A multi-stage separation, collection and storage device and method for floating objects on the water surface

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-stage separation, collection and storage device and method for surface floating objects, including a collection ship and a storage tank connected to the collection ship. The collection ship is used for collecting surface floating objects on the sea surface and performing oil-water separation. The storage tank is used for temporarily storing the surface floating objects collected by the collection ship and separating the surface floating objects from water. The storage tank includes a main storage area, a secondary storage area and a communication area. The lower ends of the main storage area and the secondary storage area are connected through the communication area. A floating block and a limiting member are provided in the main storage area, and a gravity block connected to the floating block is provided in the communication area. The floating block can move up and down relative to the limiting member under the action of gravity and buoyancy. When the floating block reaches a preset height, the gravity block opens the communication area to allow the liquid in the main storage area to enter the secondary storage area. The upper part of the secondary storage area has a first liquid outlet, and an inlet and a second liquid outlet that can be opened and closed are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the main storage area. The present invention has the advantages of wide application range and no leakage in case of the overturning of the storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of floating object recovery devices on the water surface, and particularly to a multi-stage separation, collection, and storage device and method for floating objects on the water surface. Background Art

[0002] Since the reform and opening up, China has rapidly promoted the industrialization process. However, with the continuous development of industrialization, it has also brought severe environmental pollution problems. During the exploitation and transportation of crude oil, accidents are inevitable, resulting in crude oil leakage. Due to the special properties of crude oil, it is more difficult to clean up and recover compared to other sea surface pollutions.

[0003] Currently, the existing sea surface crude oil cleaning equipment can be generally divided into two categories: large-scale equipment and small and medium-sized equipment according to the size of volume power consumption. The former can only handle large-scale and large-area crude oil leakage accidents and is unable to handle small-area and small-scale crude oil leakage cleaning and daily sea surface environmental maintenance work. On the contrary, small-scale equipment is only suitable for daily sea surface environmental maintenance and small-scale sea surface crude oil leakage accidents. When facing large-scale crude oil leakage accidents, the cleaning efficiency of the device does not meet the requirements.

[0004] The existing collection methods used in sea surface crude oil cleaning devices generally include: pumping with a pump, adsorbing through oil-loving and water-repellent materials, and scooping with a ladle. The method of pumping with a pump has high power consumption and a large volume, and is only suitable for large-scale devices to complete large-scale sea surface cleaning work, and is not suitable for the daily sea surface maintenance work of small and medium-sized cleaning devices and the cleaning of small-area sea surface crude oil floating objects. In the sea environment where there is less oil and more water, when using a ladle to directly scoop up crude oil from the sea surface, more seawater will be scooped up instead of crude oil, and the actual crude oil recovery efficiency is very low. In addition, this collection method has no water-oil separation ability, which will further increase the subsequent separation cost. Although the method of adsorbing through oil-loving and water-repellent materials can achieve the purpose of water-oil separation and the separation quality is high, the adsorption capacity of the material is limited, the efficiency is not high, and the rate of recovering floating objects on the water surface is slow. And this kind of material with special properties generally has a high cost and is not suitable for large-scale use.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is necessary to develop a sea surface crude oil cleaning device that can be competent for large-scale crude oil leakage accidents and daily sea surface environmental maintenance or small-scale crude oil cleaning work with one device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-stage separation, collection, and storage device and method for floating objects on the water surface with a wide application range and no leakage when the storage tank overturns.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi - stage separation, collection and storage device for floating objects on the water surface, comprising a collection ship and a storage tank connected to the collection ship. The collection ship is used for collecting floating objects on the sea surface and separating the floating objects from water. The collection ship includes a hull and a switch module, a first - stage separation module and a second - stage separation module which are arranged in the hull and are connected in communication. When the switch module is opened, the liquid sequentially enters the first - stage separation module, the second - stage separation module and the storage tank. The storage tank is used for temporarily storing the floating objects collected by the collection ship and separating the floating objects from water. The storage tank includes a main storage area, a secondary storage area and a communication area. The lower ends of the main storage area and the secondary storage area are connected through the communication area. A floating block is arranged in the main storage area, and a gravity block connected to the floating block is arranged in the communication area. Under the action of buoyancy, the floating block drives the gravity block to move up and down to close or open the communication area so that the liquid in the main storage area enters the secondary storage area. The upper part of the secondary storage area has a first liquid outlet, and an inlet and a second liquid outlet which can be opened and closed are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the main storage area.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0010] A sensor for detecting the liquid property in the communication area is arranged in the communication area. When the sensor detects that the liquid property is a floating object on the water surface, the inlet is closed.

[0011] The multi - stage separation, collection and storage device for floating objects on the water surface further includes a connecting hose, and the collection ship and the storage tank are connected in communication through the connecting hose.

[0012] The collection ship includes a hull and a switch module, a first - stage separation module and a second - stage separation module which are arranged in the hull and are connected in communication. When the switch module is opened, the liquid sequentially enters the first - stage separation module, the second - stage separation module and the storage tank.

[0013] A limiting member is further arranged in the storage tank, and the limiting member is used for restricting the vertical movement of the floating block.

[0014] The switch module includes a door panel, a transmission device and a driving device, and the driving device drives the transmission device to open or close the door panel.

[0015] The first - stage separation module includes a rotary brush mechanism, a scraper member, and a conveying mechanism. The scraper member divides the first - stage separation module into two chambers. The rotary brush mechanism and the conveying mechanism are respectively arranged in the two chambers. When the liquid entering the first - stage separation module adheres to the rotary brush mechanism, the scraper member separates the liquid from the rotary brush mechanism onto the conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism conveys the liquid into the second - stage separation module. The rotary brush mechanism includes a plurality of rotary brushes sequentially away from the switch module. The installation height of the rotary brush near the switch module is lower than that of the rotary brush away from the switch module. A plurality of oil - loving and water - repellent bristles are spaced on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary brush, and the bristles of adjacent rotary brushes are in contact with each other. The bristles of the rotary brush near the scraper member are in contact with the scraper member.

[0016] The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a plurality of containers arranged on the conveyor belt. After the scraper member separates the liquid from the rotary brush mechanism onto the containers, it is conveyed into the second - stage separation module through the conveyor belt.

[0017] The included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of adjacent rotary brushes in the vertical plane in the rotary brush mechanism and the horizontal line is α, and the included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of the conveyor belt in the vertical plane and the horizontal line is β, satisfying α < β.

[0018] The second - stage separation module includes a main chamber, a first storage chamber, and a second storage chamber. An inlet is provided at the top of the main chamber. The lower end of the main chamber is communicated with the lower end of the second storage chamber, and the upper end of the main chamber is communicated with the first storage chamber. An outlet communicating with the storage tank is provided at the bottom of the first storage chamber. An oil outlet is provided at the upper end of one side of the main chamber, and the main chamber is communicated with the first storage chamber through the oil outlet. A water outlet is provided at the upper end of the second storage chamber. The heights of the oil outlet and the water outlet relative to the bottom surface of the second - stage separation module are h1 and h2, satisfying h1 > h2.

[0019] The first storage chamber includes a partition plate. The partition plate divides the first storage chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The partition plate is inclined relative to the horizontal line. The oil pump is located in the lower chamber and below the lowest point of the partition plate.

[0020] As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a separation method for a multi - stage separation, collection, and storage device for water - surface floating objects, including the following steps:

[0021] S1. Turn on the switch module of the collection ship, and the liquid containing water - surface floating objects and water enters the first - stage separation module.

[0022] S2. The first - stage separation module preliminarily collects the liquid containing water - surface floating objects and water and transports it to the second - stage separation module.

[0023] S3. The second - stage separation module preliminarily separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid, and conveys the separated liquid into the storage tank.

[0024] S4. The storage tank stores and further separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid. When the storage tank is full, the storage tank is separated from the collection ship, and the collection ship is connected to another non - full storage tank to continue the separation until all separation work is completed, and then the switch module is turned off.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] In the present invention, three separation modules are provided, twice in the collection ship (the first - stage separation module and the second - stage separation module) and once in the storage tank, which solves the problem that it is difficult to achieve water - oil separation for small - sized devices due to various factors such as volume, weight, and energy.

[0027] For the multi - stage separation, collection and storage device and method of floating objects on the water surface of the present invention, when the storage tank is an empty tank and has not started working, there is no liquid in the storage tank. Due to the gravity block, the floating block will fall to the bottom of the main storage area of the storage tank, closing the communication area between the secondary storage area and the main storage area and turning off the drainage function of the storage tank. When the storage tank starts working, the liquid level in the tank slowly rises. When the liquid level reaches and exceeds the height of the floating block, due to buoyancy, the floating block will rise together with the liquid level. At this time, the gravity block in the communication area of the storage tank is opened, and the drainage function is available. And since the floating objects on the water surface are above the liquid, they will not be discharged from the communication area. When the liquid level reaches the height of the first liquid outlet, if the liquid in the tank continues to increase, then the storage tank starts the drainage work, discharging the excess liquid out of the tank through the first liquid outlet, so that the liquid level in the device remains at the height of the first liquid outlet. After entering the drainage working state, the height of the floating object layer on the water surface in the main storage area of the storage tank will gradually increase from top to bottom. A sensor in the communication area of the storage tank detects the properties of the liquid (such as density). When the sensor detects floating objects, the storage tank is in a full - load state and cannot continue to store and separate floating objects, and it is necessary to return for oil unloading work. At the same time, when the device capsizes due to unexpected situations, the floating block will quickly return to the bottom of the device under the action of buoyancy to close the communication area (at this time, the device capsizes and the bottom of the storage tank is on top), ensuring that the floating objects in the storage tank will not leak again when the storage tank encounters unexpected situations. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi - stage separation, collection and storage device of floating objects on the water surface of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 is a cross - sectional view of the storage tank of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the fully open state of the communication area of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partially open state of the communication area of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the communication area of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow when the communication area of the present invention is open (the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the liquid flow direction).

[0034] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the collection ship of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the door panel of the switch module is opened and closed.

[0036] Figure 9 It is a top view schematic diagram of the door panel of the switch module when it is opened and closed.

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first-stage separation module.

[0038] Figure 11 It is a cross-sectional view of the first-stage separation module (the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the liquid flow direction).

[0039] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second-stage separation module.

[0040] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional view of the second-stage separation module.

[0041] Figure 14 It is a cross-sectional view of the second-stage separation module (from another perspective).

[0042] Each label in the figure represents:

[0043] 1. Collection ship; 11. Hull; 12. Switch module; 121. Door panel; 122. Transmission device; 13. First-stage separation module; 131. Rotating brush mechanism; 1311. Rotating brush; 132. Scraper member; 133. Conveyor mechanism; 1331. Conveyor belt; 1332. Container; 14. Second-stage separation module; 141. Main chamber; 1411. Inlet; 1412. Oil outlet; 1413. Tilted stop block; 142. First storage chamber; 1421. Partition board; 1422. Upper chamber; 1423. Lower chamber; 14231. Oil pump; 143. Second storage chamber; 1431. Water outlet; 2. Storage tank; 21. Main storage area; 211. Floating block; 212. Limiting member; 213. Second liquid outlet; 214. Liquid inlet; 22. Sub-storage area; 221. First liquid outlet; 23. Connecting area; 232. Gravity block; 231. Sensor; 24. Control area; 3. Connecting hose. Detailed implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials used in the present invention are commercially available.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, the multi-stage separation, collection and storage device and method for floating objects on the water surface of this embodiment include a collection ship 1 and a storage tank 2 connected to the collection ship 1. The collection ship 1 is used to collect floating objects on the sea surface and separate oil and water. The storage tank 2 is used to temporarily store the floating objects collected by the collection ship 1 and separate the floating objects from water. The storage tank 2 includes a main storage area 21, a sub-storage area 22 and a connecting area 23. The lower ends of the main storage area 21 and the sub-storage area 22 are connected through the connecting area 23. A floating block 211 and a limiting member 212 are provided in the main storage area 21. A gravity block 232 connected to the floating block 211 is provided in the connecting area 23. The floating block 211 can move up and down relative to the limiting member 212 under the action of gravity and buoyancy. When the floating block 211 rises to a preset height, the gravity block 232 opens the connecting area 23 to allow the liquid in the main storage area 21 to enter the sub-storage area 22. The upper part of the sub-storage area 22 has a first liquid outlet 221 communicating with the outside. An openable and closable liquid inlet 214 and a second liquid outlet 213 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the main storage area 21. The floating objects on the water surface enter through the liquid inlet 214 above the main storage area 21, the seawater enters the sub-storage area 22 through the connecting area 23 below the main storage area 21, and then is discharged from the first liquid outlet 221 above the sub-storage area 22, while the floating objects on the water surface are left inside the main storage area 21 to achieve the storage of the floating objects on the water surface.

[0047] The floating objects on the water surface referred to in the present invention are small floating objects such as waterweeds and duckweeds or crude oil floating on the seawater.

[0048] In this embodiment, the main storage area 21 is in a cylindrical shape, and the secondary storage area 22 surrounds the main storage area 21 in an annular shape on the periphery.

[0049] The collection ship 1 of this embodiment is mainly responsible for the collection of floating objects on the water surface; the storage tank 2 is mainly responsible for the storage of floating objects on the water surface. The collection ship 1 recovers the floating objects on the sea surface and pumps them to the storage tank 2 for storage.

[0050] Existing small-scale sea surface cleaning equipment generally does not have the ability to temporarily store immiscible liquids (such as oil). Even if it has the ability to temporarily store, the storage device is set as a part of the small-scale cleaning equipment inside the cleaning equipment, and the gravity difference between when the storage device is full and empty has a great impact on the small-scale equipment. On the other hand, after the small-scale sea surface cleaning equipment is full, it needs to go back to unload the crude oil, and it cannot continuously collect, resulting in low collection efficiency. The switch module 12, the first-stage separation module 13, and the second-stage separation module 14 of the collection ship 1 of the present invention all adopt modular design, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement and saves maintenance costs. As Figure 1 shown, the collection ship 1 and the storage tank 2 are in a split structure and are connected through a connecting hose 3. In this embodiment, the connecting hose 3 is connected with a flexible material, and the gravity change of the storage tank 2 during operation will not affect the collection ship 1, ensuring that the draft line of the collection ship 1 fluctuates within the allowable range of design, guaranteeing the normal operation of the device, and solving the problem that the excessive change rate of gravity during the operation of medium and small-sized devices will cause the equipment to malfunction.

[0051] As Figure 2 、 6 shown, a sensor 231 for detecting the liquid property of the communication area 23 is provided in the communication area 23. When the sensor 231 detects that the liquid property is floating objects on the water surface, the liquid inlet 214 is closed. A placement groove for placing the sensor 231 when closing the communication area 23 is provided at the lower end of the gravity block 232. In this embodiment, the sensor 231 is placed in the communication area 23. In other embodiments, the sensor can also be placed at the bottom of the secondary storage area 22 or the bottom of the main storage area 21 to achieve the same or similar technical effects.

[0052] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, the settings of the floating block 211 and the gravity block 232 solve the problem that floating objects on the water surface will leak when the empty tank starts to work, and the problem that floating objects on the water surface will not leak in case of an accident. In this embodiment, the floating block 211 is composed of a foaming material (such as rubber), and the gravity block 232 is composed of a high-density material (such as metal). The foaming material provides sufficient buoyancy for the floating block 211 to ensure that the floating block 211 can float on the water surface. The function of the high-density material is to provide a certain gravity for the floating block 211 so that the floating block 211 can stably fall to the bottom when the storage tank 2 is empty.

[0053] When the storage tank 2 is an empty tank and has not started working, there is no liquid in the storage tank 2. Due to the gravity block 232, the floating block 211 will fall to the bottom of the main storage area 21 of the storage tank 2, and the gravity block 232 will close the communication area 23 between the secondary storage area 22 and the main storage area 21, turning off the drainage function of the storage tank 2. When the storage tank 2 starts working, the liquid level in the tank slowly rises. When the liquid level reaches and exceeds the height of the floating block 211, due to buoyancy, the entire floating block 211 will rise along with the liquid level height. At this time, the gravity block 232 in the communication area 23 of the storage tank 2 is opened, and the drainage function is available. And because the density of the floating objects on the water surface is less than that of seawater, the floating objects on the water surface will be above the liquid and will not be discharged from the communication area 23. When the liquid level height reaches the height of the first liquid outlet 221, if the liquid in the tank continues to increase at this time, then the storage tank 2 will start the drainage work, discharging the excess liquid through the first liquid outlet 221 outside the tank, so that the liquid level height in the device remains at the height of the first liquid outlet 221. After entering the drainage working state, the height of the floating object layer on the water surface in the main storage area 21 of the storage tank 2 will slowly increase from top to bottom. The sensor 231 in the communication area 23 of the storage tank 2 detects the properties of the liquid, such as density. When the sensor 231 detects the floating objects on the water surface, at this time the storage tank 2 is in a full-load state and cannot continue to store and separate the floating objects on the water surface, and it is necessary to return to port for oil unloading work.

[0054] Meanwhile, when the device capsizes due to a sudden situation, the floating block 211 will quickly return to the bottom of the device under the action of buoyancy to close the communication area 23 (at this time the device capsizes and the bottom of the storage tank 2 is on the top), ensuring that the floating objects on the water surface in the storage tank 2 will not leak again when the storage tank 2 encounters a sudden situation.

[0055] The storage tank 2 is detachably connected to the collection ship 1 and is of a separable design, enabling the collection ship 1 to also have the ability to temporarily store oil. Different from other storage tanks 2 that only have a storage function, the storage tank 2 of the present invention does not require an external power supply and physically realizes the automatic separation function through the principle of communicating vessels and the floating block 211, and can automatically separate the liquid with a larger density from the collected mixture.

[0056] As Figure 2 shown, the maximum widths of the upper and lower parts of the storage tank 2 are D and d respectively, satisfying D > d. The storage tank 2 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and is generally designed as an inverted frustum of a cone. The height H of the storage tank 2 is less than d, and the overall shape is relatively flat. D:H is about 3:1, and D:d is about 5:3. This can maximize the draft area of the storage tank 2 and greatly improve the stability of the storage tank 2 on the sea surface and its ability to resist wind and waves.

[0057] The storage tank 2 further includes a control area 24. A drain valve is provided at the second liquid outlet 213, and a control console for controlling the opening and closing of the drain valve is provided in the control area 24.

[0058] AsFigure 7 As shown, the collection ship 1 includes a hull 11 and a switch module 12, a first-stage separation module 13, and a second-stage separation module 14 that are arranged inside the hull 11 and are interconnected. When the switch module 12 is opened, the liquid sequentially enters the first-stage separation module 13, the second-stage separation module 14, and the storage tank 2.

[0059] As Figure 8 、 9 shown, Figure 8 Figures (a) and (b) are respectively schematic structural diagrams when the switch module 12 is opened and closed, Figure 9 Figures (a) and (b) are respectively top views when the switch module 12 is opened and closed. The switch module 12 includes a door panel 121, a transmission device 122, and a driving device (not shown in the figure). The driving device drives the transmission device 122 to open or close the door panel 121. In this embodiment, the switch module 12 is installed at the front end of the hull 11. The transmission device 122 is a lead screw 1221 and a chute plate 1222. The two door panels 121 are located on the left and right sides of the hull 11. The lead screw 1221 is arranged in the middle of the chute plate 1222. The chute plate 1222 is provided with a chute. The door panel 121 is V-shaped and includes an outer plate and an inner plate. A slider is provided at the top of the inner plate on the inner side of the hull 11. The slider is slidable relative to the chute. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the hull 11 for fixing the sliding track of the slider. The lead screw 1221 drives the chute plate 1222 to move back and forth through forward and reverse rotation, driving the slider to move, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the left and right door panels 121. When the door panel 121 is opened, the device is in the working state of collecting and cleaning floating objects on the water surface. At this time, the door panel 121 acts as a baffle, which can expand the cleaning area of the device and improve the cleaning efficiency of the device. When the door panel 121 is closed, the device is in a non-working state. The outer plate of the door panel 121 coincides with the external shape of the hull 11. The function of the door panel 121 is to reduce the resistance of the device during navigation and prevent seawater from pouring into the device due to too fast a navigation speed.

[0060] As Figure 10 、 11 shown, in this embodiment, the first-stage separation module 13 includes a brush roller mechanism 131, a scraper member 132, and a conveying mechanism 133. The scraper member 132 divides the first-stage separation module 13 into two chambers. The brush roller mechanism 131 and the conveying mechanism 133 are respectively arranged in the two chambers. When the liquid entering the first-stage separation module 13 adheres to the brush roller mechanism 131, the scraper member 132 separates the liquid from the brush roller mechanism 131 onto the conveying mechanism 133, and the conveying mechanism 133 conveys the liquid into the second-stage separation module 14.

[0061] The brush roller mechanism 131 includes a plurality of brush rollers 1311 arranged in sequence away from the switch module 12. The installation height of the brush roller 1311 on the side close to the switch module 12 is lower than that of the brush roller 1311 on the side away from the switch module 12. A plurality of oil-loving and water-repellent bristles are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the brush roller 1311. The bristles of adjacent brush rollers 1311 are in contact with each other, and the bristles of the brush roller 1311 on the side close to the scraper member 132 are in contact with the scraper member 132.

[0062] The first-stage separation module 13 of the collection ship 1 adopts a collection method using a plurality of brush rollers 1311. Different from the common single collection method, on the one hand, this collection method transfers the floating objects on the water surface in sequence on a plurality of brush rollers 1311, and separates the floating objects on the water surface from the water with a greater possibility. This collection method has a better water-oil separation effect and makes the collection efficiency of the floating objects on the water surface higher. On the other hand, it can prevent the floating garbage on the sea surface from entering the equipment through the mutual interference of a plurality of brush rollers 1311, ensure that the equipment does not contain impurities during collection, and reduce the burden on the subsequent second-stage separation module 14 for separation. The device can adjust the number of brush rollers 1311 and the height of the conveying mechanism 133 according to the requirements of the equipment, and can be adapted to most sea surface cleaning equipment. The brush roller mechanism 131 and the conveying mechanism 133 are driven by a driving motor, which is not shown in the figure.

[0063] In the present invention, the first-stage separation module 13 utilizes the characteristics that the floating objects on the sea surface have high viscosity and extremely poor fluidity at normal temperature, and adopts a collection method of rotating the oil-loving and water-repellent brush rollers 1311 to adsorb the floating objects on the water surface. By using the huge viscosity difference between the floating objects on the water surface and seawater, the water and oil are separated for the first time when collecting the floating objects on the sea surface.

[0064] In this embodiment, the brush roller mechanism 131 is provided with three-stage brush rollers 1311. The first-stage brush roller 1311 is arranged at the front end of the hull 11 and behind the switch module 12, and can be directly in contact with the polluted water surface. Through the rotation of the brush roller 1311, the floating objects on the water surface are brought in from above the first-stage brush roller 1311. The second-stage brush roller 1311 is arranged behind the first-stage brush roller 1311, and the bristles have a certain interference with the bristles of the first-stage brush roller 1311. Through the interference, the floating objects collected by the first-stage brush roller 1311 are transferred to the second-stage brush roller 1311. The third-stage brush roller 1311 is arranged behind the second-stage brush roller 1311, and the scraper member 132 is arranged behind the third-stage brush roller 1311 and has a certain interference with the bristles of the third-stage brush roller 1311, scraping off the floating objects on the bristles of the third-stage brush roller 1311, transferring them backward and onto the conveying mechanism 133, and the conveying mechanism 133 raises the floating objects to the second-stage separation module 14. In other embodiments, different numbers of brush rollers 1311 can be set according to requirements.

[0065] The conveying mechanism 133 includes a conveyor belt 1331 and a plurality of containers 1332 arranged on the conveyor belt 1331. After the scraper member 132 separates the liquid from the roller brush mechanism 131 onto the container 1332, it is conveyed to the second-stage separation module 14 through the conveyor belt 1331.

[0066] The included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of adjacent roller brushes 1311 in the vertical plane within the roller brush mechanism 131 and the horizontal line is α, and the included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of the conveyor belt 1331 in the vertical plane and the horizontal line is β, satisfying α < β. Since the water-oil separation method of this device is to separate through the density difference of floating objects on the water surface using the principle of communicating vessels, it is necessary to raise the floating objects collected on the water surface to a certain distance above sea level. However, it is difficult to integrate the two functions into one part (if the inclination angle of the roller brush is increased, the water-oil separation efficiency will be reduced). Therefore, the first-stage separation module of the collection ship 1 is divided into two parts. The function of the front roller brush part (i.e., the roller brush mechanism 131) is to collect the floating objects on the water surface, and the function of the rear conveying mechanism 133 is to raise the floating objects collected to a certain height to ensure the needs of the subsequent separation device. Since the functions required by the two parts are different, the inclination angles are different, and the inclination angle of the conveyor belt 1331 responsible for raising to a certain height is larger.

[0067] In this embodiment, the scraper member 132 extends upward from the bottom of the first-stage separation module 13 to a height above the water surface. The scraper member 132 separates the floating objects on the water surface from the roller brush mechanism 131. In other embodiments, the floating objects on the water surface can be separated from the roller brush mechanism 131 by setting the interference between the container 1332 on the conveying mechanism 133 and the bristles on the roller brush 1311.

[0068] The inlet 1411 of the second-stage separation module 14 is higher than the water surface.

[0069] As Figures 12 to 14As shown in the figure, the second - stage separation module 14 includes a main chamber 141, a first storage chamber 142, and a second storage chamber 143. An inlet 1411 is provided at the top of the main chamber 141. The lower end of the main chamber 141 is connected to the lower end of the second storage chamber 143, and the upper end of the main chamber 141 is connected to the first storage chamber 142. An outlet communicating with the storage tank 2 is provided at the bottom of the first storage chamber 142. An oil outlet 1412 is provided at the upper end of one side of the main chamber 141, and the main chamber 141 is connected to the first storage chamber 142 through the oil outlet 1412. A water outlet 1431 is provided at the upper end of the second storage chamber 143. The heights of the oil outlet 1412 and the water outlet 1431 relative to the bottom surface of the second - stage separation module 14 are h1 and h2, satisfying h1 > h2. In the present invention, the second - stage separation module 14 separates water and oil based on the principle of communicating vessels. The water - oil mixture enters the main chamber 141 from the front - end inlet 1411 of the second - stage separation module 14. Due to density, the floating objects on the water surface will float above and cannot enter the second storage chamber 143 from the bottom, while the seawater will enter the second storage chamber 143 through the communicating part below the main chamber 141. When the water level in the main chamber 141 reaches the height of the upper oil outlet 1412, the separation of oil and water is achieved. Since the floating objects on the water surface are above the main chamber 141, according to the principle of communicating vessels, the highest water level in the main chamber 141 will be slightly higher than that in the second storage chamber 143. Based on this, setting the height of the oil outlet 1412 slightly higher than the height of the water outlet 1431 (about 5 mm higher) can improve the separation efficiency of the device.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first storage chamber 142 is an oil - storage chamber, and the second storage chamber 143 is a water - storage chamber.

[0071] In this embodiment, the second storage chamber 143 is located on two sides of the main chamber 141, and the first storage chamber 142 is located on the other two sides of the main chamber 141. The first storage chamber 142 and the second storage chamber 143 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the main chamber 141.

[0072] An inclined baffle 1413 is provided below the inlet 1411 in the main chamber 141. The volume of the upper space of the main chamber 141 is smaller than that of the lower space. In this embodiment, the inclined baffle 1413 extends downward from the top of the main chamber 141, making the volume of the upper space of the main chamber 141 smaller than that of the lower space. Providing the inclined baffle 1413 below the inlet 1411 can, on the one hand, slow down the impact of the liquid and reduce the influence on the liquid inside the second - stage separation module 14, and on the other hand, this inclined baffle 1413 can reduce the surface area of the liquid above the main chamber 141, increasing the depth of the oil layer and improving the separation efficiency.

[0073] The first storage chamber 142 includes an oil pump 14231, and the oil pump 14231 sends the liquid in the first storage chamber 142 into the storage tank 2.

[0074] The first storage chamber 142 includes a partition plate 1421 which divides the first storage chamber 142 into an upper chamber 1422 and a lower chamber 1423. The partition plate 1421 is inclined relative to the horizontal line. The oil pump 14231 is located in the lower chamber 1423 and below the lowest point of the partition plate 1421. In this embodiment, the upper chamber 1422 serves as a buffer zone and is arranged at the front end of the oil suction port of the oil pump 14231. Its function is to temporarily store the floating objects on the water surface intermittently discharged from the oil outlet 1412, ensuring that the oil suction port of the oil pump 14231 is completely immersed in the liquid, thus improving the efficiency and service life of the pump.

[0075] In the present invention, a three-stage separation module is provided, twice in the collection ship 1 (the first-stage separation module 13 and the second-stage separation module 14), and once in the storage tank 2, solving the problem that it is difficult to achieve water-oil separation in small devices due to various factors such as volume, weight, and energy. The present invention utilizes the principle of communicating vessels for separation multiple times. Compared with the prior art, this method requires less energy, can work for a long time, and is more suitable for the use of medium and small-sized equipment.

[0076] A separation method for a multi-stage separation, collection and storage device of floating objects on the water surface includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Turn on the switch module 12 of the collection ship 1, and the liquid containing floating objects on the water surface and water enters the first-stage separation module 13.

[0078] S2. The first-stage separation module 13 preliminarily collects the liquid containing floating objects on the water surface and water and transports it to the second-stage separation module 14.

[0079] S3. The second-stage separation module 14 preliminarily separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid and transports the separated liquid into the storage tank 2.

[0080] S4. The storage tank 2 stores and further separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid. When the storage tank 2 is full, separate the storage tank 2 from the collection ship 1 and connect the collection ship 1 to another unfilled storage tank 2 to continue the separation until all separation work is completed, and then turn off the switch module 12.

[0081] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above-disclosed technical content, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi - stage separation, collection and storage device for floating objects on the water surface, comprising a collection ship (1) and a storage tank (2) connected to the collection ship (1). The collection ship (1) is used for collecting floating objects on the sea surface and performing preliminary separation, and the storage tank (2) is used for temporarily storing the floating objects collected by the collection ship (1) and separating the floating objects from water. It is characterized in that: The collection ship (1) includes a hull (11) and a switch module (12), a first - stage separation module (13) and a second - stage separation module (14) which are arranged inside the hull (11) and are connected in communication. When the switch module (12) is opened, the liquid sequentially enters the first - stage separation module (13), the second - stage separation module (14), and the storage tank (2); The storage tank (2) includes a main storage area (21), a secondary storage area (22) and a communication area (23). The lower ends of the main storage area (21) and the secondary storage area (22) are connected through the communication area (23). A floating block (211) is arranged in the main storage area (21), and a gravity block (232) connected to the floating block (211) is arranged in the communication area (23). The floating block (211) drives the gravity block (232) to move up and down under the action of buoyancy to close or open the communication area (23) so that the liquid in the main storage area (21) enters the secondary storage area (22). The upper part of the secondary storage area (22) has a first liquid outlet (221), and the top and bottom of the main storage area (21) are respectively provided with an inlet (214) and a second liquid outlet (213) that can be opened and closed; The second - stage separation module (14) includes a main chamber (141), a first storage chamber (142) and a second storage chamber (143). An inlet (1411) is provided at the top of the main chamber (141). The lower end of the main chamber (141) is connected to the lower end of the second storage chamber (143), and the upper end of the main chamber (141) is connected to the first storage chamber (142). An outlet connected to the storage tank (2) is provided at the bottom of the first storage chamber (142); An oil outlet (1412) is provided at the upper end of one side of the main chamber (141). The main chamber (141) is connected to the first storage chamber (142) through the oil outlet (1412). A water outlet (1431) is provided at the upper end of the second storage chamber (143). The heights of the oil outlet (1412) and the water outlet (1431) relative to the bottom surface of the second - stage separation module (14) are h1 and h2, respectively, and h1 > h2.

2. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sensor (231) for detecting the liquid property of the communication area (23) is arranged in the communication area (23). When the sensor (231) detects that the liquid property is floating objects on the water surface, the inlet (214) is closed.

3. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a connecting hose (3), and the collection ship (1) and the storage tank (2) are connected through the connecting hose (3).

4. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a limiting member (212), and the limiting member (212) is used to limit the vertical movement of the floating block (211).

5. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The switch module (12) includes a door panel (121), a transmission device (122) and a driving device, and the driving device drives the transmission device (122) to open or close the door panel (121).

6. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first-stage separation module (13) includes a rotary brush mechanism (131), a scraping member (132), and a conveying mechanism (133). The scraping member (132) divides the first-stage separation module (13) into two chambers. The rotary brush mechanism (131) and the conveying mechanism (133) are respectively arranged in the two chambers. When the liquid entering the first-stage separation module (13) adheres to the rotary brush mechanism (131), the scraping member (132) separates the liquid from the rotary brush mechanism (131) onto the conveying mechanism (133), and the conveying mechanism (133) conveys the liquid inward; The rotary brush mechanism (131) includes a plurality of rotary brushes (1311) sequentially away from the switch module (12). The installation height of the rotary brush (1311) on the side close to the switch module (12) is lower than the installation height of the rotary brush (1311) on the side away from the switch module (12). A plurality of oil-loving and water-repellent bristles are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the rotary brush (1311). The bristles of adjacent rotary brushes (1311) are in contact with each other, and the bristles of the rotary brush (1311) on the side close to the scraping member (132) are in contact with the scraping member (132).

7. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (133) includes a conveyor belt (1331) and a plurality of containers (1332) arranged on the conveyor belt (1331). After the scraping member (132) separates the liquid from the rotary brush mechanism (131) onto the container (1332), it is conveyed into the second-stage separation module (14) through the conveyor belt (1331).

8. The multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of adjacent rotary brushes (1311) in the rotary brush mechanism (131) on the vertical plane and the horizontal line is α, and the included angle between the connection line of the projection points of the central axes of the conveyor belt (1331) on the vertical plane and the horizontal line is β, satisfying α < β.

9. A separation method for a multi-stage separation, collection and storage device for water surface floating objects according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Open the switch module (12) of the collection ship (1), and the liquid containing floating objects on the water surface and water enters the first-stage separation module (13); S2. The first-stage separation module (13) preliminarily collects the liquid containing floating objects on the water surface and water and transports it to the second-stage separation module (14); S3. The second-stage separation module (14) preliminarily separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid, and conveys the separated liquid into the storage tank (2); S4. The storage tank (2) stores and further separates the floating objects on the water surface and water in the liquid. When the storage tank (2) is full, the storage tank (2) is separated from the collection ship (1), and the collection ship (1) is connected to another unfilled storage tank (2) to continue the separation until all separation work is completed.

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