A prefabricated slope protection structure and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to a prefabricated slope protection structure and its construction method. The slope protection structure includes multiple H-shaped steel piles driven longitudinally into the outer soil at the bottom of the slope. The multiple H-shaped steel piles are arranged side by side at intervals along the extension direction of the slope. An L-shaped ground beam is cast above the soil at the bottom of each H-shaped steel pile to connect the H-shaped steel piles into a whole. Multiple rectangular retaining panels and / or drainage panels made of reinforced concrete are inserted from bottom to top in the slots above the L-shaped ground beams between adjacent H-shaped steel piles. The panels are interlocked with each other and with the H-shaped steel piles. The multiple drainage panels are evenly spaced among the multiple retaining panels. A drainage through hole is provided in the middle of the drainage panel, and a galvanized steel pipe is inserted into the drainage through hole and extends into the slope. Medium sand is backfilled between the protective retaining wall formed by the H-shaped steel piles, L-shaped ground beams, retaining panels, and drainage panels and the slope soil. A top beam connecting the H-shaped steel piles into a whole is cast on the top of the protective retaining wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of slope protection structures and construction methods, and in particular to a prefabricated slope protection structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional protective structures typically include wire mesh spraying, masonry facing walls, and shotcrete protection.

[0003] Traditional protective structures can be found in Chinese utility model patent CN203782682U, entitled "Guide-groove Prefabricated Pile-plate Device." This utility model discloses a guide-groove prefabricated pile-plate device for excavated slopes using pile-plate wall support. It includes a retaining plate and multiple piles embedded in the slope soil. The piles are arranged alternately, with their upper ends extending upwards to form pile bodies extending beyond the slope soil. Guide grooves are provided in the side walls of the pile bodies, and the retaining plate is inserted into the guide grooves of two adjacent pile bodies on both sides. It is evident that traditional protective structures require large quantities of high-energy-consuming and high-polluting materials such as steel bars and cement, which does not conform to the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0004] Additionally, see Chinese invention patent application CN111456081A, entitled "A Pile Foundation Retaining Wall Structure and Construction Method," which discloses a pile foundation retaining wall structure and its construction method. The structure includes lower cast-in-place piles, a middle capping beam, primary and secondary load-bearing H-beams running through the entire retaining wall structure, and an upper precast concrete slab. The secondary load-bearing H-beams are positioned between the two primary load-bearing H-beams, and the precast concrete slab is inserted into the grooves of the primary and secondary load-bearing H-beams. The combined effect of the H-beams and the cast-in-place pile foundation in this invention ensures that the retaining wall meets the requirements for anti-sliding and anti-tilting properties.

[0005] The aforementioned patent uses H-beams to replace the concrete structural piles in the traditional protective structure. Although this saves some of the steel bars, cement, and other materials, it still requires the casting of piles in the underlying soil to ensure the stability of the protection. This still requires a large amount of products from highly polluting industries, and the construction period is long and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a prefabricated slope protection structure and its construction method. This structure achieves green and environmentally friendly results through prefabrication and assembly, and also features high structural strength, safety, and stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A prefabricated slope protection structure includes multiple H-shaped steel piles driven longitudinally into the outer soil at the bottom of a slope via pile driving. The H-shaped steel piles have gaps between them and the slope. The piles are arranged side-by-side with intervals, and the slots of adjacent piles face each other. An L-shaped ground beam is cast above the soil at the bottom of each H-shaped steel pile, connecting them into a single unit. Multiple rectangular retaining panels and / or drainage panels made of reinforced concrete are inserted from bottom to top into the slots above the L-shaped ground beam between adjacent H-shaped steel piles. The bottom of each panel is opened along its length. The retaining wall is equipped with a groove that runs through the bottom surface. Each panel has a protrusion that matches the groove along the length of the panel. The groove at the bottom of the upper panel fits over the protrusion at the top of the lower panel. Multiple drainage panels are evenly spaced among multiple retaining panels. A drainage hole that runs horizontally through the inside and outside of the panel is provided in the middle of the drainage panel. A galvanized steel pipe is inserted into the drainage hole and extends into the slope. The retaining wall, which is composed of H-shaped steel piles, L-shaped ground beams, retaining panels, and drainage panels, is backfilled with medium sand between itself and the slope soil. A top beam that connects the H-shaped steel piles into a whole is poured on top of the retaining wall.

[0009] In one specific implementation, the bottom end of each H-beam steel pile is processed into a pointed shape, the outer surface of each H-beam steel pile is coated with a galvanized layer, and an anti-corrosion layer is covered on the outer surface of the H-beam steel pile.

[0010] In one specific implementation, the longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam is located outside the H-shaped steel pile, and the inner side of the longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam is close to the outer wing plate of the H-shaped steel pile. The inner end of the transverse section of the L-shaped ground beam extends to the inner side of the H-shaped steel pile. A crushed stone cushion layer is filled around the bottom of each H-shaped steel pile, and the part of the L-shaped ground beam close to the H-shaped steel pile is located on the crushed stone cushion layer.

[0011] In one specific implementation, the groove is a trapezoidal groove with the larger opening at the bottom, and the protrusion is a trapezoidal protrusion with the larger opening at the bottom; the long edges of the bottom inner and outer sides of the panel are chamfered downwards, and the long edges of the top inner and outer sides of the panel are chamfered upwards.

[0012] In one specific implementation, a lifting nut is embedded in the middle of the protrusion. The bottom of the lifting nut is welded to the stressed steel bar in the protrusion, and the top of the lifting nut is flush with the top surface of the protrusion. The lifting nut cooperates with the lifting lug to lift the panel. The bottom of the lifting lug is provided with an external thread that cooperates with the lifting nut.

[0013] In one specific implementation, one end of the galvanized steel pipe is processed into a pointed shape and equipped with a sealing cap, and multiple water-permeable holes are provided on the pipe wall near the pointed end of the galvanized steel pipe.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the drainage panels and retaining panels are longitudinally staggered to form a drainage column, and the water-retaining panels form a retaining column. The drainage column and the retaining column are arranged laterally in an alternating manner.

[0015] The construction method for the above-mentioned prefabricated slope protection structure includes the following steps:

[0016] Verify the location of the H-beam steel piles and carry out the H-beam steel pile driving construction;

[0017] On the soil surrounding each H-shaped steel pile, L-shaped ground beam formwork is constructed, steel bars are tied, and L-shaped ground beam concrete is poured in one go.

[0018] After the L-shaped ground beam reaches the design strength, install the panels. The panels are installed row by row from bottom to top, and each row is installed one by one from left to right. After each row of panels is installed and adjusted, backfill the back with medium sand.

[0019] After all the panels are installed, the formwork for the top beam is installed on top. After the formwork reinforcement system is installed, the steel bars are tied and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the top beam. After the top beam has reached the design strength, the backfill and compaction of medium sand is carried out on the back side.

[0020] Insert the galvanized steel pipe into the drainage hole of the drainage panel and press it into the slope soil. Seal the gap between the galvanized steel pipe and the drainage hole of the drainage panel with mortar.

[0021] Before the panel is installed, the threaded end of the lifting lug is threadedly connected to the lifting nut for fixation. When the panel is lifted, the lifting rope is connected to the lifting lug. During the lifting process, the position of the panel is manually adjusted so that the panel can slide smoothly along the groove of the H-shaped steel pile. After the panel is installed in place, the lifting lug is rotated to separate the lifting lug from the lifting nut on the panel.

[0022] The medium sand is backfilled on the side closest to the H-shaped steel pile, with the backfill height lower than the top surface of the panel, and compacted using light machinery after backfilling.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention's prefabricated slope protection structure is more environmentally friendly compared to traditional support methods. Most components can be prefabricated in the factory and installed on-site, conforming to the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction. With a 90° slope, this support method offers maximum advantages in confined spaces. Compared to traditional support methods, it has a shorter construction period, simpler assembly and installation, and a more aesthetically pleasing and streamlined slope surface. Compared to traditional slope support, its novel structure, utilizing steel structures and prefabricated concrete components, fully leverages the functions of each component, facilitating construction and cost reduction. The H-shaped steel piles penetrate deeply into the soil, providing high structural rigidity. Connected to the bottom ground beam and top beam structure, they form a unified whole, complemented by galvanized steel pipes inserted into the slope for drainage, and interlocking panels and H-shaped steel piles, resulting in high structural rigidity and enhanced safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the A-side structure;

[0027] Figure 3 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB line;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the retaining panel of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a side view of the retaining panel of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a top view of the retaining panel structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the drainage panel of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a side view of the drainage panel of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the galvanized steel pipe of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0035] See Figures 1 to 9 A prefabricated slope protection structure includes multiple H-shaped steel piles 1 driven longitudinally into the outer soil at the bottom of a slope 10 via pile driving. The H-shaped steel piles 1 have gaps between them and the slope 10. The multiple H-shaped steel piles 1 are arranged side-by-side at intervals along the extension direction of the slope 10, with the slots 11 of adjacent H-shaped steel piles facing each other. The bottom end of each H-shaped steel pile 1 is machined into a pointed shape to reduce drag during pile driving. The outer surface of each H-shaped steel pile 1 is coated with a galvanized layer, and after being coated with asphalt, an anti-corrosion layer is applied to the outer surface of the H-shaped steel pile 1.

[0036] A crushed stone cushion layer 12 is filled around the bottom outer perimeter of each H-shaped steel pile 1, specifically within an 800mm radius around the H-shaped steel pile 1. An L-shaped ground beam 2, connecting the H-shaped steel piles 1 into a single unit, is poured above the crushed stone cushion layer 12. The L-shaped ground beam 2 is a reinforced concrete structure with a concrete strength grade of C30 and HRB400 reinforcing steel. The longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam 2 is located on the outer side of the H-shaped steel pile 1 (i.e., the side of the H-shaped steel pile 1 furthest from the slope 10), and the inner side of the longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam 2 is close to the outer flange of the H-shaped steel pile 1. The inner end of the transverse section of the L-shaped ground beam 2 extends to the inner side of the H-shaped steel pile 1 (i.e., the side of the H-shaped steel pile 1 closest to the slope 10).

[0037] Multiple panels 3 are inserted from bottom to top into the slots 11 above the L-shaped ground beam 2 of two adjacent H-shaped steel piles 1. The panels 3 are rectangular reinforced concrete panels 3 prefabricated in a prefabrication plant, with a concrete strength grade of C30, main reinforcing steel of HRB400, and distribution reinforcing steel of HPB300. A trapezoidal groove 31 penetrating the bottom surface is formed along the length of the panel 3, with the larger end of the groove 31 located at the bottom. The long edges of the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the panel 3 are chamfered downwards 32. An upward-protruding trapezoidal protrusion 33 is formed along the length of the top of the panel 3, with the larger end of the protrusion located at the bottom, and the protrusion 33 matches the trapezoidal groove 31. The long edges of the inner and outer sides of the top of the panel 3 are chamfered upwards 34. A lifting nut 35 is embedded in the middle of the trapezoidal protrusion 33. The bottom of the lifting nut 35 is welded to the reinforcing steel bar in the trapezoidal protrusion 33, and the top of the lifting nut 35 is flush with the top surface of the trapezoidal protrusion 33. The lifting nut 35 cooperates with the lifting lug 36 to lift the panel 3. The bottom of the lifting lug 36 is provided with an external thread that mates with the lifting nut 35, and the top is provided with a ring.

[0038] In this embodiment, the panel 3 is divided into a retaining panel 310 and a drainage panel 320. The drainage panel 320 has the same structure as the retaining panel 310, except that the drainage panel 320 has a drainage through hole 37 that runs horizontally through the inner and outer sides of the panel 3 in the middle. A galvanized steel pipe 4 is inserted into the drainage through hole 37 and extends deep into the soil of the slope 10. One end of the galvanized steel pipe 4 is processed into a pointed shape and equipped with a sealing cap to effectively reduce the resistance to soil penetration. Multiple permeable holes 42 with a diameter of 6mm are provided on the pipe wall of the end of the galvanized steel pipe 4 near the pointed end 41. The galvanized steel pipe 4 takes into account both drainage and the stability of the prefabricated panel 3 and the prefabricated slope 10 protection structure.

[0039] Multiple drainage panels 320 are evenly spaced among multiple retaining panels 310. Specifically, the installation and arrangement of the retaining panels 310 and drainage panels 320 are as follows: the drainage panels 320 and retaining panels 310 are longitudinally staggered to form a drainage column, and the retaining column composed entirely of water-retaining panels 3 is laterally staggered.

[0040] The protective retaining wall, composed of H-shaped steel piles 1, L-shaped ground beams 2, retaining panels 310 and drainage panels 320, is backfilled with medium sand 5 between itself and the soil of the slope 10. A top beam 6, parallel to the L-shaped ground beams 2, is cast on the top of the protective retaining wall to connect the H-shaped steel piles 1 into a whole.

[0041] The construction method for the above-mentioned prefabricated slope protection structure includes the following steps:

[0042] Preparation: Before the formal construction begins, the site is cleared, materials are stacked, and the construction roads leading to and from the site are kept clear according to the configuration of the construction equipment. After the slope 10 is leveled, measurements are taken and lines are laid out to determine the position of the H-shaped steel pile 1.

[0043] Construction of H-beam steel pile 1: The bottom end of H-beam steel pile 1 is processed into a pointed shape. Before the foundation construction of H-beam steel pile 1, H-beam steel pile 1 is galvanized. After galvanizing, asphalt is applied to the surface of the H-beam steel for anti-corrosion treatment. After the position of H-beam steel pile 1 is verified to be correct, pile driving construction is carried out. During the construction process, it is ensured that the position, dimensions and penetration of H-beam steel pile 1 meet the design requirements.

[0044] Crushed stone cushion layer 12 filling: After verifying that the elevation position of H-shaped steel pile 1 is correct, crushed stone cushion layer 12 is filled within an 800mm range around H-shaped steel pile 1.

[0045] L-shaped ground beam 2 pouring: The L-shaped ground beam 2 formwork is constructed on the soil around each H-shaped steel pile 1, and the reinforcing bars are tied; the L-shaped ground beam 2 concrete is poured in one go, and it is cured in time after reaching the design strength.

[0046] Panel 3 Installation: After panel 3 is manufactured at the prefabrication plant, it is transported to the construction site. The threaded end of the lifting lug 36 is fixed to the lifting nut 35 via a threaded connection. During the lifting of panel 3, the lifting rope is connected to the ring of the lifting lug. During the lifting process, two workers are assigned to adjust the position of panel 3 so that panel 3 can slide smoothly along the groove 11 of the H-shaped steel pile 1. After panel 3 is installed in place, rotate the lifting lug 36 to separate the lifting lug 36 from the lifting nut 35 on panel 3. Panel 3 is then lifted sequentially from left to right and from bottom to top. The trapezoidal protrusion 33 of the lower panel 3 matches the trapezoidal groove 31 of the upper panel 3. The left and right positions of panel 3 are adjusted accordingly. After installation, rotate the lifting lug 36 to separate the lifting lug 36 from the lifting nut 35 on panel 3. Subsequent panel 3 installations are repeated in the same manner.

[0047] Panel 3 is installed row by row from bottom to top, and each row is installed one by one from left to right. After the installation and adjustment of each layer of panel 3 is completed, the medium sand 5 is backfilled on the back side. The medium sand 5 is backfilled on the side close to the H-shaped steel pile 1, and the backfill height is 150mm lower than the top of panel 3. After backfilling, light machinery is used for compaction. During the compaction process, the displacement changes of H-shaped steel pile 1 and panel 3 are monitored in time.

[0048] Top Beam 6 Pouring: After all panels 3 are installed and pass inspection, the formwork for top beam 6 is installed on top. After the formwork reinforcement system is installed, the reinforcing bars are tied and concrete is poured to complete the construction of top beam 6. After top beam 6 reaches its design strength, the backfill with medium sand 5 is carried out and compacted.

[0049] Insertion of galvanized steel pipe 4: Insert the galvanized steel pipe 4 through the drainage hole 37 of the drainage panel 320 and press it into the soil of the slope 10. Seal the gap between the galvanized steel pipe 4 and the drainage hole 37 of the drainage panel 320 with mortar.

[0050] Application of secondary anti-corrosion coating on the surface of H-beam steel pile 1.

[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a prefabricated slope protection structure, characterized in that: The prefabricated slope protection structure includes multiple H-shaped steel piles that are longitudinally driven into the outer soil at the bottom of the slope through pile driving construction. There is a gap between the H-shaped steel piles and the slope. The multiple H-shaped steel piles are arranged side by side with intervals, and the slots of two adjacent H-shaped steel piles are set facing each other. An L-shaped ground beam is cast above the soil at the bottom of each H-shaped steel pile to connect the H-shaped steel piles into a whole. A crushed stone cushion layer is filled around the bottom of each H-shaped steel pile. The part of the L-shaped ground beam near the H-shaped steel pile is located on the crushed stone cushion layer. Multiple rectangular retaining panels and / or drainage panels made of reinforced concrete are inserted from bottom to top in the slots above the L-shaped ground beam between two adjacent H-shaped steel piles. The bottom of each panel has a groove that runs through the bottom surface along the length of the panel. The top of each panel has a protrusion that matches the groove along the length of the panel. The groove at the bottom of the upper panel fits over the protrusion at the top of the lower panel. A lifting nut is embedded in the middle of the protrusion. The bottom of the lifting nut is welded to the reinforcing steel bar in the protrusion. The top of the lifting nut is flush with the top surface of the protrusion. The lifting nut and the lifting lug are used to lift the panel. The bottom of the lifting lug is provided with an external thread that matches the lifting nut. Multiple drainage panels are evenly spaced among multiple retaining panels. A drainage through hole is set in the middle of the drainage panel, which runs horizontally through the inside and outside of the panel. A galvanized steel pipe is inserted into the drainage through hole and extends into the slope. The gap between the galvanized steel pipe and the drainage through hole is sealed with mortar. Multiple water-permeable holes are set on the pipe wall at one end of the galvanized steel pipe. The protective retaining wall, which consists of H-shaped steel piles, L-shaped ground beams, retaining panels, and drainage panels, is backfilled with medium sand between itself and the slope soil. A top beam is poured on top of the protective retaining wall to connect the H-shaped steel piles into a whole. The construction method includes the following steps: Verify the location of the H-beam steel piles and carry out the H-beam steel pile driving construction; On the soil surrounding each H-shaped steel pile, L-shaped ground beam formwork is constructed, steel bars are tied, and L-shaped ground beam concrete is poured in one go. After the L-shaped ground beam reaches its design strength, the panels are installed. The panels are installed row by row from bottom to top, and each row is installed one by one from left to right. After the installation and adjustment of each row of panels are completed, the backfill with medium sand is carried out. Before the panels are installed, the external thread of the lifting lug is connected to the lifting nut for fixation. When the panels are lifted, the lifting rope is connected to the lifting lug. During the lifting process, the position of the panels is manually adjusted so that the panels can slide smoothly along the groove of the H-shaped steel pile. After the panels are installed in place, the lifting lug is rotated to separate the lifting lug from the lifting nut on the panel. After all the panels are installed, the formwork for the top beam is installed on top. After the formwork reinforcement system is installed, the steel bars are tied and the concrete is poured to complete the construction of the top beam. After the top beam has reached the design strength, the backfill and compaction of medium sand is carried out on the back side. Insert the galvanized steel pipe into the drainage hole of the drainage panel and press it into the slope soil. Seal the gap between the galvanized steel pipe and the drainage hole of the drainage panel with mortar.

2. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each H-beam steel pile has a pointed bottom end and a galvanized layer on its outer surface. An anti-corrosion layer is then applied over the galvanized layer on the outer surface of the H-beam steel pile.

3. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam is located outside the H-shaped steel pile, and the inner side of the longitudinal section of the L-shaped ground beam is close to the outer wing plate of the H-shaped steel pile. The inner end of the transverse section of the L-shaped ground beam extends to the inner side of the H-shaped steel pile.

4. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove is a trapezoidal groove with the larger opening at the bottom. The protrusion is a trapezoidal protrusion with the larger opening at the bottom. The long edges of the bottom inner and outer sides of the panel are chamfered at the bottom, and the long edges of the top inner and outer sides of the panel are chamfered at the top.

5. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the galvanized steel pipe is processed into a pointed shape and equipped with a sealing cap. The water-permeable hole is provided on the pipe wall at the end of the galvanized steel pipe near the pointed end.

6. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage panels and retaining panels are longitudinally staggered, forming a drainage column and a retaining column, which are arranged laterally in an alternating manner.

7. The construction method of the prefabricated slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium sand is backfilled on the side near the H-shaped steel pile, with the backfill height lower than the top surface of the panel. After backfilling, it is compacted using light machinery.

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