Intelligent heat exchanger and automatic online cleaning method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent heat exchanger and an automatic online cleaning method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat exchangers. The heat exchanger includes a shell, a heat exchange tube group, and a first tube sheet and a second tube sheet connected to the shell. The first tube sheet is connected to two or more first heads, and the second tube sheet is connected to two or more second heads corresponding to the first heads. The first head is provided with a first stop valve, and the multiple first stop valves are all connected to a first liquid inlet pipe. A first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group respectively through the multiple first heads. The second head is provided with a second stop valve, and the multiple second stop valves are all connected to the first liquid outlet pipe. The present invention can automatically use the heat exchange medium after supercharging and speeding up to perform online flushing and online backwashing on the heat exchange tubes in the corresponding area of the head, thereby reducing the accumulation of dirt, having a good backwashing effect without stopping the machine, and controlling the online cleaning method by monitoring the temperature, thereby improving the working efficiency and working effect of the heat exchanger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular relates to an intelligent heat exchanger and an automatic online cleaning method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tubular heat exchanger (also known as shell and tube, or shell and tube) is a typical partition-type heat exchanger with a long history of industrial application and still dominates all heat exchangers. A tubular heat exchanger primarily consists of a shell, tube bundle, tube sheet, and header. The shell is typically circular, housing a bundle of parallel tubes fixed to the tube sheet at both ends. In a tubular heat exchanger, if dirt deposits on one tube, the local resistance of that tube increases, restricting the flow rate and reducing the flow velocity. The medium is then distributed to other tubes, rebalancing the resistance of each tube within the heat exchanger. This causes the flow rate in the tube with deposited dirt to decrease, making it more susceptible to accumulation and ultimately leading to complete blockage. Existing methods typically involve removing the headers at both ends and manually unclogging the tubes. This method requires shutting down the entire heat exchange system and is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem: In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent heat exchanger and its automatic online cleaning method to realize online cleaning of the heat exchange tubes, reduce dirt accumulation in the heat exchange tubes, and improve the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger.

[0004] Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An intelligent heat exchanger includes a shell, a heat exchange tube group arranged in the shell for circulating a first heat exchange medium, and a first tube sheet and a second tube sheet connected to the shell, wherein two or more first heads are connected to the first tube sheet, and two or more second heads corresponding to the first heads are connected to the second tube sheet, a first stop valve is provided on the first head, and multiple first stop valves are connected to a first liquid inlet pipe, and the first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group respectively through the multiple first heads, a second stop valve is provided on the second head, and multiple second stop valves are connected to a first liquid outlet pipe, and the first heat exchange medium enters the first liquid outlet pipe respectively from the multiple second heads after heat exchange in the heat exchange tube group.

[0006] Preferably, the first liquid inlet pipe is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe through a backwash pipe, the backwash pipe is provided with a backwash valve, the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with a backwash drain valve for draining sewage, the first liquid inlet pipe is provided with a third stop valve for controlling the first heat exchange medium to enter the first head, and the first liquid outlet pipe is provided with a fourth stop valve.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the first heads is four, and the four first heads are symmetrically arranged on the first tube sheet to divide the first tube sheet into four areas of equal area, and the outlet end of the first head is fan-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, a first thermometer is provided on the first head, and a second thermometer is provided on the second head.

[0009] Preferably, the housing is provided with a controller electrically connected to the first stop valve, the second stop valve, the third stop valve, the fourth stop valve, the backwash valve and the backwash drain valve, and the first thermometer and the second thermometer are electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] Preferably, the outlet end of the backwash drain valve is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe through a connecting pipe, and a filter is provided on the connecting pipe.

[0011] The present invention also provides an automatic online cleaning method for an intelligent heat exchanger, using the above-mentioned intelligent heat exchanger. Under normal working conditions of the heat exchanger, the backwash valve and the backwash drain valve are closed, the third stop valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve, and the fourth stop valve are all opened, and the first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group from the first liquid inlet pipe through the multiple first heads. The heat exchange tube group is divided into multiple areas corresponding to the first heads. After heat exchange, the first heat exchange medium enters the first liquid outlet pipe through the multiple second heads. The online cleaning is divided into regional flushing and regional backwashing.

[0012] When it is necessary to flush the heat exchange tube group area, the first stop valve on the first head corresponding to the area that does not need to be flushed in the heat exchange tube group is closed, and the first stop valve on the first head corresponding to the area that needs to be flushed is opened. The pressure and flow rate of the first heat exchange medium increase after the flow tube diameter is reduced. The first heat exchange medium with increased pressure and speed is used to flush part of the heat exchange tube group, realizing online regional flushing of the heat exchanger;

[0013] When it is necessary to backwash the heat exchange tube group area, the controller controls the third stop valve and the fourth stop valve to close, controls the backwash valve and the backwash drain valve to open, closes the second stop valve on the second head corresponding to the area that does not need backwashing in the heat exchange tube group, and closes the first stop valve corresponding to the closed second stop valve. The second stop valve on the second head corresponding to the area that needs to be backwashed is opened, and the first stop valve corresponding to the opened second stop valve is also opened. The first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group from the backwash pipe through the second head, backwashes the heat exchange tube group while exchanging heat, and then enters the first liquid outlet pipe through the backwash drain valve and the connecting pipe to realize online regional backwashing of the heat exchanger;

[0014] When the deviation between the temperature value measured by one of the multiple second thermometers and the average temperature measured by all the second thermometers is greater than the deviation value, regional flushing is performed; when the temperature values measured by the multiple second thermometers are all less than the preset value, regional backwashing is performed.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. By setting multiple heads, the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube group are divided into multiple areas, and the shut-off valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first head. The heat exchange medium after the pressurization and acceleration can be automatically used to perform online flushing on the heat exchange tubes in the corresponding area of the head, thereby reducing the accumulation of dirt, with a good flushing effect and without the need to shut down; 2. Through the backwash pipe and the backwash valve, the shut-off valve is used to control the opening and closing of the second head. The heat exchange medium after the pressurization and acceleration can be automatically used to perform online backwashing on the heat exchange tubes in the corresponding area of the head, thereby reducing the accumulation of dirt, with a good backwashing effect and without the need to shut down; 3. By setting a thermometer, the temperature after heat exchange is monitored, and the online cleaning method is controlled by monitoring the temperature, thereby improving the working efficiency and working effect of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure at the first head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. The examples are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an intelligent heat exchanger includes a shell 1, a heat exchange tube group 2, a first tube sheet 3 and a second tube sheet 4. The first tube sheet 3 and the second tube sheet 4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the shell 1, and the heat exchange tube group 2 is arranged in the shell 1. The heat exchange tube group 2 includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes for circulating a first heat exchange medium. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the first tube sheet 3, and the other end is connected to the second tube sheet 4. The shell 1 is provided with a second medium inlet 12 and a second medium outlet 11 for circulating a second heat exchange medium. The first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium complete heat exchange on the heat exchange tubes.

[0020] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, four first heads 5 are connected to the first tube sheet 3. The first tube sheet 3 is a circular plate. The four first heads 5 are symmetrically arranged on the first tube sheet 3 to divide the first tube sheet 3 into four areas of equal area. The heat exchange tube group 2 is divided into four sector-shaped areas. Each first head 5 corresponds to a sector-shaped area. A first stop valve 51 is provided on one end of the first head 5. The four first heads 5 are respectively connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 52 through the first stop valve 51. The outlet end of the first head 5 is fan-shaped. The outlet end of the first head 5 is detachably connected to the first tube sheet 3 by bolts, so that the four first heads 5 connect the first tube sheet 3. The heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tubes in the corresponding fan-shaped areas from the first liquid inlet pipe 52 through the four first heads 5; the second tube sheet 4 is connected to four second heads 6, which correspond to the first heads 5 one by one and are symmetrical in structure. A second stop valve 61 is provided on the tail end of each second head 6, and multiple second stop valves 61 are connected to the first liquid outlet pipe 62. After heat exchange in the heat exchange tube group 2, the first heat exchange medium enters the first liquid outlet pipe 62 from the corresponding second heads 6. The first liquid outlet pipe 62 is provided with a fourth stop valve 621, and the first heat exchange medium is discharged from the fourth stop valve 621.

[0021] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the first liquid inlet pipe 52 is provided with a third stop valve 521 for controlling the first heat exchange medium to enter the first head 5. At the front end of the third stop valve 521, the first liquid inlet pipe 52 is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe 62 through the backwash pipe 7. The backwash pipe 7 is provided with a backwash valve 71. The first liquid inlet pipe 52 is provided with a backwash drain valve 72 for draining sewage. The first heat exchange medium after backwashing is discharged from the backwash drain valve 72. The outlet end of the backwash drain valve 72 is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe 62 through a connecting pipe 74. The connecting pipe 74 is provided with a filter 741, so that the first heat exchange medium after backwashing also enters the first liquid outlet pipe 62 after being filtered by the filter 741 and discharged.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the first end cap 5 is provided with a first thermometer 53 for measuring the temperature of the liquid within the first end cap 5 . The second end cap 6 is provided with a second thermometer 63 for measuring the temperature of the liquid within the second end cap 6 , and can measure the temperature data of the liquid after heat exchange. The housing 1 is provided with a controller 8 , which uses an existing PLC controller. The controller 8 is electrically connected to the first stop valve 51 , the second stop valve 61 , the third stop valve 521 , the fourth stop valve 621 , the backwash valve 71 , and the backwash drain valve 72 . The controller 8 can control the opening and closing of all valves. The first thermometer 53 and the second thermometer 63 are both electrically connected to the controller 8 for transmitting temperature data to the controller 8 .

[0023] An intelligent automatic online cleaning method for a heat exchanger is disclosed. The heat exchanger is used in heat exchange between seawater and freshwater. The second heat exchange medium is freshwater flowing through the shell side, and the first heat exchange medium is seawater flowing through the tube side. Since there are silt and impurities in seawater, long-term operation in the heat exchange tubes can easily cause tube blockage. When the heat exchanger is in normal working condition, the backwash valve 71 and the backwash drain valve 72 are closed, and the third stop valve 521, the first stop valve 51, the second stop valve 61 and the fourth stop valve 621 are all opened. The first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group 2 from the first liquid inlet pipe 52 through multiple first heads 5. The heat exchange tube group 2 is divided into multiple areas corresponding to the first heads 5. After heat exchange, the first heat exchange medium enters the first liquid outlet pipe 62 from the multiple second heads 6.

[0024] Online cleaning is divided into regional flushing and regional backwashing. When the heat exchange tube group 2 needs to be flushed in different regions, the first stop valve 51 on the first head 5 corresponding to the area that does not need to be flushed in the heat exchange tube group 2 is closed, and the first stop valve 51 on the first head 5 corresponding to the area that needs to be flushed is opened. For example, three of the four first heads 5 are closed, and only one first stop valve 51 is opened. The first heat exchange medium enters the part of the pipeline of the heat exchange tube group 2 corresponding to the first head 5 through the opened first stop valve 51. After the flow pipe diameter is reduced, the pressure of the first heat exchange medium increases and the flow rate increases. The first heat exchange medium with increased pressure and speed is used to flush part of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube group 2. By opening the first stop valves 51 on different heads in turn in the same way, multiple areas of the heat exchange tube group 2 are flushed in turn, realizing online regional flushing of the heat exchanger. Online regional flushing can be controlled by the controller 8 for timing.

[0025] When it is necessary to backwash the heat exchange tube group 2 in different areas, the controller 8 controls the third stop valve 521 and the fourth stop valve 621 to close, and controls the backwash valve 71 and the backwash drain valve 72 to open. The second stop valve 61 on the second head 6 corresponding to the area that does not need backwashing in the heat exchange tube group 2 is closed, and the first stop valve 51 corresponding to the closed second stop valve 61 is also closed. The second stop valve 61 on the second head 6 corresponding to the area that needs to be backwashed is opened, and the first stop valve 51 corresponding to the opened second stop valve 61 is also opened. The first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group 2 from the backwash pipe 7 through the second head 6. The first heat exchange medium after pressurization and speed increase backwashes the heat exchange tube group 2 while exchanging heat, and then enters the first liquid outlet pipe 62 through the backwash drain valve 72 and the connecting pipe 74, thereby realizing online regional backwashing of the heat exchanger.

[0026] When the deviation between the temperature value measured by one of the four second thermometers 63 and the average temperature value measured by the four second thermometers 63 is greater than the deviation value, for example, the average temperature value measured by the four second thermometers 63 is 35°C, the deviation value is set to 3°C, and the temperature value measured by a second thermometer 63 is 31.5°C, then the area corresponding to the second head 6 where the second thermometer 63 is located is flushed online to reduce blockage in the area and improve the heat exchange effect in the area; when the temperature values measured by the four second thermometers 63 are greater than the preset value, for example, the preset value is 32°C, and the temperature values measured by the four second thermometers 63 are all less than 32°C, each area of the heat exchange tube group 2 is backwashed in turn by controlling the switching of multiple valves to reduce blockage of the heat exchange tubes and improve the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange tubes.

[0027] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent heat exchanger, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), a heat exchange tube group (2) arranged in the shell (1) for circulating a first heat exchange medium, and a first tube sheet (3) and a second tube sheet (4) connected to the shell (1), wherein the first tube sheet (3) is connected to two or more first heads (5), and the second tube sheet (4) is connected to two or more second heads (6) corresponding to the first heads (5), the first head (5) is provided with a first stop valve (51), and the plurality of first stop valves (51) are all connected to a first liquid inlet pipe (52), and the first heat exchange medium respectively enters the heat exchange tube group (2) through the plurality of first heads (5), and the second head (6) is provided with a first stop valve (51). A second stop valve (61), a plurality of the second stop valves (61) are all connected to the first liquid outlet pipe (62), the first heat exchange medium respectively enters the first liquid outlet pipe (62) after heat exchange in the heat exchange tube group (2), the first liquid inlet pipe (52) is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe (62) through a backwash pipe (7), the backwash pipe (7) is provided with a backwash valve (71), the first liquid inlet pipe (52) is provided with a backwash drain valve (72) for draining sewage, the first liquid inlet pipe (52) is provided with a third stop valve (521) for controlling the first heat exchange medium to enter the first head (5), and the first liquid outlet pipe (62) is provided with a fourth stop valve (621).

2. The intelligent heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first heads (5) is four, and the four first heads (5) are symmetrically arranged on the first tube sheet (3) to divide the first tube sheet (3) into four areas of equal area, and the outlet end of the first head (5) is fan-shaped.

3. The intelligent heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing head (5) is provided with a first thermometer (53), and the second sealing head (6) is provided with a second thermometer (63).

4. The intelligent heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a controller (8) electrically connected to the first stop valve (51), the second stop valve (61), the third stop valve (521), the fourth stop valve (621), the backwash valve (71), and the backwash drain valve (72); the first thermometer (53) and the second thermometer (63) are both electrically connected to the controller (8).

5. The intelligent heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet end of the backwash drain valve (72) is connected to the first liquid outlet pipe (62) via a connecting pipe (74), and a filter (741) is provided on the connecting pipe (74).

6. An automatic online cleaning method for an intelligent heat exchanger, applied to the intelligent heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the heat exchanger is in normal working condition, the backwash valve (71) and the backwash drain valve (72) are closed, the third stop valve (521), the first stop valve (51), the second stop valve (61) and the fourth stop valve (621) are all opened, the first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group (2) from the first liquid inlet pipe (52) through the plurality of first heads (5), the heat exchange tube group (2) is divided into a plurality of areas corresponding to the first heads (5), and after heat exchange, the first heat exchange medium enters the first liquid outlet pipe (62) from the plurality of second heads (6); online cleaning is divided into regional flushing and regional backwashing; When the heat exchange tube group (2) needs to be flushed in different regions, the first stop valve (51) on the first head (5) corresponding to the region that does not need to be flushed in the heat exchange tube group (2) is closed, and the first stop valve (51) on the first head (5) corresponding to the region that needs to be flushed is opened. The pressure and flow rate of the first heat exchange medium increase after the diameter of the circulation tube is reduced, and the first heat exchange medium with increased pressure and speed is used to flush part of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube group (2), thereby realizing online flushing of the heat exchanger in different regions; When the heat exchange tube group (2) needs to be backwashed in different regions, the controller (8) controls the third stop valve (521) and the fourth stop valve (621) to be closed, controls the backwash valve (71) and the backwash drain valve (72) to be opened, closes the second stop valve (61) on the second end cap (6) corresponding to the region that does not need backwashing in the heat exchange tube group (2), and closes the first stop valve (51) corresponding to the closed second stop valve (61). The second stop valve (61) on the second end cap (6) corresponding to the region that needs to be backwashed is opened, and the first stop valve (51) corresponding to the opened second stop valve (61) is also opened. The first heat exchange medium enters the heat exchange tube group (2) from the backwash pipe (7) through the second end cap (6), backwashes the heat exchange tube group (2) while exchanging heat, and then enters the first liquid outlet pipe (62) through the backwash drain valve (72) and the connecting pipe (74), thereby realizing online backwashing of the heat exchanger in different regions. When the deviation between the temperature value measured by one of the plurality of second thermometers (63) and the average temperature value measured by all the second thermometers (63) is greater than the deviation value, regional flushing is performed; when the temperature values measured by the plurality of second thermometers (63) are all less than the preset value, regional backwashing is performed.

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