding portion 42 (at a grounding position) located on the side of the antenna feed section 32 opposite to segment 78 of the first arm 52 (e.g., the antenna feed section 32 can be laterally inserted between segment 68 and segment 78 on the dielectric substrate 44). The length of the third arm 48 (e.g., path 88) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in the third frequency band. If desired, gap 62 can introduce a capacitor into the third arm 48 for tuning the frequency response of the third arm 48 and / or for performing impedance matching for the third arm 48 in the third frequency band. The antenna feed section 32 can, for example, indirectly feed the antenna current in the third frequency band of the third arm 48 via near-field electromagnetic coupling (e.g., on gap 62).

[0047] Figure 3The example in which the antenna feed section 32 is inserted between the third arm 48 and the section 78 of the first arm 52 is merely illustrative. In another suitable arrangement, the third arm 48 may be located within the central opening 77 of the first arm 52. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how the third arm 48 can be located within the central opening 77 of the first arm 52.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, segment 68 of the third arm 48 can be coupled to the antenna grounding portion 42 at a position laterally inserted between segment 78 of the antenna feed portion 32 and the first arm 52 (e.g., the third arm 48 can be located within the central opening 77 of the first arm 52). The length of the third arm 48 (e.g., path 94) can be selected to configure the antenna resonant element 46 to resonate in a third frequency band. Figures 2-4 In the example, all three arms 52, 50, and 48 share the same antenna feed section 32 (e.g., antenna feed section 32 feeds the RF signal to each of arms 52, 50, and 48). Antenna feed section 32 is located in antenna 40 and transceiver circuit 24 ( Figure 1 (e.g., the antenna feed section 32 transmits radio frequency signals for each of the arms 52, 50, and 48 from free space to the transceiver circuit 42, which are received by the arms 52, 50, and 48, and the antenna feed section 32 transmits radio frequency signals received by the transceiver circuit 42 through the arms 52, 50, and 48). Figures 2-4 The examples are merely illustrative. In general, the first arm 52, the second arm 50, and the third arm 48 can have other shapes following any desired path (e.g., a path having any desired number of curved segments and / or straight segments and extending at any desired angle). The edges of the conductive material in the antenna resonant element 46 can have any desired shape (e.g., may include any desired number of straight and / or curved portions extending at any desired angle). If desired, the antenna resonant element 46 can cover additional frequency bands.

[0049] Figure 5 Antenna performance as Figures 2-4 The graph shown is a function of the antenna frequency 40. (See attached graph.) Figure 5As shown, curve 96 plots the antenna performance (e.g., voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)) as a function of the frequency of antenna 40. As curve 96 shows, antenna 40 can exhibit a response peak that is below a threshold VSWR value TH from a first frequency F1 to a second frequency F2. Frequency F1 can be, for example, less than 2.4 GHz. Frequency F2 can be, for example, greater than 9.0 GHz. Antenna 40 can exhibit satisfactory antenna efficiency at every frequency where the antenna's VSWR is below the threshold TH. Therefore, antenna 40 can exhibit satisfactory antenna efficiency over a bandwidth 98 from frequency F1 to frequency F2.

[0050] For example, as shown in curve 96, due to Figures 2-4 As shown, due to the contribution (resonance) of the first arm 52, antenna 40 can exhibit a peak response between approximately 5.0 GHz and 6.0 GHz in the first frequency band B1. Due to the contribution (resonance) of the second arm 50 (and the first arm 52 serving as the return path for the second arm 50), antenna 40 can also exhibit a peak response in the second frequency band B2 at 2.4 GHz. Similarly, due to the contribution (resonance) of the third arm 48, antenna 40 can exhibit a peak response between approximately 5.0 GHz and 9.0 GHz in the third frequency band B3. Simultaneously, antenna 40 can exhibit satisfactory antenna efficiency at other frequencies within bandwidth 98. This also allows antenna 40 to transmit radio frequency signals with satisfactory antenna efficiency in any other desired frequency band between frequencies F1 and F2, while occupying a relatively small amount of space within device 10. Figure 5 The example shown is merely illustrative. Curve 96 can have other shapes. Antenna 40 can transmit radio frequency signals at any desired frequency in any desired number of frequency bands.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional side view showing how antenna 40 can be integrated into device 10 (e.g., as along...). Figures 2-4 (As shown by the direction of arrow 86). Figure 6As shown, the dielectric substrate 44 may have a curved surface such as surface 45, and at least one additional surface such as bottom surface 102. The antenna resonant element 46 may be formed from conductive traces patterned onto surface 45 of the dielectric substrate 44. The antenna ground portion 42 may be formed from conductive traces patterned onto both surface 45 and bottom surface 102 of the dielectric substrate 44. If desired, the conductive traces of the antenna ground portion 42 and the antenna resonant element 46 may be patterned onto the dielectric substrate 44 using a laser direct structuring (LDS) process (e.g., the dielectric substrate 44 may be formed from an LDS plastic material). In another suitable arrangement, the antenna ground portion 42 and the antenna resonant element 46 may be patterned onto one or more flexible printed circuits layered onto surfaces 45 and 102 of the dielectric substrate 44.

[0052] Antenna grounding portion 42 and dielectric substrate 44 may include holes or openings, such as hole 104. Fastening structures such as screw 100 may extend through hole 104 to secure antenna grounding portion 42 and dielectric substrate 44 to other device components, such as system grounding portion 116. Screw 100 may be a conductive screw used to short antenna grounding portion 42 to system grounding portion 116 (e.g., system grounding portion 116 may form part of the ground layer of antenna 40). Screw 100 may be replaced by any desired conductive fastening structure, such as conductive clips, conductive springs, conductive pins, conductive supports, conductive adhesives, solder joints, solder, combinations thereof, etc.

[0053] Device 10 may include a dielectric overlay, such as dielectric overlay 110. Dielectric overlay 110 may be formed... Figure 1 The dielectric cover 110 is a portion of the housing 38 of the device 10. The dielectric cover 110 may have an inner surface 112 inside the device 10 and an outer surface 114 outside the device 10. The inner surface 112 and / or the outer surface 114 may be curved surfaces (e.g., three-dimensional curved surfaces curved along any desired axis, such as spherical curved surfaces, non-spherical curved surfaces, free-form curved surfaces, etc.). If desired, the inner surface 112 and the outer surface 114 may have the same curvature. The dielectric cover 110 may be formed of any desired dielectric material, such as plastic, ceramic, rubber, glass, wood, fabric, sapphire, or combinations of these or other materials.

[0054] The dielectric substrate 44 can be mounted within the device 10 such that surface 45 faces the dielectric overlay 110. Antenna resonant element 46 can be separated from the inner surface 112 of the dielectric overlay 110 by a distance 106. Antenna 40 can transmit radio frequency signals 108 through the dielectric overlay 110. Surface 45 of the dielectric substrate 44 can be curved. The curvature of surface 45 can be selected to match the curvature of the inner surface 112 of the dielectric overlay 110 (e.g., surface 45 can be a three-dimensional curved surface curved along any desired axis, such as a spherical curved surface, a non-spherical curved surface, a freely curved surface, etc.). In other words, the entire lateral region of surface 45 overlapping with antenna resonant element 46 can extend parallel to the portion of inner surface 112 overlapping with antenna resonant element 46. This configures antenna resonant element 46 to be separated from inner surface 112 by the same distance 106 over the entire lateral region of antenna resonant element 46 (e.g., over the lateral regions of at least arms 52, 50, and 70). This ensures a uniform impedance transition across the entire lateral region of the antenna resonator 46, from the antenna resonator 46 through the dielectric cladding 110 to free space. Despite the presence of curved impedance boundaries such as the dielectric cladding 110, this can be used to maximize the antenna efficiency of the antenna 40.

[0055] According to one embodiment, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a dielectric substrate having a surface; an antenna ground portion located on the surface; a first antenna arm located on the surface and coupled to the antenna ground portion at a ground location; a second antenna arm located on the surface and extending from the first antenna arm; an antenna feed portion coupled to the antenna ground portion and configured to feed the first antenna arm and the second antenna arm, wherein a portion of the first antenna arm and the antenna ground portion extending between the ground location and the antenna feed portion forms a loop path configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band, the second antenna arm being configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a second frequency band, and a portion of the first antenna arm forming a return path to the antenna ground portion of the second antenna arm; and a gap located between portions of the second antenna arm and the first antenna arm, the gap forming a distributed capacitance configured to tune the frequency response of the first antenna arm in the first frequency band.

[0056] According to another embodiment, the electronic device includes a third antenna arm configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a third frequency band, and an antenna feed section configured to feed the third antenna arm.

[0057] According to another embodiment, the electronic device includes a conductive trace located on a surface, a first antenna arm extending from the conductive trace to a ground location, a third antenna arm extending from the conductive trace, and an antenna feed portion coupled between the antenna ground location and the conductive trace.

[0058] According to another embodiment, the first antenna arm includes a first segment extending from the conductive trace along a first longitudinal axis, the second antenna arm includes a second segment extending from the first segment along a second longitudinal axis that is not parallel to the first longitudinal axis, and the third antenna arm includes a third segment extending from the conductive trace along a third longitudinal axis that is parallel to the first longitudinal axis.

[0059] According to another embodiment, a portion of the first antenna arm includes a fourth segment and a fifth segment, with a gap formed between the fourth segment and the second segment, the fifth segment coupling the fourth segment to a ground position, and the third antenna arm includes a sixth segment extending from the third segment, and the sixth segment extending along a fourth longitudinal axis parallel to the second longitudinal axis.

[0060] According to another embodiment, the third arm is coupled to the antenna grounding part, and the antenna feed part is coupled between the first arm and the antenna grounding part.

[0061] According to another implementation, the third arm includes an L-shaped strip.

[0062] According to another implementation, the second arm is configured to feed the L-shaped strip via near-field electromagnetic coupling.

[0063] According to another embodiment, portions of the first arm and the antenna grounding portion run around a central opening on the surface, with an L-shaped strip located within the central opening.

[0064] According to another implementation, the second frequency band is lower than the first frequency band, and the third frequency band includes frequencies higher than the first frequency band.

[0065] According to another embodiment, the electronic device includes a dielectric cover layer having a curved inner surface, a first antenna arm and a second antenna arm being configured to radiate through the dielectric cover layer, the surface including a curved surface, and the curved surface being uniformly separated from the curved inner surface in the lateral regions of the first antenna arm and the second antenna arm by a distance.

[0066] According to one embodiment, an antenna is provided, comprising: an antenna ground portion; a loop antenna resonant element configured to resonate in a first frequency band; an inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element configured to resonate in a second frequency band, a portion of the loop antenna resonant element forming a return path to the antenna ground portion of the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element; an L-shaped antenna resonant element configured to resonate in a third frequency band; and an antenna feed portion configured to feed the loop antenna resonant element, the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element, and the L-shaped antenna resonant element.

[0067] According to another implementation, the L-shaped antenna resonant element extends from a portion of the loop antenna resonant element.

[0068] According to another implementation, the L-shaped antenna resonant element extends from the antenna grounding portion.

[0069] According to another implementation, the L-shaped antenna resonator is indirectly fed by the inverted F-shaped antenna resonator via near-field electromagnetic coupling.

[0070] According to another embodiment, the first frequency band includes 5 GHz, the second frequency band includes 2.4 GHz, and the third frequency band includes frequencies between 5 GHz and 9 GHz.

[0071] According to one embodiment, an antenna is provided, comprising: an antenna ground portion; a first resonant element arm having a first segment, a second segment extending from the first segment at a non-parallel angle relative to the first segment, and a third segment extending from the second segment to the antenna ground portion; a second resonant element arm having a fourth segment extending from the first and second segments and a fifth segment extending from the fourth segment at a non-parallel angle relative to the fourth segment, the fourth segment extending parallel to the second segment; a gap between the second and fourth segments, the gap forming a distributed capacitance configured to tune the frequency response of the first resonant element arm; a third resonant element arm having a sixth segment coupled to the antenna ground portion and a seventh segment extending from the sixth segment at a non-parallel angle relative to the sixth segment; and an antenna feed portion coupled between the first segment and the antenna ground portion, the antenna feed portion being configured to feed the first, second, and third resonant element arms.

[0072] According to another embodiment, the third section is coupled to a first grounding position located on the antenna grounding part, the sixth section is coupled to a second grounding position located on the antenna grounding part, the antenna feed part includes a positive antenna feed terminal coupled to the first section and a ground antenna feed terminal coupled to the antenna grounding part, and the ground antenna feed terminal is inserted into the antenna grounding part located between the first grounding position and the second grounding position.

[0073] According to another embodiment, a first resonant element arm is configured to radiate in a first frequency band, a second resonant element arm is configured to radiate in a second frequency band below the first frequency band, and a third resonant element arm is configured to radiate in a third frequency band, the third frequency band including frequencies above the first frequency band.

[0074] According to another implementation scheme, the seventh segment extends parallel to the second and fourth segments, and the first segment extends parallel to the third and fifth segments.

[0075] The foregoing description is merely illustrative and various modifications can be made to the described implementation scheme. The described implementation scheme can be implemented independently or in any combination.

Claims

1. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: A dielectric substrate having a surface; An antenna grounding portion, wherein the antenna grounding portion is located on the surface; A first antenna arm, which is located on the surface and coupled to the antenna grounding portion at a grounding location; A second antenna arm is located on the surface and extends from the first antenna arm; An antenna feed section, coupled to the antenna ground section and configured to feed the first antenna arm and the second antenna arm, wherein: The first antenna arm and a portion of the antenna ground portion extending between the ground position and the antenna feed portion form a loop path, the loop path being configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a first frequency band. The second antenna arm is configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a second frequency band, and a portion of the first antenna arm forms a return path to the antenna ground portion of the second antenna arm; A gap, the gap being located between the portion of the second antenna arm and the portion of the first antenna arm; and A dielectric overlay layer having a curved inner surface, wherein a first antenna arm and a second antenna arm are configured to radiate through the dielectric overlay layer, the surface including a curved surface, the first antenna arm and the second antenna arm being disposed between the curved surface of the dielectric substrate and the curved inner surface of the dielectric overlay layer, and the curved surface and the curved inner surface being separated by a uniform distance in the lateral region of the first antenna arm and the second antenna arm.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising: A third antenna arm, configured to transmit radio frequency signals in a third frequency band, wherein the antenna feed section is configured to feed the third antenna arm.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, further comprising: A conductive trace is located on the surface, wherein a first antenna arm extends from the conductive trace to the ground position, a third antenna arm extends from the conductive trace, and the antenna feed is coupled between the antenna ground position and the conductive trace.

4. The electronic device of claim 3, wherein the first antenna arm includes a first segment extending from the conductive trace along a first longitudinal axis, the second antenna arm includes a second segment extending from the first segment, the second segment extending along a second longitudinal axis that is not parallel to the first longitudinal axis, and the third antenna arm includes a third segment extending from the conductive trace, the third segment extending along a third longitudinal axis parallel to the first longitudinal axis.

5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the portion of the first antenna arm includes a fourth segment and a fifth segment, the gap is formed between the fourth segment and the second segment, the fifth segment couples the fourth segment to the ground position, and the third antenna arm includes a sixth segment extending from the third segment, and the sixth segment extends along a fourth longitudinal axis parallel to the second longitudinal axis.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the third antenna arm is coupled to the antenna ground portion, and the antenna feed portion is coupled between the first antenna arm and the antenna ground portion.

7. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the third antenna arm comprises an L-shaped strip.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the second antenna arm is configured to feed the L-shaped strip via near-field electromagnetic coupling.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the portion of the first antenna arm and the antenna ground portion runs around a central opening on the surface, and the L-shaped strip is located within the central opening.

10. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the second frequency band is lower than the first frequency band, and the third frequency band includes frequencies greater than the first frequency band.

11. An antenna, the antenna comprising: Antenna grounding part; A loop antenna resonant element, the loop antenna resonant element being configured to resonate in a first frequency band, wherein the loop antenna resonant element extends around a central opening; An inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element, which is configured to resonate in a second frequency band; An L-shaped antenna resonant element is configured to resonate in a third frequency band, wherein the L-shaped antenna resonant element is disposed within the central opening of the loop antenna resonant element; and Antenna feed section, configured to feed the loop antenna resonant element, the inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element, and the L-shaped antenna resonant element, wherein... The loop antenna resonant element is formed by a first arm coupled to the antenna ground portion at a first ground position and a portion of the antenna ground portion extending between the first ground position and the antenna feed portion. The inverted F-shaped antenna resonant element is formed by the first arm and a second arm extending from the first arm. The L-shaped antenna resonant element is coupled to the antenna grounding part at a second grounding position between the first grounding position and the antenna feed part.

12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the L-shaped antenna resonant element extends from the portion of the antenna grounding portion.

13. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the first frequency band includes 5 GHz, wherein the second frequency band includes 2.4 GHz, and wherein the third frequency band includes frequencies between 5 GHz and 9 GHz.

14. An antenna, said antenna comprising: Antenna grounding part; The feed section is separated from the antenna grounding portion by a first gap; A first resonant element arm, the first resonant element arm having a first section extending from the feed section, a second section extending from the first section at a non-parallel angle relative to the first section, and a third section extending from the second section to the antenna ground portion; The second resonant element arm has a fourth segment extending from the first segment and a fifth segment extending from the fourth segment at a non-parallel angle relative to the fourth segment, wherein the fourth segment extends parallel to the second segment. A second gap, which is located between the second segment and the fourth segment; The third resonant element arm has a sixth segment coupled to the feed segment and a seventh segment extending from the sixth segment at a non-parallel angle relative to the sixth segment. and An antenna feed section having a positive antenna feed terminal coupled to the feed section and a ground antenna feed terminal coupled to the antenna ground section, wherein the antenna feed section is configured to feed the first resonant element arm, the second resonant element arm and the third resonant element arm.

15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the sixth segment extends parallel to the first segment from the feed segment.

16. The antenna of claim 15, wherein the seventh segment extends parallel to the second segment and the first segment extends parallel to the third segment and the fifth segment.

17. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the feed section, the first section, the second section, the third section, and a portion of the antenna ground portion form a loop antenna resonant element, the loop antenna resonant element being configured to radiate in a first frequency band, and the second resonant element arm being configured to radiate in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band.

18. The antenna of claim 14, wherein the sixth segment is coupled to the feed segment at a location between the positive antenna feed terminal and the first segment.

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