One-step forming device for tunnel boring machine and TBM construction of special-shaped tunnel

Abstract

The present application discloses a tunnel boring machine and a one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross section. The one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross section includes a bridge and a crushing assembly, a transport assembly and a discharge assembly installed on the bridge. The bridge is used to connect with the rear supporting equipment of the tunnel boring machine, the crushing assembly is used to properly excavate and lay the excavation area in the tunnel, the transport assembly is used to transport the slag from the excavation, and the discharge assembly is used to send the slag of the transport assembly to the backfill area in the tunnel during operation; so as to realize the one-time forming of the tunnel from the initial cross section to the formed cross section. The above-mentioned one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross section, as an independent and detachable module, can be expanded to an existing circular cross section tunnel boring machine, directly connected to the rear supporting equipment, and can realize automatic backfilling and one-time forming of a special cross section. It has the characteristics of simple structure, flexibility and high efficiency, improves the tunnel construction effect, and reduces the overall cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section, and also to a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) structure, the tunnel excavation surface is mostly a circular cross-section. The advantages of the circular cross-section are good stress resistance and high tunnel safety performance; however, when laying tracks or pavement in the circular cross-section, secondary processing of the tunnel bottom is required.

[0003] At present, in response to the construction requirements of special-shaped sections in tunnel construction, the existing technology provides corresponding tunnel boring machines and excavation devices, which can only meet the most basic construction requirements and there is room for improvement. For example, the excavation device has a complex structure, occupies a large space, does not thoroughly treat the bottom of the tunnel, and the cost of using such excavation equipment is too high; the tunnel boring machine realizes one-time forming of the tunnel construction, but the mechanical properties of the tunnel section are poor, and the cost of subsequent support work is high.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels that solves the above-mentioned technical problems is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels, which, as an independent and detachable module, can be expanded into an existing circular cross-section tunnel boring machine and directly connected to the rear supporting equipment to achieve automatic backfilling and one-time forming of special-shaped cross-sections, and has the characteristics of simple structure, flexibility and high efficiency, which improves the tunnel construction effect and reduces the overall cost. Another purpose of this application is to provide a tunnel boring machine.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a one-step forming device for TBM construction of a special-shaped cross-section tunnel, comprising:

[0007] A bridge frame, used to connect with the rear supporting equipment of the tunnel boring machine; and, installed on the bridge frame:

[0008] Breaking components to properly excavate and lay the excavation area in the tunnel; and

[0009] Transport components to transport excavated rock; and

[0010] The unloading assembly is used to deliver the slag and rock of the transport assembly into the backfill area in the tunnel during operation, so as to realize the one-time forming of the tunnel from the initial section to the formed section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bridge is directly connected to the rear supporting equipment, the bridge moves along with the tunneling machine in the tunneling direction, and the bridge is provided with a first moving wheel and a second moving wheel to achieve the movement;

[0012] Among them, in the excavation direction, the first moving wheel is located in front of the second moving wheel, and the unloading assembly is located between the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel; the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel respectively move in the backfill area before and after the backfilling.

[0013] In some embodiments, the crushing assembly comprises:

[0014] Actuators; and

[0015] A movable arm, driven by the driving member to move; and

[0016] A bucket and a drill bit are installed on the movable arm. The drill bit is used to break rocks, and the bucket is used to flatten and squeeze the slag.

[0017] In some embodiments, the driving member includes a rotary motor, and the rotary motor is connected to the movable arm through a rotary reducer. The driving member can drive the movable arm to rotate a full circle.

[0018] In some embodiments, the movable arm comprises:

[0019] A first connecting arm, a first end of which is hinged to the cycloidal reducer; and

[0020] A second connecting arm, a first end of which is hinged to the second end of the first connecting arm, and a second end of which is connected to the bucket and the drill bit; and

[0021] A first oil cylinder, two ends of which are respectively hinged to the rotary reducer and the first connecting arm; and

[0022] The second oil cylinder has two ends hinged to the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm respectively.

[0023] In some embodiments, the unloading assembly comprises:

[0024] Putting; and

[0025] a roller in contact with the transport assembly; and

[0026] The plowshare is driven by the push rod to achieve lifting and lowering;

[0027] Wherein, when the plowshare is raised, the slag of the transport assembly passes through and is transported out normally; when the plowshare is dropped, the slag of the transport assembly falls into the backfill area under the blocking and guidance of the plowshare.

[0028] In some embodiments, the plowshare is used to make the debris of the transport component fall on both sides of the transport component when falling.

[0029] In some embodiments, the unloading assembly is a plow-type unloader.

[0030] In some embodiments, the transport component is a conveyor belt.

[0031] The present application also provides a tunnel boring machine, including rear supporting equipment and the above-mentioned one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section, wherein the bridge frame of the one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section is connected to the rear supporting equipment.

[0032] Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the one-step forming device for TBM construction of special-section tunnels provided in the present application includes a bridge frame, a crushing assembly, a transportation assembly and a discharge assembly, and the crushing assembly, the transportation assembly and the discharge assembly are installed on the bridge frame.

[0033] When using the one-time forming device for the special-section tunnel TBM construction, it can be expanded into the existing circular-section tunnel boring machine as an independent and detachable module and directly connected to the subsequent supporting equipment; the tunnel boring machine excavates in the tunnel to form the initial section, and the transportation component transports the slag and rock excavated; at the same time, the crushing component properly excavates and lays the excavation area in the tunnel, changing the initial section of the tunnel in the form of excavation; in addition, the unloading component sends the slag and rock of the transportation component to the backfill area in the tunnel when working, further changing the initial section of the tunnel in the form of backfill.

[0034] The one-time forming device for TBM construction of tunnels with special cross-sections can realize automatic backfilling and one-time forming of special cross-sections. The initial cross-section of the tunnel is formed into a formed cross-section through excavation and paving in the excavation area and automatic backfilling in the backfill area. The one-time forming device for TBM construction of tunnels with special cross-sections has the characteristics of simple structure, flexibility and high efficiency, which improves the tunnel construction effect and reduces the overall cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a one-step forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a discharge assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel before forming provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel after forming provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] in:

[0042] 1-unloading assembly, 2-crushing assembly, 3-transportation assembly, 4-bridge, 101-push rod, 102-unloading platform, 103-plowshare, 104-roller, 201-rotation motor, 202-first connecting arm, 203-rotating reducer, 204-first cylinder, 205-second cylinder, 206-second connecting arm, 207-bucket, 208-drill bit, 10-tunnel, 11-initial section, 12-excavation area, 13-backfill area, 14-formed section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 ,in, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a one-step forming device for TBM construction of a special-shaped cross-section tunnel provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the unloading assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel provided in the embodiment of the present application before forming. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel after forming provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] In the first specific embodiment, the present application provides a one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-section tunnels, which mainly includes a bridge frame 4, a crushing component 2, a transportation component 3 and a unloading component 1, wherein the crushing component 2, the transportation component 3 and the unloading component 1 are installed on the bridge frame 4.

[0047] In this embodiment, the one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-section tunnels is an independent and detachable module, which can be expanded to existing tunnel boring machines such as circular-section tunnel boring machines. The device is connected to the subsequent supporting equipment through its bridge frame 4.

[0048] When the tunnel boring machine is excavating in the tunnel 10, the device moves with the tunnel boring machine. The tunnel boring machine excavates an initial section 11 in the tunnel 10. Usually, the initial section 11 is circular. This embodiment is described by taking the tunnel boring machine as a circular section tunnel boring machine as an example. At the same time, based on the initial section 11 of the tunnel 10, the device automatically backfills and forms a special-shaped section at one time, so as to realize the construction of the tunnel 10 from the initial section 11 to the formed section 14.

[0049] Specifically, the function of the transport component 3 is to transport slag, and its structural form is not unique. Any structural form that can achieve the transport function should fall within the scope of description of this embodiment. In this embodiment, when the tunnel boring machine is excavating in the tunnel 10, the transport component 3 transports the slag generated by the excavation.

[0050] At the same time, the crushing assembly 2 performs appropriate excavation and laying of the excavation area 12 in the tunnel 10, thereby changing the initial cross-section 11 of the tunnel 10 in the form of excavation.

[0051] In addition, when in operation, the unloading assembly 1 delivers the slag from the transport assembly 3 into the backfill area 13 in the tunnel 10 , further changing the initial cross section 11 of the tunnel 10 in the form of backfill.

[0052] In this embodiment, the excavation area 12 is equivalent to the portion that needs to be further increased based on the initial cross-section 11; the backfill area 13 is equivalent to the portion that needs to be further reduced based on the initial cross-section 11.

[0053] Combined with the increase of the initial cross-section 11 in the excavation area 12 and the reduction of the initial cross-section 11 in the backfill area 13, the initial cross-section 11 of the tunnel 10 is formed into a formed cross-section 14 through excavation and paving in the excavation area 12 and automatic backfilling in the backfill area 13. The one-time forming device for TBM construction of tunnels with special cross-sections can realize automatic backfilling and one-time forming of special cross-sections; the one-time forming device for TBM construction of tunnels with special cross-sections has the characteristics of simple structure, flexibility and high efficiency, which improves the construction effect of the tunnel 10 and reduces the overall cost.

[0054] It should be noted that the number and position of the excavation areas 12 and the backfill areas 13 are not unique, and the excavation areas 12 and the backfill areas 13 in different configurations should all fall within the scope of the description of this embodiment.

[0055] When the number and position of the excavation area 12 and the backfill area 13 change, there are different forming cross-sections 14; in other words, when using the device, the specific shape of the forming cross-section 14 can be determined according to the construction needs of the tunnel 10, and the specific number and position of the excavation area 12 and the backfill area 13 can be planned according to the shape of the forming cross-section 14.

[0056] For example, continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the tunnel boring machine adopts a traditional TBM cutterhead structure. Under the tunneling action of the tunnel boring machine, the initial cross-section 11 of the tunnel 10 is circular, and the circular cross-section has the characteristics of strong overall bearing capacity; in the tunnel 10, two sets of crushing components 2 are installed on both sides of the lower end of the bridge frame 4, and the excavation area 12 is located on both sides of the lower part of the initial cross-section 11. The crushing components 2 crush the rocks in the excavation area 12. At this time, the use area of ​​the tunnel 10 is the sum of the initial cross-section 11 and the excavation area 12; the backfill area 13 is located at the bottom of the tunnel 10, and the unloading component 1 realizes automatic backfilling of the backfill area 13. At this time, the use area of ​​the tunnel 10 is the sum of the initial cross-section 11 and the excavation area 12 minus the remainder of the backfill area 13.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiment is only one form of implementation of the formed section 14 as a special-shaped section in this application. The device can also realize other forms of formed sections 14, including but not limited to city gate type or horseshoe-shaped tunnel special-shaped sections, etc., which should belong to the description scope of this embodiment.

[0058] In some embodiments, the bridge frame 4 is directly connected to the rear supporting equipment, and the bridge frame 4 moves along with the tunneling machine along the tunneling direction. The bridge frame 4 is provided with a first moving wheel and a second moving wheel to realize the movement.

[0059] In this embodiment, in the excavation direction, the bridge frame 4 has a first support column at the front position and a second support column at the rear position. The first moving wheel is rotatably installed on the first support column, and the second moving wheel is rotatably installed on the second support column. At this time, the first moving wheel is located in front of the second moving wheel, and the unloading assembly 1 is located between the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel.

[0060] When the device is used, the device moves with the tunnel boring machine, the first moving wheel precedes the second moving wheel, and the bridge frame 4 moves in the tunnel 10 with the support of the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel. Because the first moving wheel precedes the second moving wheel, and the unloading assembly 1 is located between the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel, backfilling is not performed at the first moving wheel, that is, the first moving wheel is at a position before backfilling of the backfilling area 13, while backfilling has been performed at the second moving wheel, that is, the second moving wheel is at a position after backfilling of the backfilling area 13.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first moving wheels are arranged in pairs, and the arrangement is similar to that of the two groups of crushing assemblies 2, but the first moving wheels are further down, and the paired first moving wheels contact the bottom of the tunnel 10. At this time, the paired first moving wheels are in an eight-shaped shape, supporting the bridge frame 4 on the bottom of the tunnel 10.

[0062] The second moving wheels are arranged in pairs. Different from the first moving wheels, since backfilling has been carried out at the second moving wheels, the second moving wheels contact the upper surface of the backfill area 13 . The paired second moving wheels are in an upright position to support the bridge frame 4 on the backfill area 13 .

[0063] Exemplarily, the crushing assembly 2 is a crusher, which is connected to the bridge frame 4 by bolts.

[0064] In some embodiments, the crushing assembly 2 includes a driving member, a movable arm, a bucket 207 and a drill bit 208 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the driving member is installed on the bridge frame 4, the movable arm is driven by the driving member to move, the bucket 207 and the drill bit 208 are installed on the movable arm, the drill bit 208 is used to crush rocks, and the bucket 207 is used to flatten and squeeze the slag.

[0066] It should be noted that there are various structural forms of the driving member, including but not limited to electric, pneumatic and hydraulic, which should all fall within the scope of the description of this embodiment.

[0067] In some embodiments, the driving member includes a rotary motor 201, which is connected to the movable arm via a rotary reducer 203, and the driving member can drive the movable arm to rotate a full circle.

[0068] In this embodiment, the driving member is in the form of a rotary motor 201, which is driven by a rotary reducer 203, so that the movable arm can achieve 360° rotation. The circumferential angle is adjusted by rotation to meet the movement requirements of the movable arm and realize excavation at multiple angles.

[0069] In some embodiments, the movable arm includes a connecting arm portion and a cylinder portion.

[0070] Among them, the connecting arm part includes a first connecting arm 202 and a second connecting arm 206. The first end of the first connecting arm 202 is hinged to the rotary reducer 203, and the first end of the second connecting arm 206 is hinged to the second end of the first connecting arm 202. At this time, the bucket 207 and the drill bit 208 are connected to the second end of the second connecting arm 206.

[0071] The cylinder part includes a first cylinder 204 and a second cylinder 205 . The two ends of the first cylinder 204 are respectively hinged to the rotary reducer 203 and the first connecting arm 202 . The two ends of the second cylinder 205 are respectively hinged to the first connecting arm 202 and the second connecting arm 206 .

[0072] When in use, the first connecting arm 202 and the second connecting arm 206 are driven by the first oil cylinder 204 and the second oil cylinder 205 to make the movable arm telescopic and movable to meet the need for further movement of the movable arm and realize excavation at multiple distances.

[0073] More specifically, when the circular initial section 11 needs to be excavated, the position of the drill bit 208 is controlled by the telescopic movement of the first oil cylinder 204 and the second oil cylinder 205, and the crusher is started to crush the rock to realize the excavation of the rock at the lower end of both sides of the initial section 11. When the excavation is completed, there is no need to transport the excavated slag out, and it can be directly filled with the slag dropped from the discharge assembly 1 to realize automatic backfilling. The bucket 207 is fixed on the drill bit 208, and the bucket 207 is controlled to flatten and squeeze the slag to complete the paving of the bottom road surface of the tunnel 10, thereby realizing the one-time forming of the special-shaped section.

[0074] Exemplarily, the transport component 3 is a belt conveyor, which is fixed on the bridge frame 4 .

[0075] Exemplarily, the unloading assembly 1 is a plough-type unloader, which is connected to the bridge frame 4. The plough-type unloader is a unloading and coal-sorting machine with the advantages of absolute self-locking, no internal and external leakage, great overload capacity, and smooth operation.

[0076] In this embodiment, the plough type discharger is connected to the belt conveyor, and the slag and stone transported by the belt conveyor can be dropped from both sides of the belt by controlling the plough type discharger to realize automatic backfilling.

[0077] In some embodiments, the unloading assembly 1 includes a push rod 101, a roller 104, and a plowshare 103; the unloading assembly 1 has two states: working and non-working. When working, the unloading assembly 1 automatically backfills the slag of the transport assembly 3. When non-working, the unloading assembly 1 allows the slag of the transport assembly 3 to pass through and be transported out.

[0078] In this embodiment, the unloading assembly 1 further includes an unloading platform 102, which is fixed on the bridge frame 4, through which the belt of the conveyor passes and contacts the roller 104; the push rod 101 is connected to the unloading platform 102 by bolts; and the plowshare 103 is connected to the push rod 101. When the plowshare 103 is raised, the slag of the transport assembly 3 passes normally and is transported out of the roadway; when the plowshare 103 falls, the slag of the transport assembly 3 falls into the backfill area 13 under the blocking and guidance of the plowshare 103.

[0079] Furthermore, during normal excavation, the push rod 101 is controlled to lift the plowshare 103 and lower the roller 104, so that the slag transported by the belt conveyor passes normally and is transported out of the tunnel; when backfilling is required, the push rod 101 is controlled to lower the plowshare 103 and raise the roller 104, so that the belt and the plowshare 103 fit tightly together, and when the slag transported by the belt conveyor passes through the plow type discharger 1 and touches the plowshare 103, it will fall from both sides of the belt conveyor 3 and reach the bottom of the tunnel 10 to realize automatic backfilling.

[0080] In some embodiments, the plowshare 103 is used to make the debris of the transport component 3 fall on both sides of the transport component 3 when falling.

[0081] The present application also provides a tunnel boring machine, including rear supporting equipment and the above-mentioned one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section, wherein the bridge frame 4 of the one-time forming device for TBM construction of a tunnel with a special cross-section is connected to the rear supporting equipment.

[0082] The tunnel boring machine should have all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped tunnels; on the basis of automatic backfilling of the bottom of the tunnel 10, the device is used to properly excavate the circular initial section 11 to meet the required special-shaped forming section 14; the device is detachable, simple in structure, and the structural bearing capacity of the forming section 14 is strong, and it has the advantages of safety, stability, high efficiency, and integrated excavation and support.

[0083] It should be noted that many of the components mentioned in this application are universal standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0084] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0085] The above is a detailed introduction to the tunnel boring machine and the one-time forming device for TBM construction of special-section tunnels provided by the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A one-step forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels, characterized in that: include: A bridge (4) for connecting to the rear supporting equipment of the tunnel boring machine; and, installed on the bridge (4): A crushing assembly (2) for properly excavating and paving an excavation area (12) in a tunnel (10); and A transport component (3) for transporting the excavated debris; and A discharge assembly (1) is used to deliver the slag from the transport assembly (3) into a backfill area (13) in the tunnel (10) during operation, so as to achieve one-time shaping of the tunnel (10) from an initial cross section (11) to a formed cross section (14); The bridge frame (4) is directly connected to the rear supporting equipment, the bridge frame (4) moves along with the tunneling machine in the tunneling direction, and the bridge frame (4) is provided with a first moving wheel and a second moving wheel for achieving movement; Wherein, in the excavation direction, the first moving wheel is located in front of the second moving wheel, and the unloading assembly (1) is located between the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel; the first moving wheel and the second moving wheel respectively move in the backfill area (13) at positions before and after the backfill; The crushing assembly (2) comprises: Actuators; and A movable arm, driven by the driving member to move; and A bucket (207) and a drill bit (208) are mounted on the movable arm, the drill bit (208) is used to break rocks, and the bucket (207) is used to flatten and squeeze the slag; The driving member comprises a rotary motor (201), the rotary motor (201) being connected to the movable arm via a rotary reducer (203), and the driving member can drive the movable arm to rotate a full circle; The movable arm comprises: A first connecting arm (202), a first end of which is hinged to the cycloidal reducer (203); and A second connecting arm (206), a first end of which is hinged to the second end of the first connecting arm (202), and a second end of which is connected to the bucket (207) and the drill bit (208); and A first oil cylinder (204), two ends of which are respectively hinged to the rotary reducer (203) and the first connecting arm (202); and A second oil cylinder (205), two ends of which are respectively hinged to the first connecting arm (202) and the second connecting arm (206); The unloading assembly (1) comprises: Push rod (101); and A roller (104) in contact with the transport assembly (3); and The plowshare (103) is driven by the push rod (101) to achieve lifting and lowering; When the plowshare (103) is lifted, the slag of the transport assembly (3) passes through and is transported out normally; when the plowshare (103) is lowered, the slag of the transport assembly (3) falls into the backfill area (13) under the obstruction and guidance of the plowshare (103).

2. The one-step forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plowshare (103) is used to make the slag of the transport component (3) fall on both sides of the transport component (3) when falling.

3. The one-step forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The discharge assembly (1) is a plough-type discharger.

4. The one-step forming device for TBM construction of special-shaped cross-section tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transport component (3) is a belt conveyor.

5. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It comprises a rear-end supporting equipment and a one-step forming device for TBM construction of a special-shaped cross-section tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a bridge frame (4) of the one-step forming device for TBM construction of a special-shaped cross-section tunnel is connected to the rear-end supporting equipment.

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