A fully automatic green asparagus grading machine and grading method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine and a grading method thereof. At present, most of the green asparagus in my country is cut and graded manually, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. The present invention discloses a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine, comprising a bamboo shoot sorting device, a transmission system, a root cutting device and a grading device; the bamboo shoot sorting device comprises a side plate, an inclined plate, a cam plate and a bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism; the root cutting device comprises an I-shaped frame, a cutter and a slider; the grading device comprises a grading box and a grading roller; the transmission system comprises a motor, an incomplete gear pair and a bamboo shoot feeding belt power shaft. The present invention realizes intermittent transmission of the bamboo shoot feeding belt through the incomplete gear pair of the transmission system, and then cooperates with the root cutting device to ensure that the bamboo shoot feeding belt is in a stationary state when the cutter of the root cutting device cuts the roots of the green asparagus, thereby ensuring reliable root cutting; the present invention replaces manual labor to grade the green asparagus through the grading device, thereby reducing manual workload, liberating labor and improving grading efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of green asparagus production, relates to primary processing and grading of green asparagus, and particularly relates to a full-automatic green asparagus grading machine and a grading method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is currently the world's largest producer of green asparagus, accounting for 90% of the global harvested area. Domestically, green asparagus is mostly harvested manually with handheld pickers, with the harvested length ranging from approximately 25 to 28 cm, and a required diameter of 0.8 to 1.8 cm. After harvesting, the edible upper stems of fresh asparagus require manual removal of approximately 30 mm of old roots. The asparagus are then graded and basketed based on their root diameter. Due to the low level of mechanization in my country's green asparagus industry, this manual work is labor-intensive, inefficient, and reduces asparagus yields. Therefore, developing a fully automatic asparagus grading machine is crucial for improving the market competitiveness of green asparagus products, reducing production costs, and increasing profitability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of manual cutting of green asparagus roots and low grading efficiency, provide a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine and a grading method thereof, liberate labor and bring certain economic benefits.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention discloses a full-automatic green asparagus grading machine, which comprises a shoot sorting device, a transmission system, a root cutting device and a grading device.

[0006] The transmission system includes a motor, an incomplete gear pair, a bamboo shoot delivery belt power shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism I, a bevel gear pair, a cylindrical gear pair II, a steering shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV, a grading roller shaft, an alignment conveying roller shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism III, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism II, a camshaft, a brush roller shaft, a crankshaft, a chain transmission mechanism and a cylindrical gear pair I. The two power shafts of the bamboo shoot delivery belt are set at a distance; the incomplete gear pair includes an active incomplete gear and a driven cylindrical gear; the active incomplete gear and the convex arc plate are both fixed on the main shaft, and the main shaft is driven by a motor; the driven cylindrical gear and the concave arc plate are both fixed on one of the power shafts of the bamboo shoot delivery belt, and the convex arc plate and the concave arc plate are separated when the active incomplete gear and the driven cylindrical gear are engaged, and the convex arc plate and the concave arc plate are frictionally transmitted when the active incomplete gear and the driven cylindrical gear are separated; the main shaft is connected to the crank shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, and is connected to the transmission shaft one through cylindrical gear pair I; the transmission shaft one is connected to the brush roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism I to achieve speed increase; the brush roller shaft is connected to the camshaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism II; the camshaft is connected to the transmission shaft two through cylindrical gear pair II, and the transmission shaft two is connected to the steering shaft through a bevel gear pair; the steering shaft is connected to the grading roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV, and is connected to the alignment conveying roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism III.

[0007] The bamboo shoot sorting device includes a frame 1, a frame 2, a side plate, an adjusting rod, an inclined plate, a cam, a cam plate, a brush roller, a bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism and a support plate. The frame 1 and the frame 2 are spaced apart, and the tops of the frame 1 and the frame 2 are fixed with side plates; the support plate is fixed on the inner side of the frame 1; the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is placed between the support plate and the frame 2, and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is flush with the support plate; the two ends of the cam shaft of the transmission system and the two side plates respectively constitute a rotation pair; the bamboo shoot delivery belt power shaft, the transmission shaft 1 and the brush roller shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotation pair with the frame 1 and the frame 2, the main shaft, the crank shaft, the grading roller shaft and the alignment conveying roller shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotation pair with the frame 1, and the transmission shaft 2 and the steering shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotation pair with the frame 2; the two pulleys of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism are respectively fixed to the two bamboo shoot delivery belt power shafts of the transmission system, The cam plate is fixed on the camshaft of the transmission system, and the bottom of the cam plate is hinged to the frame one and the frame two, and the top is supported on the cam; the inclined plate and the cam plate are arranged opposite each other; the brush roller is located above the bamboo shoot feeding belt of the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism, is arranged along the width direction of the bamboo shoot feeding belt, and is fixed on the brush roller shaft of the transmission system; the brush roller is arranged closer to the output end of the bamboo shoot feeding belt than the inclined plate and the cam plate.

[0008] The root cutting device includes a pressing block, an I-shaped frame, a cutter, a slider, a vertical slide rail, a hinge seat, a connecting rod, a crank, and an alignment conveyor roller. The pressing block is fixed to the I-shaped frame; the I-shaped frame is fixed to the slide rail; the cutter is fixed below the slide rail and located above the support plate; the cutter and the brush roller of the bamboo shoot sorting device are arranged near the output end of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; the vertical slide rail is fixed to the inner side of the frame and forms a sliding pair with the slider; the hinge seat is fixed to the slider; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the other end is hinged to the hinge seat; the crank is fixed to the crank shaft of the transmission system; the alignment conveyor roller is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the width of the bamboo shoot feeding belt, and is placed between the cutter and the brush roller of the bamboo shoot sorting device, and is fixed to the alignment conveyor roller shaft of the transmission system.

[0009] The grading device includes a grading box and a grading drum. The grading drum is fixed to the grading drum shaft of the transmission system and is located closer to the output end of the bamboo shoot delivery belt than the cutter of the root cutting device. A bamboo shoot slit is formed on one side wall of the frame between the grading drum and the bamboo shoot delivery belt, with the width increasing along the conveying direction of the bamboo shoot delivery belt. A guide groove fixed to the side of the grading box cooperates with a linear slide fixed to the outside of the frame and located below the bamboo shoot slit.

[0010] Preferably, the width of the cam plate and the inclined plate is 290 mm, the width of the bamboo shoots feeding belt of the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism is 245 mm, and the width of the support plate is 45 mm.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of partitions uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are fixed on the bamboo shoot delivery belt, the length of the partition is equal to the width of the bamboo shoot delivery belt, the spacing between two adjacent partitions is 40 mm, and the height of the partition is 4 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the cutter is 120 mm, and the conveying distance of the intermittent motion of the bamboo shoot feeding belt in one cycle is 120 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing block, alignment conveying roller and grading roller are all made of sponge and are chamfered at both ends; the distance between the bottom of the pressing block and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5 mm, the distance between the bottom of the alignment conveying roller and the grading roller and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5 mm, and the distance between the brush roller and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is 5 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the support plate is provided with a cutting opening and a waste opening at a position below the cutter, and the cutting opening is 30 mm away from an inner side wall of the frame.

[0015] More preferably, a waste box is provided directly below the waste opening of the support plate.

[0016] Preferably, the grading box is provided with three compartments, which are respectively used to collect green asparagus with the diameters of the bottom end surface after root cutting being d<10mm, 10mm≤d≤15mm and d>15mm.

[0017] The grading method of the fully automatic green asparagus grading machine is as follows:

[0018] Green asparagus are manually placed horizontally with their roots facing the frame into the asparagus storage area surrounded by a cam plate, an inclined plate and two side plates; when a large amount of green asparagus is placed, the inclination angle of the inclined plate can be increased by lowering the height of the adjusting rod; the rotation of the cam drives the cam plate to vibrate, assisting the green asparagus to fall onto the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism, allowing multiple green asparagus to fall between two adjacent partitions on the asparagus feeding belt; the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism transports the green asparagus to the brush roller, which sweeps the stacked green asparagus backwards into the space between the remaining two adjacent partitions with extra space, preventing the green asparagus from piling up and causing inaccurate subsequent grading; then, the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism continues to transport the green asparagus to the alignment conveyor roller, which rolls , push the roots of the green asparagus toward the first frame, so that the roots of the green asparagus are flush with the inner wall of the first frame; when the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism intermittently transports the green asparagus to the bottom of the cutter, the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism stops transporting, the slider slides down along the vertical slide rail, the pressure block is pressed on the middle of the green asparagus to fix the green asparagus, and at the same time the cutter cuts off the roots of the green asparagus, and the cut roots fall from the waste port into the waste box below, completing the root cutting; the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism sends the cut green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting device, and the grading roller sweeps the green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting groove on one side wall of the frame. Green asparagus with different root diameters fall from different widths of the bamboo shoot sorting groove into different compartments of the grading box, completing the grading.

[0019] Preferably, the motor drives the active incomplete gear of the incomplete gear pair to rotate through the main shaft. When the active incomplete gear is meshed with the driven cylindrical gear, the driven cylindrical gear drives the bamboo shoot feeding belt through the bamboo shoot feeding belt power shaft. When the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoot feeding belt stops transmitting, thereby realizing intermittent transmission of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; at the same time, the motor drives the crank shaft to rotate through the main shaft and the chain transmission mechanism, and then drives the cutting knife on the slider and the pressure block on the work-shaped frame to move up and down along the vertical slide rail through the crank and the connecting rod; at the same time, the motor also drives the cylindrical gear pair I to rotate through the main shaft, and then drives the cutting knife on the slider and the pressure block on the work-shaped frame to move up and down along the vertical slide rail through the crank and the connecting rod; at the same time, the motor also drives the cylindrical gear pair I to rotate through the main shaft, and then drives the cutting knife on the slider and the pressure block on the work-shaped frame to move up and down along the vertical slide rail through the transmission shaft. The synchronous belt transmission mechanism I is driven by the synchronous belt transmission mechanism; then, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism I drives the brush roller to rotate through the brush roller shaft; the brush roller shaft drives the camshaft to rotate through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism II, and then drives the cam on the camshaft to rotate; the camshaft drives the transmission shaft II to rotate through the cylindrical gear pair II, and then drives the bevel gear pair to rotate; then, the bevel gear pair drives the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV at the same time through the steering shaft; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III drives the alignment conveyor roller to rotate through the alignment conveyor roller shaft; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV drives the grading roller to rotate through the grading roller shaft.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The bamboo shoot sorting device of the present invention uses a cam to rotate and drive a cam plate to vibrate slightly at a high frequency to sort the bamboo shoots, which causes less damage to the bamboo shoots. Compared with the manual sorting of the existing green asparagus grader, the efficiency is greatly improved; and the bamboo shoot sorting device is designed with an adjusting rod, which can change the inclination angle of the inclined plate by controlling the height of the adjusting rod, thereby changing the size of the bamboo shoot outlet and controlling the sorting speed.

[0022] 2. The brush roller in the bamboo shoot sorting device of the present invention sweeps the stacked green asparagus backwards into the space between two adjacent partitions with excess space, thereby preventing the thinner green asparagus piled high up from being sorted backwards into the compartments of the grading box storing green asparagus with larger diameters during subsequent grading, thereby improving grading accuracy.

[0023] 3. The bamboo shoot delivery belt of the present invention adopts intermittent transmission and cooperates with the root cutting device and the grading device to ensure that the bamboo shoot delivery belt is in a stationary state when the cutter of the root cutting device cuts the roots of the green asparagus, thereby ensuring reliable root cutting; while the alignment conveying roller of the root cutting device pushes the roots of the green asparagus to the frame for alignment and the grading device performs grading, the bamboo shoot delivery belt is in a running state, thereby improving the efficiency of alignment and grading.

[0024] 4. The alignment conveying roller and the grading roller of the present invention both use medium-low hardness sponges, which ensure greater friction with the green asparagus without damaging the green asparagus, thereby improving the consistency of cut root length and the success rate of grading.

[0025] 5. The power source of the present invention is only one motor, and the power is output through branch transmission and provided to the bamboo shoot separating device, root cutting device and grading device. This method saves resources, has low cost, and can make the movement of each mechanism coordinated.

[0026] 6. The present invention has a compact structure, greatly saves floor space compared to existing green asparagus graders, and has low production costs and is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is another perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial view of

[0030] Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Partial view B;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine, which includes a bamboo shoot sorting device 1, a transmission system 2, a root cutting device 3 and a grading device 4.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the transmission system 2 includes a motor 2-1, an incomplete gear pair 2-2, a bamboo shoot delivery belt power shaft 2-3, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism I2-4, a bevel gear pair 2-5, a cylindrical gear pair II2-6, a steering shaft 2-7, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV2-8, a grading roller shaft 2-9, an alignment conveying roller shaft 2-10, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism III2-11, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism II2-12, a camshaft 2-13, a brush roller shaft 2-14, a crank shaft 2-15, a chain transmission mechanism 2-16 and a cylindrical gear pair I2-17. The two bamboo shoots sending belt power shafts 2-3 are set at a distance; the incomplete gear pair 2-2 includes an active incomplete gear and a driven cylindrical gear; the active incomplete gear and the convex arc plate are fixed on the main shaft, and the main shaft is driven by the motor 2-1; the driven cylindrical gear and the concave arc plate are fixed on one of the bamboo shoots sending belt power shafts 2-3, and the convex arc plate and the concave arc plate are separated when the active incomplete gear and the driven cylindrical gear are engaged, and the convex arc plate and the concave arc plate are frictionally driven when the active incomplete gear and the driven cylindrical gear are separated; the main shaft is connected to the crank shaft 2-15 through a chain transmission mechanism 2-16, and is connected to the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft 1 is connected to the brush roller shaft 2-14 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism Ⅰ2-4 to achieve speed increase; the brush roller shaft 2-14 is connected to the camshaft 2-13 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism Ⅱ2-12; the camshaft 2-13 is connected to the transmission shaft 2 through a cylindrical gear pair Ⅱ2-6, and the transmission shaft 2 is connected to the steering shaft 2-7 through a bevel gear pair 2-5; the steering shaft 2-7 is connected to the grading roller shaft 2-9 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism Ⅳ2-8, and is connected to the alignment conveying roller shaft 2-10 through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism Ⅲ2-11.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the bamboo shoot separating device 1 includes a frame 1-1, a frame 2 1-2, a side plate 1-3, an adjusting rod 1-4, an inclined plate 1-5, a cam 1-6, a cam plate 1-7, a brush roller 1-8, a bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism 1-9 and a support plate 1-10. The frame 1-1 and the frame 2 1-2 are spaced apart, and the tops of the frame 1-1 and the frame 2 1-2 are fixed with side plates 1-3; the support plate 1-10 is fixed to the inner side of the frame 1-1; the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism 1-9 is placed between the support plate 1-10 and the frame 2 1-2, and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism 1-9 is flush with the support plate 1-10; the two ends of the cam shaft 2-13 of the transmission system 2 and the two side plates 1-3 respectively constitute a rotating pair; the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the transmission system 2 The power shaft 2-3, the transmission shaft 1 and the brush roller shaft 2-14 all form a rotating pair with the frame 1-1 and the frame 2 1-2. The main shaft, crank shaft 2-15, grading roller shaft 2-9 and alignment conveying roller shaft 2-10 of the transmission system 2 all form a rotating pair with the frame 1-1. The transmission shaft 2 and the steering shaft 2-7 of the transmission system 2 all form a rotating pair with the frame 2 1-2. The two pulleys of the bamboo shoot sending belt transmission mechanism 1-9 are divided into two bamboo shoot sending belt power shafts 2-3 of the transmission system 2. The two sides of the adjusting rod 1-4 are respectively fixed and connected through the bamboo shoot feeding belt of the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism 1-9; the side plate 1-3 is provided with a vertical sliding groove; the two ends of the adjusting rod 1-4 pass through the sliding groove of the corresponding side plate 1-3, and the threaded rod sections at both ends of the adjusting rod 1-4 are respectively connected with a nut to fix the adjusting rod 1-4 between the two side plates 1-3; the bottom of the inclined plate 1-5 is hinged to the frame 1-1 and the frame 2 1-2, and the top is supported on the adjusting rod 1-4; the cam 1-6 is fixed to the transmission system 2; the bottom of the cam plate 1-7 is hinged to the frame 1-1 and the frame 2 1-2 respectively, and the top is supported on the cam 1-6; the inclined plate 1-5 is arranged opposite to the cam plate 1-7; the brush roller 1-8 is located above the bamboo shoot sending belt of the bamboo shoot sending belt transmission mechanism 1-9, arranged along the width direction of the bamboo shoot sending belt, and fixed on the brush roller shaft 2-14 of the transmission system 2; the brush roller 1-8 is arranged closer to the output end of the bamboo shoot sending belt than the inclined plate 1-5 and the cam plate 1-7.

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, the root cutting device 3 includes a pressing block 3-1, an I-shaped frame 3-2, a cutter 3-3, a slider 3-4, a vertical slide rail 3-5, a hinge seat 3-6, a connecting rod 3-7, a crank 3-8 and an alignment conveying roller 3-10. The pressing block 3-1 is fixed to the I-shaped frame 3-2; the I-shaped frame 3-2 is fixed to the slider 3-4; the cutter 3-3 is fixed under the slider 3-4 and is located above the support plate 1-10; the cutter 3-3 is arranged with the brush roller 1-8 of the bamboo shoot sorting device 1 near the output end of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; the vertical slide rail 3-5 is fixed to the inner side of the frame 1-1 and forms a sliding pair with the slider 3-4; the hinge seat 3-6 is fixed on the slider 3-4; one end of the connecting rod 3-7 is hinged on the crank 3-8, and the other end is hinged on the hinge seat 3-6; the crank 3-8 is fixed on the crank shaft 2-15 of the transmission system 2; the alignment conveyor roller 3-10 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the width of the bamboo shoot feeding belt, and is placed between the cutter 3-3 and the brush roller 1-8 of the bamboo shoot sorting device 1, and is fixed on the alignment conveyor roller shaft 2-10 of the transmission system 2.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the grading device 4 includes a grading box 4-2 and a grading drum 4-3. The grading drum 4-3 is fixed to the grading drum shaft 2-9 of the transmission system 2 and is located closer to the output end of the bamboo shoot delivery belt than the cutter 3-3 of the root cutting device 3. A bamboo shoot grading trough 4-4 with a width that increases along the conveying direction of the bamboo shoot delivery belt is provided on the side wall of the frame 1-1 between the grading drum 4-3 and the bamboo shoot delivery belt. The guide groove fixed to the side of the grading box 4-2 cooperates with a linear slide fixed to the outside of the frame 1-1 and located below the bamboo shoot grading trough 4-4.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the pushing angle of the cam 1-6 is 5°, and the small angle vibration avoids pinching the green asparagus.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the width of the cam plate 1-7 and the inclined plate 1-5 are both 290 mm, the width of the bamboo shoots feeding belt of the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism 1-9 is 245 mm, and the width of the support plate 1-10 is 45 mm.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the cam plate 1-7 and the inclined plate 1-5 form a wedge-shaped bamboo shoot outlet, and the distance between the wedge-shaped bamboo shoot outlet and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 22 mm.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of partitions evenly distributed along the circumferential direction are fixed on the bamboo shoot delivery belt. The length of the partition is equal to the width of the bamboo shoot delivery belt. The distance between two adjacent partitions is 40 mm and the height of the partition is 4 mm.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, both ends of the transmission shaft 2 of the transmission system 2 are supported on the frame 2 1-2 through a seat bearing 1, and both ends of the steering shaft 2-7 are supported on the frame 2 1-2 through a seat bearing 1.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the alignment conveyor roller shaft 2-10 are supported on a corresponding alignment conveyor roller frame 3-9 through a seat bearing 2; the two alignment conveyor roller frames 3-9 are arranged at intervals and are both fixed on the inner side of the frame 1-1.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the cutter 3-3 is 120 mm, and the conveying distance of one cycle of the intermittent motion of the bamboo shoot feeding belt is 120 mm.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, both ends of the grading roller shaft 2-9 are supported on a corresponding grading roller frame 4-1 through a seat bearing; the two grading roller frames 4-1 are arranged at intervals and are both fixed on the inner side of the frame 1-1.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the pressing block 3-1, the alignment conveying roller 3-10 and the grading roller 4-3 are all made of sponge and are chamfered at both ends; the distance between the bottom of the pressing block 3-1 and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5 mm, the distance between the bottom of the alignment conveying roller 3-10 and the grading roller 4-3 and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5 mm, and the distance between the brush roller 1-8 and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism 1-9 is 5 mm.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the support plate 1-10 is located below the cutter 3-3 and is provided with a cutting opening 3-12 and a waste opening 3-11. The cutting opening 3-12 is 30 mm away from the inner wall of the frame 1-1.

[0049] More preferably, if Figure 2 As shown, a waste box 3-13 is provided just below the waste opening 3-11 of the support plate 1-10.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the grading box 4-2 is provided with three compartments, which are respectively used to collect green asparagus with the diameters of the bottom end surface after cutting being d<10mm, 10mm≤d≤15mm and d>15mm.

[0051] The grading method of the fully automatic green asparagus grading machine is as follows:

[0052] Green asparagus are manually placed horizontally with their roots facing the frame 1-1 into the bamboo shoot storage area surrounded by the cam plate 1-7, the inclined plate 1-5 and the two side plates 1-3; wherein, when a large amount of green asparagus is placed, the inclination angle of the inclined plate 1-5 can be increased by lowering the height of the adjusting rod 1-4; the rotation of the cam 1-6 drives the cam plate 1-7 to vibrate (with a small amplitude and high frequency), thereby assisting the green asparagus to fall onto the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism 1-9, and multiple green asparagus are allowed to fall between two adjacent partitions on the bamboo shoot feeding belt; the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism 1-9 transports the green asparagus to the brush roller 1-8, and the brush roller 1-8 sweeps the stacked green asparagus backwards into the remaining two adjacent partitions with extra space, so as to prevent the green asparagus from piling up and causing inaccurate subsequent grading; then, the bamboo shoot feeding belt transmission mechanism 1-9 continues to transport the green asparagus to the alignment conveyor roller 3-10, and the alignment conveyor roller 3-10 rolls , push the roots of green asparagus toward the frame 1-1, so that the roots of green asparagus are flush with the inner wall of the frame 1-1; when the bamboo shoot sending belt transmission mechanism 1-9 intermittently transports the green asparagus to the bottom of the cutter 3-3, the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoot sending belt transmission mechanism 1-9 stops transporting, the slider 3-4 slides down along the vertical slide rail 3-5, the pressing block 3-1 is pressed on the middle of the green asparagus to fix the green asparagus, and at the same time the cutter 3-3 cuts off the roots of the green asparagus, and the cut roots fall from the waste port 3-11 into the waste box 3-13 below, completing the root cutting; the bamboo shoot sending belt transmission mechanism 1-9 sends the cut green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting device 4, and the grading roller 4-1 sweeps the green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting groove 4-4 on the side wall of the frame 1-1, and the green asparagus with different root diameters falls from the different widths of the bamboo shoot sorting groove 4-4 into the different compartments of the grading box 4-2, completing the grading.

[0053] Among them, the motor 2-1 drives the active incomplete gear of the incomplete gear pair 2-2 to rotate through the main shaft. When the active incomplete gear is engaged with the driven cylindrical gear, the driven cylindrical gear drives the bamboo shoot feeding belt through the bamboo shoot feeding belt power shaft 2-3. When the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoot feeding belt stops transmitting, thereby realizing the intermittent transmission of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; at the same time, the motor 2-1 drives the crank shaft 2-15 to rotate through the main shaft and the chain transmission mechanism 2-16, and then drives the cutter 3-3 on the slider 3-4 and the pressure block 3-1 on the work-shaped frame 3-2 to move up and down along the vertical slide rail 3-5 through the crank 3-8 and the connecting rod 3-7; at the same time, the motor also drives the cylindrical gear pair I2-17 to rotate through the main shaft, and then drives the synchronous belt transmission mechanism I2-4 through the transmission shaft I transmission; then, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism I2-4 drives the brush roller 1-8 to rotate through the brush roller shaft 2-14; the brush roller shaft 2-14 drives the camshaft 2-13 to rotate through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism II2-12, and then drives the cam 1-6 on the camshaft 2-13 to rotate; the camshaft 2-13 drives the transmission shaft 2 to rotate through the cylindrical gear pair II2-6, and then drives the bevel gear pair 2-5 to rotate; then, the bevel gear pair 2-5 drives the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III2-11 and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV2-8 at the same time through the steering shaft 2-7; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III2-11 drives the alignment conveyor roller to rotate through the alignment conveyor roller shaft 2-10; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV2-8 drives the grading roller to rotate through the grading roller shaft 2-9.

Claims

1. A fully automatic green asparagus grader, comprising a transmission system and a root cutting device, characterized in that: It also includes a bamboo shoot separating device and a grading device; the transmission system includes a motor, an incomplete gear pair, a bamboo shoot delivery belt power shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism I, a bevel gear pair, a cylindrical gear pair II, a steering shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV, a grading roller shaft, an alignment conveying roller shaft, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism III, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism II, a camshaft, a brush roller shaft, a crankshaft, a chain transmission mechanism and a cylindrical gear pair I; the two bamboo shoot delivery belt power shafts are set at a distance; the incomplete gear pair includes an active incomplete gear and a driven cylindrical gear; the active incomplete gear and the convex arc plate are fixed on the main shaft, and the main shaft is Driven by a motor; the driven cylindrical gear and the concave arc plate are both fixed to one of the power shafts of the bamboo shoot delivery belt; the main shaft is connected to the crank shaft through a chain transmission mechanism, and is connected to the transmission shaft 1 through a cylindrical gear pair I; the transmission shaft 1 is connected to the brush roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism I; the brush roller shaft is connected to the camshaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism II; the camshaft is connected to the transmission shaft 2 through a cylindrical gear pair II, and the transmission shaft 2 is connected to the steering shaft through a bevel gear pair; the steering shaft is connected to the grading roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV, and is connected to the alignment conveyor roller shaft through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism III; The bamboo shoot separating device includes frame one, frame two, side plates, adjusting rods, inclined plates, cams, cam plates, brush rollers, bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism and support plates; the frame one and frame two are spaced apart, and the tops of the frame one and frame two are fixed with side plates; the support plates are fixed to the inner side of the frame one; the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is placed between the support plates and frame two, and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is flush with the support plates; the two ends of the cam shaft and the two side plates of the transmission system constitute a rotating pair respectively; the bamboo shoot delivery belt power shaft, transmission shaft one and brush roller shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotating pair with the frame one and frame two, the main shaft, crank shaft, grading roller shaft and alignment conveying roller shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotating pair with the frame one, and the transmission shaft two and steering shaft of the transmission system all constitute a rotating pair with the frame two The cam is fixed on the camshaft of the transmission system; the bottom of the cam plate is hinged to the frame one and the frame two, and the top is supported on the cam; the cam plate is arranged opposite to the cam plate; the brush roller is located above the bamboo shoots feeding belt of the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism, is arranged along the width direction of the bamboo shoots feeding belt, and is fixed on the brush roller shaft of the transmission system; the brush roller is arranged closer to the output end of the bamboo shoots feeding belt than the cam plate and the cam plate; The root cutting device includes a pressing block, an I-shaped frame, a cutter, a slider, a vertical slide rail, a hinge seat, a connecting rod, a crank and an alignment conveying roller; the pressing block is fixed to the I-shaped frame; the I-shaped frame is fixed to the slider; the cutter is fixed under the slider and is located above the support plate; the brush roller of the cutter and bamboo shoot sorting device is arranged near the output end of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; the vertical slide rail is fixed to an inner side of the frame and forms a sliding pair with the slider; the hinge seat is fixed to the slider; one end of the connecting rod is hinged on the crank, and the other end is hinged on the hinge seat; the crank is fixed to the crank shaft of the transmission system; the alignment conveying roller is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the width of the bamboo shoot feeding belt, and is placed between the cutter and the brush roller of the bamboo shoot sorting device, and is fixed on the alignment conveying roller shaft of the transmission system; The grading device includes a grading box and a grading roller; the grading roller is fixed on the grading roller shaft of the transmission system and is arranged closer to the output end of the bamboo shoot feeding belt than the cutter of the root cutting device; a bamboo shoot grading groove with a width increasing along the conveying direction of the bamboo shoot feeding belt is opened on one side wall of the frame between the grading roller and the bamboo shoot feeding belt; the guide groove fixed on the side of the grading box cooperates with a linear slide rail fixed on the outer side of the frame and located below the bamboo shoot grading groove; The bamboo shoots feeding belt is fixed with a plurality of partitions uniformly distributed along the annular direction, the length of the partition is equal to the width of the bamboo shoots feeding belt, the spacing between two adjacent partitions is 40mm, and the height of the partition is 4mm; The support plate is provided with a cutting opening and a waste opening below the cutter, and the cutting opening is 30 mm away from an inner side wall of the frame; The grading box is provided with three compartments.

2. The fully automatic green asparagus grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the cam plate and the inclined plate is 290 mm, the width of the bamboo shoots sending belt of the bamboo shoots sending belt transmission mechanism is 245 mm, and the width of the support plate is 45 mm.

3. The fully automatic green asparagus grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the cutter is 120 mm, and the conveying distance of the bamboo shoot conveying belt during one cycle of intermittent motion is 120 mm.

4. The fully automatic green asparagus grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing block, alignment conveying roller and grading roller are all made of sponge and are chamfered at both ends; the distance between the bottom of the pressing block and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5mm, the distance between the bottom of the alignment conveying roller and the grading roller and the bamboo shoot delivery belt is 5mm, and the distance between the brush roller and the bamboo shoot delivery belt of the bamboo shoot delivery belt transmission mechanism is 5mm.

5. The fully automatic green asparagus grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste box is provided just below the waste opening of the support plate.

6. The grading method of a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The details are as follows: The green asparagus are manually placed horizontally with the roots facing the first frame into the asparagus storage area surrounded by the cam plate, the inclined plate and the two side plates; the rotation of the cam drives the cam plate to vibrate, which helps the green asparagus fall onto the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism, and multiple green asparagus are allowed to fall between two adjacent partitions on the asparagus feeding belt; the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism transports the green asparagus to the brush roller, and the brush roller sweeps the stacked green asparagus backwards into the space between the remaining two adjacent partitions with extra space; then, the asparagus feeding belt transmission mechanism continues to transport the green asparagus to the alignment conveyor roller, which rolls and pushes the roots of the green asparagus toward the first frame, so that the roots of the green asparagus are aligned with the inner side of the first frame The bamboo shoots are flush with the wall; when the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism intermittently transports the green asparagus to the bottom of the cutter, the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism stops transporting, the slider slides down along the vertical slide rail, the pressure block is pressed on the middle of the green asparagus to fix the green asparagus, and at the same time the cutter cuts off the roots of the green asparagus, and the cut roots fall from the waste outlet into the waste box below, completing the root cutting; the bamboo shoots feeding belt transmission mechanism sends the cut green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting device, and the grading roller sweeps the green asparagus to the bamboo shoot sorting groove on one side wall of the frame. Green asparagus with different root diameters fall from different widths of the bamboo shoot sorting groove into different compartments of the grading box, completing the grading.

7. The grading method of a fully automatic green asparagus grading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor drives the active incomplete gear of the incomplete gear pair to rotate through the main shaft. When the active incomplete gear meshes with the driven cylindrical gear, the driven cylindrical gear drives the bamboo shoot feeding belt through the bamboo shoot feeding belt power shaft. When the active incomplete gear is separated from the driven cylindrical gear, the bamboo shoot feeding belt stops transmitting, thereby realizing the intermittent transmission of the bamboo shoot feeding belt; at the same time, the motor drives the crank shaft to rotate through the main shaft and chain transmission mechanism, and then drives the cutting knife on the slider and the pressure block on the work-shaped frame to move up and down along the vertical slide rail through the crank and connecting rod; at the same time, the motor also drives the cylindrical gear pair I to rotate through the main shaft, and then drives the synchronous gear pair I through the transmission shaft I. The synchronous belt transmission mechanism I transmits the power; then, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism I drives the brush roller to rotate through the brush roller shaft; the brush roller shaft drives the camshaft to rotate through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism II, and then drives the cam on the camshaft to rotate; the camshaft drives the transmission shaft II to rotate through the cylindrical gear pair II, and then drives the bevel gear pair to rotate; then, the bevel gear pair drives the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III and the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV at the same time through the steering shaft; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism III drives the alignment conveyor roller to rotate through the alignment conveyor roller shaft; the synchronous belt transmission mechanism IV drives the grading roller to rotate through the grading roller shaft.

Images