A temperature prediction system based on atmospheric physical structure measurement

Abstract

The present invention discloses a temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure. The system comprises a space-based module that periodically collects space-based atmospheric data from the airspace below and records the collection time; several ground-based modules that obtain several copies of ground-based atmospheric data from the airspace above; several image acquisition modules that obtain characteristic images of the airspace above; a processing module that, based on the collection time of the space-based atmospheric data, obtains the ground-based atmospheric data with the closest collection time from the corresponding copies of ground-based data; obtains cloud data and atmospheric analysis data based on the collection time of the space-based atmospheric data; obtains the corresponding atmospheric temperature profile based on the atmospheric analysis data; and several prediction modules that are used to obtain correction data; and obtains temperature data at several preset heights based on the correction data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric temperature prediction, and in particular to a temperature prediction system for measurement based on the physical structure of the atmosphere. Background Art

[0002] A temperature profile is a curve that describes the distribution of atmospheric temperature with altitude. There are several ways to divide the atmosphere into different layers, the most common of which is based on the vertical distribution and variation of atmospheric temperature. According to this classification, the atmosphere is divided into the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, from the lowest to the highest layers.

[0003] Using atmospheric data from spaceborne remote sensing, global atmospheric temperature profile inversion products can be obtained. However, the accuracy of measurements at low altitudes near the ground is low due to cloud cover. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the low accuracy of atmospheric temperature profile leads to inaccurate temperature prediction.

[0005] The present invention provides a temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure, comprising:

[0006] A space-based module, which periodically collects space-based atmospheric data of the airspace below according to a pre-set collection position table and records the collection time;

[0007] There are several ground-based modules; each ground-based module acquires several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above it and records the acquisition time when the space-based module passes through the corresponding airspace above it;

[0008] Image acquisition module: There are several image acquisition modules, which are arranged one by one on the ground-based module side. When each image acquisition module collects atmospheric data from the corresponding ground-based module, it obtains characteristic images of several upper airspaces and records the acquisition time;

[0009] a processing module, which obtains ground-based atmospheric data with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; obtains cloud data by obtaining a characteristic image of the upper airspace with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; processes the space-based atmospheric data and the ground-based atmospheric data according to the cloud data to obtain atmospheric analysis data; and obtains a corresponding atmospheric temperature profile based on the atmospheric analysis data;

[0010] Prediction modules, there are several prediction modules, which are set one by one on the foundation module side, and are used to obtain the measured data of several heights corresponding to the foundation module and compare them with the predicted data of the corresponding heights in its atmospheric temperature profile to obtain correction data; obtain temperature data of several preset heights based on the correction data.

[0011] Furthermore, the cloud layer data includes:

[0012] The feature image is preprocessed and then identified to determine whether there are clouds; if not, the process stops; if so, cloud data including the cloud bottom height and cloud top height are obtained.

[0013] Furthermore, the ground-based atmospheric data and the space-based atmospheric data are processed and analyzed according to the cloud data to obtain the corresponding atmospheric temperature profile, including:

[0014] When there is no cloud layer in the feature image, data below the standard altitude in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data, and data above the standard altitude in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data;

[0015] When there are clouds in the feature image, the data below the cloud bottom height in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data, and the data above the cloud top height in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data.

[0016] Furthermore, the atmospheric temperature profile is obtained, including:

[0017] When there is no cloud layer in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile; the atmospheric temperature profile is obtained by combining the two.

[0018] When there are clouds in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the space-based atmospheric temperature profile; and based on the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, the cloud layer atmospheric temperature profile of the airspace between the cloud top altitude and the cloud bottom altitude is obtained.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the corrected data includes:

[0020] In the atmospheric temperature profile, profile data corresponding to several height measured data are obtained in a one-to-one correspondence; the difference between the measured data and the profile data is obtained in a one-to-one correspondence and the average value is taken as the correction data.

[0021] Furthermore, the standard height includes a maximum acquisition height at which the accuracy of data acquisition by the foundation module is within a preset range.

[0022] Furthermore, the ground-based module obtains several sets of ground-based atmospheric data corresponding to the airspace above, including:

[0023] The time at which the space-based module obtains the atmospheric data of the airspace below the ground-based module is preset in the ground-based module. The ground-based module continuously obtains several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above at a preset frequency within a predetermined time period before and after the time.

[0024] Furthermore, the image acquisition module obtains several feature images, including:

[0025] The image acquisition module and the ground-based module have the same start time, end time and preset frequency for acquiring data.

[0026] Furthermore, obtaining the preset frequency of the ground-based module includes:

[0027] Get the time t when the space-based module passes through the area corresponding to the ground-based module, and the preset frequency f=1 / t.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] By setting up a ground-based module to obtain ground-based atmospheric data in the airspace above the region, the space-based module supplements the space-based atmospheric data in the airspace below, near the low altitude, making the atmospheric analysis data more accurate. Furthermore, an image acquisition module acquires images of the airspace above the corresponding region of the ground-based module and obtains cloud data to determine whether there is cloud interference above the region. Based on the judgment results, the sky-based atmospheric data and the ground-based atmospheric data are processed to obtain atmospheric analysis data. This makes the atmospheric analysis data more precise, allowing for an accurate atmospheric temperature profile. The prediction module then obtains correction data based on the measured data and corrects the atmospheric temperature profile based on the correction data to predict the temperature data at the corresponding altitude. This makes the predicted temperature more accurate, solving the technical problem of inaccurate temperature predictions caused by the low accuracy of the atmospheric temperature profile in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure, comprising:

[0032] A space-based module, which periodically collects space-based atmospheric data of the airspace below according to a pre-set collection position table and records the collection time;

[0033] There are several ground-based modules; each ground-based module acquires several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above it and records the acquisition time when the space-based module passes through the corresponding airspace above it;

[0034] Image acquisition module: There are several image acquisition modules, which are arranged one by one on the ground-based module side. When each image acquisition module collects atmospheric data from the corresponding ground-based module, it obtains characteristic images of several upper airspaces and records the acquisition time;

[0035] a processing module, which obtains ground-based atmospheric data with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; obtains cloud data by obtaining a characteristic image of the upper airspace with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; processes the space-based atmospheric data and the ground-based atmospheric data according to the cloud data to obtain atmospheric analysis data; and obtains a corresponding atmospheric temperature profile based on the atmospheric analysis data;

[0036] Prediction modules, there are several prediction modules, which are set one by one on the foundation module side, and are used to obtain the measured data of several heights corresponding to the foundation module and compare them with the predicted data of the corresponding heights in its atmospheric temperature profile to obtain correction data; obtain temperature data of several preset heights based on the correction data.

[0037] In this embodiment, the space-based module includes an atmospheric infrared hyperspectral detector carried by a satellite, and the ground-based module includes an infrared hyperspectral detector placed on the ground; the satellite carrying the space-based module periodically passes through the area corresponding to the ground-based module, and obtains space-based atmospheric data of the airspace below the area corresponding to the area, and obtains ground-based atmospheric data at the same or similar time; the space-based atmospheric data and the ground-based atmospheric data both include infrared hyperspectral signals and corresponding altitude data.

[0038] In this embodiment, a ground-based module is configured to acquire ground-based atmospheric data from the airspace above the region, thereby supplementing the space-based atmospheric data from the lower, lower airspace, acquired by the space-based module. This makes the atmospheric analysis data more accurate. Furthermore, an image acquisition module acquires images of the airspace above the region corresponding to the ground-based module and obtains cloud data to determine whether there is cloud interference above the region. Based on the judgment results, the sky-based and ground-based atmospheric data are processed to obtain atmospheric analysis data. This makes the atmospheric analysis data more precise, allowing for accurate acquisition of the atmospheric temperature profile. The prediction module then acquires corrected data based on the measured data and corrects the atmospheric temperature profile based on the corrected data to predict temperature data at the corresponding altitude, making the predicted temperature more accurate.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, the cloud layer data includes:

[0040] The feature image is preprocessed and then identified to determine whether there are clouds; if not, the process stops; if so, cloud data including the cloud bottom height and cloud top height are obtained.

[0041] In this embodiment, the feature image is first grayscaled to obtain a grayscale image, and obstacles in the grayscale image are identified and the obstacle area is obtained. The obstacle is a cloud layer. When the obstacle area is less than or equal to a set threshold, its impact on the measurement accuracy of the space-based module and the ground-based module is small, so it is determined that there is no cloud layer. When the obstacle area is greater than the set threshold, it has a greater impact on the measurement accuracy of the space-based module and the ground-based module, and it is determined that there is a cloud layer. When there is a cloud layer, the cloud bottom height and cloud top height are obtained as cloud layer data using lidar technology.

[0042] Another embodiment of the present invention processes and analyzes ground-based atmospheric data and space-based atmospheric data according to cloud data to obtain corresponding atmospheric temperature profiles, including:

[0043] When there is no cloud layer in the feature image, data below the standard altitude in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data, and data above the standard altitude in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data;

[0044] When there are clouds in the feature image, the data below the cloud bottom height in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data, and the data above the cloud top height in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, the standard height includes a maximum acquisition height at which the accuracy of data acquisition by the foundation module is within a preset range.

[0046] In this embodiment, when there is no cloud layer, both the ground-based module and the space-based module maintain measurement accuracy within their measurement ranges. The ground-based module collects ground-based atmospheric data below the standard altitude and combines it with space-based atmospheric data above the standard altitude to obtain atmospheric analysis data, thereby ensuring accurate atmospheric analysis data.

[0047] When there are clouds, the measurement accuracy of both the ground-based and space-based modules is affected between the cloud base and the cloud height, so data within this altitude range is not used. It should be noted that when the cloud base altitude is less than or equal to the standard altitude, the ground-based atmospheric data obtained by the ground-based module is more accurate. When the cloud base altitude is greater than the standard altitude, the atmospheric data collected by the ground-based module between the standard altitude and the cloud base altitude is more accurate than that collected by the space-based module, so the atmospheric data collected by the ground-based module is used.

[0048] Another embodiment of the present invention obtains an atmospheric temperature profile, including:

[0049] When there is no cloud layer in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile; the atmospheric temperature profile is obtained by combining the two.

[0050] When there are clouds in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the space-based atmospheric temperature profile; and based on the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, the cloud layer atmospheric temperature profile of the airspace between the cloud top altitude and the cloud bottom altitude is obtained.

[0051] Space-based atmospheric data profiling analysis methods include:

[0052] Acquire the space-based atmosphere; construct a first radiation transfer equation based on the space-based atmospheric data; construct an iterative equation of the least squares solution of the first radiation transfer equation under a first constraint matrix; solve the iterative equation for a converged solution to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the region and at the time.

[0053] Ground-based atmospheric data profiling analysis methods include:

[0054] Acquire ground-based atmospheric data; construct a second radiation transfer equation based on the ground-based atmospheric data; construct an iterative equation of the least squares solution of the second radiation transfer equation under a second constraint matrix; solve the converged solution of the iterative equation to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the area and at the time.

[0055] The first radiation transfer equation, the second transfer equation, the first constraint matrix, and the second constraint matrix are all well-known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0056] The process of obtaining the atmospheric temperature profile between the cloud base and the cloud top includes:

[0057] A profile analysis neural network model was established to obtain 500 sets of atmospheric temperature profiles above and below the cloud layer, as well as the atmospheric temperature profiles in the corresponding cloud layer; 450 sets of data were used as training sets, 40 sets of data were used as verification sets, and 10 sets were used as validation sets; the profile analysis neural network model was trained until it passed the training.

[0058] That is, by inputting the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile into the profile analysis neural network model, the cloud layer atmospheric temperature profile of the airspace between the cloud top altitude and the cloud bottom altitude can be obtained.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the process of obtaining correction data includes:

[0060] In the atmospheric temperature profile, profile data corresponding to several height measured data are obtained in a one-to-one correspondence; the difference between the measured data and the profile data is obtained in a one-to-one correspondence and the average value is taken as the correction data.

[0061] In this embodiment, the atmospheric temperature at several preset altitudes above the area is collected as measured data by means of sounding balloons or the like, and the data on the atmospheric temperature profiles corresponding to the preset altitudes, i.e., profile data, are obtained and subtracted one by one. The average value of the differences is then used as correction data. The correction data includes positive and negative signs. The correction data is added to each profile data to obtain a predicted temperature profile to predict the atmospheric temperature at each altitude in the area.

[0062] In another embodiment of the present invention, the ground-based module obtains a plurality of ground-based atmospheric data corresponding to the airspace above, including:

[0063] The time at which the space-based module obtains the atmospheric data of the airspace below the ground-based module is preset in the ground-based module. The ground-based module continuously obtains several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above at a preset frequency within a predetermined time period before and after the time.

[0064] In another embodiment of the present invention, the image acquisition module acquires a plurality of feature images, including:

[0065] The image acquisition module and the ground-based module have the same start time, end time and preset frequency for acquiring data.

[0066] In another embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a preset frequency of a ground-based module includes:

[0067] Get the time t when the space-based module passes through the area corresponding to the ground-based module, and the preset frequency f=1 / t.

[0068] In this embodiment, the time at which the space-based module periodically arrives at the corresponding area of ​​the ground-based module is relatively fixed, but this time may vary due to various reasons. Therefore, in order to collect test data close to the time at which the space-based atmospheric data is collected, ground-based atmospheric data is acquired at a preset frequency before and after the preset time. The shorter the time the space-based module passes through the area, the higher the frequency of acquisition. The preset time for the next period is determined based on the time at which the space-based module collects atmospheric data during the current period.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature prediction system based on atmospheric physical structure measurement, characterized by: include: A space-based module, which periodically collects space-based atmospheric data of the airspace below according to a pre-set collection position table and records the collection time; There are several ground-based modules; each ground-based module acquires several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above it and records the acquisition time when the space-based module passes through the corresponding airspace above it; Image acquisition module: There are several image acquisition modules, which are arranged one by one on the ground-based module side. When each image acquisition module collects atmospheric data from the corresponding ground-based module, it obtains characteristic images of several upper airspaces and records the acquisition time; a processing module, which obtains ground-based atmospheric data with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; obtains cloud data by obtaining a characteristic image of the upper airspace with a closest acquisition time from the corresponding plurality of ground-based data according to the acquisition time of the space-based atmospheric data; processes the space-based atmospheric data and the ground-based atmospheric data according to the cloud data to obtain atmospheric analysis data; and obtains a corresponding atmospheric temperature profile based on the atmospheric analysis data; Prediction modules, there are several of the prediction modules, which are arranged one by one on the foundation module side, and are used to obtain measured data at several heights corresponding to the foundation module and compare them with the predicted data at the corresponding heights in the atmospheric temperature profile to obtain correction data; and obtain temperature data at several preset heights based on the correction data; The cloud layer data includes: Preprocess the feature image and then identify whether there are clouds. If not, stop. If yes, obtain cloud data including the cloud bottom height and cloud top height. Based on the cloud data, the ground-based atmospheric data and space-based atmospheric data are processed and analyzed to obtain the corresponding atmospheric temperature profile, including: When there is no cloud layer in the feature image, data below the standard altitude in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data, and data above the standard altitude in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as atmospheric analysis data; When there are clouds in the feature image, the data below the cloud bottom height in the ground-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data, and the data above the cloud top height in the space-based atmospheric data is obtained as the atmospheric analysis data; Obtain atmospheric temperature profiles, including: When there is no cloud layer in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data portion of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to a space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile; the atmospheric temperature profile is obtained by combining the two. When there are clouds in the characteristic image, the ground-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the ground-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, and the space-based atmospheric data part of the atmospheric analysis data is subjected to the space-based atmospheric profile analysis method to obtain the space-based atmospheric temperature profile; and based on the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, the cloud layer atmospheric temperature profile of the airspace between the cloud top altitude and the cloud bottom altitude is obtained.

2. The temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining corrected data includes: In the atmospheric temperature profile, profile data corresponding to several height measured data are obtained in a one-to-one correspondence; the difference between the measured data and the profile data is obtained in a one-to-one correspondence and the average value is taken as the correction data.

3. The temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standard height includes the maximum acquisition height at which the accuracy of data collected by the foundation module is within a preset range.

4. The temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground-based module obtains several ground-based atmospheric data corresponding to the airspace above, including: The time at which the space-based module obtains the atmospheric data of the airspace below the ground-based module is preset in the ground-based module. The ground-based module continuously obtains several sets of ground-based atmospheric data of the airspace above at a preset frequency within a predetermined time period before and after the time.

5. The temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The image acquisition module obtains several feature images, including: The image acquisition module and the ground-based module have the same start time, end time and preset frequency for acquiring data.

6. The temperature prediction system for measuring atmospheric physical structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Obtaining a preset frequency of the ground-based module includes: obtaining a time t when the space-based module passes through an area corresponding to the ground-based module, and a preset frequency f=1 / t.

Images